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Reis LM, Seese SE, Costakos D, Semina EV. Congenital anterior segment ocular disorders: Genotype-phenotype correlations and emerging novel mechanisms. Prog Retin Eye Res 2024; 102:101288. [PMID: 39097141 PMCID: PMC11392650 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2024.101288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Development of the anterior segment of the eye requires reciprocal sequential interactions between the arising tissues, facilitated by numerous genetic factors. Disruption of any of these processes results in congenital anomalies in the affected tissue(s) leading to anterior segment disorders (ASD) including aniridia, Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly, congenital corneal opacities (Peters anomaly, cornea plana, congenital primary aphakia), and primary congenital glaucoma. Current understanding of the genetic factors involved in ASD remains incomplete, with approximately 50% overall receiving a genetic diagnosis. While some genes are strongly associated with a specific clinical diagnosis, the majority of known factors are linked with highly variable phenotypic presentations, with pathogenic variants in FOXC1, CYP1B1, and PITX2 associated with the broadest spectrum of ASD conditions. This review discusses typical clinical presentations including associated systemic features of various forms of ASD; the latest functional data and genotype-phenotype correlations related to 25 ASD factors including newly identified genes; promising novel candidates; and current and emerging treatments for these complex conditions. Recent developments of interest in the genetics of ASD include identification of phenotypic expansions for several factors, discovery of multiple modes of inheritance for some genes, and novel mechanisms including a growing number of non-coding variants and alleles affecting specific domains/residues and requiring further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda M Reis
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
| | - Sarah E Seese
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
| | - Deborah Costakos
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
| | - Elena V Semina
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA; Department of Pediatrics and Children's Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin and Children's Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
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2
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Wang Z, Shi J, Tao D, Xie S, Yang Y, Liu Y. Nonsense suppression induces read-through of a novel BMPR1A variant in a Chinese family with hereditary colorectal cancer. Ann Hum Genet 2024; 88:300-306. [PMID: 38192234 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND BMPR1A-mediated signaling transduction plays an essential role in intestinal growth. Variations of BMPR1A lead to a rare autosomal dominant inherited juvenile polyposis syndrome (JPS) with high probability of developing into colorectal cancer (CRC). Nonsense and frameshift variations, generating premature termination codons (PTCs), are the most pathogenic variants in the BMPR1A gene. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the molecular genetic etiology in a Chinese family with three generations of CRC. METHODS Pathogenic variants of 18 known CRC susceptibility genes were examined in a Chinese CRC family through multigene panel testing using the next-generation sequencing platform. The candidate gene variant was validated in the family members by Sanger sequencing. Potential biological functions of the gene variant were further investigated in the RKO colon cancer cell line. RESULTS A novel nonsense variant (c.1114A > T, p.Lys372*) of BMPR1A was identified in the CRC family. This variant generated a PTC at the kinase domain and caused nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. Read-through inducing reagents G418 and PTC124 partially restored BMPR1A expression and its following signaling pathway. CONCLUSION The identification of the novel BMPR1A variant enriched the genotype-phenotype spectrum of BMPR1A. Meanwhile, our finding also provided support for future PTC-targeting therapy for BMPR1A-mediated JPS and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaokun Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaying Shi
- Department of Medical Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dachang Tao
- Department of Medical Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengyu Xie
- Department of Medical Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunqiang Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Ruan J, Yu X, Xu H, Cui W, Zhang K, Liu C, Sun W, Huang X, An L, Zhang Y. Suppressor tRNA in gene therapy. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024:10.1007/s11427-024-2613-y. [PMID: 38926247 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-024-2613-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Suppressor tRNAs are engineered or naturally occurring transfer RNA molecules that have shown promise in gene therapy for diseases caused by nonsense mutations, which result in premature termination codons (PTCs) in coding sequence, leading to truncated, often nonfunctional proteins. Suppressor tRNAs can recognize and pair with these PTCs, allowing the ribosome to continue translation and produce a full-length protein. This review introduces the mechanism and development of suppressor tRNAs, compares suppressor tRNAs with other readthrough therapies, discusses their potential for clinical therapy, limitations, and obstacles. We also summarize the applications of suppressor tRNAs in both in vitro and in vivo, offering new insights into the research and treatment of nonsense mutation diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Ruan
- The Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Liangzhu Laboratory, Hangzhou, 310000, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yu
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Huixia Xu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Wenrui Cui
- Translational Medicine Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Kaiye Zhang
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Chenyang Liu
- Translational Medicine Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China
| | - Wenlong Sun
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Lei An
- Translational Medicine Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- The Children's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Liangzhu Laboratory, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
- Translational Medicine Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, China.
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Morais P, Zhang R, Yu YT. Therapeutic Nonsense Suppression Modalities: From Small Molecules to Nucleic Acid-Based Approaches. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1284. [PMID: 38927491 PMCID: PMC11201248 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonsense mutations are genetic mutations that create premature termination codons (PTCs), leading to truncated, defective proteins in diseases such as cystic fibrosis, neurofibromatosis type 1, Dravet syndrome, Hurler syndrome, Beta thalassemia, inherited bone marrow failure syndromes, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and even cancer. These mutations can also trigger a cellular surveillance mechanism known as nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) that degrades the PTC-containing mRNA. The activation of NMD can attenuate the consequences of truncated, defective, and potentially toxic proteins in the cell. Since approximately 20% of all single-point mutations are disease-causing nonsense mutations, it is not surprising that this field has received significant attention, resulting in a remarkable advancement in recent years. In fact, since our last review on this topic, new examples of nonsense suppression approaches have been reported, namely new ways of promoting the translational readthrough of PTCs or inhibiting the NMD pathway. With this review, we update the state-of-the-art technologies in nonsense suppression, focusing on novel modalities with therapeutic potential, such as small molecules (readthrough agents, NMD inhibitors, and molecular glue degraders); antisense oligonucleotides; tRNA suppressors; ADAR-mediated RNA editing; targeted pseudouridylation; and gene/base editing. While these various modalities have significantly advanced in their development stage since our last review, each has advantages (e.g., ease of delivery and specificity) and disadvantages (manufacturing complexity and off-target effect potential), which we discuss here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Morais
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Research and Development, Bayer Pharmaceuticals, 42113 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Rui Zhang
- Center for RNA Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA;
| | - Yi-Tao Yu
- Center for RNA Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA;
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Didiasova M, Banning A, Tikkanen R. Development of precision therapies for rare inborn errors of metabolism: Functional investigations in cell culture models. J Inherit Metab Dis 2024; 47:509-516. [PMID: 37606592 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Due to the low number of patients, rare genetic diseases are a special challenge for the development of therapies, especially for diseases that result from numerous, patient-specific pathogenic variants. Precision medicine makes use of various kinds of molecular information about a specific variant, so that the possibilities for an effective therapy based on the molecular features of the variants can be elucidated. The attention to personalized precision therapies has increased among scientists and clinicians, since the "single drug for all patients" approach does not allow the classification of individuals in subgroups according to the differences in the disease genotype or phenotype. This review article summarizes some approaches of personalized precision medicine that can be used for a cost-effective and fast development of therapies, even for single patients. We have focused on specific examples on inborn errors of metabolism, with special attention on drug repurposing. Furthermore, we provide an overview of cell culture models that are suitable for precision medicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Didiasova
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Antje Banning
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ritva Tikkanen
- Medical Faculty, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Swiderski K, Chan AS, Herold MJ, Kueh AJ, Chung JD, Hardee JP, Trieu J, Chee A, Naim T, Gregorevic P, Lynch GS. The BALB/c.mdx62 mouse exhibits a dystrophic muscle pathology and is a model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050502. [PMID: 38602028 PMCID: PMC11095634 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating monogenic skeletal muscle-wasting disorder. Although many pharmacological and genetic interventions have been reported in preclinical studies, few have progressed to clinical trials with meaningful benefit. Identifying therapeutic potential can be limited by availability of suitable preclinical mouse models. More rigorous testing across models with varied background strains and mutations can identify treatments for clinical success. Here, we report the generation of a DMD mouse model with a CRISPR-induced deletion within exon 62 of the dystrophin gene (Dmd) and the first generated in BALB/c mice. Analysis of mice at 3, 6 and 12 months of age confirmed loss of expression of the dystrophin protein isoform Dp427 and resultant dystrophic pathology in limb muscles and the diaphragm, with evidence of centrally nucleated fibers, increased inflammatory markers and fibrosis, progressive decline in muscle function, and compromised trabecular bone development. The BALB/c.mdx62 mouse is a novel model of DMD with associated variations in the immune response and muscle phenotype, compared with those of existing models. It represents an important addition to the preclinical model toolbox for developing therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy Swiderski
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Audrey S. Chan
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Marco J. Herold
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Andrew J. Kueh
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Jin D. Chung
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Justin P. Hardee
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Jennifer Trieu
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Annabel Chee
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Timur Naim
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Paul Gregorevic
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Gordon S. Lynch
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
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Dori A, Scutifero M, Passamano L, Zoppi D, Ruggiero L, Trabacca A, Politano L. Treatment with ataluren in four symptomatic Duchenne carriers. A pilot study. ACTA MYOLOGICA : MYOPATHIES AND CARDIOMYOPATHIES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SOCIETY OF MYOLOGY 2024; 43:8-15. [PMID: 38586166 PMCID: PMC10997039 DOI: 10.36185/2532-1900-398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating X-linked neuromuscular disorder caused by dystrophin gene deletions (75%), duplications (15-20%) and point mutations (5-10%), a small portion of which are nonsense mutations. Women carrying dystrophin gene mutations are commonly unaffected because the wild X allele may produce a sufficient amount of the dystrophin protein. However, approximately 8-10% of them may experience muscle symptoms and 50% of those over 40 years develop cardiomyopathy. The presence of symptoms defines the individual as an affected "symptomatic or manifesting carrier". Though there is no effective cure for DMD, therapies are available to slow the decline of muscle strength and delay the onset and progression of cardiac and respiratory impairment. These include ataluren for patients with nonsense mutations, and antisense oligonucleotides therapies, for patients with specific deletions. Symptomatic DMD female carriers are not included in these indications and little data documenting their management, often entrusted to the discretion of individual doctors, is present in the literature. In this article, we report the clinical and instrumental outcomes of four symptomatic DMD carriers, aged between 26 and 45 years, who were treated with ataluren for 21 to 73 months (average 47.3), and annually evaluated for muscle strength, respiratory and cardiological function. Two patients retain independent ambulation at ages 33 and 45, respectively. None of them developed respiratory involvement or cardiomyopathy. No clinical adverse effects or relevant abnormalities in routine laboratory values, were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Dori
- Department of Neurology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, HaShomer, and Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Faculty of Medicine, Aviv University, Aviv, Israel
| | - Marianna Scutifero
- Cardiomyology and Medical Genetics, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigia Passamano
- Cardiomyology and Medical Genetics, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Zoppi
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Ruggiero
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Trabacca
- Scientific Institute IRCCS “E. Medea”, Unit for Severe disabilities in developmental age and young adults (Developmental Neurology and Neurorehabilitation), Brindisi, Italy
| | - Luisa Politano
- Cardiomyology and Medical Genetics, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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Wei YS, Hnaini M, ElAloul B, Zapata E, Campbell C. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Fatigue Trajectories. Neuropediatrics 2024; 55:42-48. [PMID: 37236246 DOI: 10.1055/a-2101-7860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are at risk of experiencing fatigue that negatively impacts their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study aimed to assess the association between fatigue and HRQoL, by examining fatigue trajectories over 48 weeks, and assessing factors associated with these fatigue trajectories. METHODS The study sample consisted of 173 DMD subjects enrolled in a 48-week-long phase 2 clinical trial (NCT00592553) for a novel therapeutic who were between the ages of 5 and 16 years. RESULTS The results of regression modeling show baseline fatigue and baseline HRQoL (R 2 = 0. 54 for child self-report and 0.51 for parent proxy report) and change in fatigue and HRQoL over 48 weeks (R 2 = 0.47 for child self-report and 0.36 for parent proxy report) were significantly associated with one another. Three unique fatigue trajectories using Latent Class Growth Models were identified for child and parent proxy reported fatigue. The risk of being in the high fatigue group as compared to the low fatigue group increased by 24% with each year increase in age and also with decreasing walking distance, as reported by children and parent proxy, respectively. CONCLUSION This study identified fatigue trajectories and risk factors associated with greater fatigue, helping clinicians and researchers identify the profile of fatigue in DMD children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sally Wei
- Children's Hospital London Health Sciences Centre, London, Canada
| | - Mona Hnaini
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Basmah ElAloul
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eugenio Zapata
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Craig Campbell
- Children's Hospital London Health Sciences Centre, London, Canada
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, Clinical Neurological Sciences and Epidemiology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Wimmer B, Friedrich A, Poeltner K, Edobor G, Mosshammer C, Temaj G, Rathner A, Karl T, Krauss J, von Hagen J, Gerner C, Breitenbach M, Hintner H, Bauer JW, Breitenbach-Koller H. En Route to Targeted Ribosome Editing to Replenish Skin Anchor Protein LAMB3 in Junctional Epidermolysis Bullosa. JID INNOVATIONS 2024; 4:100240. [PMID: 38282649 PMCID: PMC10810840 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2023.100240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe junctional epidermolysis bullosa is a rare genetic, postpartum lethal skin disease, predominantly caused by nonsense/premature termination codon (PTC) sequence variants in LAMB3 gene. LAMB3 encodes LAMB3, the β subunit of epidermal-dermal skin anchor laminin 332. Most translational reads of a PTC mRNA deliver truncated, nonfunctional proteins, whereas an endogenous PTC readthrough mechanism produces full-length protein at minimal and insufficient levels. Conventional translational readthrough-inducing drugs amplify endogenous PTC readthrough; however, translational readthrough-inducing drugs are either proteotoxic or nonselective. Ribosome editing is a more selective and less toxic strategy. This technique identified ribosomal protein L35/uL29 (ie, RpL35) and RpL35-ligands repurposable drugs artesunate and atazanavir as molecular tools to increase production levels of full-length LAMB3. To evaluate ligand activity in living cells, we monitored artesunate and atazanavir treatment by dual luciferase reporter assays. Production levels of full-length LAMB3 increased up to 200% upon artesunate treatment, up to 150% upon atazanavir treatment, and up to 170% upon combinatorial treatment of RpL35 ligands at reduced drug dosage, with an unrelated PTC reporter being nonresponsive. Proof of bioactivity of RpL35 ligands in selective increase of full-length LAMB3 provides the basis for an alternative, targeted therapeutic route to replenish LAMB3 in severe junctional epidermolysis bullosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjoern Wimmer
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Andreas Friedrich
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Katharina Poeltner
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Genevieve Edobor
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Claudia Mosshammer
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Adriana Rathner
- Institute of Biochemistry, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Thomas Karl
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jan Krauss
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
- SKM-IP PartGmbB, Munich, Germany
| | - Joerg von Hagen
- Merck KGaA, Gernsheim, Germany
- ryon-Greentech Accelerator, Gernsheim, Germany
| | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Joint Metabolome Facility, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Breitenbach
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Helmut Hintner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Johann W. Bauer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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Wittenstein A, Caspi M, Rippin I, Elroy-Stein O, Eldar-Finkelman H, Thoms S, Rosin-Arbesfeld R. Nonsense mutation suppression is enhanced by targeting different stages of the protein synthesis process. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002355. [PMID: 37943958 PMCID: PMC10684085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The introduction of premature termination codons (PTCs), as a result of splicing defects, insertions, deletions, or point mutations (also termed nonsense mutations), lead to numerous genetic diseases, ranging from rare neuro-metabolic disorders to relatively common inheritable cancer syndromes and muscular dystrophies. Over the years, a large number of studies have demonstrated that certain antibiotics and other synthetic molecules can act as PTC suppressors by inducing readthrough of nonsense mutations, thereby restoring the expression of full-length proteins. Unfortunately, most PTC readthrough-inducing agents are toxic, have limited effects, and cannot be used for therapeutic purposes. Thus, further efforts are required to improve the clinical outcome of nonsense mutation suppressors. Here, by focusing on enhancing readthrough of pathogenic nonsense mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor gene, we show that disturbing the protein translation initiation complex, as well as targeting other stages of the protein translation machinery, enhances both antibiotic and non-antibiotic-mediated readthrough of nonsense mutations. These findings strongly increase our understanding of the mechanisms involved in nonsense mutation readthrough and facilitate the development of novel therapeutic targets for nonsense suppression to restore protein expression from a large variety of disease-causing mutated transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amnon Wittenstein
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Caspi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ido Rippin
- The Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Orna Elroy-Stein
- Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hagit Eldar-Finkelman
- The Department of Human Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sven Thoms
- Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Medical School EWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Rina Rosin-Arbesfeld
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Li S, Li J, Shi W, Nie Z, Zhang S, Ma F, Hu J, Chen J, Li P, Xie X. Pharmaceuticals Promoting Premature Termination Codon Readthrough: Progress in Development. Biomolecules 2023; 13:988. [PMID: 37371567 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Around 11% of all known gene lesions causing human genetic diseases are nonsense mutations that introduce a premature stop codon (PTC) into the protein-coding gene sequence. Drug-induced PTC readthrough is a promising therapeutic strategy for treating hereditary diseases caused by nonsense mutations. To date, it has been found that more than 50 small-molecular compounds can promote PTC readthrough, known as translational readthrough-inducing drugs (TRIDs), and can be divided into two major categories: aminoglycosides and non-aminoglycosides. This review summarizes the pharmacodynamics and clinical application potential of the main TRIDs discovered so far, especially some newly discovered TRIDs in the past decade. The discovery of these TRIDs brings hope for treating nonsense mutations in various genetic diseases. Further research is still needed to deeply understand the mechanism of eukaryotic cell termination and drug-induced PTC readthrough so that patients can achieve the greatest benefit from the various TRID treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Juan Li
- Central Laboratory, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Genetic Study of Hematopathy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wenjing Shi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ziyan Nie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fengdie Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jun Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peiqiang Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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12
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Semba R, Morioka T, Yanagihara H, Suzuki K, Tachibana H, Hamoya T, Horimoto Y, Imaoka T, Saito M, Kakinuma S, Arai M. Azithromycin induces read-through of the nonsense Apc allele and prevents intestinal tumorigenesis in C3B6F1 Apc Min/+ mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114968. [PMID: 37276642 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic strategies that promote read-through of a mutant gene have proved effective for certain non-neoplastic diseases. However, the efficacy of this approach is unproven regarding neoplastic diseases with germline nonsense mutations, including familial adenomatous polyposis. Here we examined the cancer-preventive efficacy of the macrolide antibiotic azithromycin, with a reported read-through effect, on intestinal tumorigenesis in C3B6F1 ApcMin/+ mice harboring a nonsense Apc mutation resulting in a truncated Apc protein. Mice were given drinking water lacking azithromycin or containing 0.0125-0.2 mg/mL azithromycin from 3 weeks of age. The small intestine and cecum were analyzed for pathological changes and alterations of intestinal flora. Azithromycin suppressed the number of tumors and the proportion of adenocarcinomas, with the most effective drinking-water concentration being 0.0125 mg/mL. Furthermore, azithromycin recovered the cellular level of full-length Apc, resulting in downregulation of β-catenin and cyclin D1. Conversely, the effect of azithromycin on the diversity of the intestinal microbiota depended on the drinking-water concentration. These results suggest that the balance between azithromycin-mediate read-through of mutant Apc mRNA and antibacterial effects influences intestinal tumorigenesis. Thus, azithromycin is a potential anticancer agent for familial adenomatous polyposis patients harboring nonsense mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko Semba
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (NIRS/QST), Japan; Department of Breast Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Morioka
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (NIRS/QST), Japan
| | - Hiromi Yanagihara
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (NIRS/QST), Japan
| | - Kenshi Suzuki
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (NIRS/QST), Japan
| | - Hirotaka Tachibana
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (NIRS/QST), Japan
| | - Takahiro Hamoya
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (NIRS/QST), Japan
| | - Yoshiya Horimoto
- Department of Breast Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Imaoka
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (NIRS/QST), Japan
| | - Mitsue Saito
- Department of Breast Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Shizuko Kakinuma
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (NIRS/QST), Japan.
| | - Masami Arai
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Japan
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13
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Wagner RN, Wießner M, Friedrich A, Zandanell J, Breitenbach-Koller H, Bauer JW. Emerging Personalized Opportunities for Enhancing Translational Readthrough in Rare Genetic Diseases and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6101. [PMID: 37047074 PMCID: PMC10093890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonsense mutations trigger premature translation termination and often give rise to prevalent and rare genetic diseases. Consequently, the pharmacological suppression of an unscheduled stop codon represents an attractive treatment option and is of high clinical relevance. At the molecular level, the ability of the ribosome to continue translation past a stop codon is designated stop codon readthrough (SCR). SCR of disease-causing premature termination codons (PTCs) is minimal but small molecule interventions, such as treatment with aminoglycoside antibiotics, can enhance its frequency. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of translation termination (both at PTCs and at cognate stop codons) and highlight recently discovered pathways that influence its fidelity. We describe the mechanisms involved in the recognition and readthrough of PTCs and report on SCR-inducing compounds currently explored in preclinical research and clinical trials. We conclude by reviewing the ongoing attempts of personalized nonsense suppression therapy in different disease contexts, including the genetic skin condition epidermolysis bullosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland N. Wagner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michael Wießner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Andreas Friedrich
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Johanna Zandanell
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Johann W. Bauer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
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14
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A High-Throughput Assay for In Vitro Determination of Release Factor-Dependent Peptide Release from a Pretermination Complex by Fluorescence Anisotropy-Application to Nonsense Suppressor Screening and Mechanistic Studies. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020242. [PMID: 36830611 PMCID: PMC9953321 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Premature termination codons (PTCs) account for ~12% of all human disease mutations. Translation readthrough-inducing drugs (TRIDs) are prominent among the several therapeutic approaches being used to overcome PTCs. Ataluren is the only TRID that has been approved for treating patients suffering from a PTC disease, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, but it gives variable readthrough results in cells isolated from patients suffering from other PTC diseases. We recently elucidated ataluren's mechanism of action as a competitive inhibitor of release factor complex (RFC) catalysis of premature termination and identified ataluren's binding sites on the ribosome responsible for such an inhibition. These results suggest the possibility of discovering new TRIDs, which would retain ataluren's low toxicity while displaying greater potency and generality in stimulating readthrough via the inhibition of termination. Here we present a detailed description of a new in vitro plate reader assay that we are using both to screen small compound libraries for the inhibition of RFC-dependent peptide release and to better understand the influence of termination codon identity and sequence context on RFC activity.
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15
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Wang HL, Ruan DD, Wu M, Ji YY, Hu XX, Wu QY, Zhang YP, Lin B, Hu YN, Wang H, Tang Y, Fang ZT, Luo JW, Liao LS, Gao MZ. Identification and characterization of two SERPINC1 mutations causing congenital antithrombin deficiency. Thromb J 2023; 21:3. [PMID: 36624481 PMCID: PMC9830717 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-022-00443-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antithrombin (AT) is the main physiological anticoagulant involved in hemostasis. Hereditary AT deficiency is a rare autosomal dominant thrombotic disease mainly caused by mutations in SERPINC1, which was usually manifested as venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. In this study, we analyzed the clinical characteristics and screened for mutant genes in two pedigrees with hereditary AT deficiency, and the functional effects of the pathogenic mutations were evaluated. METHODS Candidate gene variants were analyzed by next-generation sequencing to screen pathogenic mutations in probands, followed by segregation analysis in families by Sanger sequencing. Mutant and wild-type plasmids were constructed and transfected into HEK293T cells to observe protein expression and cellular localization of SERPINC1. The structure and function of the mutations were analyzed by bioinformatic analyses. RESULTS The proband of pedigree A with AT deficiency carried a heterozygous frameshift mutation c.1377delC (p.Asn460Thrfs*20) in SERPINC1 (NM000488.3), a 1377C base deletion in exon 7 resulting in a backward shift of the open reading frame, with termination after translation of 20 residues, and a different residue sequence translated after the frameshift. Bioinformatics analysis suggests that the missing amino acid sequence caused by the frameshift mutation might disrupt the disulfide bond between Cys279 and Cys462 and affect the structural function of the protein. This newly discovered variant is not currently included in the ClinVar and HGMD databases. p.Arg229* resulted in a premature stop codon in exon 4, and bioinformatics analysis suggests that the truncated protein structure lost its domain of interaction with factor IX (Ala414 site) after the deletion of nonsense mutations. However, considering the AT truncation protein resulting from the p.Arg229* variant loss a great proportion of the molecule, we speculate the variant may affect two functional domains HBS and RCL and lack of the corresponding function. The thrombophilia and decreased-AT-activity phenotypes of the two pedigrees were separated from their genetic variants. After lentiviral plasmid transfection into HEK293T cells, the expression level of AT protein decreased in the constructed c.1377delC mutant cells compared to that in the wild-type, which was not only reduced in c.685C > T mutant cells but also showed a significant band at 35 kDa, suggesting a truncated protein. Immunofluorescence localization showed no significant differences in protein localization before and after the mutation. CONCLUSIONS The p.Asn460Thrfs*20 and p.Arg229* variants of SERPINC1 were responsible for the two hereditary AT deficiency pedigrees, which led to AT deficiency by different mechanisms. The p.Asn460Thrfs*20 variant is reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-lu Wang
- grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Dan-dan Ruan
- grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Min Wu
- grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Yuan-yuan Ji
- grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Xing-xing Hu
- grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China ,grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Qiu-yan Wu
- grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Yan-ping Zhang
- grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Bin Lin
- grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Ya-nan Hu
- grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Hang Wang
- grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China ,grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Yi Tang
- grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China ,grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Department of Interventional Radiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Zhu-ting Fang
- grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China ,grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Department of Interventional Radiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Jie-wei Luo
- grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China ,grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Li-sheng Liao
- grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China ,grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Department of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001 China
| | - Mei-zhu Gao
- grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 China ,grid.415108.90000 0004 1757 9178Department of Nephrology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001 China
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16
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Kawai S, Takashima S, Ando M, Shintaku S, Takeda S, Otake K, Ito Y, Fukui M, Yamamoto M, Shoji Y, Shirahase H, Kitao T. Discovery of Novel Chromenopyridine Derivatives as Readthrough-Inducing Drugs. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2023; 71:859-878. [PMID: 38044139 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c23-00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Hurler syndrome, a type of Mucopolysaccharidosis type I, is an inherited disorder caused by the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) due to a deficiency in lysosomal α-L-iduronidase (IDUA), resulting in multiorgan dysfunction. In many patients with Hurler syndrome, IDUA proteins are not produced due to nonsense mutations in their genes; therefore, readthrough-inducing compounds, such as gentamycin, are expected to restore IDUA proteins by skipping the premature termination codon. In the present study, we synthesized a series of chromenopyridine derivatives to identify novel readthrough-inducing compounds. The readthrough-inducing activities of synthesized compounds were examined by measuring cellular IDUA activities and GAG concentrations in Hurler syndrome patient-derived cells. Compounds with a difluorophenyl group at the 2-position of chromenopyridine, a cyclobutyl group at the 3-position, and a basic side chain or basic fused ring exhibited excellent readthrough-inducing activities. KY-640, a chromenopyridine derivative with a tetrahydroisoquinoline sub-structure, increased the cellular IDUA activities of patient-derived cells by 3.2-fold at 0.3 µM and significantly reduced GAG concentrations, and also significantly increased enzyme activity in mouse models, suggesting its therapeutic potential in patients with Hurler syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Kawai
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd
| | - Shunsuke Takashima
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd
| | - Masafumi Ando
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd
| | - Sayaka Shintaku
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd
| | - Shigemitsu Takeda
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd
| | - Kazuya Otake
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd
| | - Yuma Ito
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd
| | - Masaki Fukui
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd
| | - Megumi Yamamoto
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd
| | - Yoshimichi Shoji
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd
| | - Hiroaki Shirahase
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd
| | - Tatsuya Kitao
- Drug Discovery Research Department, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd
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17
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Zinina E, Bulakh M, Chukhrova A, Ryzhkova O, Sparber P, Shchagina O, Polyakov A, Kutsev S. Specificities of the DMD Gene Mutation Spectrum in Russian Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112710. [PMID: 36361501 PMCID: PMC9658738 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) is the most common form of muscular dystrophy, accounting for over 50% of all cases. In this regard, in Russia we carry out a program of selective screening for DMD/BMD, which mainly involves male patients. The main inclusion criteria are an increase in the level of creatine phosphokinase (>2000 U/L) or an established clinical diagnosis. At the first stage of screening, patients are scanned for extended deletions and duplications in the DMD gene using multiplex ligase-dependent probe amplification (MLPA SALSA P034 and P035 DMD probemix, MRC-Holland). The second stage is the search for small mutations using a custom NGS panel, which includes 31 genes responsible for various forms of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. In a screening of 1025 families with a referral Duchenne/Becker diagnosis, pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in the DMD gene were found in 788 families (in 76.9% of cases). In the current study, we analyzed the mutation spectrum of the DMD gene in Russian patients and noted certain differences between the examined cohort and the multi-ethnic cohort. The analysis of the DMD gene mutation spectrum is essential for patients with DMD/BMD because the exact mutation type determines the application of a specific therapeutic method.
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18
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He Z, Li Y, Zhao X, Li B. Dravet Syndrome: Advances in Etiology, Clinical Presentation, and Treatment. Epilepsy Res 2022; 188:107041. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2022.107041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Cheng X, Zhou T, Yang Z, Zhou J, Gao M, Huang Y, Su Z. Premature termination codon: a tunable protein translation approach. Biotechniques 2022; 73:80-89. [PMID: 35796100 DOI: 10.2144/btn-2022-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular protein-protein interactions are largely dependent on the activities of signaling proteins. Here, we present a technique to tune gene expression at translation level based on G418-inducible readthrough premature termination codon (PTC-on). To demonstrate how this PTC-on can control the expression level of a cellular signaling protein to regulate signal transduction, we settled a p53 PTC-on system in p53-null H1299 cells. After treating with G418, the cells expressed full-length p53 protein in a dose-dependent manner. We further demonstrated to use this PTC-on approach to dissect p53-dependent and p53-independent apoptosis in response to the DNA double strand breaks in H1299 cells. In principle, the PTC-on can be used as a general approach for exploring the functions of any other signaling proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyao Cheng
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guanxi University, No. 100, Daxuedong Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China.,Protein Engineering & Biopharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Hubei University of Technology, 28 Nanli Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430068, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Protein Engineering & Biopharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Hubei University of Technology, 28 Nanli Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430068, China
| | - Zixin Yang
- Protein Engineering & Biopharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Hubei University of Technology, 28 Nanli Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430068, China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- Protein Engineering & Biopharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Hubei University of Technology, 28 Nanli Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430068, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Protein Engineering & Biopharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Hubei University of Technology, 28 Nanli Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430068, China
| | - Yongqi Huang
- Protein Engineering & Biopharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Hubei University of Technology, 28 Nanli Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430068, China
| | - Zhengding Su
- Protein Engineering & Biopharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Hubei University of Technology, 28 Nanli Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430068, China
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20
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Emerging therapies for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Lancet Neurol 2022; 21:814-829. [DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(22)00125-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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21
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Huang S, Bhattacharya A, Ghelfi MD, Li H, Fritsch C, Chenoweth DM, Goldman YE, Cooperman BS. Ataluren binds to multiple protein synthesis apparatus sites and competitively inhibits release factor-dependent termination. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2413. [PMID: 35523781 PMCID: PMC9076611 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30080-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic diseases are often caused by nonsense mutations, but only one TRID (translation readthrough inducing drug), ataluren, has been approved for clinical use. Ataluren inhibits release factor complex (RFC) termination activity, while not affecting productive binding of near-cognate ternary complex (TC, aa-tRNA.eEF1A.GTP). Here we use photoaffinity labeling to identify two sites of ataluren binding within rRNA, proximal to the decoding center (DC) and the peptidyl transfer center (PTC) of the ribosome, which are directly responsible for ataluren inhibition of termination activity. A third site, within the RFC, has as yet unclear functional consequences. Using single molecule and ensemble fluorescence assays we also demonstrate that termination proceeds via rapid RFC-dependent hydrolysis of peptidyl-tRNA followed by slow release of peptide and tRNA from the ribosome. Ataluren is an apparent competitive inhibitor of productive RFC binding, acting at or before the hydrolysis step. We propose that designing more potent TRIDs which retain ataluren's low toxicity should target areas of the RFC binding site proximal to the DC and PTC which do not overlap the TC binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- GSK, 14200 Shady Grove Rd, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Arpan Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Mikel D Ghelfi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Clark Fritsch
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - David M Chenoweth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yale E Goldman
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Barry S Cooperman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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22
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Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF), the most common genetic disease among the Caucasian population, is caused by mutations in the gene encoding for the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a chloride epithelial channel whose dysfunction results in severe airway obstruction and inflammation, eventually leading to respiratory failure. The discovery of the CFTR gene in 1989 provided new insights into the basic genetic defect of CF and allowed the study of potential therapies targeting the aberrant protein. In recent years, the approval of “CFTR modulators”, the first molecules designed to selectively target the underlying molecular defects caused by specific CF-causing mutations, marked the beginning of a new era in CF treatment. These drugs have been demonstrated to significantly improve lung function and ameliorate the quality of life of many patients, especially those bearing the most common CFTR mutatant F508del. However, a substantial portion of CF subjects, accounting for ~20% of the European CF population, carry rare CFTR mutations and are still not eligible for CFTR modulator therapy, partly due to our limited understanding of the molecular defects associated with these genetic alterations. Thus, the implementation of models to study the phenotype of these rare CFTR mutations and their response to currently approved drugs, as well as to compounds under research and clinical development, is of key importance. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on the potential of CFTR modulators in rescuing the function of rare CF-causing CFTR variants, focusing on both investigational and clinically approved molecules.
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23
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Influence of novel readthrough agents on myelin protein zero translation in the peripheral nervous system. Neuropharmacology 2022; 211:109059. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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24
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Kaziród K, Myszka M, Dulak J, Łoboda A. Hydrogen sulfide as a therapeutic option for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and other muscle-related diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:608. [PMID: 36441348 PMCID: PMC9705465 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04636-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been known for years as a poisoning gas and until recently evoked mostly negative associations. However, the discovery of its gasotransmitter functions suggested its contribution to various physiological and pathological processes. Although H2S has been found to exert cytoprotective effects through modulation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and pro-angiogenic responses in a variety of conditions, its role in the pathophysiology of skeletal muscles has not been broadly elucidated so far. The classical example of muscle-related disorders is Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the most common and severe type of muscular dystrophy. Mutations in the DMD gene that encodes dystrophin, a cytoskeletal protein that protects muscle fibers from contraction-induced damage, lead to prominent dysfunctions in the structure and functions of the skeletal muscle. However, the main cause of death is associated with cardiorespiratory failure, and DMD remains an incurable disease. Taking into account a wide range of physiological functions of H2S and recent literature data on its possible protective role in DMD, we focused on the description of the 'old' and 'new' functions of H2S, especially in muscle pathophysiology. Although the number of studies showing its essential regulatory action in dystrophic muscles is still limited, we propose that H2S-based therapy has the potential to attenuate the progression of DMD and other muscle-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kaziród
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Myszka
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Józef Dulak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Łoboda
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
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Dori A, Guglieri M, Scutifero M, Passamano L, Trabacca A, Politano L. Can symptomatic nmDuchenne carriers benefit from treatment with ataluren? Results of 193-month follow-up. ACTA MYOLOGICA : MYOPATHIES AND CARDIOMYOPATHIES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SOCIETY OF MYOLOGY 2021; 40:152-157. [PMID: 35047755 PMCID: PMC8744011 DOI: 10.36185/2532-1900-058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne's muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked neuromuscular disorder caused by deletions (75%), duplications (15-20%) and point mutations (5-10%) in the dystrophin gene. Among the latter, stop-codon point mutations are rare. Female carriers of dystrophin gene mutations are usually asymptomatic as they are "protected" by the second X-chromosome, which produces a normal dystrophin protein. However, about 8-10% of them can present symptoms that set the clinical picture of the manifesting or symptomatic carrier. Although no causative cure there is for DMD, therapies are available to slow the decline of muscle weakness and delay the onset of heart and respiratory involvement. However, there is limited data in the literature documenting the treatment of symptomatic carriers, often entrusted to the sensitivity of individual doctors. In this paper, we report the follow-up outcomes of four European symptomatic nmDMD carriers treated with ataluren, overall followed for 193 months. Annual assessment of muscle strength, pulmonary lung function tests, and echocardiography, indicate a mild attenuation of disease progression under treatment.. There were no adverse clinical effects or relevant abnormalities in routine laboratory tests. We can conclude that ataluren appears to stabilize, if not slightly improve, the clinical course of patients with a good safety profile, especially if we consider that the treatment was late for 3/4 patients, at a mean age of 36.6 ± 10.6 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Dori
- Department of Neurology, Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, HaShomer, and Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Aviv University, Aviv, Israel
| | - Michela Guglieri
- John Walton Muscular Dystrophy Research Centre, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Marianna Scutifero
- Cardiomyology and Medical Genetics, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigia Passamano
- Cardiomyology and Medical Genetics, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Trabacca
- Unit for serious disabilities of developmental and young adult age, Developmental Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS “E. Medea” - “Our Family” Association, Brindisi, Italy
| | - Luisa Politano
- Cardiomyology and Medical Genetics, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy,“G. Torre” Association for Muscular Dystrophies Research Unit, Naples, Italy,Correspondence Luisa Politano Associazione Centro Gaetano Torre per Le Malattie Muscolari, Unità di Ricerca, via C. Guerra 10, Marano di Napoli, (NA) Italy. E-mail:
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