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Frank C, Salapa HE, Allen KJH, Levin MC, Dawicki W, Dadachova E. Antibody-Mediated Depletion of Autoreactive T Lymphocytes through PD-1 Improves Disease Outcomes and Visualizes T Cell Activation in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:1647-1657. [PMID: 38578274 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Long-term therapeutic outcomes of multiple sclerosis (MS) remain hindered by the chronic nature of immune cell stimulation toward self-antigens. Development of novel methods to target and deplete autoreactive T lymphocytes remains an attractive target for therapeutics for MS. We developed a programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)-targeted radiolabeled mAb and assessed its ability to deplete activated PD-1+ T lymphocytes in vitro and its ability to reduce disease burden of the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55 experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model in C57BL/6 mice. We also investigated the upregulation of PD-1 on infiltrating lymphocytes in an animal model of MS. Finally, we demonstrate the (to our knowledge) first reported positron-emission tomography/computed tomography imaging of activated PD-1+ cells in the EAE animal model of MS. We found that the 177Lu radioisotope-labeled anti-PD-1 mAb demonstrated significant in vitro cytotoxicity toward activated CD4+PD-1+ T lymphocytes and led to significant reduction in overall disease progression in the EAE animal model. Our results show high expression of PD-1 on infiltrating lymphocytes in the spinal cords of EAE diseased animals. Positron-emission tomography/computed tomography imaging of the anti-PD-1 mAb demonstrated significant uptake in the cervical draining lymph nodes highlighting accumulation of activated lymphocytes. Targeted depletion of T lymphocytes using T cell activation markers such as PD-1 may present a novel method to reduce autoimmune attack and inflammation in autoimmune diseases such as MS. Development of multimodal nuclear theranostic agents may present the opportunity to monitor T cell activation via imaging radioisotopes and simultaneously treat MS using therapeutic radioisotopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Frank
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Hannah E Salapa
- Office of Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, Cameco MS Neuroscience Research Centre, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Neurology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Kevin J H Allen
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Michael C Levin
- Office of Saskatchewan Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Research Chair, Cameco MS Neuroscience Research Centre, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Neurology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Wojciech Dawicki
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Dadachova
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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2
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Zhang X, Lin Z, Feng Y, Kang F, Wang J, Lan X. Melanin-Targeting Radiotracers and Their Preclinical, Translational, and Clinical Status: From Past to Future. J Nucl Med 2024; 65:19S-28S. [PMID: 38719238 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.266945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanin is one of the representative biomarkers of malignant melanoma and a potential target for diagnosis and therapy. With advancements in chemistry and radiolabeling technologies, promising strides have been made to synthesize radiolabeled melanin-binding molecules for various applications. We present an overview of melanin-targeted radiolabeled molecules and compare their features reported in preclinical studies. Clinical practice and trials are also discussed to elaborate on the safety and validity of the probes, and expanded applications beyond melanoma are reviewed. Melanin-targeted imaging holds potential value in the diagnosis, staging, and prognostic assessment of melanoma and other applications. Melanin-targeted radionuclide therapy possesses immense potential but requires more clinical validation. Furthermore, an intriguing avenue for future research involves expanding the application scope of melanin-targeted probes and exploring their value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China; and
| | - Zhaoguo Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China; and
| | - Yuan Feng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China; and
| | - Fei Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoli Lan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China;
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China; and
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3
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Chen YN, Fu XR, Guo H, Fu XY, Shi KS, Gao T, Yu HQ. YY1-induced lncRNA00511 promotes melanoma progression via the miR-150-5p/ADAM19 axis. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:809-831. [PMID: 38455406 PMCID: PMC10915319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are therapeutic targets and key regulators of tumors development and progression, including melanoma. Long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA 511 (LINC00511) has been demonstrated as an oncogenic molecule in breast, stomach, colorectal, and lung cancers. However, the precise role and functional mechanisms of LINC00511 in melanoma remain unknown. This study confirmed that LINC00511 was highly expressed in melanoma cells (A375 and SK-Mel-28 cells) and tissues, knockdown of LINC00511 could inhibit melanoma cell migration and invasion, as well as the growth of subcutaneous tumor xenografts in vivo. By using Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, it was demonstrated that the transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is capable of binding to the LINC00511 promoter and enhancing its expression in cis. Further mechanistic investigation showed that LINC00511 was mainly enriched in the cytoplasm of melanoma cells and interacted directly with microRNA-150-5p (miR-150-5p). Consistently, the knockdown of miR-150-5p could recover the effects of LINC00511 knockdown on melanoma cells. Furthermore, ADAM metallopeptidase domain expression 19 (ADAM19) was identified as a downstream target of miR-150-5p, and overexpression of ADAM19 could promote melanoma cell proliferation. Rescue assays indicated that LINC00511 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to sponge miR-150-5p and increase the expression of ADAM19, thereby activating the PI3K/AKT pathway. In summary, we identified LINC00511 as an oncogenic lncRNA in melanoma and defined the LINC00511/miR-150-5p/ADAM19 axis, which might be considered a potential therapeutic target and novel molecular mechanism the treatment of patients with melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ni Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xin-Rui Fu
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hua Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xin-Yao Fu
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ke-Song Shi
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Tian Gao
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hai-Quan Yu
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
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Carvalho JL, Malo ME, Allen KJ, Frank C, Xiao Z, Jiao R, Dadachova E. Radioimmunotherapy as a pathogen-agnostic treatment method for opportunistic mucormycosis infections. Access Microbiol 2023; 5:000671.v4. [PMID: 38188245 PMCID: PMC10765049 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000671.v4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) such as mucormycosis are causing devastating morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients as anti-fungal agents do not work in the setting of a suppressed immune system. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created a novel landscape for IFIs in post-pandemic patients, resulting from severe immune suppression caused by COVID-19 infection, comorbidities (diabetes, obesity) and immunosuppressive treatments such as steroids. The antigen-antibody interaction has been employed in radioimmunotherapy (RIT) to deliver lethal doses of ionizing radiation emitted by radionuclides to targeted cells and has demonstrated efficacy in several cancers. One of the advantages of RIT is its independence of the immune status of a host, which is crucial for immunosuppressed post-COVID-19 patients. In the present work we targeted the fungal pan-antigens 1,3-beta-glucan and melanin pigment, which are present in the majority of pathogenic fungi, with RIT, thus making such targeting pathogen-agnostic. We demonstrated in experimental murine mucormycosis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised mice that lutetium-177 (177Lu)-labelled antibodies to these two antigens effectively decreased the fungal burden in major organs, including the brain. These results are encouraging because they show the effectiveness of pathogen-agnostic RIT in significantly decreasing fungal burden in vivo, while they can also potentially be applied to treat the broad range of invasive fungal infections that express the pan-antigens 1,3-beta-glucan or melanin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L.C. Carvalho
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Mackenzie E. Malo
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Kevin J.H. Allen
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Connor Frank
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Zhiwen Xiao
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Rubin Jiao
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Dadachova
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada
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5
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Jiao R, Allen KJH, Malo ME, Yilmaz O, Wilson J, Nelson BJB, Wuest F, Dadachova E. A Theranostic Approach to Imaging and Treating Melanoma with 203Pb/ 212Pb-Labeled Antibody Targeting Melanin. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3856. [PMID: 37568672 PMCID: PMC10416844 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma is a deadly disease that claims thousands of lives each year despite the introduction of several immunotherapeutic agents into the clinic over the past decade, inspiring the development of novel therapeutics and the exploration of combination therapies. Our investigations target melanin pigment with melanin-specific radiolabeled antibodies as a strategy to treat metastatic melanoma. In this study, a theranostic approach was applied by first labeling a chimeric antibody targeting melanin, c8C3, with the SPECT radionuclide 203Pb for microSPECT/CT imaging of C57Bl6 mice bearing B16-F10 melanoma tumors. Imaging was followed by radioimmunotherapy (RIT), whereby the c8C3 antibody is radiolabeled with a 212Pb/212Bi "in vivo generator", which emits cytotoxic alpha particles. Using microSPECT/CT, we collected sequential images of B16-F10 murine tumors to investigate antibody biodistribution. Treatment with the 212Pb/212Bi-labeled c8C3 antibody demonstrated a dose-response in tumor growth rate in the 5-10 µCi dose range when compared to the untreated and radiolabeled control antibody and a significant prolongation in survival. No hematologic or systemic toxicity of the treatment was observed. However, administration of higher doses resulted in a biphasic tumor dose response, with the efficacy of treatment decreasing when the administered doses exceeded 10 µCi. These results underline the need for more pre-clinical investigation of targeting melanin with 212Pb-labeled antibodies before the clinical utility of such an approach can be assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubin Jiao
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (R.J.); (K.J.H.A.); (M.E.M.); (O.Y.)
| | - Kevin J. H. Allen
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (R.J.); (K.J.H.A.); (M.E.M.); (O.Y.)
| | - Mackenzie E. Malo
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (R.J.); (K.J.H.A.); (M.E.M.); (O.Y.)
| | - Orhan Yilmaz
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (R.J.); (K.J.H.A.); (M.E.M.); (O.Y.)
| | - John Wilson
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada; (J.W.); (B.J.B.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Bryce J. B. Nelson
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada; (J.W.); (B.J.B.N.); (F.W.)
| | - Frank Wuest
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada; (J.W.); (B.J.B.N.); (F.W.)
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Dadachova
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; (R.J.); (K.J.H.A.); (M.E.M.); (O.Y.)
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6
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7
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Edelmann MR. Radiolabelling small and biomolecules for tracking and monitoring. RSC Adv 2022; 12:32383-32400. [PMID: 36425706 PMCID: PMC9650631 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06236d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiolabelling small molecules with beta-emitters has been intensively explored in the last decades and novel concepts for the introduction of radionuclides continue to be reported regularly. New catalysts that induce carbon/hydrogen activation are able to incorporate isotopes such as deuterium or tritium into small molecules. However, these established labelling approaches have limited applicability for nucleic acid-based drugs, therapeutic antibodies, or peptides, which are typical of the molecules now being investigated as novel therapeutic modalities. These target molecules are usually larger (significantly >1 kDa), mostly multiply charged, and often poorly soluble in organic solvents. However, in preclinical research they often require radiolabelling in order to track and monitor drug candidates in metabolism, biotransformation, or pharmacokinetic studies. Currently, the most established approach to introduce a tritium atom into an oligonucleotide is based on a multistep synthesis, which leads to a low specific activity with a high level of waste and high costs. The most common way of tritiating peptides is using appropriate precursors. The conjugation of a radiolabelled prosthetic compound to a functional group within a protein sequence is a commonly applied way to introduce a radionuclide or a fluorescent tag into large molecules. This review highlights the state-of-the-art in different radiolabelling approaches for oligonucleotides, peptides, and proteins, as well as a critical assessment of the impact of the label on the properties of the modified molecules. Furthermore, applications of radiolabelled antibodies in biodistribution studies of immune complexes and imaging of brain targets are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin R Edelmann
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Therapeutic Modalities, Small Molecule Research, Isotope Synthesis, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd CH-4070 Basel Switzerland
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8
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Targeting Melanin in Melanoma with Radionuclide Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179520. [PMID: 36076924 PMCID: PMC9455397 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nearly 100,000 individuals are expected to be diagnosed with melanoma in the United States in 2022. Treatment options for late-stage metastatic disease up until the 2010s were few and offered only slight improvement to the overall survival. The introduction of B-RAF inhibitors and anti-CTLA4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapies into standard of care brought measurable increases in the overall survival across all stages of melanoma. Despite the improvement in the survival statistics, patients treated with targeted therapies and immunotherapies are subject to very serious side effects, the development of drug resistance, and the high costs of treatment. This leaves room for the development of novel approaches as well as for the exploration of novel combination therapies for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. One such approach is targeting melanin pigment with radionuclide therapy. Advances in melanin-targeting radionuclide therapy of melanoma can be viewed from two spheres: (1) radioimmunotherapy (RIT) and (2) radiolabeled small molecules. The investigation of mechanisms of the action and efficacy of targeting melanin in melanoma treatment by RIT points to the involvement of the immune system such as complement dependent cytotoxicity. The combination of RIT with immunotherapy presents synergistic killing in mouse melanoma models. The field of radiolabeled small molecules is focused on radioiodinated compounds that have the ability to cross the cellular membranes to access intracellular melanin and can be applied in both therapy and imaging as theranostics. Clinical applications of targeting melanin with radionuclide therapies have produced encouraging results and clinical work is on-going. Continued work on targeting melanin with radionuclide therapy as a monotherapy, or possibly in combination with standard of care agents, has the potential to strengthen the current treatment options for melanoma patients.
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9
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de Vor L, van Dijk B, van Kessel K, Kavanaugh JS, de Haas C, Aerts PC, Viveen MC, Boel EC, Fluit AC, Kwiecinski JM, Krijger GC, Ramakers RM, Beekman FJ, Dadachova E, Lam MGEH, Vogely HC, van der Wal BCH, van Strijp JAG, Horswill AR, Weinans H, Rooijakkers SHM. Human monoclonal antibodies against Staphylococcus aureus surface antigens recognize in vitro and in vivo biofilm. eLife 2022; 11:e67301. [PMID: 34989676 PMCID: PMC8751199 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Implant-associated Staphylococcus aureus infections are difficult to treat because of biofilm formation. Bacteria in a biofilm are often insensitive to antibiotics and host immunity. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) could provide an alternative approach to improve the diagnosis and potential treatment of biofilm-related infections. Here, we show that mAbs targeting common surface components of S. aureus can recognize clinically relevant biofilm types. The mAbs were also shown to bind a collection of clinical isolates derived from different biofilm-associated infections (endocarditis, prosthetic joint, catheter). We identify two groups of antibodies: one group that uniquely binds S. aureus in biofilm state and one that recognizes S. aureus in both biofilm and planktonic state. Furthermore, we show that a mAb recognizing wall teichoic acid (clone 4497) specifically localizes to a subcutaneously implanted pre-colonized catheter in mice. In conclusion, we demonstrate the capacity of several human mAbs to detect S. aureus biofilms in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne de Vor
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Bruce van Dijk
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Kok van Kessel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Jeffrey S Kavanaugh
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraUnited States
| | - Carla de Haas
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Piet C Aerts
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Marco C Viveen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Edwin C Boel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Ad C Fluit
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Jakub M Kwiecinski
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraUnited States
| | - Gerard C Krijger
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Ruud M Ramakers
- MILabs B.VUtrechtNetherlands
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical CenterUtrechtNetherlands
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of TechnologyDelftNetherlands
| | - Freek J Beekman
- MILabs B.VUtrechtNetherlands
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical CenterUtrechtNetherlands
- Department of Radiation Science and Technology, Delft University of TechnologyDelftNetherlands
| | - Ekaterina Dadachova
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonCanada
| | - Marnix GEH Lam
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - H Charles Vogely
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Bart CH van der Wal
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Jos AG van Strijp
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
| | - Alexander R Horswill
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraUnited States
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Eastern Colorado Health Care SystemDenverUnited States
| | - Harrie Weinans
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
- Department of Biomechanical engineering, TU DelftDelftNetherlands
| | - Suzan HM Rooijakkers
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Centre UtrechtUtrechtNetherlands
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Roshanravan V, Soltani E, Hasanzadeh Haddad E, Sadeghi R, Sahebkari A, Mottaghi M, Aghaee A. Incidental Synchronous 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC Avid Lesion of the Neck in a Patient with Metastatic Melanoma: A Metastatic Lymph Node or a Carotid Body Tumor Masquerading As a Lymph Node? ASIA OCEANIA JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2022; 10:138-141. [PMID: 35800421 PMCID: PMC9205846 DOI: 10.22038/aojnmb.2021.59706.1415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A 53-year-old woman with a plantar malignant melanoma lesion was referred to our tertiary clinic for sentinel lymph node mapping. Lymphoscintigraphy with 99mTc-Phytate detected ipsilateral inguinal and popliteal sentinel nodes. After total resection of nodes, the pathology report confirmed that all specimens were involved by the tumor. As part of an institutional study evaluating somatostatin receptor avidity of melanoma by 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC scan, she also underwent a whole-body octreotide scan, which surprisingly showed intense tracer uptake in the right cervical region, confining in SPECT/CT images to a mass at the C2 spinal level, adjacent to the right carotid bifurcation. Neck surgery with gamma probe after injection of another dose of 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC was performed successfully, and the pathology report was consistent with a carotid body tumor. To best our knowledge, our case is the first one in the literature, which reports an incidental paraganglioma with 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC scan which resected via radio-guided surgery, again with 99mTc-HYNIC-TOC tracer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Roshanravan
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Soltani
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Ramin Sadeghi
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Azadeh Sahebkari
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mottaghi
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Atena Aghaee
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Corresponding author: Atena Aghaee. Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Tel: 05138012765;
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11
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Marotte L, Capitao M, Deleine C, Beauvais T, Cadiou G, Perrin J, Chérel M, Scotet E, Guilloux Y, Bruchertseifer F, Morgenstern A, Jarry A, Gaschet J, Labarriere N. Anti-tumor efficacy of a combination therapy with PD-L1 targeted alpha therapy and adoptive cell transfer of PD-1 deficient melanoma-specific human T-lymphocytes. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1940676. [PMID: 34239774 PMCID: PMC8237992 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1940676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The optimization of adoptive transfer approaches of anti-tumor T cells requires both the functional improvement of the injected T cells and the modulation of the tumor microenvironment, favoring the recruitment of these T cells and their activation. We have recently shown the therapeutic benefit of two approaches tested individually in a melanoma model wich were on one hand the adoptive transfer of specific T cells deficient for the expression of the inhibitory receptor PD-1, and on the other hand PD-L1 targeted alpha therapy (TAT). In this study, we sought to investigate the efficacy of these two therapies combined, compared to each monotherapy, in order to evaluate the synergy between these two approaches, in the same melanoma model. Here we used melanoma-specific T-cell clones, previously validated for the edition of PDCD1 gene and with previously demonstrated superior anti-tumor activity than their wild-type counterparts, after adoptive transfer in NSG mice engrafted with PD-L1 expressing human melanoma tumors. We also used a previously validated TAT approach, using a 213Bi-anti-human-PD-L1 mAb, alone or in combination with adoptive cell transfer, in the same mouse model. We confirmed previous results obtained with each monotherapy and documented the safety and the superior ability of a combination between the adoptive transfer of PD-1 deficient T cells and TAT targeting PD-L1 to control the growth of melanoma tumors in NSG mice. This study provides the first proof-of-concept of the efficacy of a combination therapy using TAT, adoptive cell transfer and genomic editing of IC-coding genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Marotte
- Université De Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - M Capitao
- Université De Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - C Deleine
- Université De Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - T Beauvais
- LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France.,Université De Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, CRCINA, CHU of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - G Cadiou
- Université De Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - J Perrin
- Université De Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - M Chérel
- Université De Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, CRCINA, ICO Gauducheau, Nantes, France.,LabEx IRON "Innovative Radiopharmaceuticals in Oncology and Neurology", Nantes, France.,GIP Arronax, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - E Scotet
- Université De Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Y Guilloux
- Université De Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - F Bruchertseifer
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A Morgenstern
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A Jarry
- Université De Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - J Gaschet
- Université De Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - N Labarriere
- Université De Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, CRCINA, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
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Eychenne R, Chérel M, Haddad F, Guérard F, Gestin JF. Overview of the Most Promising Radionuclides for Targeted Alpha Therapy: The "Hopeful Eight". Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13060906. [PMID: 34207408 PMCID: PMC8234975 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Among all existing radionuclides, only a few are of interest for therapeutic applications and more specifically for targeted alpha therapy (TAT). From this selection, actinium-225, astatine-211, bismuth-212, bismuth-213, lead-212, radium-223, terbium-149 and thorium-227 are considered as the most suitable. Despite common general features, they all have their own physical characteristics that make them singular and so promising for TAT. These radionuclides were largely studied over the last two decades, leading to a better knowledge of their production process and chemical behavior, allowing for an increasing number of biological evaluations. The aim of this review is to summarize the main properties of these eight chosen radionuclides. An overview from their availability to the resulting clinical studies, by way of chemical design and preclinical studies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Eychenne
- Groupement d’Intérêt Public ARRONAX, 1 Rue Aronnax, F-44817 Saint-Herblain, France;
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes—Angers (CRCINA)—UMR 1232, ERL 6001, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (F.G.)
- Correspondence: (R.E.); (J.-F.G.)
| | - Michel Chérel
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes—Angers (CRCINA)—UMR 1232, ERL 6001, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (F.G.)
| | - Férid Haddad
- Groupement d’Intérêt Public ARRONAX, 1 Rue Aronnax, F-44817 Saint-Herblain, France;
- Laboratoire Subatech, UMR 6457, Université de Nantes, IMT Atlantique, CNRS, Subatech, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - François Guérard
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes—Angers (CRCINA)—UMR 1232, ERL 6001, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (F.G.)
| | - Jean-François Gestin
- Université de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes—Angers (CRCINA)—UMR 1232, ERL 6001, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (F.G.)
- Correspondence: (R.E.); (J.-F.G.)
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13
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Capitao M, Perrin J, Simon S, Gouard S, Chouin N, Bruchertseifer F, Morgenstern A, Rbah-Vidal L, Chérel M, Scotet E, Labarrière N, Guilloux Y, Gaschet J. Anti-Tumor Efficacy of PD-L1 Targeted Alpha-Particle Therapy in a Human Melanoma Xenograft Model. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061256. [PMID: 33809167 PMCID: PMC8000940 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In recent years, the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti-PD‑1 and anti-PD-L1, proved to prolong melanoma patient survival and are now used in routine clinical practice. PD-L1 also represents a potent biomarker for in vivo molecular imaging using radiolabeled anti-PD-L1 mAbs and positron emission tomography and is currently in development to select patients and assess response to treatment. The aim of our study was to investigate in a preclinical model of human melanoma if PD-L1 could also be a good target for treatment using targeted alpha-particle therapy. Our results show that targeting PD-L1 with bismuth-213, an alpha particle emitter, was associated with efficient anti-tumor response, significant tumor growth delay, and improved survival. This demonstrates that anti-PD-L1 antibodies could be used as theranostics in molecular imaging but also in targeted alpha-particle therapy to treat the tumor and its stroma. Abstract PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1, B7-H1, CD274), the ligand for PD-1 inhibitory receptor, is expressed on various tumors, and its expression is correlated with a poor prognosis in melanoma. Anti-PD-L1 mAbs have been developed along with anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies for immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy, and anti-PD-1 mAbs are now used as first line treatment in melanoma. However, many patients do not respond to ICI therapies, and therefore new treatment alternatives should be developed. Because of its expression on the tumor cells and on immunosuppressive cells within the tumor microenvironment, PD-L1 represents an interesting target for targeted alpha-particle therapy (TAT). We developed a TAT approach in a human melanoma xenograft model that stably expresses PD-L1 using a 213Bi-anti-human-PD-L1 mAb. Unlike treatment with unlabeled anti-human-PD-L1 mAb, TAT targeting PD-L1 significantly delayed melanoma tumor growth and improved animal survival. A slight decrease in platelets was observed, but no toxicity on red blood cells, bone marrow, liver or kidney was induced. Anti-tumor efficacy was associated with specific tumor targeting since no therapeutic effect was observed in animals bearing PD-L1 negative melanoma tumors. This study demonstrates that anti-PD-L1 antibodies may be used efficiently for TAT treatment in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Capitao
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Inserm, CRCINA, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (J.P.); (S.S.); (S.G.); (L.R.-V.); (E.S.); (N.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Justine Perrin
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Inserm, CRCINA, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (J.P.); (S.S.); (S.G.); (L.R.-V.); (E.S.); (N.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Sylvain Simon
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Inserm, CRCINA, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (J.P.); (S.S.); (S.G.); (L.R.-V.); (E.S.); (N.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Sébastien Gouard
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Inserm, CRCINA, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (J.P.); (S.S.); (S.G.); (L.R.-V.); (E.S.); (N.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Nicolas Chouin
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Inserm, Oniris, CRCINA, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Frank Bruchertseifer
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Directorate for Nuclear Safety and Security, G-76344 Karlsruhe, Germany; (F.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Alfred Morgenstern
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Directorate for Nuclear Safety and Security, G-76344 Karlsruhe, Germany; (F.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Latifa Rbah-Vidal
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Inserm, CRCINA, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (J.P.); (S.S.); (S.G.); (L.R.-V.); (E.S.); (N.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Michel Chérel
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Inserm, ICO Gauducheau, GIP Arronax, CRCINA, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Emmanuel Scotet
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Inserm, CRCINA, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (J.P.); (S.S.); (S.G.); (L.R.-V.); (E.S.); (N.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Nathalie Labarrière
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Inserm, CRCINA, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (J.P.); (S.S.); (S.G.); (L.R.-V.); (E.S.); (N.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yannick Guilloux
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Inserm, CRCINA, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (J.P.); (S.S.); (S.G.); (L.R.-V.); (E.S.); (N.L.); (Y.G.)
| | - Joëlle Gaschet
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Inserm, CRCINA, F-44000 Nantes, France; (M.C.); (J.P.); (S.S.); (S.G.); (L.R.-V.); (E.S.); (N.L.); (Y.G.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Mechanistic Insights into Synergy between Melanin-Targeting Radioimmunotherapy and Immunotherapy in Experimental Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228721. [PMID: 33218169 PMCID: PMC7698872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma incidence continues to rise, and while therapeutic approaches for early stage cases are effective, metastatic melanoma continues to be associated with high mortality. Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has demonstrated clinical success with approved drugs in cohorts of patients with metastatic melanoma and targeted radionuclide therapy strategies showed promise in several clinical trials against various cancers including metastatic melanoma. This led our group to investigate the combination of these two treatments which could be potentially offered to patients with metastatic melanoma not responsive to ICB alone. Previously, we have demonstrated that a combination of humanized anti-melanin antibody conjugated to 213Bismuth and anti-PD-1 ICB reduced tumor growth and increased survival in the Cloudman S91 murine melanoma DBA/2 mouse model. In the current study, we sought to improve the tumoricidal effect by using the long-lived radionuclides 177Lutetium and 225Actinium. Male Cloudman S91-bearing DBA/2 mice were treated intraperitoneally with PBS (Sham), unlabeled antibody to melanin, anti-PD-1 ICB, 177Lutetium or 225Actinium RIT, or a combination of ICB and RIT. Treatment with anti-PD-1 alone or low-dose 177Lutetium RIT alone resulted in modest tumor reduction, while their combination significantly reduced tumor growth and increased survival, suggesting synergy. 225Actinium RIT, alone or in combination with ICB, showed no therapeutic benefit, suggesting that the two radionuclides with different energetic properties work in distinct ways. We did not detect an increase in tumor-infiltrating T cells in the tumor microenvironment, which suggests the involvement of alternative mechanisms that improve the effect of combination therapy beyond that observed in the single therapies.
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Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer with a very high mortality rate. Early diagnosis of the disease, the utilization of more potent pharmacological agents, and more effective drug delivery systems are essential to achieve an optimal treatment plan. The applications of nanotechnology to improve therapeutic efficacy and early diagnosis for melanoma treatment have received great interest among researchers and clinicians. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of utilizing various nanomaterials for theranostics of melanoma. The key importance of using nanomaterials for theranostics of melanoma is to improve efficacy and reduce side effects, ensuring safe implementation in clinical use. As opposed to conventional in vitro diagnostic methods, in vivo medical imaging technologies have the advantages of being a type of non-invasive, real-time monitoring. Several common nanoparticles, including ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, silica nanoparticles, and carbon-based nanoparticles, have been applied to deliver chemotherapeutic agents for the theranostics of melanoma. The application of nanomaterials for theranostics in molecular imaging (MRI, PET, US, OI, etc.) plays an important role in targeting drug delivery of melanoma, by monitoring the distribution site of the molecular imaging probe and the therapeutic drug in the body in real-time. Hence, it is worthwhile to anticipate the approval of these nanomaterials for theranostics in molecular imaging by the US Food and Drug Administration in clinical trials.
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Safety Evaluation of an Alpha-Emitter Bismuth-213 Labeled Antibody to (1→3)-β-Glucan in Healthy Dogs as a Prelude for a Trial in Companion Dogs with Invasive Fungal Infections. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163604. [PMID: 32784359 PMCID: PMC7465188 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: With the limited options available for therapy to treat invasive fungal infections (IFI), radioimmunotherapy (RIT) can potentially offer an effective alternative treatment. Microorganism-specific monoclonal antibodies have shown promising results in the experimental treatment of fungal, bacterial, and viral infections, including our recent and encouraging results from treating mice infected with Blastomyces dermatitidis with 213Bi-labeled antibody 400-2 to (1→3)-β-glucan. In this work, we performed a safety study of 213Bi-400-2 antibody in healthy dogs as a prelude for a clinical trial in companion dogs with acquired invasive fungal infections and later on in human patients with IFI. Methods: Three female beagle dogs (≈6.1 kg body weight) were treated intravenously with 155.3, 142.5, or 133.2 MBq of 213Bi-400-2 given as three subfractions over an 8 h period. RBC, WBC, platelet, and blood serum biochemistry parameters were measured periodically for 6 months post injection. Results: No significant acute or long-term side effects were observed after RIT injections; only a few parameters were mildly and transiently outside reference change value limits, and a transient atypical morphology was observed in the circulating lymphocyte population of two dogs. Conclusions: These results demonstrate the safety of systemic 213Bi-400-2 administration in dogs and provide encouragement to pursue evaluation of RIT of IFI in companion dogs.
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Zhu L, Wang Y, Yang C, Li Y, Zheng Z, Wu L, Zhou H. Long non-coding RNA MIAT promotes the growth of melanoma via targeting miR-150. Hum Cell 2020; 33:819-829. [PMID: 32300960 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-020-00340-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is a common skin cancer and it can lead to high mortality probably by early invasion and metastasis. LncRNA MIAT is involved in tumor proliferation, invasion and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the roles of MIAT in melanoma still require further investigation. Thus, the aim of the study is to investigate the roles of MIAT in melanoma, especially the effects of MIAT on EMT of melanoma cancer cells. The results showed that the expression of MIAT was significantly upregulated in melanoma tissue and cells compared with the normal skin and normal melanocytes; moreover, miR-150 was confirmed as a target of MIAT. Furthermore, knockdown of MIAT inhibited cell proliferation and invasion in melanoma cancer cells and transfection of miR-150 inhibitors partial abrogated the anti-tumor effects of MIAT siRNA. In addition, MIAT siRNA also inhibited the EMT of melanoma cells, while miR-150 inhibitors can reverse the effects of MIAT siRNA. Finally, knockdown of MIAT also inhibited the carcinogenic effects of melanoma in vivo by targeting miR-150. In conclusion, we reported that MIAT promotes the proliferation, invasion and EMT of melanoma cells via targeting miR-150, which suggested that MIAT might be a therapeutic target for the treatment of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Yexiao Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chaoying Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Yanchang Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Zhixin Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Liangcai Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China.
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Helal M, Allen KJH, van Dijk B, Nosanchuk JD, Snead E, Dadachova E. Radioimmunotherapy of Blastomycosis in a Mouse Model With a (1→3)-β-Glucans Targeting Antibody. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:147. [PMID: 32117166 PMCID: PMC7019017 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections (IFI) cause devastating morbidity and mortality, with the number of IFIs more than tripling since 1979. Our laboratories were the first to demonstrate that radiolabeled microorganism-specific monoclonal antibodies are highly effective for treatment of experimental fungal, bacterial and viral infections. Later we proposed to utilize surface expressed pan-antigens shared by major IFI-causing pathogens such as beta-glucans as RIT targets. Here we evaluated in vivo RIT targeting beta-glucan in Blastomyces dermatitidis which causes serious infections in immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals and in companion dogs. B. dermatitidis cells were treated with the 400-2 antibody to (1→3)-β-glucans radiolabeled with the beta-emitter 177Lutetium (177Lu) and alpha-emitter 213Bismuth (213Bi) and the efficacy of cell kill was determined by colony forming units (CFUs). To determine the antigen-specific localization of the 400-2 antibody in vivo, C57BL6 mice were infected intratracheally with 2 × 105B. dermatitidis cells and given 111In-400-2 antibody 24 h later. To evaluate the killing of B. dermatitidis cells with RIT, intratracheally infected mice were treated with 150 μCi 213Bi-400-2 and their lungs analyzed for CFUs 96 h post-infection. 213Bi-400-2 proved to be more effective in killing B. dermatitidis cells in vitro than 177Lu-400-2. Three times more 111In-400-2 accumulated in the lungs of infected mice, than in the non-infected ones. 213Bi-400-2 lowered the fungal burden in the lungs of infected mice more than 2 logs in comparison with non-treated infected controls. In conclusion, our results demonstrate the ability of an anti-(1-3)-beta-D-glucan antibody armed with an alpha-emitter 213Bi to selectively kill B. dermatitidis cells in vitro and in vivo. These first in vivo results of the effectiveness of RIT targeting pan-antigens on fungal pathogens warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muath Helal
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Kevin J H Allen
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Bruce van Dijk
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Joshua D Nosanchuk
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Elisabeth Snead
- Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Dadachova
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Evaluating the Combination of Radioimmunotherapy and Immunotherapy in a Melanoma Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030773. [PMID: 31991626 PMCID: PMC7037880 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has changed the oncology landscape during the last decade and become standard of care for several cancers. The combinations of immunotherapy with other treatment modalities are also being investigated. One of the challenges to investigate such combinations is to identify suitable mouse models for the pre-clinical experiments. In the past, we and other researchers showed that murine B16-F10 melanoma in C57Bl6 mice is refractory to treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this work we studied the suitability of an alternative syngeneic model, Cloudman S91 murine melanoma in DBA/2 mouse (DBA/2NCrl), to study the combination of immunotherapy targeting PD-1 and radioimmunotherapy targeting melanin. DBA/2 male and female mice were injected subcutaneously with 3-6 million Cloudman S91 cells. When the tumors reached ~150 mm3 volume, the animals were treated intraperitoneally with PBS (sham), h8C3 unlabeled (cold) antibody to melanin, immunotherapy with anti-PD-1 antibody, radioimmunotherapy with 213Bismuth (213Bi)-labeled h8C3 antibody, or several combinations of immunotherapy and radioimmunotherapy. Treatments with immunotherapy alone produced very modest effect on the tumor size, while combination therapy resulted in significant slowing down of the tumor growth, increased animal survival, and no decrease in animal body weight. We conclude that Cloudman S91 murine melanoma in DBA/2 mouse is a suitable model to evaluate combination of immunotherapy of melanoma with tangentially targeted treatments.
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