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Compant S, Cassan F, Kostić T, Johnson L, Brader G, Trognitz F, Sessitsch A. Harnessing the plant microbiome for sustainable crop production. Nat Rev Microbiol 2024:10.1038/s41579-024-01079-1. [PMID: 39147829 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01079-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Global research on the plant microbiome has enhanced our understanding of the complex interactions between plants and microorganisms. The structure and functions of plant-associated microorganisms, as well as the genetic, biochemical, physical and metabolic factors that influence the beneficial traits of plant microbiota have also been intensively studied. Harnessing the plant microbiome has led to the development of various microbial applications to improve crop productivity in the face of a range of challenges, for example, climate change, abiotic and biotic stresses, and declining soil properties. Microorganisms, particularly nitrogen-fixing rhizobia as well as mycorrhizae and biocontrol agents, have been applied for decades to improve plant nutrition and health. Still, there are limitations regarding efficacy and consistency under field conditions. Also, the wealth of expanding knowledge on microbiome diversity, functions and interactions represents a huge source of information to exploit for new types of application. In this Review, we explore plant microbiome functions, mechanisms, assembly and types of interaction, and discuss current applications and their pitfalls. Furthermore, we elaborate on how the latest findings in plant microbiome research may lead to the development of new or more advanced applications. Finally, we discuss research gaps to fully leverage microbiome functions for sustainable plant production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tanja Kostić
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Günter Brader
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Vienna, Austria
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Ansari MM, Bisht N, Singh T, Chauhan PS. Symphony of survival: Insights into cross-talk mechanisms in plants, bacteria, and fungi for strengthening plant immune responses. Microbiol Res 2024; 285:127762. [PMID: 38763015 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Plants coexist with a diverse array of microorganisms, predominantly bacteria and fungi, in both natural and agricultural environments. While some microorganisms positively influence plant development and yield, others can cause harm to the host, leading to significant adverse impacts on the environment and the economy. Plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM), including plant growth-promoting bacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), and rhizobia, have been found to increase plant biomass production by synthesizing hormones, fixing nitrogen, and solubilizing phosphate and potassium. Numerous studies have contributed to unraveling the complex process of plant-microbe interactions in recent decades. In light of the increasing global challenges such as population growth, climate change, and resource scarcity, it has become imperative to explore the potential of plant-bacteria-fungi crosstalk in promoting sustainability. This review aims to bridge existing knowledge gaps, providing a roadmap for future research in this dynamic field by synthesizing current knowledge and identifying emerging trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Mogees Ansari
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Nikita Bisht
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, India
| | - Tanya Singh
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Puneet Singh Chauhan
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
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Sharma M, Sood G, Chauhan A. Assessment of Plant Growth Promotion Potential of Endophytic Bacterium B. subtilis KU21 Isolated from Rosmarinus officinalis. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:207. [PMID: 38831110 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03734-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The current study aimed to evaluate the plant growth-promoting (PGP) potential of endophytic strain Bacillus subtilis KU21 isolated from the roots of Rosmarinus officinalis. The strain exhibited multiple traits of plant growth promotion viz., phosphate (P) solubilization, nitrogen fixation, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), siderophore, hydrogen cyanide (HCN), lytic enzymes production, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity. The isolate also exhibited antagonistic activity against phytopathogenic fungi, i.e., Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium graminiarum, and Rhizoctonia solani. The P-solubilization activity of B. subtilis KU21 was further elucidated via detection of glucose dehydrogenase (gdh) gene involved in the production of gluconic acid which is responsible for P-solubilization. Further, B. subtilis KU21 was evaluated for in vivo growth promotion studies of tomato (test crop) under net house conditions. A remarkable increase in seed germination, plant growth parameters, nutrient acquisition, and soil quality parameters (NPK) was observed in B. subtilis KU21-treated plants over untreated control. Hence, the proposed module could be recommended for sustainable tomato production in the Northwest Himalayan region without compromising soil health and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minakshi Sharma
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
| | - Gaurav Sood
- Department of Soil Science and Water Management, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Anjali Chauhan
- Department of Soil Science and Water Management, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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Roychowdhury R, Mishra S, Anand G, Dalal D, Gupta R, Kumar A, Gupta R. Decoding the molecular mechanism underlying salicylic acid (SA)-mediated plant immunity: an integrated overview from its biosynthesis to the mode of action. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14399. [PMID: 38894599 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) is an important phytohormone, well-known for its regulatory role in shaping plant immune responses. In recent years, significant progress has been made in unravelling the molecular mechanisms underlying SA biosynthesis, perception, and downstream signalling cascades. Through the concerted efforts employing genetic, biochemical, and omics approaches, our understanding of SA-mediated defence responses has undergone remarkable expansion. In general, following SA biosynthesis through Avr effectors of the pathogens, newly synthesized SA undergoes various biochemical changes to achieve its active/inactive forms (e.g. methyl salicylate). The activated SA subsequently triggers signalling pathways associated with the perception of pathogen-derived signals, expression of defence genes, and induction of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to tailor the intricate regulatory networks that coordinate plant immune responses. Nonetheless, the mechanistic understanding of SA-mediated plant immune regulation is currently limited because of its crosstalk with other signalling networks, which makes understanding this hormone signalling more challenging. This comprehensive review aims to provide an integrated overview of SA-mediated plant immunity, deriving current knowledge from diverse research outcomes. Through the integration of case studies, experimental evidence, and emerging trends, this review offers insights into the regulatory mechanisms governing SA-mediated immunity and signalling. Additionally, this review discusses the potential applications of SA-mediated defence strategies in crop improvement, disease management, and sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Roychowdhury
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO) - Volcani Institute, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Sapna Mishra
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO) - Volcani Institute, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Gautam Anand
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO) - Volcani Institute, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Debalika Dalal
- Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati Central University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Rupali Gupta
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO) - Volcani Institute, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Gupta
- College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea
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El Housni Z, Ezrari S, Radouane N, Tahiri A, Ouijja A, Errafii K, Hijri M. Evaluating Rhizobacterial Antagonists for Controlling Cercospora beticola and Promoting Growth in Beta vulgaris. Microorganisms 2024; 12:668. [PMID: 38674613 PMCID: PMC11052011 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cercospora beticola Sacc. is an ascomycete pathogen that causes Cercospora leaf spot in sugar beets (Beta vulgaris L.) and other related crops. It can lead to significant yield losses if not effectively managed. This study aimed to assess rhizosphere bacteria from sugar beet soil as a biological control agent against C. beticola and evaluate their effect on B. vulgaris. Following a dual-culture screening, 18 bacteria exhibiting over 50% inhibition were selected, with 6 of them demonstrating more than 80% control. The bacteria were identified by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene, revealing 12 potential species belonging to 6 genera, including Bacillus, which was represented by 4 species. Additionally, the biochemical and molecular properties of the bacteria were characterized in depth, as well as plant growth promotion. PCR analysis of the genes responsible for producing antifungal metabolites revealed that 83%, 78%, 89%, and 56% of the selected bacteria possessed bacillomycin-, iturin-, fengycin-, and surfactin-encoding genes, respectively. Infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of a lipopeptide structure in the bacterial supernatant filtrate. Subsequently, the bacteria were assessed for their effect on sugar beet plants in controlled conditions. The bacteria exhibited notable capabilities, promoting growth in both roots and shoots, resulting in significant increases in root length and weight and shoot length. A field experiment with four bacterial candidates demonstrated good performance against C. beticola compared to the difenoconazole fungicide. These bacteria played a significant role in disease control, achieving a maximum efficacy of 77.42%, slightly below the 88.51% efficacy attained with difenoconazole. Additional field trials are necessary to verify the protective and growth-promoting effects of these candidates, whether applied individually, combined in consortia, or integrated with chemical inputs in sugar beet crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakariae El Housni
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Moulay Ismail University, Zitoune, Meknès 50050, Morocco; (Z.E.H.); (A.O.)
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, BPS 40, Meknès 50001, Morocco;
| | - Said Ezrari
- Microbiology Unit, Laboratory of Bioresources, Biotechnology, Ethnopharmacology and Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Oujda, University Mohammed Premier, P.O. Box 724 Hay Al Quods, Oujda 60000, Morocco;
| | - Nabil Radouane
- African Genome Center, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco; (N.R.); (K.E.)
| | - Abdessalem Tahiri
- Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture de Meknès, BPS 40, Meknès 50001, Morocco;
| | - Abderrahman Ouijja
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Moulay Ismail University, Zitoune, Meknès 50050, Morocco; (Z.E.H.); (A.O.)
| | - Khaoula Errafii
- African Genome Center, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco; (N.R.); (K.E.)
| | - Mohamed Hijri
- African Genome Center, University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco; (N.R.); (K.E.)
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (IRBV), Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada
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Yadav U, Anand V, Kumar S, Verma I, Anshu A, Pandey IA, Kumar M, Behera SK, Srivastava S, Singh PC. Bacillus subtilis NBRI-W9 simultaneously activates SAR and ISR against Fusarium chlamydosporum NBRI-FOL7 to increase wilt resistance in tomato. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae013. [PMID: 38268411 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The study aimed to determine the pathogenicity of Fusarium species currently prevalent in tomato fields having history of chemical fungicide applications and determine the bio-efficacy of Bacillus subtilis NBRI-W9 as a potent biological control agent. METHODS AND RESULTS Fusarium was isolated from surface-sterilized infected tomato plants collected from fields. Pathogenicity of 30 Fusarium isolates was determined by in vitro and in vivo assays. Following Koch's postulates, F. chlamydosporum (FOL7) was identified as a virulent pathogen. The biological control of FOL 7 by B. subtilis NBRI-W9 (W9) and the colonization potential of W9 were established using spontaneous rifampicin-resistant mutants. W9 showed 82% inhibition of FOL7 on a dual-culture plate and colonization levels in tomato plants of ∼5.5, ∼3.3, and ∼2.2 log10 CFU/g in root, stem, and leaf tissue, respectively. Antagonistic activity was shown by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cell-wall-degradative enzymes. W9 reduced FOL7 infection in net-house and field experiments by 60% and 41%, respectively. Biochemical investigation, defence enzymes, defence gene expression analysis, SEM, and field studies provide evidence of hyperparasitism and induced resistance as the mode of biological control. The study also demonstrates that the potent biocontrol agent W9, isolated from Piper, can colonize tomato plants, control fungal disease by inducing induced systemic resistance (ISR) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) simultaneously, and increase crop yield by 21.58% under field conditions. CONCLUSIONS This study concludes that F. chlamydosporum (NBRI-FOL7) is a potent, fungicide-resistant pathogen causing wilt in tomatoes. NBRI-W9 controlled FOL7 through mycoparasitism and simultaneously activated ISR and SAR in plants, providing an attractive tool for disease control that acts at multiple levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udit Yadav
- Division of Microbial Technologies, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Vandana Anand
- Division of Microbial Technologies, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Division of Microbial Technologies, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Isha Verma
- Division of Microbial Technologies, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Anshu Anshu
- Division of Microbial Technologies, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Hasanganj, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Ishan Alok Pandey
- Division of Microbial Technologies, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, CSIR-NBRI, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Sandip Kumar Behera
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
- Division of Plant Systematics and Herbarium, CSIR-NBRI, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Suchi Srivastava
- Division of Microbial Technologies, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, CSIR-NBRI, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Poonam C Singh
- Division of Microbial Technologies, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
- Division of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, CSIR-NBRI, Lucknow 226001, India
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Meshram S, Adhikari TB. Microbiome-Mediated Strategies to Manage Major Soil-Borne Diseases of Tomato. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:364. [PMID: 38337897 PMCID: PMC10856849 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is consumed globally as a fresh vegetable due to its high nutritional value and antioxidant properties. However, soil-borne diseases can severely limit tomato production. These diseases, such as bacterial wilt (BW), Fusarium wilt (FW), Verticillium wilt (VW), and root-knot nematodes (RKN), can significantly reduce the yield and quality of tomatoes. Using agrochemicals to combat these diseases can lead to chemical residues, pesticide resistance, and environmental pollution. Unfortunately, resistant varieties are not yet available. Therefore, we must find alternative strategies to protect tomatoes from these soil-borne diseases. One of the most promising solutions is harnessing microbial communities that can suppress disease and promote plant growth and immunity. Recent omics technologies and next-generation sequencing advances can help us develop microbiome-based strategies to mitigate tomato soil-borne diseases. This review emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary approaches to understanding the utilization of beneficial microbiomes to mitigate soil-borne diseases and improve crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Meshram
- Department of Plant Pathology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144402, India;
| | - Tika B. Adhikari
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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Song J, Wang D, Han D, Zhang DD, Li R, Kong ZQ, Dai XF, Subbarao KV, Chen JY. Characterization of the Endophytic Bacillus subtilis KRS015 Strain for Its Biocontrol Efficacy Against Verticillium dahliae. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:61-72. [PMID: 37530500 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-04-23-0142-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Endophytes play important roles in promoting plant growth and controlling plant diseases. Verticillium wilt is a vascular wilt disease caused by Verticillium dahliae, a widely distributed soilborne pathogen that causes significant economic losses on cotton each year. In this study, an endophyte KRS015, isolated from the seed of the Verticillium wilt-resistant Gossypium hirsutum 'Zhongzhimian No. 2', was identified as Bacillus subtilis by morphological, phylogenetic, physiological, and biochemical analyses. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by KRS015 or its cell-free fermentation extract had significant antagonistic effects on various pathogenic fungi, including V. dahliae. KRS015 reduced Verticillium wilt index and colonization of V. dahliae in treated cotton seedlings significantly; the disease reduction rate was ∼62%. KRS015 also promoted plant growth, potentially mediated by the growth-related cotton genes GhACL5 and GhCPD-3. The cell-free fermentation extract of KRS015 triggered a hypersensitivity response, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expression of resistance-related plant genes. VOCs from KRS015 also inhibited germination of conidia and the mycelial growth of V. dahliae, and were mediated by growth and development-related genes such as VdHapX, VdMcm1, Vdpf, and Vel1. These results suggest that KRS015 is a potential agent for controlling Verticillium wilt and promoting growth of cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Song
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dongfei Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China
| | - Ran Li
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Kong
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Dai
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China
| | - Krishna V Subbarao
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, c/o U.S. Agricultural Research Station, Salinas, CA 93905
| | - Jie-Yin Chen
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China
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Kiani Dehkian Z, Taheri H, Pakdaman Sardrood B, Farkhari M. Controlling Tomato Fusarium Wilt Disease through Bacillus thuringiensis-Mediated Defense Primining. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 22:e3690. [PMID: 38827338 PMCID: PMC11139446 DOI: 10.30498/ijb.2024.394291.3690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Fusarium wilt caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) (Sacc.) W.C. Snyder and H.N. Hans is one of the most prevalent and devastating diseases of tomato plants (Solanum lycoprsicum L.) that leads to a severe reduction in crop yield almost worldwide. Objective Evaluation of biocontrol potential of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) isolate IBRC-M11096, against Fol in tomato through primin. Materials and Methods qRT-PCR technique was applied to analyze the effect of the strain on the hormonal defensive pathways; transcriptional responses of jasmonic acid (COI1, Pin2) and salicylic acid (NRP1 and PR1) pathway genes in Bt-treated plants following inoculation of Fol as compared to the plants only challenged with Fol. Also, the potential of the bacterial strain as a biocontrol agent was studied by evaluating growth indices and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC). Results The transcription of both defensive hormonal pathway genes (COI1, Pin2, NPR1, PR1) increased due to bacterial priming. The bacterial priming reduced the AUDPC compared to the inoculation with only Fol. The strain reduced the disease symptoms, and compared to the plants only challenged with the fungus, the bacterial strain significantly raised shoot dry and fresh weights and root dry weight. Conclusion Priming with the Bt strain led to improved shoot and root growth indices, reduced AUDPC, and fortified responses of both JA and SA hormonal pathways. However, further full-span studies are required to judge the efficacy of the bacterial strain in the biological control of tomato fusarium wilt under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Kiani Dehkian
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
| | - Hengameh Taheri
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
| | - Babak Pakdaman Sardrood
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
| | - Mohammad Farkhari
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
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de Los Santos Villalobos S, Félix Pablos CM, Valenzuela Ruiz V, Parra Cota FI. Bacillus mexicanus sp. nov., a biological control bacterium isolated from the common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) crop in Sinaloa, Mexico. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73. [PMID: 37916690 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Strain FSQ1T was isolated from the rhizosphere of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) crop sampled in a commercial field located in the Gabriel Leyva Solano community, which belongs to the Guasave municipality (state of Sinaloa, Mexico). Based on its full-length 16S rRNA gene sequence, strain FSQ1T was assigned to the genus Bacillus (100 % similarity). This taxonomic affiliation was supported by its morphological and metabolic traits. Strain FSQ1T was a Gram-stain-positive bacterium with the following characteristics: rod-shaped cells, strictly aerobic, spore forming, catalase positive, reduced nitrate to nitrite, hydrolysed starch and casein, grew in the presence of lysozyme and 2 % NaCl, utilized citrate, grew at pH 6.0-8.0, produced acid from glucose, was unable to produce indoles from tryptophan, and presented biological control against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The whole-genome phylogenetic results showed that strain FSQ1T formed an individual clade in comparison with highly related Bacillus species. In addition, the maximum values for average nucleotide identity and from Genome-to-Genome Distance Calculator analysis were 91.57 and 44.20 %, respectively, with Bacillus spizizenii TU-B-10T. Analysis of its fatty acid content showed the ability of strain FSQ1T to produce fatty acids that are not present in closely related Bacillus species, such as C18 : 0 and C20 : 0. Thus, these results provide strong evidence that strain FSQ1T represents a novel species of the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus mexicanus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is FSQ1T (CM-CNRG TB51T=LBPCV FSQ1T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio de Los Santos Villalobos
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología del Recurso Microbiano, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 Sur, C.P.85000, Col. Centro, Ciudad 9 Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - Carmen María Félix Pablos
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología del Recurso Microbiano, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 Sur, C.P.85000, Col. Centro, Ciudad 9 Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - Valeria Valenzuela Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología del Recurso Microbiano, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 Sur, C.P.85000, Col. Centro, Ciudad 9 Obregón, Sonora, México
| | - Fannie I Parra Cota
- Campo Experimental Norman E. Borlaug, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Km. 12, C. P. 85000, Cd., Obregón, Sonora, México
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Hong Y, Zheng Q, Cheng L, Liu P, Xu G, Zhang H, Cao P, Zhou H. Identification and characterization of TMV-induced volatile signals in Nicotiana benthamiana: evidence for JA/ET defense pathway priming in congeneric neighbors via airborne (E)-2-octenal. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:272. [PMID: 37568053 PMCID: PMC10421810 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01203-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Plants release a mixture of volatile compounds when subjects to environmental stress, allowing them to transmit information to neighboring plants. Here, we find that Nicotiana benthamiana plants infected with tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) induces defense responses in neighboring congeners. Analytical screening of volatiles from N. benthamiana at 7 days post inoculation (dpi) using an optimized SPME-GC-MS method showed that TMV triggers the release of several volatiles, such as (E)-2-octenal, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, and geranylacetone. Exposure to (E)-2-octenal enhances the resistance of N. benthamiana plants to TMV and triggers the immune system with upregulation of pathogenesis-related genes, such as NbPR1a, NbPR1b, NbPR2, and NbNPR1, which are related to TMV resistance. Furthermore, (E)-2-octenal upregulates jasmonic acid (JA) that levels up to 400-fold in recipient N. benthamiana plants and significantly affects the expression pattern of key genes in the JA/ET signaling pathway, such as NbMYC2, NbERF1, and NbPDF1.2, while the salicylic acid (SA) level is not significantly affected. Our results show for the first time that the volatile (E)-2-octenal primes the JA/ET pathway and then activates immune responses, ultimately leading to enhanced TMV resistance in adjacent N. benthamiana plants. These findings provide new insights into the role of airborne compounds in virus-induced interplant interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hong
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Qingxia Zheng
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102200, China
| | - Lingtong Cheng
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Pingping Liu
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102200, China
| | - Guoyun Xu
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102200, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102200, China
| | - Peijian Cao
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102200, China.
| | - Huina Zhou
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102200, China.
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12
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Adedayo AA, Fadiji AE, Babalola OO. Unraveling the functional genes present in rhizosphere microbiomes of Solanum lycopersicum. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15432. [PMID: 37283894 PMCID: PMC10241170 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiomes living in the rhizosphere soil of the tomato plant contribute immensely to the state of health of the tomato plant alongside improving sustainable agriculture. With the aid of shotgun metagenomics sequencing, we characterized the putative functional genes (plant-growth-promoting and disease-resistant genes) produced by the microbial communities dwelling in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and powdery mildew-diseased tomato plants. The results identified twenty-one (21) plant growth promotion (PGP) genes in the microbiomes inhabiting the healthy rhizosphere (HR) which are more predomiant as compared to diseased rhizosphere (DR) that has nine (9) genes and four (4) genes in bulk soil (BR). Likewise, we identified some disease-resistant genes which include nucleotide binding genes and antimicrobial genes. Our study revealed fifteen (15) genes in HR which made it greater in comparison to DR that has three (3) genes and three (3) genes in bulk soil. Further studies should be conducted by isolating these microorganisms and introduce them to field experiments for cultivation of tomatoes.
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Tsalgatidou PC, Thomloudi EE, Delis C, Nifakos K, Zambounis A, Venieraki A, Katinakis P. Compatible Consortium of Endophytic Bacillus halotolerans Strains Cal.l.30 and Cal.f.4 Promotes Plant Growth and Induces Systemic Resistance against Botrytis cinerea. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:779. [PMID: 37372064 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Evaluating microbial-based alternatives to conventional fungicides and biofertilizers enables us to gain a deeper understanding of the biocontrol and plant growth-promoting activities. Two genetically distinct Bacillus halotolerans strains (Cal.l.30, Cal.f.4) were evaluated for the levels of their compatibility. They were applied individually or in combination under in vitro and greenhouse conditions, using seed bio-priming and soil drenching as inoculum delivery systems, for their plant growth-promoting effect. Our data indicate that application of Cal.l.30 and Cal.f.4 as single strains and as a mixture significantly enhanced growth parameters of Arabidopsis and tomato plants. We investigated whether seed and an additional soil treatment with these strains could induce the expression of defense-related genes in leaves of young tomato seedling plants. These treatments mediated a long lasting, bacterial-mediated, systemic-induced resistance as evidenced by the high levels of expression of RP3, ACO1 and ERF1 genes in the leaves of young tomato seedlings. Furthermore, we presented data showing that seed and soil treatment with B. halotolerans strains resulted in an effective inhibition of Botrytis cinerea attack and development on tomato leaves. Our findings highlighted the potential of B. halotolerans strains as they combine both direct antifungal activity against plant pathogens and the ability to prime plant innate immunity and enhance plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina C Tsalgatidou
- Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
- Department of Agriculture, University of the Peloponnese, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | - Eirini-Evangelia Thomloudi
- Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Costas Delis
- Department of Agriculture, University of the Peloponnese, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | - Kallimachos Nifakos
- Department of Agriculture, University of the Peloponnese, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | - Antonios Zambounis
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization 'ELGO DIMITRA', 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Venieraki
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Katinakis
- Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
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14
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Cuellar-Gaviria TZ, García-Botero C, Ju KS, Villegas-Escobar V. The genome of Bacillus tequilensis EA-CB0015 sheds light into its epiphytic lifestyle and potential as a biocontrol agent. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1135487. [PMID: 37051516 PMCID: PMC10083409 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1135487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Different Bacillus species have successfully been used as biopesticides against a broad range of plant pathogens. Among these, Bacillus tequilensis EA-CB0015 has shown to efficiently control Black sigatoka disease in banana plants, presumably by mechanisms of adaptation that involve modifying the phyllosphere environment. Here, we report the complete genome of strain EA-CB0015, its precise taxonomic identity, and determined key genetic features that may contribute to its effective biocontrol of plant pathogens. We found that B. tequilensis EA-CB0015 harbors a singular 4 Mb circular chromosome, with 3,951 protein-coding sequences. Multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis classified strain EA-CB0015 as B. tequilensis. Encoded within its genome are biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) for surfactin, iturin, plipastatin, bacillibactin, bacilysin, subtilosin A, sporulation killing factor, and other natural products that may facilitate inter-microbial warfare. Genes for indole-acetic acid (IAA) synthesis, the use of diverse carbon sources, and a multicellular lifestyle involving motility, biofilm formation, quorum sensing, competence, and sporulation suggest EA-CB0015 is adept at colonizing plant surfaces. Defensive mechanisms to survive invading viral infections and preserve genome integrity include putative type I and type II restriction modification (RM) and toxin/antitoxin (TA) systems. The presence of bacteriophage sequences, genomic islands, transposable elements, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance genes indicate prior occurrences of genetic exchange. Altogether, the genome of EA-CB0015 supports its function as a biocontrol agent against phytopathogens and suggest it has adapted to thrive within phyllosphere environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Z. Cuellar-Gaviria
- CIBIOP Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad EAFIT, Medellin, Colombia
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Banana Research Center, Augura, Conjunto Residencial Los Almendros, Carepa, Colombia
| | - Camilo García-Botero
- CIBIOP Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad EAFIT, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Kou-San Ju
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Center for Applied Plant Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Infectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Kou-San Ju, ; Valeska Villegas-Escobar,
| | - Valeska Villegas-Escobar
- CIBIOP Group, Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad EAFIT, Medellin, Colombia
- *Correspondence: Kou-San Ju, ; Valeska Villegas-Escobar,
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15
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Oxidative Status of Medicago truncatula Seedlings after Inoculation with Rhizobacteria of the Genus Pseudomonas, Paenibacillus and Sinorhizobium. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054781. [PMID: 36902209 PMCID: PMC10003724 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of scientists working to raise agricultural productivity see the potential in the roots and the soil adjacent to them, together with a wealth of micro-organisms. The first mechanisms activated in the plant during any abiotic or biotic stress concern changes in the oxidative status of the plant. With this in mind, for the first time, an attempt was made to check whether the inoculation of seedlings of the model plant Medicago truncatula with rhizobacteria belonging to the genus Pseudomonas (P. brassicacearum KK5, P. corrugata KK7), Paenibacillus borealis KK4 and a symbiotic strain Sinorhizobium meliloti KK13 would change the oxidative status in the days following inoculation. Initially, an increase in H2O2 synthesis was observed, which led to an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes responsible for regulating hydrogen peroxide levels. The main enzyme involved in the reduction of H2O2 content in the roots was catalase. The observed changes indicate the possibility of using the applied rhizobacteria to induce processes related to plant resistance and thus to ensure protection against environmental stress factors. In the next stages, it seems reasonable to check whether the initial changes in the oxidative state affect the activation of other pathways related to plant immunity.
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16
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de O Nunes PS, de Medeiros FHV, de Oliveira TS, de Almeida Zago JR, Bettiol W. Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis promote tomato growth. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:397-406. [PMID: 36422850 PMCID: PMC9943921 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00874-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus spp. are widely marketed and used in agricultural systems as antagonists to various phytopathogens, but it can also benefit the plant as plant growth promoters. Therefore, the longer presence of the bacterium in the rhizosphere would result in a prolonged growth-promoting benefit, but little is yet known about its persistence in the rhizosphere after seed coating. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the tomato growth promotion mediated by Bacillus licheniformis FMCH001 and Bacillus subtilis FMCH002 and the survival rate of these bacteria both in shoots and in the rhizosphere. The Bacillus strains used throughout this study were obtained from Quartzo® produced by Chr. Hansen. The application of a mixture of B. subtilis and B. licheniformis (Quartzo®) at concentrations 1 × 108, 1 × 109, and 1 × 1010 CFU mL-1, as well as the application of B. subtilis and B. licheniformis individually at concentration 1 × 108 CFU mL-1, increased fresh and dry masses of shoot and root system, volume of root system, and length of roots of tomato plants when compared to control. Both Bacillus strains produced IAA after 48 h of in vitro. Bacillus colonies obtained from plant sap were morphologically similar to colonies of B. subtilis and B. licheniformis strains and were detected in inoculated on plants and not detected in control ones. A similar pattern was obtained through DNA-based detection (qPCR). Therefore, B. subtilis and B. licheniformis were able to produce auxin, promote tomato growth, and colonize and persist in the rhizosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peterson S de O Nunes
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Flavio H V de Medeiros
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, 37200-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Wagner Bettiol
- Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Rod. SP-340 Km 1275, 13.918-110, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil.
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Khoshru B, Mitra D, Joshi K, Adhikari P, Rion MSI, Fadiji AE, Alizadeh M, Priyadarshini A, Senapati A, Sarikhani MR, Panneerselvam P, Mohapatra PKD, Sushkova S, Minkina T, Keswani C. Decrypting the multi-functional biological activators and inducers of defense responses against biotic stresses in plants. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13825. [PMID: 36873502 PMCID: PMC9981932 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant diseases are still the main problem for the reduction in crop yield and a threat to global food security. Additionally, excessive usage of chemical inputs such as pesticides and fungicides to control plant diseases have created another serious problem for human and environmental health. In view of this, the application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for controlling plant disease incidences has been identified as an eco-friendly approach for coping with the food security issue. In this review, we have identified different ways by which PGPRs are capable of reducing phytopathogenic infestations and enhancing crop yield. PGPR suppresses plant diseases, both directly and indirectly, mediated by microbial metabolites and signaling components. Microbial synthesized anti-pathogenic metabolites such as siderophores, antibiotics, lytic enzymes, hydrogen cyanide, and several others act directly on phytopathogens. The indirect mechanisms of reducing plant disease infestation are caused by the stimulation of plant immune responses known as initiation of systemic resistance (ISR) which is mediated by triggering plant immune responses elicited through pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The ISR triggered in the infected region of the plant leads to the development of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) throughout the plant making the plant resistant to a wide range of pathogens. A number of PGPRs including Pseudomonas and Bacillus genera have proven their ability to stimulate ISR. However, there are still some challenges in the large-scale application and acceptance of PGPR for pest and disease management. Further, we discuss the newly formulated PGPR inoculants possessing both plant growth-promoting activities and plant disease suppression ability for a holistic approach to sustaining plant health and enhancing crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Khoshru
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Debasis Mitra
- Department of Microbiology, Raiganj University, Raiganj - 733 134, West Bengal, India
| | - Kuldeep Joshi
- G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora-263643, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Priyanka Adhikari
- Centre for Excellence on GMP Extraction Facility (DBT, Govt. of India), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research. Guwahati-781101, Assam, India
| | | | - Ayomide Emmanuel Fadiji
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Mehrdad Alizadeh
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ankita Priyadarshini
- Crop Production Division, ICAR – National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
| | - Ansuman Senapati
- Crop Production Division, ICAR – National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
| | | | - Periyasamy Panneerselvam
- Crop Production Division, ICAR – National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, 753006, Odisha, India
| | | | - Svetlana Sushkova
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
| | - Chetan Keswani
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia
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18
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Hernández-Huerta J, Tamez-Guerra P, Gomez-Flores R, Delgado-Gardea MCE, Robles-Hernández L, Gonzalez-Franco AC, Infante-Ramirez R. Pepper growth promotion and biocontrol against Xanthomonas euvesicatoria by Bacillus cereus and Bacillus thuringiensis formulations. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14633. [PMID: 36710864 PMCID: PMC9881471 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bacillus genus has been used in horticultural crops as a biocontrol agent against insect pests, microbial phytopathogens, and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), representing an alternative to agrochemicals. In particular, B. cereus (Bc) and B. thuringiensis (Bt) have been studied for their fungicidal and insecticidal activities. However, their use as biofertilizer formulations and biocontrol agents against phytopathogenic bacteria is limited. Objective To evaluate Bc and Bt formulations as PGPB and biocontrol agents against the bacterial spot agent Xanthomonas euvesicatoria (Xe) in greenhouse-grown chili peppers. Methods Bc and Bt isolates obtained from soil samples were identified and characterized using conventional biochemical and multiplex PCR identification methods. Bioassays to determine Bc and Bt isolates potential as PGPB were evaluated on chili pepper seedlings in seedbeds. In addition, formulations based on Bc (F-BC26 and F-BC08) and Bt (F-BT24) strains were assessed as biofertilizers on pepper, under controlled conditions. Furthermore, in vitro antagonism assays were performed by confronting Bc and Bt isolate formulations against Xe isolates in direct (foliage) and indirect (resistance induction) phytopathogen biocontrol assays on pepper plants, which were grown under controlled conditions for 15 d after formulations treatment. Results Isolates were identified as Bc and Bt. Formulations significantly improved pepper growth in seedbeds and pots, whereas in vitro bioassays demonstrated the bactericidal effect of Bc and Bt strains against Xe isolates. Furthermore, assays showed significant plant protection by F-BC26, F-BC08, and F-BT24 formulated strains against Xe. Conclusion Results indicated that F-BT24 and F-BC26 isolates formulations promoted pepper growth and protected it against Xanthomonas euvesicatoria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared Hernández-Huerta
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrotecnológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México
| | - Patricia Tamez-Guerra
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Ricardo Gomez-Flores
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
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19
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Ma M, Taylor PWJ, Chen D, Vaghefi N, He JZ. Major Soilborne Pathogens of Field Processing Tomatoes and Management Strategies. Microorganisms 2023; 11:263. [PMID: 36838227 PMCID: PMC9958975 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, tomato is the second most cultivated vegetable crop next to potato, preferentially grown in temperate climates. Processing tomatoes are generally produced in field conditions, in which soilborne pathogens have serious impacts on tomato yield and quality by causing diseases of the tomato root system. Major processing tomato-producing countries have documented soilborne diseases caused by a variety of pathogens including bacteria, fungi, nematodes, and oomycetes, which are of economic importance and may threaten food security. Recent field surveys in the Australian processing tomato industry showed that plant growth and yield were significantly affected by soilborne pathogens, especially Fusarium oxysporum and Pythium species. Globally, different management methods have been used to control diseases such as the use of resistant tomato cultivars, the application of fungicides, and biological control. Among these methods, biocontrol has received increasing attention due to its high efficiency, target-specificity, sustainability and public acceptance. The application of biocontrol is a mix of different strategies, such as applying antagonistic microorganisms to the field, and using the beneficial metabolites synthesized by these microorganisms. This review provides a broad review of the major soilborne fungal/oomycete pathogens of the field processing tomato industry affecting major global producers, the traditional and biological management practices for the control of the pathogens, and the various strategies of the biological control for tomato soilborne diseases. The advantages and disadvantages of the management strategies are discussed, and highlighted is the importance of biological control in managing the diseases in field processing tomatoes under the pressure of global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ji-Zheng He
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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20
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Fan Y, Liu K, Lu R, Gao J, Song W, Zhu H, Tang X, Liu Y, Miao M. Cell-Free Supernatant of Bacillus subtilis Reduces Kiwifruit Rot Caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea through Inducing Oxidative Stress in the Pathogen. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9010127. [PMID: 36675948 PMCID: PMC9862322 DOI: 10.3390/jof9010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological control of postharvest diseases has been proven to be an effective alternative to chemical control. As an environmentally friendly biocontrol agent, Bacillus subtilis has been widely applied. This study explores its application in kiwifruit soft rot and reveals the corresponding mechanisms. Treatment with cell-free supernatant (CFS) of Bacillus subtilis BS-1 significantly inhibits the mycelial growth of the pathogen Botryosphaeria dothidea and attenuates the pathogenicity on kiwifruit in a concentration-dependent manner. In particular, mycelial growth diameter was only 21% of the control after 3 days of treatment with 5% CFS. CFS caused swelling and breakage of the hyphae of B. dothidea observed by scanning electron microscopy, resulting in the leakage of nucleic acid and soluble protein and the loss of ergosterol content. Further analysis demonstrated that CFS significantly induces the expression of Nox genes associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by 1.9-2.7-fold, leading to a considerable accumulation of ROS in cells and causing mycelial cell death. Our findings demonstrate that the biocontrol effect of B. subtilis BS-1 CFS on B. dothidea is realized by inducing oxidative damage to the mycelia cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yezhen Fan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Kui Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230036, China
- Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 230094, China
| | - Ruoxi Lu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jieyu Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Wu Song
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Min Miao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230036, China
- Correspondence:
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21
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Cao M, Narayanan M, Shi X, Chen X, Li Z, Ma Y. Optimistic contributions of plant growth-promoting bacteria for sustainable agriculture and climate stress alleviation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 217:114924. [PMID: 36471556 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change is the major cause of abiotic and biotic stresses that have adverse effects on agricultural productivity to an irreversible level, thus threatening to limit gains in production and imperil sustainable agriculture. These climate change-induced abiotic stresses, especially saline, drought, extreme temperature, and so on affect plant morphological, physiological, biochemical, and metabolic characteristics through various pathways and mechanisms, ultimately hindering plant growth, development, and productivity. However, overuse and other inappropriate uses of agrochemicals are not conducive to the protection of natural resources and the environment, thus hampering sustainable agricultural development. With the vigorous development of modern agriculture, the application of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) can better ensure sustainable agriculture, due to their ability to improve soil properties and confer stress tolerance in plants. This review deciphered the underlying mechanisms of PGPB involved in enhancing plant stress tolerance and performance under various abiotic and biotic stresses. Moreover, the recent advancements in PGPB inoculation techniques, the commercialization of PGPB-based technology and the current applications of PGPB in sustainable agriculture were extensively discussed. Finally, an outlook on the future directions of microbe-aided agriculture was pointed out. Providing insights into plant-PGPB interactions under biotic and abiotic stresses and offering evidence and strategies for PGPB better commercialization and implementation can inspire the development of innovative solutions exploiting PGPB under climatological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Cao
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Mathiyazhagan Narayanan
- Division of Research and Innovation, Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Xiaojun Shi
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Xinping Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Zhenlun Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China
| | - Ying Ma
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
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22
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Khan AR, Mustafa A, Hyder S, Valipour M, Rizvi ZF, Gondal AS, Yousuf Z, Iqbal R, Daraz U. Bacillus spp. as Bioagents: Uses and Application for Sustainable Agriculture. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121763. [PMID: 36552272 PMCID: PMC9775066 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Food security will be a substantial issue in the near future due to the expeditiously growing global population. The current trend in the agriculture industry entails the extravagant use of synthesized pesticides and fertilizers, making sustainability a difficult challenge. Land degradation, lower production, and vulnerability to both abiotic and biotic stresses are problems caused by the usage of these pesticides and fertilizers. The major goal of sustainable agriculture is to ameliorate productivity and reduce pests and disease prevalence to such a degree that prevents large-scale damage to crops. Agriculture is a composite interrelation among plants, microbes, and soil. Plant microbes play a major role in growth promotion and improve soil fertility as well. Bacillus spp. produces an extensive range of bio-chemicals that assist in plant disease control, promote plant development, and make them suitable for agricultural uses. Bacillus spp. support plant growth by N fixation, P and K solubilization, and phytohormone synthesis, in addition to being the most propitious biocontrol agent. Moreover, Bacilli excrete extracellular metabolites, including antibiotics, lytic enzymes, and siderophores, and demonstrate antagonistic activity against phytopathogens. Bacillus spp. boosts plant resistance toward pathogens by inducing systemic resistance (ISR). The most effective microbial insecticide against insects and pests in agriculture is Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Additionally, the incorporation of toxin genes in genetically modified crops increases resistance to insects and pests. There is a constant increase in the identified Bacillus species as potential biocontrol agents. Moreover, they have been involved in the biosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles. The main objective of this review article is to display the uses and application of Bacillus specie as a promising biopesticide in sustainable agriculture. Bacillus spp. strains that are antagonistic and promote plant yield attributes could be valuable in developing novel formulations to lead the way toward sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimen Razzaq Khan
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
| | - Adeena Mustafa
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Hyder
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (M.V.)
| | - Mohammad Valipour
- Department of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Metropolitan State University of Denver, Denver, CO 80217, USA
- Correspondence: (S.H.); (M.V.)
| | - Zarrin Fatima Rizvi
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Shahzad Gondal
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Zubaida Yousuf
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Umar Daraz
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystem, Center for Grassland Microbiome, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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23
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The Banana MaWRKY18, MaWRKY45, MaWRKY60 and MaWRKY70 Genes Encode Functional Transcription Factors and Display Differential Expression in Response to Defense Phytohormones. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101891. [PMID: 36292777 PMCID: PMC9602068 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors (TFs) play key roles in plant defense responses through phytohormone signaling pathways. However, their functions in tropical fruit crops, especially in banana, remain largely unknown. Several WRKY genes from the model plants rice (OsWRKY45) and Arabidopsis (AtWRKY18, AtWRKY60, AtWRKY70) have shown to be attractive TFs for engineering disease resistance. In this study, we isolated four banana cDNAs (MaWRKY18, MaWRKY45, MaWRKY60, and MaWRKY70) with homology to these rice and ArabidopsisWRKY genes. The MaWRKY cDNAs were isolated from the wild banana Musa acuminata ssp. malaccensis, which is resistant to several diseases of this crop and is a progenitor of most banana cultivars. The deduced amino acid sequences of the four MaWRKY cDNAs revealed the presence of the conserved WRKY domain of ~60 amino acids and a zinc-finger motif at the N-terminus. Based on the number of WRKY repeats and the structure of the zinc-finger motif, MaWRKY18 and MaWRKY60 belong to group II of WRKY TFs, while MaWRKY45 and MaWRKY70 are members of group III. Their corresponding proteins were located in the nuclei of onion epidermal cells and were shown to be functional TFs in yeast cells. Moreover, expression analyses revealed that the majority of these MaWRKY genes were upregulated by salicylic acid (SA) or methyl jasmonate (MeJA) phytohormones, although the expression levels were relatively higher with MeJA treatment. The fact that most of these banana WRKY genes were upregulated by SA or MeJA, which are involved in systemic acquired resistance (SAR) or induced systemic resistance (ISR), respectively, make them interesting candidates for bioengineering broad-spectrum resistance in this crop.
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24
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De Palma M, Scotti R, D’Agostino N, Zaccardelli M, Tucci M. Phyto-Friendly Soil Bacteria and Fungi Provide Beneficial Outcomes in the Host Plant by Differently Modulating Its Responses through (In)Direct Mechanisms. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2672. [PMID: 36297696 PMCID: PMC9612229 DOI: 10.3390/plants11202672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable agricultural systems based on the application of phyto-friendly bacteria and fungi are increasingly needed to preserve soil fertility and microbial biodiversity, as well as to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Although there is considerable attention on the potential applications of microbial consortia as biofertilizers and biocontrol agents for crop management, knowledge on the molecular responses modulated in host plants because of these beneficial associations is still incomplete. This review provides an up-to-date overview of the different mechanisms of action triggered by plant-growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) to promote host-plant growth and improve its defense system. In addition, we combined available gene-expression profiling data from tomato roots sampled in the early stages of interaction with Pseudomonas or Trichoderma strains to develop an integrated model that describes the common processes activated by both PGPMs and highlights the host's different responses to the two microorganisms. All the information gathered will help define new strategies for the selection of crop varieties with a better ability to benefit from the elicitation of microbial inoculants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica De Palma
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, Research Division Portici, National Research Council, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Riccardo Scotti
- CREA Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Via Cavalleggeri 25, 84098 Pontecagnano Faiano (SA), Italy
| | - Nunzio D’Agostino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Massimo Zaccardelli
- CREA Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Via Cavalleggeri 25, 84098 Pontecagnano Faiano (SA), Italy
| | - Marina Tucci
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, Research Division Portici, National Research Council, 80055 Portici, Italy
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25
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Li N, Chang R, Chen S, Lei J, Liu Y, Cui W, Chen Q, Wu F. The role of the biogas slurry microbial communities in suppressing fusarium wilt of cucumber. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 151:142-153. [PMID: 35952412 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The clarification of the suppressive effect of biogas slurries (BSs) on soil-borne plant pathogens is needed for their large-scale use as a biocontrol tool in potting soil in order to understand the mechanisms of suppression. In this study, pig manure biogas slurry (PS) and vinasse biogas slurry (VS) were used to conduct assays of pathogen mycelial growth suppression and pot experiment to evaluate their effects on the growth of Fusarium. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (FOC) mycelia and cucumber fusarium wilt. The microbial communities of the PS and VS were deeply analyzed to explore the key taxa and potential mechanisms. Results showed that the PS and VS have similar suppression on FOC mycelia and on the control efficiency, while they were significantly weakened when the PS and VS were used after sterilization. The microbial parameters of the two BSs were obviously different, and functional microbial taxa for disease resistance were observed in the two BSs. Spearman correlation showed that genera of the Pseudomonas, Ochrobactrum, Papiliotrema, etc., were the suppression-related taxa in the PS, while Leucobacter, unclassified_Microbacteriaceae, etc. in the VS. Overall, various key taxa in the PS and VS produced similar suppression on cucumber fusarium wilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naihui Li
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ruixue Chang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmyard Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Organic Recycling Research Institute (SuZhou) of China Agriculture University, SuZhou 215100, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmyard Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jilin Lei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmyard Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmyard Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenjing Cui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmyard Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmyard Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fengzhi Wu
- Department of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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26
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Thiruvengadam R, Gandhi K, Vaithiyanathan S, Sankarasubramanian H, Loganathan K, Lingan R, Rajagopalan VR, Muthurajan R, Ebenezer Iyadurai J, Kuppusami P. Complete Genome Sequence Analysis of Bacillus subtilis Bbv57, a Promising Biocontrol Agent against Phytopathogens. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179732. [PMID: 36077128 PMCID: PMC9456384 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a group of root-associated beneficial bacteria emerging as one of the powerful agents in sustainable plant disease management. Among the PGPR, Bacillus sp. has become a popular biocontrol agent for controlling pests and the diseases of several crops of agricultural and horticultural importance. Understanding the molecular basis of the plant growth-promoting and biocontrol abilities of Bacillus spp. will allow us to develop multifunctional microbial consortia for sustainable agriculture. In our study, we attempted to unravel the genome complexity of the potential biocontrol agent Bacillus subtilis Bbv57 (isolated from the betelvine’s rhizosphere), available at TNAU, Coimbatore. A WGS analysis generated 26 million reads, and a de novo assembly resulted in the generation of 4,302,465 bp genome of Bacillus subtilis Bbv57 containing 4363 coding sequences (CDS), of which 4281 were functionally annotated. An analysis of 16S rRNA revealed its 100% identity to Bacillus subtilis IAM 12118. A detailed data analysis identified the presence of >100 CAZymes and nine gene clusters involved in the production of secondary metabolites that exhibited antimicrobial properties. Further, Bbv57 was found to harbor 282 unique genes in comparison with 19 other Bacillus strains, requiring further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raguchander Thiruvengadam
- Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence: (R.T.); (H.S.)
| | - Karthikeyan Gandhi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sendhilvel Vaithiyanathan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Harish Sankarasubramanian
- Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence: (R.T.); (H.S.)
| | - Karthiba Loganathan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajendran Lingan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Veera Ranjani Rajagopalan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raveendran Muthurajan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Prabakar Kuppusami
- Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
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27
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The Improved Biocontrol Agent, F1-35, Protects Watermelon against Fusarium Wilt by Triggering Jasmonic Acid and Ethylene Pathways. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091710. [PMID: 36144312 PMCID: PMC9501610 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Watermelon Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum (FON), is one of the most important diseases, and has become a major limiting factor to watermelon production worldwide. Previous research has found that the improved biocontrol agent, F1-35, had a high control efficiency to watermelon Fusarium wilt. In this study, the control efficiency of F1-35 to watermelon Fusarium wilt was firstly tested, and the control efficiency was 61.7%. Then, we investigated the mode of action of F1-35 in controlling watermelon Fusarium wilt. Using a pairing assay, we found that F1-35 did not inhibit the normal growth of FON. To know more about the interaction between F1-35 and watermelon root, the protein expressions of roots after 12, 24, and 48 h post-inoculation were examined. A total of 1109 differentially expressed proteins were obtained. KEGG analysis found that the most differentially expressed proteins occurred in alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism, plant–pathogen interaction, and the MAPK signaling pathway to the plant. A further analysis of differentially expressed proteins showed that F1-35 triggered the jasmonic acid and ethylene pathways in watermelon. To validate our results, the qRT-PCR was used to analyze the gene expression levels of PAL, LOX1, and CTR1. The gene expression results showed that those genes, which were positive correlated with the JA pathway, were up-expressed, including PAL and LOX1, and the negative associated gene, CTR1, was down-expressed. In conclusion, the improved biocontrol agent, F1-35, improves the resistance of watermelons to FON by triggering the JA and ET pathways.
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28
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Chaudhary P, Singh S, Chaudhary A, Sharma A, Kumar G. Overview of biofertilizers in crop production and stress management for sustainable agriculture. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:930340. [PMID: 36082294 PMCID: PMC9445558 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.930340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
With the increase in world population, the demography of humans is estimated to be exceeded and it has become a major challenge to provide an adequate amount of food, feed, and agricultural products majorly in developing countries. The use of chemical fertilizers causes the plant to grow efficiently and rapidly to meet the food demand. The drawbacks of using a higher quantity of chemical or synthetic fertilizers are environmental pollution, persistent changes in the soil ecology, physiochemical composition, decreasing agricultural productivity and cause several health hazards. Climatic factors are responsible for enhancing abiotic stress on crops, resulting in reduced agricultural productivity. There are various types of abiotic and biotic stress factors like soil salinity, drought, wind, improper temperature, heavy metals, waterlogging, and different weeds and phytopathogens like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and nematodes which attack plants, reducing crop productivity and quality. There is a shift toward the use of biofertilizers due to all these facts, which provide nutrition through natural processes like zinc, potassium and phosphorus solubilization, nitrogen fixation, production of hormones, siderophore, various hydrolytic enzymes and protect the plant from different plant pathogens and stress conditions. They provide the nutrition in adequate amount that is sufficient for healthy crop development to fulfill the demand of the increasing population worldwide, eco-friendly and economically convenient. This review will focus on biofertilizers and their mechanisms of action, role in crop productivity and in biotic/abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Chaudhary
- Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Shivani Singh
- Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Anuj Chaudhary
- School of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Shobhit University, Gangoh, India
| | - Anita Sharma
- Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Govind Kumar
- Department of Crop Production, Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow, India
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29
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Pang F, Solanki MK, Wang Z. Streptomyces can be an excellent plant growth manager. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:193. [PMID: 35980475 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03380-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Streptomyces, the most abundant and arguably the most important genus of actinomycetes, is an important source of biologically active compounds such as antibiotics, and extracellular hydrolytic enzymes. Since Streptomyces can have a beneficial symbiotic relationship with plants they can contribute to nutrition, health and fitness of the latter. This review article summarizes recent research contributions on the ability of Streptomyces to promote plant growth and improve plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress responses, as well as on the consequences, on plant health, of the enrichment of rhizospheric soils in Streptomyces species. This review summarizes the most recent reports of the contribution of Streptomyces to plant growth, health and fitness and suggests future research directions to promote the use of these bacteria for the development of a cleaner agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Pang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Biology and Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, China
| | - Manoj Kumar Solanki
- Plant Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Group, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-701, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Zhen Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Biology and Pharmacy, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, 537000, China.
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30
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Zhu L, Huang J, Lu X, Zhou C. Development of plant systemic resistance by beneficial rhizobacteria: Recognition, initiation, elicitation and regulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:952397. [PMID: 36017257 PMCID: PMC9396261 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.952397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A plant growing in nature is not an individual, but it holds an intricate community of plants and microbes with relatively stable partnerships. The microbial community has recently been demonstrated to be closely linked with plants since their earliest evolution, to help early land plants adapt to environmental threats. Mounting evidence has indicated that plants can release diverse kinds of signal molecules to attract beneficial bacteria for mediating the activities of their genetics and biochemistry. Several rhizobacterial strains can promote plant growth and enhance the ability of plants to withstand pathogenic attacks causing various diseases and loss in crop productivity. Beneficial rhizobacteria are generally called as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that induce systemic resistance (ISR) against pathogen infection. These ISR-eliciting microbes can mediate the morphological, physiological and molecular responses of plants. In the last decade, the mechanisms of microbial signals, plant receptors, and hormone signaling pathways involved in the process of PGPR-induced ISR in plants have been well investigated. In this review, plant recognition, microbial elicitors, and the related pathways during plant-microbe interactions are discussed, with highlights on the roles of root hair-specific syntaxins and small RNAs in the regulation of the PGPR-induced ISR in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Key Lab of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, China
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiameng Huang
- Key Lab of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, China
| | - Xiaoming Lu
- Key Lab of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Key Lab of Bio-Organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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31
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Esquivel-Cervantes LF, Tlapal-Bolaños B, Tovar-Pedraza JM, Pérez-Hernández O, Leyva-Mir SG, Camacho-Tapia M. Efficacy of Biorational Products for Managing Diseases of Tomato in Greenhouse Production. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1638. [PMID: 35807589 PMCID: PMC9269266 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gray mold (Botrytis cinerea), late blight (Phytophthora infestans), powdery mildew (Leveillula taurica), pith necrosis (Pseudomonas corrugata), and bacterial canker (Clavibacter michiganensis) are major diseases that affect tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in greenhouse production in Mexico. Management of these diseases depends heavily on chemical control, with up to 24 fungicide applications required in a single season to control fungal diseases, thus ensuring a harvestable crop. While disease chemical control is a mainstay practice in the region, its frequent use increases the production costs, likelihood of pathogen-resistance development, and negative environmental impact. Due to this, there is a need for alternative practices that minimize such effects and increase profits for tomato growers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of biorational products in the control of these diseases in greenhouse production. Four different treatments, including soil application of Bacillus spp. or B. subtilis and foliar application of Reynoutria sachalinensis, Melaleuca alternifolia, harpin αβ proteins, or bee honey were evaluated and compared to a conventional foliar management program (control) in a commercial production greenhouse in Central Mexico in 2016 and 2017. Disease incidence was measured at periodic intervals for six months and used to calculate the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). Overall, the analysis of the AUDPC showed that all treatments were more effective than the conventional program in controlling most of the examined diseases. The tested products were effective in reducing the intensity of powdery mildew and gray mold, but not that of bacterial canker, late blight, and pith necrosis. Application of these products constitutes a disease management alternative that represents cost-saving to tomato growers of about 2500 U.S. dollars per production cycle ha-1, in addition to having less negative impact on the environment. The products tested in this study have the potential to be incorporated in an integrated program for management of the examined diseases in tomato in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bertha Tlapal-Bolaños
- Departamento de Parasitología Agrícola, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Texcoco 56230, Mexico; (L.F.E.-C.); (S.G.L.-M.)
| | - Juan Manuel Tovar-Pedraza
- Laboratorio de Fitopatología, Coordinación Regional Culiacán, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Culiacán 80110, Mexico
| | - Oscar Pérez-Hernández
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA;
| | - Santos Gerardo Leyva-Mir
- Departamento de Parasitología Agrícola, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Texcoco 56230, Mexico; (L.F.E.-C.); (S.G.L.-M.)
| | - Moisés Camacho-Tapia
- Laboratorio Nacional de Investigación y Servicio Agroalimentario y Forestal, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Texcoco 56230, Mexico;
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32
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Serrano-Carreón L, Aranda-Ocampo S, Balderas-Ruíz KA, Juárez AM, Leyva E, Trujillo-Roldán MA, Valdez-Cruz NA, Galindo E. A case study of a profitable mid-tech greenhouse for the sustainable production of tomato, using a biofertilizer and a biofungicide. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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33
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Adedayo AA, Babalola OO, Prigent-Combaret C, Cruz C, Stefan M, Kutu F, Glick BR. The application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in Solanum lycopersicum production in the agricultural system: a review. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13405. [PMID: 35669957 PMCID: PMC9165593 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Food safety is a significant challenge worldwide, from plantation to cultivation, especially for perishable products such as tomatoes. New eco-friendly strategies are needed, and beneficial microorganisms might be a sustainable solution. This study demonstrates bacteria activity in the tomato plant rhizosphere. Further, it investigates the rhizobacteria's structure, function, and diversity in soil. Rhizobacteria that promote the growth and development of tomato plants are referred to as plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPR). They form a series of associations with plants and other organisms in the soil through a mutualistic relationship where both parties benefit from living together. It implies the antagonistic activities of the rhizobacteria to deter pathogens from invading tomato plants through their roots. Some PGPR are regarded as biological control agents that hinder the development of spoilage organisms and can act as an alternative for agricultural chemicals that may be detrimental to the health of humans, animals, and some of the beneficial microbes in the rhizosphere soil. These bacteria also help tomato plants acquire essential nutrients like potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), and nitrogen (N). Some rhizobacteria may offer a solution to low tomato production and help tackle food insecurity and farming problems. In this review, an overview of soil-inhabiting rhizobacteria focused on improving the sustainable production of Solanum lycopersicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afeez Adesina Adedayo
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | | | - Cristina Cruz
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marius Stefan
- Faculty of Biology, Universitatea Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Iasi, Romania
| | - Funso Kutu
- Faculty of Agiculture and Natural Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Mpumalanga, South Africa
| | - Bernard R. Glick
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Samaras A, Kamou N, Tzelepis G, Karamanoli K, Menkissoglu-Spiroudi U, Karaoglanidis GS. Root Transcriptional and Metabolic Dynamics Induced by the Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacterium (PGPR) Bacillus subtilis Mbi600 on Cucumber Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1218. [PMID: 35567219 PMCID: PMC9102019 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis MBI600 is a commercialized plant growth-promoting bacterial species used as a biocontrol agent in many crops, controlling various plant pathogens via direct or indirect mechanisms. In the present study, a detailed transcriptomic analysis of cucumber roots upon response to the Bs MBI600 strain is provided. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis showed altered gene expression in more than 1000 genes at 24 and 48 h post-application of Bs MBI600. Bs MBI600 induces genes involved in ISR and SAR signaling. In addition, genes involved in phytohormone production and nutrient availability showed an upregulation pattern, justifying the plant growth promotion. Biocontrol ability of Bs MBI600 seems also to be related to the activation of defense-related genes, such as peroxidase, endo-1,3(4)-beta-glucanase, PR-4, and thaumatin-like. Moreover, KEGG enriched results showed that differentially expressed genes were classified into biocontrol-related pathways. To further investigate the plant's response to the presence of PGPR, a profile of polar metabolites of cucumber treated with Bs MBI600 was performed and compared to that of untreated plants. The results of the current study gave insights into the mechanisms deployed by this biocontrol agent to promote plant resistance, helping to understand the molecular interactions in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Samaras
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Nathalie Kamou
- Pesticide Science Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (N.K.); (U.M.-S.)
| | - Georgios Tzelepis
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala Biocenter, Box 7026, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Katerina Karamanoli
- Laboratory of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Urania Menkissoglu-Spiroudi
- Pesticide Science Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (N.K.); (U.M.-S.)
| | - George S. Karaoglanidis
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
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Fernandes LB, Ghag SB. Molecular insights into the jasmonate signaling and associated defense responses against wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 174:22-34. [PMID: 35121482 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biotic and abiotic stress factors drastically limit plant growth and development as well as alter the physiological, biochemical and cellular processes. This negatively impacts plant productivity, ultimately leading to agricultural and economical loss. Plant defense mechanisms elicited in response to these stressors are crucially regulated by the intricate crosstalk between defense hormones such as jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid and ethylene. These hormones orchestrate adaptive responses by modulating the gene regulatory networks leading to sequential changes in the root architecture, cell wall composition, secondary metabolite production and expression of defense-related genes. Fusarium wilt is a widespread vascular disease in plants caused by the soil-borne ascomycete Fusarium oxysporum and is known to attack several economically important plant cultivars. JA along with its conjugated forms methyl jasmonate and jasmonic acid isoleucine critically tunes plant defense mechanisms by regulating the expression of JA-associated genes imparting resistance phenotype. However, it should be noted that some members of F. oxysporum utilize the JA signaling pathway for disease development leading to susceptibility in plants. Therefore, JA signaling pathway becomes one of the important targets amenable for modulation to develop resistance response against Fusarium wilt in plants. In this review, we have emphasized on the physiological and molecular aspects of JA and its significant role in mounting an early defense response against Fusarium wilt disease. Further, utilization of the inherent JA signaling pathway and/or exogenous application of JA in generating Fusarium wilt resistant plants is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizelle B Fernandes
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai campus, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai, India
| | - Siddhesh B Ghag
- School of Biological Sciences, UM-DAE Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences, University of Mumbai campus, Kalina, Santacruz East, Mumbai, India.
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Yu Y, Gui Y, Li Z, Jiang C, Guo J, Niu D. Induced Systemic Resistance for Improving Plant Immunity by Beneficial Microbes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11030386. [PMID: 35161366 PMCID: PMC8839143 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plant beneficial microorganisms improve the health and growth of the associated plants. Application of beneficial microbes triggers an enhanced resistance state, also termed as induced systemic resistance (ISR), in the host, against a broad range of pathogens. Upon the activation of ISR, plants employ long-distance systemic signaling to provide protection for distal tissue, inducing rapid and strong immune responses against pathogens invasions. The transmission of ISR signaling was commonly regarded to be a jasmonic acid- and ethylene-dependent, but salicylic acid-independent, transmission. However, in the last decade, the involvement of both salicylic acid and jasmonic acid/ethylene signaling pathways and the regulatory roles of small RNA in ISR has been updated. In this review, the plant early recognition, responsive reactions, and the related signaling transduction during the process of the plant-beneficial microbe interaction was discussed, with reflection on the crucial regulatory role of small RNAs in the beneficial microbe-mediated ISR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Yu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (C.J.); (J.G.)
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Interactions and Crop Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Engineering Center of Bioresource Pesticide in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ying Gui
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (C.J.); (J.G.)
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Interactions and Crop Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Engineering Center of Bioresource Pesticide in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zijie Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (C.J.); (J.G.)
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Interactions and Crop Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Engineering Center of Bioresource Pesticide in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chunhao Jiang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (C.J.); (J.G.)
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Interactions and Crop Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Engineering Center of Bioresource Pesticide in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianhua Guo
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (C.J.); (J.G.)
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Interactions and Crop Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Engineering Center of Bioresource Pesticide in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dongdong Niu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (C.J.); (J.G.)
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Interactions and Crop Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Engineering Center of Bioresource Pesticide in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
- Correspondence:
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Kumar S, Diksha, Sindhu SS, Kumar R. Biofertilizers: An ecofriendly technology for nutrient recycling and environmental sustainability. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2021; 3:100094. [PMID: 35024641 PMCID: PMC8724949 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern intensive agricultural practices face numerous challenges that pose major threats to global food security. In order to address the nutritional requirements of the ever-increasing world population, chemical fertilizers and pesticides are applied on large scale to increase crop production. However, the injudicious use of agrochemicals has resulted in environmental pollution leading to public health hazards. Moreover, agriculture soils are continuously losing their quality and physical properties as well as their chemical (imbalance of nutrients) and biological health. Plant-associated microbes with their plant growth- promoting traits have enormous potential to solve these challenges and play a crucial role in enhancing plant biomass and crop yield. The beneficial mechanisms of plant growth improvement include enhanced nutrient availability, phytohormone modulation, biocontrol of phytopathogens and amelioration of biotic and abiotic stresses. Solid-based or liquid bioinoculant formulation comprises inoculum preparation, addition of cell protectants such as glycerol, lactose, starch, a good carrier material, proper packaging and best delivery methods. Recent developments of formulation include entrapment/microencapsulation, nano-immobilization of microbial bioinoculants and biofilm-based biofertilizers. This review critically examines the current state-of-art on use of microbial strains as biofertilizers and the important roles performed by these beneficial microbes in maintaining soil fertility and enhancing crop productivity.
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Key Words
- ABA, Abscisic acid
- ACC, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid
- AM, Arbuscular mycorrhiza
- APX, Ascorbate peroxidase
- BGA, Blue green algae
- BNF, Biological nitrogen fixation
- Beneficial microorganisms
- Biofertilizers
- CAT, Catalase
- Crop production
- DAPG, 2, 4-diacetyl phloroglucinol
- DRB, Deleterious rhizospheric bacteria
- GA, Gibberellic acid
- GPX, Glutathione/thioredoxin peroxidase
- HCN, Hydrogen cyanide
- IAA, Indole acetic acid
- IAR, Intrinsic antibiotic resistance
- ISR, Induced systemic resistance
- KMB, Potassium mobilizing bacteria
- KSMs, Potassium-solubilizing microbes
- MAMPs, Microbes associated molecular patterns
- PAMPs, Pathogen associated molecular patterns
- PCA, Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid
- PGP, Plant growth-promoting
- PGPR, Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria
- POD, Peroxidase
- PSB, Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria
- Rhizosphere
- SAR, Systemic acquired resistance
- SOB, Sulphur oxidizing bacteria
- Soil fertility
- Sustainable agriculture
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India
| | - Diksha
- Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India
| | - Satyavir S. Sindhu
- Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India
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