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Yin Z, Zhang J, Qin J, Guo L, Guo Q, Kang W, Ma C, Chen L. Anti-inflammatory properties of polysaccharides from edible fungi on health-promotion: a review. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1447677. [PMID: 39130633 PMCID: PMC11310034 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1447677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Edible fungus polysaccharides have garnered significant attention from scholars due to their safety and potential anti-inflammatory activity. However, comprehensive summaries of their anti-inflammatory properties are still rare. This paper provides a detailed overview of the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of these polysaccharides, as well as their impact on inflammation-related diseases. Additionally, the relationship between their structure and anti-inflammatory activity is discussed. It is believed that this review will greatly enhance the understanding of the application of edible fungus polysaccharides in anti-inflammatory treatments, thereby significantly promoting the development and utilization of edible fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Yin
- Henan Comprehensive Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Plant Resources Engineering Technology Research Center, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou, China
- National R and D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- Henan Comprehensive Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Plant Resources Engineering Technology Research Center, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Qin
- Henan Comprehensive Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Plant Resources Engineering Technology Research Center, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lin Guo
- National R and D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qingfeng Guo
- Henan Comprehensive Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Plant Resources Engineering Technology Research Center, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenyi Kang
- National R and D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Function Food Engineering Technology Research Center, Kaifeng, China
| | - Changyang Ma
- National R and D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Function Food Engineering Technology Research Center, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Henan Comprehensive Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Plant Resources Engineering Technology Research Center, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou, China
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2
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Liu T, Cao Y, Liang N, Ma X, Fang JA, Zhang X. Investigating the causal association between gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1342313. [PMID: 38962766 PMCID: PMC11220316 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1342313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have shown that gut dysbiosis contributes to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Identifying specific gut microbiota dysbiosis may provide insight into the pathogenesis of T2DM. Purpose This study investigated the causal relationship between gut microbiota and T2DM using meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods In the first part, we searched for literature on gut microbiota and T2DM, and conducted a meta-analysis. We observed differences in glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting blood glucose levels in both groups. Second, we obtained GWAS data from genome-wide association study database 19 (GWAS). We used two-sample MR analysis to verify the forward and reverse causal associations between gut microbiota and T2DM. Additionally, we selected the European GWAS data from the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) as a validation set for external validation of the MR analysis. In the third part, we aimed to clarify which gut microbiota contribute to the degree of causal association between group disorders and T2DM through multivariate MR analysis and Bayesian model averaging (MR-BMA). Results 1. According to the meta-analysis results, the glycated hemoglobin concentration in the gut probiotic intervention group was significantly lower than in the control group. Following treatment, fasting blood glucose levels in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group. 2. The results of two samples MR analysis revealed that there were causal relationships between six gut microbiota and T2DM. Genus Haemophilus and order Pasteurellaceae were negatively correlated with T2DM. Genus Actinomycetes, class Melanobacteria and genus Lactobacillus were positively correlated. Reverse MR analysis demonstrated that T2DM and gut microbiota did not have any reverse causal relationship. The external validation data set showed a causal relationship between gut microbiota and T2DM. 3. Multivariate MR analysis and MR-BMA results showed that the independent genus Haemophilus collection had the largest PP. Conclusion Our research results suggest that gut microbiota is closely related to T2DM pathogenesis. The results of further MR research and an analysis of the prediction model indicate that a variety of gut microbiota disorders, including genus Haemophilus, are causally related to the development of T2DM. The findings of this study may provide some insight into the diagnosis and treatment of T2DM. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ning Liang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoqi Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing-ai Fang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Raghani N, Postwala H, Shah Y, Chorawala M, Parekh P. From Gut to Brain: Unraveling the Intricate Link Between Microbiome and Stroke. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10295-3. [PMID: 38831225 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10295-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Stroke, a neurological disorder, is intricately linked to the gut microbiota, influencing microbial composition and elevating the risk of ischemic stroke. The neuroprotective impact of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) derived from dietary fiber fermentation contrasts with the neuroinflammatory effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from gut bacteria. The pivotal role of the gut-brain axis, facilitating bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain, is crucial in maintaining gastrointestinal equilibrium and influencing cognitive functions. An in-depth understanding of the interplay among the gut microbiota, immune system, and neurological outcomes in stroke is imperative for devising innovative preventive and therapeutic approaches. Strategies such as dietary adjustments, probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, or fecal transplantation offer promise in modulating stroke outcomes. Nevertheless, comprehensive research is essential to unravel the precise mechanisms governing the gut microbiota's involvement in stroke and to establish effective therapeutic interventions. The initiation of large-scale clinical trials is warranted to assess the safety and efficacy of interventions targeting the gut microbiota in stroke management. Tailored strategies that reinstate eubiosis and foster a healthy gut microbiota hold potential for both stroke prevention and treatment. This review underscores the gut microbiota as a promising therapeutic target in stroke and underscores the need for continued research to delineate its precise role and develop microbiome-based interventions effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Raghani
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Humzah Postwala
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Yesha Shah
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Mehul Chorawala
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy Practice, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India.
| | - Priyajeet Parekh
- AV Pharma LLC, 1545 University Blvd N Ste A, Jacksonville, FL, 32211, USA
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Dong Y, Gai Z, Han M, Xu J, Zou K. Reduction in Serum Concentrations of Uremic Toxins Driven by Bifidobacterium Longum Subsp. Longum BL21 is Associated with Gut Microbiota Changes in a Rat Model of Chronic Kidney Disease. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10293-5. [PMID: 38829564 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10293-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Gut microbiota dysbiosis and consequent impairment of gut barrier function, culminating in elevated levels of uremic toxins, are prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. These toxins, notably indoxyl sulphate (IS), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), are implicated in a spectrum of CKD-related complications, including cardiovascular disease, bone and mineral disorders, and inflammation. The specific impacts of various probiotics on these CKD manifestations remain unexplored. This study delved into the potential of dietary probiotic interventions, particularly Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BL21, to modulate gut microbiota and mitigate metabolic disorders in a CKD rat model. Over a six-week period, we administered a dietary regimen of BL21 and conducted comprehensive analyses, including serum uremic toxin quantification and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, to systematically profile gut microbial alterations at the phylogenetic level. Our findings reveal that BL21 intervention significantly ameliorated CKD-induced disruptions in gut microbial populations, enhancing both microbial richness and the relative abundance of key taxa. Importantly, BL21 appeared to exert its beneficial effects by modulating the abundance of crucial species such as Barnesiella and Helicobacter. Functionally, the intervention markedly normalized serum levels of IS, IAA, and TMAO, while potentially attenuating p-cresol sulphate (PCS) and p-cresol glucuronide (PCG) concentrations. Consequently, BL21 demonstrated efficacy in regulating gut microbiota and curtailing the accumulation of uremic toxins. Our results advocate for the utilization of BL21 as a dietary intervention to diminish serum uremic toxins and re-establish gut microbiota equilibrium at the phylogenetic level, underscoring the promise of probiotic strategies in the management of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Dong
- Germline Stem Cells and Microenvironment Lab, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Stem Cell Research and Translation Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhonghui Gai
- Department of Research and Development, Wecare Probiotics Co., Ltd, Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Mei Han
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, Shanghai Business School, Shanghai, 200235, China
| | - Jiaqi Xu
- Department of Research and Development, Wecare Probiotics Co., Ltd, Suzhou, 215200, China
| | - Kang Zou
- Germline Stem Cells and Microenvironment Lab, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- Stem Cell Research and Translation Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Ruța F, Pribac M, Mardale E, Suciu S, Maior R, Bogdan S, Avram C. Associations between Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Other Risk Factors in Women with a History of Urinary Tract Infections. Nutrients 2024; 16:1753. [PMID: 38892685 PMCID: PMC11174854 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among otherwise healthy women represent a problem that requires additional understanding and approaches. Evidencing the link between dysbiosis and UTIs and the associated potential risk factors could lead to therapeutic approaches with increased efficiency under the conditions of reducing the risks associated with antibiotic treatments. The purpose of this study was to evaluate dysbiosis and other potential risk factors in women with a history of urinary tract infections; (2) Methods: Fecal dysbiosis tests were performed comparatively in two groups of women. The first group in-cluded women with recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI) who had either two or more symp-tomatic episodes of UTI in the previous six months. The second group included women with spo-radic UTIs who did not have >1 UTI during a 12-month period and who did not have another UTI in the last 12 months; (3) Results: An association was shown between intestinal dysbiosis and recurrences of urinary tract infections. Increased body weight was associated with intestinal dysbiosis. Also, the lack of knowledge regarding the risk of using antibiotics and the benefits of probiotics was associated with both dysbiosis and recurrences of urinary tract infections; (4) Conclusions: Dysbiosis can have an impact on the recurrence of urinary tract infections. The risk factors for rUTI and dysbiosis in the sphere of lifestyle are potentially controllable, broadening the perspective for new approaches and changing the paradigm in the treatment of urinary tract infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florina Ruța
- George Emil Palade University of Medicine Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (F.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Mirela Pribac
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | | | - Sara Suciu
- George Emil Palade University of Medicine Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (F.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Raluca Maior
- Anti-Aging Nutrition Clinic, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | | | - Călin Avram
- George Emil Palade University of Medicine Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (F.R.); (S.S.)
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Dahiya P, Kumari S, Behl M, Kashyap A, Kumari D, Thakur K, Devi M, Kumari N, Kaushik N, Walia A, Bhatt AK, Bhatia RK. Guardians of the Gut: Harnessing the Power of Probiotic Microbiota and Their Exopolysaccharides to Mitigate Heavy Metal Toxicity in Human for Better Health. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10281-9. [PMID: 38733461 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10281-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution is a significant global health concern, posing risks to both the environment and human health. Exposure to heavy metals happens through various channels like contaminated water, food, air, and workplaces, resulting in severe health implications. Heavy metals also disrupt the gut's microbial balance, leading to dysbiosis characterized by a decrease in beneficial microorganisms and proliferation in harmful ones, ultimately exacerbating health problems. Probiotic microorganisms have demonstrated their ability to adsorb and sequester heavy metals, while their exopolysaccharides (EPS) exhibit chelating properties, aiding in mitigating heavy metal toxicity. These beneficial microorganisms aid in restoring gut integrity through processes like biosorption, bioaccumulation, and biotransformation of heavy metals. Incorporating probiotic strains with high affinity for heavy metals into functional foods and supplements presents a practical approach to mitigating heavy metal toxicity while enhancing gut health. Utilizing probiotic microbiota and their exopolysaccharides to address heavy metal toxicity offers a novel method for improving human health through modulation of the gut microbiome. By combining probiotics and exopolysaccharides, a distinctive strategy emerges for mitigating heavy metal toxicity, highlighting promising avenues for therapeutic interventions and health improvements. Further exploration in this domain could lead to groundbreaking therapies and preventive measures, underscoring probiotic microbiota and exopolysaccharides as natural and environmentally friendly solutions to heavy metal toxicity. This, in turn, could enhance public health by safeguarding the gut from environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpak Dahiya
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sangeeta Kumari
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Manya Behl
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Aakash Kashyap
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Deeksha Kumari
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Kalpana Thakur
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Mamta Devi
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neelam Kumari
- Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neelam Kaushik
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Walia
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences, CSK HPKV, Palampur, HP, 176062, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla, 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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Hansen ZA, Schilmiller AL, Guzior DV, Rudrik JT, Quinn RA, Vasco KA, Manning SD. Shifts in the functional capacity and metabolite composition of the gut microbiome during recovery from enteric infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1359576. [PMID: 38779558 PMCID: PMC11109446 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1359576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
While enteric pathogens have been widely studied for their roles in causing foodborne infection, their impacts on the gut microbial community have yet to be fully characterized. Previous work has identified notable changes in the gut microbiome related to pathogen invasion, both taxonomically and genetically. Characterization of the metabolic landscape during and after enteric infection, however, has not been explored. Consequently, we investigated the metabolome of paired stools recovered from 60 patients (cases) during and after recovery from enteric bacterial infections (follow-ups). Shotgun metagenomics was applied to predict functional microbial pathways combined with untargeted metametabolomics classified by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry. Notably, cases had a greater overall metabolic capacity with significantly higher pathway richness and evenness relative to the follow-ups (p<0.05). Metabolic pathways related to central carbon metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and lipid and fatty acid biosynthesis were more highly represented in cases and distinct signatures for menaquinone production were detected. By contrast, the follow-up samples had a more diverse metabolic landscape with enhanced richness of polar metabolites (p<0.0001) and significantly greater richness, evenness, and overall diversity of nonpolar metabolites (p<0.0001). Although many metabolites could not be annotated with existing databases, a marked increase in certain clusters of metabolites was observed in the follow-up samples when compared to the case samples and vice versa. These findings suggest the importance of key metabolites in gut health and recovery and enhance understanding of metabolic fluctuations during enteric infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe A. Hansen
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics, and Immunology, Michigan State University E., Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Anthony L. Schilmiller
- Research Technology Support Facility, Mass Spectrometry and Metabolomics Core, Michigan State University E., Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Douglas V. Guzior
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics, and Immunology, Michigan State University E., Lansing, MI, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University E., Lansing, MI, United States
| | - James T. Rudrik
- Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, Bureau of Laboratories, Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Robert A. Quinn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University E., Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Karla A. Vasco
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics, and Immunology, Michigan State University E., Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Shannon D. Manning
- Department of Microbiology, Genetics, and Immunology, Michigan State University E., Lansing, MI, United States
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Porru S, Esplugues A, Llop S, Delgado-Saborit JM. The effects of heavy metal exposure on brain and gut microbiota: A systematic review of animal studies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 348:123732. [PMID: 38462196 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The gut-brain axis is a crucial interface between the central nervous system and the gut microbiota. Recent evidence shows that exposure to environmental contaminants, such as heavy metals, can cause dysbiosis in gut microbiota, which may affect the gut-brain communication, impacting aspects of brain function and behavior. This systematic review of the literature aims to evaluate whether deleterious effects on brain function due to heavy metal exposure could be mediated by changes in the gut microbiota profile. Animal studies involving exposure to heavy metals and a comparison with a control group that evaluated neuropsychological outcomes and/or molecular outcomes along with the analysis of microbiota composition were reviewed. The authors independently assessed studies for inclusion, extracted data and assessed risk of bias using the protocol of Systematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) for preclinical studies. A search in 3 databases yielded 16 eligible studies focused on lead (n = 10), cadmium (n = 1), mercury (n = 3), manganese (n = 1), and combined exposure of lead and manganese (n = 1). The animal species were rats (n = 7), mice (n = 4), zebrafish (n = 3), carp (n = 1) and fruit fly (n = 1). Heavy metals were found to adversely affect cognitive function, behavior, and neuronal morphology. Moreover, heavy metal exposure was associated with changes in the abundance of specific bacterial phyla, such as Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, which play crucial roles in gut health. In some studies, these alterations were correlated with learning and memory impairments and mood disorders. The interplay of heavy metals, gut microbiota, and brain suggests that heavy metals can induce direct brain alterations and indirect effects through the microbiota, contributing to neurotoxicity and the development of neuropsychological disorders. However, the small number of papers under review makes it difficult to draw definitive conclusions. Further research is warranted to unravel the underlying mechanisms and evaluate the translational implications for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Porru
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences. Universitat Jaume I, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Ana Esplugues
- Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universitat de València, C/Menendez Pelayo S/n, 46010, València, Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de Valencia, Av. Catalunya 21, 46020, València, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sabrina Llop
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de Valencia, Av. Catalunya 21, 46020, València, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juana María Delgado-Saborit
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences. Universitat Jaume I, Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat s/n, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de Valencia, Av. Catalunya 21, 46020, València, Spain.
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9
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Radocchia G, Marazzato M, Harbi KB, Capuzzo E, Pantanella F, De Giorgio R, Guarino M, Costanzini A, Zenzeri L, Parisi P, Ferretti A, Felici E, Palamara AT, Di Nardo G, Schippa S. Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction: associations with gut microbiota and genes expression of intestinal serotonergic pathway. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:48. [PMID: 38302874 PMCID: PMC10835911 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03200-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (PIPO) is a rare disease characterized by symptoms and radiological signs suggestive of intestinal obstruction, in the absence of lumen-occluding lesions. It results from an extremely severe impairment of propulsive motility. The intestinal endocrine system (IES) jointly with the enteric nervous system (ENS) regulates secreto-motor functions via different hormones and bioactive messengers/neurotransmitters. The neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) (or serotonin) is linked to intestinal peristalsis and secretory reflexes. Gut microbiota and its interplay with ENS affect 5-HT synthesis, release, and the subsequent serotonin receptor activation. To date, the interplay between 5-HT and gut microbiota in PIPO remains largely unclear. This study aimed to assess correlations between mucosa associated microbiota (MAM), intestinal serotonin-related genes expression in PIPO. To this purpose, biopsies of the colon, ileum and duodenum have been collected from 7 PIPO patients, and 7 age-/sex-matched healthy controls. After DNA extraction, the MAM was assessed by next generation sequencing (NGS) of the V3-V4 region of the bacterial RNA 16 S, on an Illumina Miseq platform. The expression of genes implicated in serotoninergic pathway (TPH1, SLC6A4, 5-HTR3 and 5-HTR4) was established by qPCR, and correlations with MAM and clinical parameters of PIPO have been evaluated. RESULTS Our results revealed that PIPO patients exhibit a MAM with a different composition and with dysbiosis, i.e. with a lower biodiversity and fewer less connected species with a greater number of non-synergistic relationships, compared to controls. qPCR results revealed modifications in the expression of serotonin-related intestinal genes in PIPO patients, when compared to controls. Correlation analysis do not reveal any kind of connection. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, we report in PIPO patients a specific MAM associated to underlying pathology and an altered intestinal serotonin pathway. A possible dysfunction of the serotonin pathway, possibly related to or triggered by an altered microbiota, may contribute to dysmotility in PIPO patients. The results of our pilot study provide the basis for new biomarkers and innovative therapies targeting the microbiota or serotonin pathways in PIPO patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Radocchia
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Microbiology section, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Marazzato
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Microbiology section, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Karim Ben Harbi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Microbiology section, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Capuzzo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Microbiology section, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Pantanella
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Microbiology section, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto De Giorgio
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Matteo Guarino
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Anna Costanzini
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Letizia Zenzeri
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Pediatric Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Paediatric Emergency Department, Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Parisi
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Pediatric Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ferretti
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Pediatric Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Felici
- Unit of Pediatrics, The Children Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Anna Teresa Palamara
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Microbiology section, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Nardo
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Microbiology section, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Serena Schippa
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Microbiology section, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Suswał K, Tomaszewski M, Romaniuk A, Świechowska-Starek P, Zygmunt W, Styczeń A, Romaniuk-Suswał M. Gut-Lung Axis in Focus: Deciphering the Impact of Gut Microbiota on Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. J Pers Med 2023; 14:8. [PMID: 38276223 PMCID: PMC10817474 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in the understanding of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) have highlighted the significant role of the gut microbiota (GM) in its pathogenesis. This comprehensive review delves into the intricate relationship between the GM and PAH, emphasizing the influence of gut microbial composition and the critical metabolites produced. We particularly focus on the dynamic interaction between the gut and lung, examining how microbial dysbiosis contributes to PAH development through inflammation, altered immune responses, and changes in the gut-lung axis. Noteworthy findings include variations in the ratios of key bacterial groups such as Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in PAH and the pivotal roles of metabolites like trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and serotonin in the disease's progression. Additionally, the review elucidates potential diagnostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic approaches, including the use of probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation, which leverage the gut microbiota for managing PAH. This review encapsulates the current state of research in this field, offering insights into the potential of gut microbiota modulation as a promising strategy in PAH diagnosing and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Suswał
- Department of Pulmonology, Alergollogy and Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Michał Tomaszewski
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Romaniuk
- Cardiology Student Scientific Circle, Academy of Silesia, 40-555 Katowice, Poland;
| | | | - Wojciech Zygmunt
- Department of Pulmonology, Alergollogy and Oncology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Styczeń
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Romaniuk-Suswał
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotheraphy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
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11
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Fagundes RR, Bravo-Ruiseco G, Hu S, Kierans SJ, Weersma RK, Taylor CT, Dijkstra G, Harmsen HJM, Faber KN. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii promotes intestinal epithelial IL-18 production through activation of the HIF1α pathway. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1298304. [PMID: 38163085 PMCID: PMC10755969 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1298304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Intestinal epithelial cells produce interleukin-18 (IL-18), a key factor in promoting epithelial barrier integrity. Here, we analyzed the potential role of gut bacteria and the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) pathway in regulating mucosal IL18 expression in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods Mucosal samples from patients with IBD (n = 760) were analyzed for bacterial composition, IL18 levels and HIF1α pathway activation. Wild-type Caco-2 and CRISPR/Cas9-engineered Caco-2-HIF1A-null cells were cocultured with Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in a "Human oxygen-Bacteria anaerobic" in vitro system and analyzed by RNA sequencing. Results Mucosal IL18 mRNA levels correlated positively with the abundance of mucosal-associated butyrate-producing bacteria, in particular F. prausnitzii, and with HIF1α pathway activation in patients with IBD. HIF1α-mediated expression of IL18, either by a pharmacological agonist (dimethyloxallyl glycine) or F. prausnitzii, was abrogated in Caco-2-HIF1A-null cells. Conclusion Butyrate-producing gut bacteria like F. prausnitzii regulate mucosal IL18 expression in a HIF1α-dependent manner that may aid in mucosal healing in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael R. Fagundes
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Gabriela Bravo-Ruiseco
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Shixian Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Sarah J. Kierans
- School of Medicine and Medical Science and the Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rinse K. Weersma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Cormac T. Taylor
- School of Medicine and Medical Science and the Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gerard Dijkstra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Hermie J. M. Harmsen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Klaas Nico Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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12
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Wang M, Liu H, Huang M, Huang Y, Ming Y, Chen W, Chen Y, Tang Z, Jia B. Immunomodulatory functions of microorganisms in tissue regenerative healing. Acta Biomater 2023; 172:38-52. [PMID: 37816417 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
External pathogenic microorganisms and commensal microorganisms in the body have either harmful or beneficial impacts on the regenerative repair of tissues, and the immune system plays a crucial regulatory role in this process. This review summarises our current understanding of microorganism-immune system interactions, with a focus on how these interactions impact the renewal and repair ability of tissues, including skin, bone, gut, liver, and nerves. This review concludes with a discussion of the mechanisms by which microbes act on various types of immune cells to affect tissue regeneration, offers potential strategies for using microbial therapies to enhance the regenerative repair function of tissues, and suggest novel therapeutic approaches for regenerative medicine. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Microbiological communities have crucial impacts on human health and illness by participating in energy collection and storage and performing various metabolic processes. External pathogenic microorganisms and commensal microorganisms in the body have either harmful or beneficial impacts on the regenerative repair of tissues, and the immune system plays a critical regulatory role in this process. This study reviews the important correlation between microorganisms and the immune system and investigates the mechanism of various microorganism that participate in the regeneration and repair of tissues and organs by modulating immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingshu Huang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yisheng Huang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Ming
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weixing Chen
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanxin Chen
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengming Tang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Jia
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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13
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Jotshi A, Sukla KK, Haque MM, Bose C, Varma B, Koppiker CB, Joshi S, Mishra R. Exploring the human microbiome - A step forward for precision medicine in breast cancer. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023; 6:e1877. [PMID: 37539732 PMCID: PMC10644338 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The second most frequent cancer in the world and the most common malignancy in women is breast cancer. Breast cancer is a significant health concern in India with a high mortality-to-incidence ratio and presentation at a younger age. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have identified gut microbiota as a significant factor that can have an influence on the development, treatment, and prognosis of breast cancer. This review article aims to describe the influence of microbial dysbiosis on breast cancer occurrence and the possible interactions between oncobiome and specific breast cancer molecular subtypes. The review further also discusses the role of epigenetics and diet/nutrition in the regulation of the gut and breast microbiome and its association with breast cancer prevention, therapy, and recurrence. Additionally, the recent technological advances in microbiome research, including next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, genome sequencing, single-cell sequencing, and microbial metabolomics along with recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have also been reviewed. This is an attempt to present a comprehensive status of the microbiome as a key cancer biomarker. CONCLUSION We believe that correlating microbiome and carcinogenesis is important as it can provide insights into the mechanisms by which microbial dysbiosis can influence cancer development and progression, leading to the potential use of the microbiome as a tool for prognostication and personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Jotshi
- Centre for Translational Cancer Research: A Joint Initiative of Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune and Prashanti Cancer Care Mission (PCCM)PuneIndia
| | | | | | - Chandrani Bose
- Life Sciences R&D, TCS Research, Tata Consultancy Services LimitedPuneIndia
| | - Binuja Varma
- TCS Genomics Lab, Tata Consultancy Services LimitedNew DelhiIndia
| | - C. B. Koppiker
- Centre for Translational Cancer Research: A Joint Initiative of Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune and Prashanti Cancer Care Mission (PCCM)PuneIndia
- Prashanti Cancer Care Mission, Pune, India and Orchids Breast Health Centre, a PCCM initiativePuneIndia
| | - Sneha Joshi
- Centre for Translational Cancer Research: A Joint Initiative of Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune and Prashanti Cancer Care Mission (PCCM)PuneIndia
| | - Rupa Mishra
- Centre for Translational Cancer Research: A Joint Initiative of Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune and Prashanti Cancer Care Mission (PCCM)PuneIndia
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14
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Molani-Gol R, Rafraf M. Maternal vitamin D in pregnancy and infant's gut microbiota: a systematic review. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1248517. [PMID: 37915988 PMCID: PMC10617198 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1248517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An infant's gut microbiome plays a vital role in their health, and various factors can impact their gut microbiota composition. This review aimed to summarize the current knowledge regarding the associations between maternal prenatal supplementation with vitamin D and the composition of infants' gut microbiota. Method A comprehensive systematic search was done on Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases without date restrictions until December 2022 using relevant keywords. All relevant original articles in English were eligible for the present review. Results Eight articles (two mice, three randomized clinical trials, and three cohort studies) were included in this review. The included mice studies reported that maternal prenatal vitamin D supplementation significantly affects the offspring's gut microbiome composition (such as enhancing the abundance of colonic Bacteroides). Moreover, the included cohort studies revealed a significant association between maternal supplementation with vitamin D during pregnancy and the infant's gut microbiome. However, one-third of clinical trials indicated that vitamin D levels in utero could influence the colonization of the microbial community in the infant's gut. Conclusion The findings of this review revealed that maternal vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy was linked to an infant's gut microbiome and could impact their gut microbiota composition. However, more studies are warranted to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghayeh Molani-Gol
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Rafraf
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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15
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Lee SY, Kim JH, Lee DY, Hur SJ. Characterization of gut microbiota in mouse models of aging and sarcopenia. Microbiol Res 2023; 275:127462. [PMID: 37473669 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota play vital roles in the maintenance of human health and in various diseases. We aimed to investigate the association of gut microbiota with aging and sarcopenia. This study contained two experimental designs using the ICR mouse model for 1) determining the association between aging and gut microbiota (by analyzing murine fecal samples) and 2) determining the association between sarcopenia and gut microbiota in mice treated with microorganisms or dexamethasone. The composition of the gut microbiota was determined by next-generation sequencing. Marginally significant differences were observed in taxon composition of the gut microbiota depending on age; particularly, the abundance of the genusAlistipes increased with increasing age. In addition, the abundance of the class Bacteroidia decreased with increasing age, whereas that of the genus Oscillibacter increased. The microbiome composition differed between young mice and aging mice with sarcopenia. Moreover, the gut microbiota in aging and sarcopenia showed altered abundances of Alistipes, Lachnospiraceae, and Bacteroides. Although the sample size was small, these results point to similarities in the gut microbiota between aging and sarcopenia and to differences between young and old individuals. The results on gut microbiota obtained in this study form a basis for studying the development of sarcopenia in geriatric animal models in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Yun Lee
- Division of Animal Science, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyuk Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Young Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-daero, Daedeok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jin Hur
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-daero, Daedeok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Nagakubo D, Kaibori Y. Oral Microbiota: The Influences and Interactions of Saliva, IgA, and Dietary Factors in Health and Disease. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2307. [PMID: 37764151 PMCID: PMC10535076 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in metagenomic analyses have made it easier to analyze microbiota. The microbiota, a symbiotic community of microorganisms including bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses within a specific environment in tissues such as the digestive tract and skin, has a complex relationship with the host. Recent studies have revealed that microbiota composition and balance particularly affect the health of the host and the onset of disease. Influences such as diet, food preferences, and sanitation play crucial roles in microbiota composition. The oral cavity is where the digestive tract directly communicates with the outside. Stable temperature and humidity provide optimal growth environments for many bacteria. However, the oral cavity is a unique environment that is susceptible to pH changes, salinity, food nutrients, and external pathogens. Recent studies have emphasized the importance of the oral microbiota, as changes in bacterial composition and balance could contribute to the development of systemic diseases. This review focuses on saliva, IgA, and fermented foods because they play critical roles in maintaining the oral bacterial environment by regulating its composition and balance. More attention should be paid to the oral microbiota and its regulatory factors in oral and systemic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Nagakubo
- Division of Health and Hygienic Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Himeji Dokkyo University, 7-2-1 Kamiohno, Himeji 670-8524, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Kaibori
- Division of Health and Hygienic Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Himeji Dokkyo University, 7-2-1 Kamiohno, Himeji 670-8524, Hyogo, Japan
- Laboratory of Analytics for Biomolecules, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata-shi 573-0101, Osaka, Japan;
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17
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Datta N, Johnson C, Kao D, Gurnani P, Alexander C, Polytarchou C, Monaghan TM. MicroRNA-based therapeutics for inflammatory disorders of the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Pharmacol Res 2023; 194:106870. [PMID: 37499702 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
An emerging but less explored shared pathophysiology across microbiota-gut-brain axis disorders is aberrant miRNA expression, which may represent novel therapeutic targets. miRNAs are small, endogenous non-coding RNAs that are important transcriptional repressors of gene expression. Most importantly, they regulate the integrity of the intestinal epithelial and blood-brain barriers and serve as an important communication channel between the gut microbiome and the host. A well-defined understanding of the mode of action, therapeutic strategies and delivery mechanisms of miRNAs is pivotal in translating the clinical applications of miRNA-based therapeutics. Accumulating evidence links disorders of the microbiota-gut-brain axis with a compromised gut-blood-brain-barrier, causing gut contents such as immune cells and microbiota to enter the bloodstream leading to low-grade systemic inflammation. This has the potential to affect all organs, including the brain, causing central inflammation and the development of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. In this review, we have examined in detail miRNA biogenesis, strategies for therapeutic application, delivery mechanisms, as well as their pathophysiology and clinical applications in inflammatory gut-brain disorders. The research data in this review was drawn from the following databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, and Clinicaltrials.gov. With increasing evidence of the pathophysiological importance for miRNAs in microbiota-gut-brain axis disorders, therapeutic targeting of cross-regulated miRNAs in these disorders displays potentially transformative and translational potential. Further preclinical research and human clinical trials are required to further advance this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Datta
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Charlotte Johnson
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Dina Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Pratik Gurnani
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics & Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Cameron Alexander
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics & Formulation, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Christos Polytarchou
- Department of Biosciences, John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, School of Science & Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Tanya M Monaghan
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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18
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刘 晨, 李 育, 董 振, 张 森, 皇 甫, 韩 悦, 常 淼. [Progress in the relationship between head and neck squamous cell carcinom and the microbial community]. LIN CHUANG ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD, AND NECK SURGERY 2023; 37:498-502. [PMID: 37253529 PMCID: PMC10495794 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2023.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms are one of the important factors which maintain the homeostasis of human health. Despite recent advances, the relationship between microorganisms and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is still unclear, and the impact of microorganisms on the incidence and prognosis of HNSCC cannot be neglected. Therefore, this article provides a systematic and comprehensive review summarizing the epidemiological evidence of microbial dysbiosis related to HNSCC and discusses the associations between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- 晨阳 刘
- 山西医科大学(太原,030001)Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - 育军 李
- 山西医科大学第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University
| | - 振 董
- 山西医科大学第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University
| | - 森 张
- 山西医科大学第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University
| | - 甫辉 皇
- 山西医科大学第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University
| | - 悦 韩
- 山西医科大学(太原,030001)Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - 淼 常
- 山西医科大学(太原,030001)Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
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Kamenov Z, Gateva A, Dinicola S, Unfer V. Comparing the Efficacy of Myo-Inositol Plus α-Lactalbumin vs. Myo-Inositol Alone on Reproductive and Metabolic Disturbances of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Metabolites 2023; 13:717. [PMID: 37367875 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the beneficial effect of myo-inositol on metabolic, hormonal, and reproductive parameters of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients, 28% to 38% could be resistant to this treatment. The combination with the milk protein α-lactalbumin can be a useful therapeutic approach to overcome inositol resistance and achieve ovulation in these women. This open-label prospective study aimed to compare the effects of supplementing myo-inositol plus α-lactalbumin vs myo-inositol alone on reproductive and metabolic abnormalities in PCOS. A total of 50 anovulatory women with a PCOS diagnosis were randomly assigned to receive myo-inositol alone or a combination of myo-inositol and α-lactalbumin for three months. Anthropometric measures, hormonal levels, and menstrual cycle duration were collected at baseline and after treatment. The therapy with myo-inositol plus α-lactalbumin improved both ovulation rate and menstrual cycle duration more than myo-inositol alone. The body weight was significantly reduced in women receiving myo-inositol plus α-lactalbumin, while patients in the myo-inositol group experienced no change. In addition, the improvement of hyperandrogenism was more prominent in patients treated with myo-inositol plus α-lactalbumin. The benefits of associating myo-inositol and α-lactalbumin clearly make this combination a true edge in the management of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdravko Kamenov
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Clinic of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
- The Experts Group on Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research (EGOI), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antoaneta Gateva
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Clinic of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Simona Dinicola
- The Experts Group on Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research (EGOI), 00161 Rome, Italy
- Systems Biology Group Lab, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Vittorio Unfer
- The Experts Group on Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research (EGOI), 00161 Rome, Italy
- Systems Biology Group Lab, 00161 Rome, Italy
- UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy
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20
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Lyra P, Machado V, Rota S, Chaudhuri KR, Botelho J, Mendes JJ. Revisiting Alpha-Synuclein Pathways to Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087137. [PMID: 37108299 PMCID: PMC10138587 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) is a short presynaptic protein with an active role on synaptic vesicle traffic and the neurotransmitter release and reuptake cycle. The α-Syn pathology intertwines with the formation of Lewy Bodies (multiprotein intraneuronal aggregations), which, combined with inflammatory events, define various α-synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD). In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on α-Syn mechanistic pathways to inflammation, as well as the eventual role of microbial dysbiosis on α-Syn. Furthermore, we explore the possible influence of inflammatory mitigation on α-Syn. In conclusion, and given the rising burden of neurodegenerative disorders, it is pressing to clarify the pathophysiological processes underlying α-synucleinopathies, in order to consider the mitigation of existing low-grade chronic inflammatory states as a potential pathway toward the management and prevention of such conditions, with the aim of starting to search for concrete clinical recommendations in this particular population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Lyra
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health and Science, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health and Science, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - Silvia Rota
- Department of Basic & Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
- Parkinson's Foundation Center of Excellence, King's College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK
| | - Kallol Ray Chaudhuri
- Department of Basic & Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
- Parkinson's Foundation Center of Excellence, King's College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK
| | - João Botelho
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health and Science, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health and Science, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, CiiEM, Egas Moniz-Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, Caparica, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal
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21
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Heni AC, Fackelmann G, Eibner G, Kreinert S, Schmid J, Schwensow NI, Wiegand J, Wilhelm K, Sommer S. Wildlife gut microbiomes of sympatric generalist species respond differently to anthropogenic landscape disturbances. Anim Microbiome 2023; 5:22. [PMID: 37024947 PMCID: PMC10080760 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-023-00237-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human encroachment into nature and the accompanying environmental changes are a big concern for wildlife biodiversity and health. While changes on the macroecological scale, i.e. species community and abundance pattern, are well documented, impacts on the microecological scale, such as the host's microbial community, remain understudied. Particularly, it is unclear if impacts of anthropogenic landscape modification on wildlife gut microbiomes are species-specific. Of special interest are sympatric, generalist species, assumed to be more resilient to environmental changes and which often are well-known pathogen reservoirs and drivers of spill-over events. Here, we analyzed the gut microbiome of three such sympatric, generalist species, one rodent (Proechimys semispinosus) and two marsupials (Didelphis marsupialis and Philander opossum), captured in 28 study sites in four different landscapes in Panama characterized by different degrees of anthropogenic disturbance. RESULTS Our results show species-specific gut microbial responses to the same landscape disturbances. The gut microbiome of P. semispinosus was less diverse and more heterogeneous in landscapes with close contact with humans, where it contained bacterial taxa associated with humans, their domesticated animals, and potential pathogens. The gut microbiome of D. marsupialis showed similar patterns, but only in the most disturbed landscape. P. opossum, in contrast, showed little gut microbial changes, however, this species' absence in the most fragmented landscapes indicates its sensitivity to long-term isolation. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that wildlife gut microbiomes even in generalist species with a large ecological plasticity are impacted by human encroachment into nature, but differ in resilience which can have critical implications on conservation efforts and One Health strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Christoph Heni
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama.
| | - Gloria Fackelmann
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Georg Eibner
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Swetlana Kreinert
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Julian Schmid
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Ancón, Republic of Panama
| | - Nina Isabell Schwensow
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jonas Wiegand
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kerstin Wilhelm
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Simone Sommer
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
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22
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Guimarães VHD, Marinho BM, Motta-Santos D, Mendes GDRL, Santos SHS. Nutritional implications in the mechanistic link between the intestinal microbiome, renin-angiotensin system, and the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 113:109252. [PMID: 36509338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic disorders represent a significant global health problem and the gut microbiota plays an important role in modulating systemic homeostasis. Recent evidence shows that microbiota and its signaling pathways may affect the whole metabolism and the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS), which in turn seems to modify microbiota. The present review aimed to investigate nutritional implications in the mechanistic link between the intestinal microbiome, renin-angiotensin system, and the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome components. A description of metabolic changes was obtained based on relevant scientific literature. The molecular and physiological mechanisms that impact the human microbiome were addressed, including the gut microbiota associated with obesity, diabetes, and hepatic steatosis. The RAS interaction signaling and modulation were analyzed. Strategies including the use of prebiotics, symbiotics, probiotics, and biotechnology may affect the gut microbiota and its impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hugo Dantas Guimarães
- Laboratory of Health Science, Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Barbhara Mota Marinho
- Laboratory of Health Science, Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daisy Motta-Santos
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Occupational Therapy - EEFFTO, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gabriela da Rocha Lemos Mendes
- Food Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Sciences (ICA), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Henrique Sousa Santos
- Laboratory of Health Science, Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Food Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Sciences (ICA), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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23
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Su Y, Liang J, Zhang M, Zhao M, Xie X, Wang X, Pan Z, Huang S, Yan R, Wang Q, Zhou L, Luo X. Wogonin regulates colonocyte metabolism via PPARγ to inhibit Enterobacteriaceae against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. Phytother Res 2023; 37:872-884. [PMID: 36451541 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the potential effects and mechanism of wogonin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, 70 male mice were administered wogonin (12.5, 25, 50 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 , i.g.) for 10 days, meanwhile, in order to induce colitis, the mice were free to drink 3% DSS for 6 days. We found that wogonin could obviously ameliorate DSS-induced colitis, including preventing colon shortening and inhibiting pathological damage. In addition, wogonin could increase the expression of PPARγ, which not only restores intestinal epithelial hypoxia but also inhibits iNOS protein to reduce intestinal nitrite levels. All these effects facilitated a reduction in the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in DSS-induced colitis mice. Therefore, compared with the DSS group, the number of Enterobacteriaceae in the intestinal flora was significantly reduced after administration of wogonin or rosiglitazone by 16s rDNA technology. We also verified that wogonin could promote the expression of PPARγ mRNA and protein in Caco-2 cells, and this effect disappeared when PPARγ signal was inhibited. In conclusion, our study suggested that wogonin can activate the PPARγ signal of the Intestinal epithelium to ameliorate the Intestinal inflammation caused by Enterobacteriaceae bacteria expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueqian Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zengfeng Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaowei Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lian Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Murali A, Zickgraf FM, Ternes P, Giri V, Cameron HJ, Sperber S, Haake V, Driemert P, Kamp H, Weyer DF, Sturla SJ, Rietjens IMGM, van Ravenzwaay B. Gut Microbiota as Well as Metabolomes of Wistar Rats Recover within Two Weeks after Doripenem Antibiotic Treatment. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020533. [PMID: 36838498 PMCID: PMC9959319 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
An understanding of the changes in gut microbiome composition and its associated metabolic functions is important to assess the potential implications thereof on host health. Thus, to elucidate the connection between the gut microbiome and the fecal and plasma metabolomes, two poorly bioavailable carbapenem antibiotics (doripenem and meropenem), were administered in a 28-day oral study to male and female Wistar rats. Additionally, the recovery of the gut microbiome and metabolomes in doripenem-exposed rats were studied one and two weeks after antibiotic treatment (i.e., doripenem-recovery groups). The 16S bacterial community analysis revealed an altered microbial population in all antibiotic treatments and a recovery of bacterial diversity in the doripenem-recovery groups. A similar pattern was observed in the fecal metabolomes of treated animals. In the recovery group, particularly after one week, an over-compensation was observed in fecal metabolites, as they were significantly changed in the opposite direction compared to previously changed metabolites upon 28 days of antibiotic exposure. Key plasma metabolites known to be diagnostic of antibiotic-induced microbial shifts, including indole derivatives, hippuric acid, and bile acids were also affected by the two carbapenems. Moreover, a unique increase in the levels of indole-3-acetic acid in plasma following meropenem treatment was observed. As was observed for the fecal metabolome, an overcompensation of plasma metabolites was observed in the recovery group. The data from this study provides insights into the connectivity of the microbiome and fecal and plasma metabolomes and demonstrates restoration post-antibiotic treatment not only for the microbiome but also for the metabolomes. The importance of overcompensation reactions for health needs further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Murali
- BASF SE, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (B.v.R.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Volker Haake
- BASF Metabolome Solutions GmbH, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Hennicke Kamp
- BASF Metabolome Solutions GmbH, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Shana J. Sturla
- ETH Zürich, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Bennard van Ravenzwaay
- Department of Toxicology, Wageningen University & Research, 6703 HE Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (B.v.R.)
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25
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Nam SJ, Kim DW, Lee SH, Koo OK. Assessment of Microbial Source Tracking Marker and Fecal Indicator Bacteria on Food-Contact Surfaces in School Cafeterias. J Food Prot 2023; 86:100035. [PMID: 36916577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2022.100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Food poisoning outbreaks in schools can affect many students, causing physical and psychological damage and time and economic loss. Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) have been used to monitor the contamination; however, the detection is time-consuming and confirms the contamination from all warm-blooded animals. Microbial source tracking (MST) is a molecular-based detection method that is host specific. This study aimed to evaluate MSTs and FIBs for tracing contamination in the school cafeteria. The average total aerobic count was 0.89 to 3.63 log CFU/100 cm2, and the faucets in the cooking area showed a significantly high aerobic count. The stove valve, faucet, and hand-washer were the most contaminated area, with a concentration of 1.90 to 6.80 log CFU/100 cm2 from the frequent hand contact. Escherichia coli was not detected on any surfaces, and coliform was detected on five surfaces: the sink and faucet in the food preparation area, the faucet in the cooking area, the hand-washer, and the toilet seat in the restroom with 0.33 to 3.64 log CFU/100 cm2. Human-specific crAssphage appeared on a faucet in the food preparation area, while HF183 was not detected. The result indicates that the continuous monitoring of frequent hand-contact areas is recommended to maintain the hygiene condition in the school cafeteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Nam
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Woo Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hun Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Kyung Koo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Singh DP, Yadav SK, Patel K, Patel S, Patil GP, Bijalwan V, Singh G, Palkhade R, Kondepudi KK, Boparai RK, Bishnoi M, Das S. Short-term trivalent arsenic and hexavalent chromium exposures induce gut dysbiosis and transcriptional alteration in adipose tissue of mice. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1033-1044. [PMID: 36383337 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07992-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inorganic arsenic [As(III)] and hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] can potentially affect metabolic functions. These heavy metal(s)/metalloids can also affect the gut microbial architecture which affects metabolic health. Here, we assessed the effects of short-term exposure of As(III) and Cr(VI) on key transcription factors in adipose tissues and on selected gut microbial abundances to understand the possible modulatory role of these toxicants on host metabolic health. METHODS AND RESULTS qRT-PCR based relative bacterial abundance studies in cecal samples, gene expression analysis for gut wall integrity in ileum and colon and adipogenesis, lipolysis, and thermogenic genes in gonadal white and brown adipose tissue (gWAT and BAT), along with tissue oxidative stress parameters have been performed. As(III) and Cr(VI) exposure reduced beneficial Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria, Akkermansia, Lachenospiraceae, Fecalibacterium, Eubacterium, and clostridium coccoid group while increasing lipopolysaccharides producing Enterobacteriaceae abundances. It also impaired structural features and expression of key tight junction and mucin production genes in ileum and colon (Cld-2, Cld-4, ZO-1, ZO-2, MUC-2 and - 4). In gWAT it inhibited adipogenesis (PPARγ, FASN, SREBP1a), lipolysis (HSL, ACOX-1), and thermogenesis (UCP-1, PGC1a, PRDM-16, PPARa) related genes expression, whereas in BAT, it enhanced adipogenesis and reduced thermogenesis. These exposures also reduces the endogenous antioxidants levels in these tissues and promote pro-inflammatory cytokines genes expression (TLRs, IL-6, MCP-1). The combinatorial exposure appears to have more deleterious effects. CONCLUSION These effects of As(III) and Cr(VI) may not directly be linked to their known toxicological effects, instead, more intriguing crosstalk with gut microbial ecosystem hold the key.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhirendra Pratap Singh
- Division of Biological Sciences, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India.
| | - Shiv Kumar Yadav
- Division of Biological Sciences, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India
| | - Keya Patel
- Department of Biological and Lifesciences, School of arts and sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India
| | - Shirali Patel
- Department of Biological and Lifesciences, School of arts and sciences, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India
| | - Gajanan Pratap Patil
- Division of Biological Sciences, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India
| | - Vandana Bijalwan
- Division of Biological Sciences, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India
| | - Gyanendra Singh
- Division of Biological Sciences, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India
| | - Rajendra Palkhade
- Division of Biological Sciences, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India
| | - Kanthi Kiran Kondepudi
- Department of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-food Biotechnology Institute, Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140603, India
| | - Ravneet Kaur Boparai
- Department of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-food Biotechnology Institute, Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140603, India
| | - Mahendra Bishnoi
- Department of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, National Agri-food Biotechnology Institute, Knowledge City-Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140603, India
| | - Santasabuj Das
- Division of Biological Sciences, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghani Nagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380016, India.
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27
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Poimenidou SV, Skarveli A, Saxami G, Mitsou EK, Kotsou M, Kyriacou A. Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes Growth, Adherence and Invasion in Caco-2 Cells by Potential Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Fecal Samples of Healthy Neonates. Microorganisms 2023; 11:363. [PMID: 36838329 PMCID: PMC9959105 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from healthy humans may prove an effective tool against pathogen growth, adherence and invasion in intestinal epithelial cells. This study aimed to evaluate the antilisterial properties of LAB isolated from fecal samples of healthy neonates. Forty-five LAB strains were tested for their antimicrobial activity against ten Listeria monocytogenes strains with spot-on-lawn and agar-well diffusion assays, and ten lactobacilli strains were further assessed for their inhibitory effect against adherence and invasion of Caco-2 cells by L. monocytogenes EGDe. Inhibition was estimated in competition, exclusion or displacement assays, where lactobacilli and L. monocytogenes were added to Caco-2 monolayers simultaneously or 1 h apart from each other. Inhibition of L. monocytogenes growth was only displayed with the spot-on-lawn assay; cell-free supernatants of lactobacilli were not effective against the pathogen. Lactobacillus (L.) paragasseri LDD-C1 and L. crispatus LCR-A21 were able to adhere to Caco-2 cells at significantly higher levels than the reference strain L. rhamnosus GG. The adherence of L. monocytogenes to Caco-2 cells was reduced by 20.8% to 62.1% and invasion by 33.5% to 63.1% during competition, which was more effective compared to the exclusion and displacement assays. These findings demonstrate that lactobacilli isolated from neonatal feces could be considered a good candidate against L. monocytogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Adamantini Kyriacou
- Laboratory of Biology, Biochemistry, Physiology and Microbiology, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17671 Athens, Greece
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28
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Lo Presti A, Del Chierico F, Altomare A, Zorzi F, Monteleone G, Putignani L, Angeletti S, Cicala M, Guarino MPL, Ciccozzi M. Phylogenetic analysis of Prevotella copri from fecal and mucosal microbiota of IBS and IBD patients. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2023; 16:17562848221136328. [PMID: 36644130 PMCID: PMC9837282 DOI: 10.1177/17562848221136328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevotella copri is the most abundant member of the genus Prevotella that inhabits the human large intestines. Evidences correlated the increase in Prevotella abundance to inflammatory disorders, suggesting a pathobiont role. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the phylogenetic dynamics of P. copri in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and in healthy volunteers (CTRL). DESIGN A phylogenetic approach was used to characterize 64 P. copri 16S rRNA sequences, selected from a metagenomic database of fecal and mucosal samples from 52 patients affected by IBD, 44 by IBS and 59 healthy. METHODS Phylogenetic reconstructions were carried out using the maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian methods. RESULTS Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree applied onto reference and data sets, assigned all the reads to P. copri clade, in agreement with the taxonomic classification previously obtained. The longer mean genetic distances were observed for both the couples IBD and CTRL and IBD and IBS, respect to the distance between IBS and CTRL, for fecal samples. The intra-group mean genetic distance increased going from IBS to CTRLs to IBD, indicating elevated genetic variability within IBD of P. copri sequences. None clustering based on the tissue inflammation or on the disease status was evidenced, leading to infer that the variability seemed to not be influenced by concomitant diseases, disease phenotypes or tissue inflammation. Moreover, patients with IBS appeared colonized by different strains of P. copri. In IBS, a correlation between isolates and disease grading was observed. CONCLUSION The characterization of P. copri phylogeny is relevant to better understand the interactions between microbiota and pathophysiology of IBD and IBS, especially for future development of therapies based on microbes (e.g. probiotics and synbiotics), to restore the microbiota in these bowel diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Annamaria Altomare
- Research Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Zorzi
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Monteleone
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenza Putignani
- Department of Diagnostic and Laboratory Medicine, Unit of microbiology and diagnostic immunology, Unit of microbiomics and Multimodal Laboratory Medicine Research Area, Unit of Human Microbiome, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Angeletti
- Unit of Clinical Laboratory Science, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy,Unit of Clinical Laboratory Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Cicala
- Research Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, Roma, Italy,Operative Research Unit of Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo, Roma, Italy
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29
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The impact of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria of the gut microbiota in hyperuricemia and gout diagnosis. Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:203-214. [PMID: 36201123 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-022-06392-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES Persistent hyperuricemia is a key factor in gout; however, only 13.5% of hyperuricemic individuals manifest the disease. The gut microbiota could be one of the many factors underlying this phenomenon. We aimed to assess the difference in taxonomic and predicted functional profiles of the gut microbiota between asymptomatic hyperuricemia (AH) individuals and gout patients. METHODS The V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene of the gut microbiota of AH individuals, gout patients, and controls was sequenced. Bioinformatic analyses were carried out with QIIME2 and phyloseq to determine the difference in the relative abundance of bacterial genera among the study groups. Tax4fun2 was used to predict the functional profile of the gut microbiota. RESULTS AH individuals presented a higher abundance of butyrate- and propionate-producing bacteria than gout patients; however, the latter had more bacteria capable of producing acetate. The abundance of Prevotella genus bacteria was not significantly different between the patients but was higher than that in controls. This result was corroborated by the functional profile, in which AH individuals had less pyruvate oxidase abundance than gout patients and less abundance of an enzyme that regulates glutamate synthetase activation than controls. CONCLUSION We observed a distinctive taxonomic profile in AH individuals characterized by a higher abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria in comparison to those observed in gout patients. Furthermore, we provide scientific evidence that indicates that the gut microbiota of AH individuals could provide anti-inflammatory mediators, which prevent the appearance of gout flares. Key Points • AH and gout patients both have a higher abundance of Prevotella genus bacteria than controls. • AH individuals' gut microbiota had more butyrate- and propionate-producing bacteria than gout patients. • The gut microbiome of AH individuals provides anti-inflammatory mediators that could prevent gout flares.
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30
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Gil JC, Hird SM. Multiomics Characterization of the Canada Goose Fecal Microbiome Reveals Selective Efficacy of Simulated Metagenomes. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0238422. [PMID: 36318011 PMCID: PMC9769641 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02384-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
16S rRNA amplicon sequences are predominantly used to identify the taxonomic composition of a microbiome, but they can also be used to generate simulated metagenomes to circumvent costly empirical shotgun sequencing. The effectiveness of using "simulated metagenomes" (shotgun metagenomes simulated from 16S rRNA amplicons using a database of full genomes closely related to the amplicons) in nonmodel systems is poorly known. We sought to determine the accuracy of simulated metagenomes in a nonmodel organism, the Canada goose (Branta canadensis), by comparing metagenomes and metatranscriptomes to simulated metagenomes derived from 16S amplicon sequencing. We found significant differences between the metagenomes, metatranscriptomes, and simulated metagenomes when comparing enzymes, KEGG orthologies (KO), and metabolic pathways. The simulated metagenomes accurately identified the majority (>70%) of the total enzymes, KOs, and pathways. The simulated metagenomes accurately identified the majority of the short-chain fatty acid metabolic pathways crucial to folivores. When narrowed in scope to specific genes of interest, the simulated metagenomes overestimated the number of antimicrobial resistance genes and underestimated the number of genes related to the breakdown of plant matter. Our results suggest that simulated metagenomes should not be used in lieu of empirical sequencing when studying the functional potential of a nonmodel organism's microbiome. Regarding the function of the Canada goose microbiome, we found unexpected amounts of fermentation pathways, and we found that a few taxa are responsible for large portions of the functional potential of the microbiome. IMPORTANCE The taxonomic composition of a microbiome is predominately identified using amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA genes, but as a single marker, it cannot identify functions (genes). Metagenome and metatranscriptome sequencing can determine microbiome function but can be cost prohibitive. Therefore, computational methods have been developed to generate simulated metagenomes derived from 16S rRNA sequences and databases of full-length genomes. Simulated metagenomes can be an effective alternative to empirical sequencing, but accuracy depends on the genomic database used and whether the database contains organisms closely related to the 16S sequences. These tools are effective in well-studied systems, but the accuracy of these predictions in a nonmodel system is less known. Using a nonmodel bird species, we characterized the function of the microbiome and compared the accuracy of 16S-derived simulated metagenomes to sequenced metagenomes. We found that the simulated metagenomes reflect most but not all functions of empirical metagenome sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua C. Gil
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sarah M. Hird
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
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Spraying compound probiotics improves growth performance and immunity and modulates gut microbiota and blood metabolites of suckling piglets. SCIENCE CHINA LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 66:1092-1107. [PMID: 36543996 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2229-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
One factor that shapes the establishment of early neonatal intestinal microbiota is environmental microbial exposure, and probiotic application has been shown to promote health and growth of piglets. Thus, this study hypothesized that environmental probiotic application in early days of life would be beneficial to newborn piglets. This study aimed to investigate the effect of spraying a compound probiotic fermented liquid (CPFL) into the living environment of piglets on their early growth performance and immunity. This work included 68 piglets, which were randomized into probiotic and control groups. Blood and fecal samples were collected at 0, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days of age. Spraying CPFL significantly reshaped the microbiota composition of the delivery room environment, increased piglets' daily weight gain and weaning weight (P<0.001), and modulated piglets' serum cytokine levels (increases in IgA, IgG, and IL-10; decrease in IFN-γ; P<0.05 in each case) in piglets. Additionally, spraying CPFL during early days of life modified piglets' gut microbiota structure and diversity, increased the abundance of some potentially beneficial bacteria (such as Bacteroides uniformis, Butyricimonas virosa, Parabacteroides distasonis, and Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens) and decreased the abundance of Escherichia coli (P<0.05). Interestingly, CPFL application also significantly enhanced the gut microbial bioactive potential and levels of several serum metabolites involved in the metabolism of vitamins (B2, B3, B6, and E), medium/long-chain fatty acids (caproic, tetradecanoic, and peptadecanoic acids), and dicarboxylic acids (azelaic and sebacic acids). Our study demonstrated that spraying CPFL significantly could improve piglets' growth performance and immunity, and the beneficial effects are associated with changes in the gut microbiota and host metabolism. Our study has provided novel data for future development of probiotic-based health-promoting strategies and expanded our knowledge of probiotic application in animal husbandry.
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Chen B, Collen LV, Mowat C, Isaacs KL, Singh S, Kane SV, Farraye FA, Snapper S, Jneid H, Lavie CJ, Krittanawong C, Krittanawong C. Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Cardiovascular Diseases. Am J Med 2022; 135:1453-1460. [PMID: 36058305 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging data showed patients with chronic inflammatory disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease, are more likely to develop atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. This article aims to review the evidence of those associations. METHODS PubMed was searched from inception to January 2022 using the keywords, including inflammatory bowel diseases, Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease, cardiovascular disease, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and premature coronary artery disease. Relevant literature, including retrospective/prospective cohort studies, clinical trials, meta-analyses, and guidelines, were reviewed and summarized. RESULTS Both ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular accidents, premature coronary artery disease, and atrial fibrillation. Ulcerative colitis is associated with an increased risk of heart failure. The increased atrial fibrillation occurred during inflammatory bowel disease flares and persistent activity but not during periods of remission. Hypotheses for the mechanism underlying the association of inflammatory bowel disease and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases include shared risk factors (ie, obesity, diabetes, smoking, diet) and pathophysiology (gut microbiome dysfunction) or adverse effects from inflammatory bowel disease itself or its treatment (ie, chronic inflammation, dyslipidemia, thrombocytosis, steroids). CONCLUSION Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. A multidisciplinary team with gastroenterologists and cardiologists is needed to optimize the care for patients with inflammatory bowel disease and associated cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Penn
| | - Lauren V Collen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Craig Mowat
- Gastrointestinal Unit, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Kim L Isaacs
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Siddharth Singh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Sunanda V Kane
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Francis A Farraye
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Fla
| | - Scott Snapper
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Hani Jneid
- John Sealy Distinguished Centennial Chair in Cardiology, Chief, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Houston
| | - Carl J Lavie
- John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School, University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, La
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Emerging insights between gut microbiome dysbiosis and Parkinson's disease: Pathogenic and clinical relevance. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 82:101759. [PMID: 36243356 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complicated neurodegenerative disease, of which gastrointestinal disturbance appears prior to motor symptoms. Numerous studies have shed light on the roles of gastrointestinal tract and its neural connection to brain in PD pathology. In the past decades, the fields of microbiology and neuroscience have become ever more entwined. The emergence of gut microbiome has been considered as one of the key regulators of gut-brain function. With the advent of multi-omics sequencing techniques, gut microbiome of PD patients has been shown unique characteristics. The resident gut microbiota can exert considerable effects in PD and there are suggestions of a link between gut microbiome dysbiosis and PD progression. In this review, we summarize the latest progresses of gut microbiome dysbiosis in PD pathogenesis, further highlight the clinical relevance of gut microbiota and its metabolites in both the non-motor and motor symptoms of PD. Furthermore, we draw attention to the complex interplay between gut microbiota and PD drugs, with the purpose of improving drug efficacy and prescription accordingly. Further studies at specific strain level and longitudinal prospective clinical trials using optimized methods are still needed for the development of diagnostic markers and novel therapeutic regimens for PD.
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Bist P, Choudhary S. Impact of Heavy Metal Toxicity on the Gut Microbiota and Its Relationship with Metabolites and Future Probiotics Strategy: a Review. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:5328-5350. [PMID: 34994948 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota has a vital role in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. Several studies have revealed that environmental exposure to pollutants such as heavy metals may contribute to the progression of extensive list of diseases which may further lead to perturbations in the gut leading to dysbiosis. This manuscript critically reviews the alterations in the gut microbiota composition and function upon exposure to various toxic heavy metals prevalent in the environment. The disturbance in gut microbial ecology also affects the microbial metabolic profile which may alter the speciation state and bioavailability heavy metals thus affecting metal uptake-absorption/detoxification mechanisms associated to heavy metal metabolism. The toxic effects of various heavy metals either in single or in multimetallic combination and the gut microbiota associated host health and disease condition need a comprehensive assessment with important consideration for therapeutic and protective strategies against the damage to gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Bist
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Sangeeta Choudhary
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, 304022, India.
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Polidori I, Marullo L, Ialongo C, Tomassetti F, Colombo R, di Gaudio F, Calugi G, Marrone G, Noce A, Bernardini S, Broccolo F, Pieri M. Characterization of Gut Microbiota Composition in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Population-Based Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192315913. [PMID: 36497987 PMCID: PMC9740005 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: A clinical laboratory index to assess gut dysbiosis is the F/B ratio < 0.8. In fact, an elevated proportion of Firmicutes and a reduced population of Bacteroides in diabetes type 2 (T2D) subjects has been observed. This study aimed to detail the dysbiosis status in the Italian population, focusing on some pathogenic spectra (T2D) or metabolic disorders. (2) Material and methods: A quantity of 334 fecal samples was analyzed in order to perform genetic testing and sequencing. (3) Results: A trend in over imbalance was observed in the percentage of Proteobacteria (median value: 6.75%; interquartile range (IQR): 3.57−17.29%). A statistically significant association (χ2p = 0.033) was observed between type of dysbiosis and T2D, corresponding to an Odds Ratio (OR) of 1.86. It was noted that females with cystitis/candidiasis are significantly prevalent in T2D patients (p < 0.01; OR: 3.59; 95% CI: 1.43−8.99). Although, in non-diabetic males, a sugar craving is significantly associated with the rate of dysbiosis in non-diabetic males (p < 0.05; OR 1.07; 95% CI 1.00−1.16). (4) Conclusion: In T2D patients, the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio was biased in favor of Proteobacteria, to be expected due to the nutritional habits of the patients. Thus, T2D females had altered gut permeability favoring the development of infections in the vaginal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Polidori
- Lifebrain srl Cerba Healthcare, Guidonia Montecelio, 190/A Viale Roma, 00012 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Marullo
- Lifebrain Nocera Cerba Healthcare, 84014 Nocera Inferiore, Italy
| | - Cristiano Ialongo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Flaminia Tomassetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Colombo
- Lifebrain srl Cerba Healthcare, Guidonia Montecelio, 190/A Viale Roma, 00012 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Graziella Calugi
- Lifebrain srl Cerba Healthcare, Guidonia Montecelio, 190/A Viale Roma, 00012 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Marrone
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Noce
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Bernardini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Broccolo
- Cerba HealthCare Italia, 20137 Milan, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, 20854 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Pieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate experimental colitis by normalizing the gut microbiota. STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY 2022; 13:475. [PMID: 36104756 PMCID: PMC9476645 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03118-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic non-specific inflammatory bowel disease. Current CD therapeutics cannot fundamentally change the natural course of CD. Therefore, it is of great significance to find new treatment strategies for CD. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising therapeutic approach. However, the mechanism by which MSCs alleviate CD and how MSCs affect gut microbes are still unclear and need further elucidation. Methods We used 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) to induce experimental colitis in mice and analysed the microbiota in faecal samples from the control group, the TNBS group and the TNBS + MSC group with faecal 16S rDNA sequencing. Subsequent analyses of alpha and beta diversity were all performed based on the rarified data. PICRUStII analysis was performed on the 16S rRNA gene sequences to infer the gut microbiome functions. Results MSC Treatment improved TNBS-induced colitis by increasing survival rates and relieving symptoms. A distinct bacterial signature was found in the TNBS group that differed from the TNBS + MSC group and controls. MSCs prevented gut microbiota dysbiosis, including increasing α-diversity and the amount of Bacteroidetes Firmicutes and Tenericutes at the phylum level and decreasing the amount of Proteobacteria at the phylum level. MSCs alleviated the increased activities of sulphur and riboflavin metabolism. Meanwhile some metabolic pathways such as biosynthesis of amino acids lysine biosynthesis sphingolipid metabolism and secondary bile acid biosynthesis were decreased in the TNBS group compared with the control group and the TNBS + MSC group Conclusions Overall, our findings preliminarily confirmed that colitis in mice is closely related to microbial and metabolic dysbiosis. MSC treatment could modulate the dysregulated metabolism pathways in mice with colitis, restoring the abnormal microbiota function to that of the normal control group. This study provides insight into specific intestinal microbiota and metabolism pathways linked with MSC treatment, suggesting a new approach to the treatment of CD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-03118-1.
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Zhang Y, Fu F, Zhang L, Zhang W, Chen L, Zhang Y, Chen W, Du Y, Chen S, Zhan Q, Feng Z, Xu H, Nie Y. Telomere is shortened in patients with irritable bowel syndrome in the Chinese population. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:1749-1755. [PMID: 35706406 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Telomere shortening is an accepted indicator of aging. Many studies have investigated an association between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and psychiatric disorders. Mental or psychological factors could be an important cause of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, there are currently few research evaluating correlations between LTL and IBS. METHODS We examined associations between LTL and IBS using quantitative polymerase chain reaction in independent cohorts, including 205 patients with IBS and 189 healthy controls. Furthermore, we examined whether mental or psychological factors, types of IBS, duration of IBS and antidepressants had an association with LTL in patients with IBS. RESULTS Among total samples, patients with IBS presented shorter LTL when compared to healthy controls (P < 0.0001). Moreover, in subgroup analyses of patients with IBS, not only the LTL in patients with IBS caused by mental or psychological factors was shorter (P < 0.0001), but also in patients with IBS that were caused by other factors (P = 0.0082). Furthermore, LTL in patients with IBS who had taken antidepressants for more than 1 month was longer than that in patients with IBS who did not take antidepressants or took for less than 1 month (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to describe the relationship between LTL and IBS. This study showed significantly shorter telomeres in patients with IBS. Our findings suggest that LTL may hold the potential to serve as a predictor of IBS diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengyihuan Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangjie Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Weihong Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenji Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanlei Du
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuzhen Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoming Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqiang Nie
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Yang T, Shen J. Small nucleolar RNAs and SNHGs in the intestinal mucosal barrier: Emerging insights and current roles. J Adv Res 2022; 46:75-85. [PMID: 35700920 PMCID: PMC10105082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have focused on the involvement of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and SNHGs in tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis via multiple pathways, including phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT), Wnt/β catenin, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). These molecular mechanisms affect the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier. AIM OF REVIEW Current evidence regarding snoRNAs and SNHGs in the context of the mucosal barrier and modulation of homeostasis is fragmented. In this review, we collate the established information on snoRNAs and SNHGs as well as discuss the major pathways affecting the mucosal barrier. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Intestinal mucosal immunity, microflora, and the physical barrier are altered in non-neoplastic diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases. Dysregulated snoRNAs and SNHGs may impact the intestinal mucosal barrier to promote the pathogenesis and progression of multiple diseases. SnoRNAs or SNHGs has been shown to be associated with poor disease behaviors, indicating that they may be exploited as prognostic biomarkers. Additionally, clarifying the complicated interactions between snoRNAs or SNHGs and the mucosal barrier may provide novel insights for the therapeutic treatment targeting strengthen the intestinal mucosal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center. Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160# Pu Jian Ave, Shanghai 200127, China; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center. Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160# Pu Jian Ave, Shanghai 200127, China; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, China.
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Tang SS, Liang CH, Liu YL, Wei W, Deng XR, Shi XY, Wang LM, Zhang LJ, Yuan HJ. Intermittent hypoxia is involved in gut microbial dysbiosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:2320-2333. [PMID: 35800187 PMCID: PMC9185213 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i21.2320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) has been recognized as a comorbidity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); more than half of T2DM patients suffer from OSAHS. Intermittent hypoxia (IH) plays an important role in metabolic diseases, such as obesity and OSAHS, through various mechanisms, including altering the gut microecological composition and function. Therefore, it is important to study the role of gut microbiota in T2DM patients with OSAHS, which has a high incidence and is prone to several complications.
AIM To assess whether IH is involved in altering the fecal microbiome in T2DM patients with OSAHS.
METHODS Seventy-eight participants were enrolled from Henan Province People’s Hospital and divided into healthy control (HC, n = 26), T2DM (n = 25), and T2DM + OSA (n = 27) groups based on their conditions. The fecal bacterial DNA of the research participants was extracted and subjected to 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. The clinical indices, such as insulin resistance index, homocysteine (HCY) concentration, and the concentrations of inflammatory factors in the peripheral blood, were assessed and recorded.
RESULTS Group T2DM + OSA had the highest apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) (2.3 vs 3.7 vs 13.7), oxygen desaturation index (0.65 vs 2.2 vs 9.1), HCY concentration (9.6 μmol/L vs 10.3 μmol/L vs 13.81 μmol/L) and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations (0.3 mg/L vs 1.43 mg/L vs 2.11 mg/L), and lowest mean oxygen saturation (97.05% vs 96.6% vs 94.7%) among the three groups. Twelve and fifteen key differences in amplicon sequence variants were identified when comparing group T2DM + OSA with groups T2DM and HC, respectively. We found progressively decreased levels of Faecalibacterium, Eubacterium, and Lachnospiraceae, and an increase in the level of Actinomyces, which strongly correlated with the HCY, CRP, fasting plasma glucose, and hemoglobin A1c concentrations, AHI, mean oxygen saturation, and insulin resistance index in group T2DM + OSA (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION For T2DM patients with OSAHS, IH may be involved in selective alterations of the gut microbiota, which may affect the pathophysiological development of T2DM and DM-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha-Sha Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Cheng-Hong Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Ya-Lei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Xin-Ru Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Li-Min Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Li-Jun Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
| | - Hui-Juan Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Intestinal Microecology and Diabetes, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
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Blachier F, Andriamihaja M, Kong XF. Fate of undigested proteins in the pig large intestine: What impact on the colon epithelium? ANIMAL NUTRITION 2022; 9:110-118. [PMID: 35573094 PMCID: PMC9065739 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Apart from its obvious agronomic interest in feeding billions of people worldwide, the porcine species represents an irreplaceable experimental model for intestinal physiologists and nutritionists. In this review, we give an overview on the fate of proteins that are not fully digested in the pig small intestine, and thus are transferred into the large intestine. In the large intestine, dietary and endogenous proteins are converted to peptides and amino acids (AA) by the action of bacterial proteases and peptidases. AA, which cannot, except in the neonatal period, be absorbed to any significant level by the colonocytes, are used by the intestinal microbes for protein synthesis and for the production of numerous metabolites. Of note, the production of the AA-derived metabolites greatly depends on the amount of undigested polysaccharides in the pig's diet. The effects of these AA-derived bacterial metabolites on the pig colonic epithelium have not yet been largely studied. However, the available data, performed on colonic mucosa, isolated colonic crypts and colonocytes, indicate that some of them, like ammonia, butyrate, acetate, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and p-cresol are active either directly or indirectly on energy metabolism in colonic epithelial cells. Further studies in that area will certainly gain from the utilization of the pig colonic organoid model, which allows for disposal of functional epithelial unities. Such studies will contribute to a better understanding of the potential causal links between diet-induced changes in the luminal concentrations of these AA-derived bacterial metabolites and effects on the colon epithelial barrier function and water/electrolyte absorption.
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Hu H, Xu K, Wang K, Zhang F, Bai X. Dissecting the Effect of Berberine on the Intestinal Microbiome in the Weaned Piglets by Metagenomic Sequencing. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:862882. [PMID: 35464928 PMCID: PMC9021597 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.862882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the microbial structure and function in the rectum of weaned piglets with berberine supplementation. Twelve healthy 21-day-old Duorc × (Landrace × Large White) weaned piglets (similar body weight) were evenly divided into control and berberine groups and were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0 and 0.1% berberine, respectively. After 21 days, metagenomic sequencing analysis was performed to detect microbial composition and function in the rectum of weaned piglets. Results showed that there were 10,597,721,931-14,059,392,900 base pairs (bp) and 10,186,558,171-15,859,563,342 bp of clean data in the control and berberine groups, respectively. The Q20s of the control and berberine groups were 97.15 to 97.7% and 96.26 to 97.68%, respectively. The microorganisms in the berberine group had lower (p < 0.05) Chao1, alternating conditional expectation, Shannon, and Simpson indices at the species levels than those in the control group. Analysis of similarity showed that there were significant differences (p < 0.01) between the control and berberine groups at the genus and species levels of the gut microorganisms. Dietary berberine significantly increased (p < 0.05) the abundance of Subdoligranulum variabile, but decreased (p < 0.05) the abundance of Prevotella copri compared with the control group. Carbohydrate-active enzymes analysis revealed that the levels of polysaccharide lyases and carbohydrate esterases were lower (p < 0.05) in the berberine group than that in the control group. Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis showed that berberine supplementation could induce various significant Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, including carbohydrate metabolism, environmental information processing, and microbial metabolism in diverse environments. In conclusion, our findings suggest that berberine could improve the composition, abundance, structure, and function of gut microbiome in the weaned piglets, potentially providing a suitable approach for the application of berberine in human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Hu
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Kexing Xu
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Kunping Wang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation and Health, Chuzhou, China
| | - Xi Bai
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
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Safwat El-Deeb O, El-Esawy RO, Al-Shenawy HA, Ghanem HB. Modulating gut dysbiosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in oxazolone-induced ulcerative colitis: the restorative effects of β-glucan and/or celastrol. Redox Rep 2022; 27:60-69. [PMID: 35246012 PMCID: PMC8903761 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2022.2046425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Microbiome–Mitochondria interaction is gaining a significant attention; thus, studying its mechanism emerges as a must to provide restorative lines in managing diseases. The aim is to study the mechanistic effects of β-Glucan and/or Celastrol in oxazolone-induced ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods 75 Wistar rats were allocated into 5 equal groups. Group I: control group. Group II: UC group, Group III: β-Glucan-treated UC group, Group IV: Celastrol-treated UC group & Group V: mutual treatment group. All groups were subjected to the detection of free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR-2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator1α (PGC-1α) mRNA gene expressions. Citrate synthase (CS) activity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), ATP concentration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) concentration was measured. Results After treatment we monitored significant upregulation of FFAR-2 and PGC-1α mRNA expression. Likewise, ATP level and CS activity were significantly increased. On the contrary, there was a significant lessening in ROS and TMAO levels with improvement of MMP. Conclusion Mutual use of β- Glucan and Celastrol had a greater effect than each alone against UC, which is considered a novel finding highlighting the ameliorative effects of this combined treatment in modulating Microbiome/Mitochondria axis, thus launching promising avenues for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia Safwat El-Deeb
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | | | - Heba Bassiony Ghanem
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.,Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
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Patel BK, Patel KH, Huang RY, Lee CN, Moochhala SM. The Gut-Skin Microbiota Axis and Its Role in Diabetic Wound Healing-A Review Based on Current Literature. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042375. [PMID: 35216488 PMCID: PMC8880500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a growing concern worldwide as they pose complications in routine clinical practices such as diagnosis and management. Bacterial interactions on the skin surface are vital to the pathophysiology of DFU and may control delayed wound healing. The microbiota from our skin directly regulates cutaneous health and disease by interacting with the numerous cells involved in the wound healing mechanism. Commensal microbiota, in particular, interact with wound-repairing skin cells to enhance barrier regeneration. The observed microbes in DFU include Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, Pseudomonas, and several anaerobes. Skin commensal microbes, namely S. epidermidis, can regulate the gamma delta T cells and induce Perforin-2 expression. The increased expression of Perforin-2 by skin cells destroyed S. aureus within the cells, facilitating wound healing. Possible crosstalk between the human commensal microbiome and different cell types involved in cutaneous wound healing promotes the immune response and helps to maintain the barrier function in humans. Wound healing is a highly well-coordinated, complex mechanism; it can be devastating if interrupted. Skin microbiomes are being studied in relation to the gut-skin axis along with their effects on dermatologic conditions. The gut-skin axis illustrates the connection wherein the gut can impact skin health due to its immunological and metabolic properties. The precise mechanism underlying gut-skin microbial interactions is still unidentified, but the immune and endocrine systems are likely to be involved. Next-generation sequencing and the development of bioinformatics pipelines may considerably improve the understanding of the microbiome-skin axis involved in diabetic wound healing in a much more sophisticated way. We endeavor to shed light on the importance of these pathways in the pathomechanisms of the most prevalent inflammatory conditions including the diabetes wound healing, as well as how probiotics may intervene in the gut-skin axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharati Kadamb Patel
- Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (B.K.P.); (C.N.L.)
| | | | - Ryan Yuki Huang
- Canyon Crest Academy, San Diego, CA 92130, USA;
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Chuen Neng Lee
- Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (B.K.P.); (C.N.L.)
| | - Shabbir M. Moochhala
- Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore; (B.K.P.); (C.N.L.)
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- Correspondence:
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Shehata AA, Yalçın S, Latorre JD, Basiouni S, Attia YA, Abd El-Wahab A, Visscher C, El-Seedi HR, Huber C, Hafez HM, Eisenreich W, Tellez-Isaias G. Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Phytogenic Substances for Optimizing Gut Health in Poultry. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020395. [PMID: 35208851 PMCID: PMC8877156 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has been designated as a hidden metabolic ‘organ’ because of its enormous impact on host metabolism, physiology, nutrition, and immune function. The connection between the intestinal microbiota and their respective host animals is dynamic and, in general, mutually beneficial. This complicated interaction is seen as a determinant of health and disease; thus, intestinal dysbiosis is linked with several metabolic diseases. Therefore, tractable strategies targeting the regulation of intestinal microbiota can control several diseases that are closely related to inflammatory and metabolic disorders. As a result, animal health and performance are improved. One of these strategies is related to dietary supplementation with prebiotics, probiotics, and phytogenic substances. These supplements exert their effects indirectly through manipulation of gut microbiota quality and improvement in intestinal epithelial barrier. Several phytogenic substances, such as berberine, resveratrol, curcumin, carvacrol, thymol, isoflavones and hydrolyzed fibers, have been identified as potential supplements that may also act as welcome means to reduce the usage of antibiotics in feedstock, including poultry farming, through manipulation of the gut microbiome. In addition, these compounds may improve the integrity of tight junctions by controlling tight junction-related proteins and inflammatory signaling pathways in the host animals. In this review, we discuss the role of probiotics, prebiotics, and phytogenic substances in optimizing gut function in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awad A. Shehata
- Research and Development Section, PerNaturam GmbH, 56290 Gödenroth, Germany
- Avian and Rabbit Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.A.S.); (G.T.-I.)
| | - Sakine Yalçın
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University (AU), 06110 Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Juan D. Latorre
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
| | - Shereen Basiouni
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;
| | - Youssef A. Attia
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amr Abd El-Wahab
- Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany; (A.A.E.-W.); (C.V.)
- Department of Nutrition and Nutritional Deficiency Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Christian Visscher
- Institute for Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany; (A.A.E.-W.); (C.V.)
| | - Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Biomedical Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, SE 75124 Uppsala, Sweden;
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu Education Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Claudia Huber
- Bavarian NMR Center, Structural Membrane Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbegstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany; (C.H.); (W.E.)
| | - Hafez M. Hafez
- Institute of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Free University of Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Wolfgang Eisenreich
- Bavarian NMR Center, Structural Membrane Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbegstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany; (C.H.); (W.E.)
| | - Guillermo Tellez-Isaias
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
- Correspondence: (A.A.S.); (G.T.-I.)
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Du X, Wu J, Gao C, Tan Q, Xu Y. Effects of Resistant Starch on Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Diabetes Res 2022; 2022:1861009. [PMID: 35899018 PMCID: PMC9314005 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1861009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a main health problem associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, morbidity, and mortality. Recent studies shown that the progression of CKD may be related to the change of intestinal flora. Resistant starch (RS) is a type of dietary fiber that can act as a substrate for microbial fermentation. Some studies have found that the supplementation of RS can improve the intestinal flora disorder in CKD patients. However, the specific effect of RS on CKD patients remains controversial. OBJECTIVE We designed this meta-analysis to identify and assess the effects of RS on patients with CKD. METHODS A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane systematic review databases was conducted in January 2020, and all new trials were updated in August 2021. Randomized trials were collected to assess the effects of RS on patients with CKD. The weighted average effect size of the net change was calculated by using the random-effects model. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 8 studies involving 301 participants. RS intake significantly reduced serum indolephenol sulfate (IS), blood phosphorus, IL-6, and uric acid levels in dialysis patients. The mean difference (MD) of serum IS (P = 0.0002) in the dialysis subgroup was -12.57 μmol/L (95% CI: -19.28, -5.86 μmol/L). The MD of blood phosphorus (P = 0.03) was -0.39 mg/dl (95% CI: -0.78, -0.01 mg/dl). The MD of serum uric acid (P = 0.004) between the dialysis subgroup and the nondialysis subgroup was -31.58 mmol/L (95% CI: -52.99, -10.17 mmol/L). The mean difference (MD) of IL-6 (P = 0.02) in the dialysis subgroup was -1.16 μmol/L (95% CI: -2.16, -0.16 μmol/L). However, there was no significant change of RS on hs-CRP, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), blood paracresol sulfate, and blood lipid. CONCLUSIONS The intake of RS reduced the serum IS, serum phosphorus, IL-6, and uric acid levels significantly in dialysis patients, while hs-CRP, serum creatinine, BUN, serum paracresol sulfate, and blood lipid showed no significant changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Du
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chenlin Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qinqin Tan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China 646000
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Hong J, Fu T, Liu W, Du Y, Min C, Lin D. Specific alterations of gut microbiota in diabetic microvascular complications: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1053900. [PMID: 36545341 PMCID: PMC9761769 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1053900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of gut microbiota in diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications has been widely accepted. However, the alternation of gut microbiota in diabetic microvascular complications (DC) remains to be determined. METHODS Publications (till August 20th, 2022) on gut microbiota in patients with DC were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane. Review Manager 5.3 was performed to estimate the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) and calculate alpha diversity indices and the relative abundance of gut microbiota between patients in DC v.s. DM and DC v.s. healthy controls (HC). RESULTS We included 13 studies assessing 329 patients with DC, 232 DM patients without DC, and 241 HC. Compared to DM, patients with DC shared a significantly lower Simpson index (SMD = -0.59, 95% CI [-0.82, -0.36], p < 0.00001), but a higher ACE index (SMD = 0.42, 95% CI[0.11, 0.74], p = 0.009). Compared to HC, DC patients held a lower ACE index (SMD = -0.61, 95% CI[-1.20, -0.02], p = 0.04). The relative abundances of phylum Proteobacteria (SMD = 0.03, 95% CI[0.01, 0.04], p = 0.003, v.s. HC) and genus Klebsiella (SMD = 0.00, 95% CI[0.00, 0.00], p < 0.00001, v.s. HC) were enriched, accompanying with depleted abundances of phylum Firmicutes (SMD = -0.06, 95% CI[-0.11, -0.01], p = 0.02, v.s. HC), genera Bifidobacterium (SMD = -0.01, 95% CI[-0.02,-0.01], p < 0.0001, v.s. DM), Faecalibacterium (SMD = -0.01, 95% CI[-0.02, -0.00], p = 0.009, v.s. DM; SMD = -0.02, 95% CI[-0.02, -0.01], p < 0.00001, v.s. HC) and Lactobacillus (SMD = 0.00, 95% CI[-0.00, -0.00], p < 0.00001, v.s. HC) in DC. CONCLUSIONS Gut microbiota perturbations with the depletion of alpha diversity and certain short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria were associated with the pathology of DC. Therefore, gut microbiota might serve as a promising approach for the diagnosis and treatment of DC. Further investigations are required to study the mechanisms by which gut dysbiosis acts on the onset and progression of DC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinni Hong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jinni Hong, ; Cunyun Min, ; Datao Lin,
| | - Tingting Fu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weizhen Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cunyun Min
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Guangdong Provincial Institute of Geriatric, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jinni Hong, ; Cunyun Min, ; Datao Lin,
| | - Datao Lin
- Department of Parasitology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jinni Hong, ; Cunyun Min, ; Datao Lin,
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Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction: Is There a Connection with Gut Microbiota? Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9122549. [PMID: 34946150 PMCID: PMC8703706 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a rare clinical syndrome characterized by severe impairment of gastrointestinal (GI) motility, and its symptoms are suggestive of partial or complete intestinal obstruction in the absence of any lesion restricting the intestinal lumen. Diagnosis and therapy of CIPO patients still represent a significant challenge for clinicians, despite their efforts to improve diagnostic workup and treatment strategies for this disease. The purpose of this review is to better understand what is currently known about the relationship between CIPO patients and intestinal microbiota, with a focus on the role of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and the intestinal endocrine system (IES) in intestinal motility, underling the importance of further studies to deeply understand the causes of gut motility dysfunction in these patients.
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Kenna JE, Chua EG, Bakeberg M, Tay A, McGregor S, Gorecki A, Horne M, Marshall B, Mastaglia FL, Anderton RS. Changes in the Gut Microbiome and Predicted Functional Metabolic Effects in an Australian Parkinson's Disease Cohort. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:756951. [PMID: 34776854 PMCID: PMC8588830 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.756951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: There has been increasing recognition of the importance of the gut microbiome in Parkinson's disease (PD), but the influence of geographic location has received little attention. The present study characterized the gut microbiota and associated changes in host metabolic pathways in an Australian cohort of people with PD (PwP). Methods: The study involved recruitment and assessment of 87 PwP from multiple Movement Disorders Clinics in Australia and 47 healthy controls. Illumina sequencing of the V3 and V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene was used to distinguish inter-cohort differences in gut microbiota; KEGG analysis was subsequently performed to predict functional changes in host metabolic pathways. Results: The current findings identified significant differences in relative abundance and diversity of microbial operational taxonomic units (OTUs), and specific bacterial taxa between PwP and control groups. Alpha diversity was significantly reduced in PwP when compared to controls. Differences were found in two phyla (Synergistetes and Proteobacteria; both increased in PwP), and five genera (Colidextribacter, Intestinibacter, Kineothrix, Agathobaculum, and Roseburia; all decreased in PwP). Within the PD cohort, there was no association identified between microbial composition and gender, constipation or use of gastrointestinal medication. Furthermore, KEGG analysis identified 15 upregulated and 11 downregulated metabolic pathways which were predicted to be significantly altered in PwP. Conclusion: This study provides the first comprehensive characterization of the gut microbiome and predicted functional metabolic effects in a southern hemisphere PD population, further exploring the possible mechanisms whereby the gut microbiota may exert their influence on this disease, and providing evidence for the incorporation of such data in future individualized therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade E Kenna
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Clinical Neurosciences and Neurological Research, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Eng Guan Chua
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Megan Bakeberg
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - Alfred Tay
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Sarah McGregor
- Centre for Clinical Neurosciences and Neurological Research, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Anastazja Gorecki
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Malcolm Horne
- Centre for Clinical Neurosciences and Neurological Research, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia.,Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Barry Marshall
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.,Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Frank L Mastaglia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Ryan S Anderton
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia.,School of Nursing, Midwifery, Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, Australia
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Bostanghadiri N, Ziaeefar P, Sameni F, Mahmoudi M, Hashemi A, Darban-Sarokhalil D. The controversial association of gut and urinary microbiota with kidney stone formation. Microb Pathog 2021; 161:105257. [PMID: 34687841 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) is one of the most common chronic kidney diseases that are typically more common among adult men comparing to adult women. The prevalence of this disease is increasing which is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Kidney stones are mainly composed of calcium oxalate and urinary oxalate which is considered a dangerous factor in their formation. Besides diverse leading reasons in the progression of nephrolithiasis, the gut and urinary microbiome has been recognized as a major player in the development or prevention of it. These microbes produce metabolites that have diverse effects on host biological functions. Therefore, Changes in the composition and structure of the microbiome (dysbiosis) have been implicated in various diseases. The present review focuses on the roles of gut and urinary in kidney stone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjess Bostanghadiri
- -Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pardis Ziaeefar
- -School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sameni
- -Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahmoudi
- -Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Hashemi
- -Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Davood Darban-Sarokhalil
- -Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Blachier F, Andriamihaja M. Effects of the L-tyrosine-derived bacterial metabolite p-cresol on colonic and peripheral cells. Amino Acids 2021; 54:325-338. [PMID: 34468872 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Specific families of bacteria present within the intestinal luminal content produce p-cresol from L-tyrosine. Although the hosts do not synthesize p-cresol, they can metabolize this compound within their colonic mucosa and liver leading to the production of co-metabolites including p-cresyl sulfate (p-CS) and p-cresyl glucuronide (p-CG). p-Cresol and its co-metabolites are recovered in the circulation mainly conjugated to albumin, but also in their free forms that are excreted in the urine. An increased dietary protein intake raises the amount of p-cresol recovered in the feces and urine, while fecal excretion of p-cresol is diminished by a diet containing undigestible polysaccharides. p-Cresol in excess is genotoxic for colonocytes. In addition, in these cells, this bacterial metabolite decreases mitochondrial oxygen consumption, while increasing the anion superoxide production. In chronic kidney disease (CKD), marked accumulation of p-cresol and p-CS in plasma is measured, and in renal tubular cells, p-cresol and p-CS increase oxidative stress, affect mitochondrial function, and lead to cell death, strongly suggesting that these 2 compounds act as uremic toxins that aggravate CKD progression. p-Cresol and p-CS are also suspected to play a role in the CKD-associated adverse cardiovascular events, since they affect endothelial cell proliferation and migration, decrease the capacity of endothelial wound repair, and increase the senescence of endothelial cells. Finally, the fact that concentration of p-cresol is transiently increased in young autistic children biological fluids, and that intraperitoneal injection of p-cresol in animal models induces some behavioral characteristics observed in the autism spectrum disorders (ASD), raise the view that p-cresol may possibly represent one of the components involved in ASD etiology. Further pre-clinical and clinical studies are obviously needed to determine if the lowering of p-cresol and/or p-CS circulating concentrations, by dietary and/or pharmacological means, would allow, by itself or in combination with other interventions, to improve CKD progression and associated cardiovascular outcomes, as well as some neurological outcomes in children with an early diagnosis of autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Blachier
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Paris, France.
| | - M Andriamihaja
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Paris, France
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