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Jiang Y, Yan C, Li M, Chen S, Chen Z, Yang L, Luo K. Delivery of natural products via polysaccharide-based nanocarriers for cancer therapy: A review on recent advances and future challenges. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:135072. [PMID: 39191341 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Cancer, caused by uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells, has long been a global public health issue. For decades, natural products have been proven to be an essential source for novel anticancer drug discovery. But their instability, low solubility and bioavailability, poor targeting impede therapeutic efficacy. With the development of nanotechnology, nanomedicine delivery systems have emerged as promising strategies to improve bioavailability and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of drugs. However, constructing suitable nanocarrier is still a major challenge. Polysaccharides are extensively employed as carrier materials in nanomedicine delivery systems, owing to their unique physicochemical properties, biocompatibility and low immunogenicity. Polysaccharide-based nanomedicine delivery systems show high drug delivery efficiency, controlled drug release, and precise tumor targeting. This paper reviews influencing factors in the construction of polysaccharide-based nanocarriers and the application of polysaccharide-based nanocarriers for the delivery of natural products in treating various cancers. It focuses on their in vitro and in vivo anticancer efficacy and mechanisms. Furthermore, the review contrasts the capabilities and limitations of polysaccharide-based nanocarriers with traditional delivery methods, underlining their potential to enable targeted, reduced toxicity and excellent cancer treatment modalities. Finally, we discuss the current research limitations and future prospects in this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chunmei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Minghao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Siying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Zhimin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Lu Yang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Meishan Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan 620010, China.
| | - Kaipei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmaceutics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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2
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Yarahmadi A, Dousti B, Karami-Khorramabadi M, Afkhami H. Materials based on biodegradable polymers chitosan/gelatin: a review of potential applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1397668. [PMID: 39157438 PMCID: PMC11327468 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1397668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Increased mass manufacturing and the pervasive use of plastics in many facets of daily life have had detrimental effects on the environment. As a result, these worries heighten the possibility of climate change due to the carbon dioxide emissions from burning conventional, non-biodegradable polymers. Accordingly, biodegradable gelatin and chitosan polymers are being created as a sustainable substitute for non-biodegradable polymeric materials in various applications. Chitosan is the only naturally occurring cationic alkaline polysaccharide, a well-known edible polymer derived from chitin. The biological activities of chitosan, such as its antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial qualities, have recently piqued the interest of researchers. Similarly, gelatin is a naturally occurring polymer derived from the hydrolytic breakdown of collagen protein and offers various medicinal advantages owing to its unique amino acid composition. In this review, we present an overview of recent studies focusing on applying chitosan and gelatin polymers in various fields. These include using gelatin and chitosan as food packaging, antioxidants and antimicrobial properties, properties encapsulating biologically active substances, tissue engineering, microencapsulation technology, water treatment, and drug delivery. This review emphasizes the significance of investigating sustainable options for non-biodegradable plastics. It showcases the diverse uses of gelatin and chitosan polymers in tackling environmental issues and driving progress across different industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Yarahmadi
- Department of Biology, Khorramabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Behrooz Dousti
- Department of Biology, Khorramabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Karami-Khorramabadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khorramabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Hamed Afkhami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Alborz, Iran
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3
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Bokatyi AN, Dubashynskaya NV, Skorik YA. Chemical modification of hyaluronic acid as a strategy for the development of advanced drug delivery systems. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 337:122145. [PMID: 38710553 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) has emerged as a promising biopolymer for various biomedical applications due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and intrinsic ability to interact with cell surface receptors, making it an attractive candidate for drug delivery systems and tissue engineering. Chemical modification of HA has opened up versatile possibilities to tailor its properties, enabling the development of advanced drug delivery systems and biomaterials with enhanced functionalities and targeted applications. This review analyzes the strategies and applications of chemically modified HA in the field of drug delivery and biomaterial development. The first part of the review focuses on the different methods and functional groups used for the chemical modification of HA, highlighting the impact of these modifications on its physicochemical properties, degradation behavior and interactions with drugs. The second part of the review evaluates the use of chemically modified HA in the development of advanced biomedical materials including nano- and microparticles, hydrogels and mucoadhesive materials with tailored drug release profiles, site-specific targeting and stimuli-responsive behavior. Thus, the review consolidates the current advances and future perspectives in the field of chemical modification of HA, underscoring its immense potential to drive the development of advanced drug delivery systems and biomaterials with diverse biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton N Bokatyi
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi VO 31, St. Petersburg 199004, Russian Federation
| | - Natallia V Dubashynskaya
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi VO 31, St. Petersburg 199004, Russian Federation
| | - Yury A Skorik
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi VO 31, St. Petersburg 199004, Russian Federation.
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4
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Zahariev N, Pilicheva B. A Novel Method for the Preparation of Casein-Fucoidan Composite Nanostructures. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1818. [PMID: 39000673 PMCID: PMC11244046 DOI: 10.3390/polym16131818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to develop casein-fucoidan composite nanostructures through the method of polyelectrolyte complexation and subsequent spray drying. To determine the optimal parameters for the preparation of the composite structures and to investigate the influence of the production and technological parameters on the main structural and morphological characteristics of the obtained structures, 3(k-p) fractional factorial design was applied. The independent variables (casein to fucoidan ratio, glutaraldehyde concentration, and spray intensity) were varied at three levels (low, medium, and high) and their effect on the yield, the average particle size, and the zeta potential were evaluated statistically. Based on the obtained results, models C1F1G1Sp.30, C1F1G2Sp.40, and C1F1G3Sp.50, which have an average particle size ranging from (0.265 ± 0.03) µm to (0.357 ± 0.02) µm, a production yield in the range (48.9 ± 2.9) % to (66.4 ± 2.2) %, and a zeta potential varying from (-20.12 ± 0.9) mV to (-25.71 ± 1.0) mV, were selected as optimal for further use as drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Zahariev
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Bissera Pilicheva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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5
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Zvereva M. The Use of Polysaccharide Matrices as a Basis for the Formation of Tellurium Nanoparticles with Different Morphologies. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1482. [PMID: 38891429 PMCID: PMC11174563 DOI: 10.3390/polym16111482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The widening of possible areas of practical uses for zero-valent tellurium nanoparticles (Te0NPs) from biomedicine to optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications determines the actuality of the development of simple and affordable methods for their preparation. Among the existing variety of approaches to the synthesis of Te0NPs, special attention should be paid to chemical methods, and especially to "green" approaches, which are based on the use of precursors of tellurium in their powder bulk form and natural galactose-containing polysaccharides-arabinogalactan (Ar-Gal), galactomannan-(GM-dP) and κ-carrageenan (κ-CG) acting as ligands stabilizing the surface of the Te0NPs. The use of basic-reduction system "N2H4 H2O-NaOH" for preliminary activation of bulk-Te and Ar-Gal, GM-dP and κ-CG allowed us to obtain in aqueous medium a number of stable nanocomposites consisting of Te0NPs stabilized by the polysaccharides' macromolecules. By varying the precursor ratio, different morphologies of nanoparticles were obtained, ranging from spheres at a polysaccharide/Te ratio of 100:1 to rice-like at a 10:1 ratio. The type (branched, combed, or linear sulfated) of polysaccharide and its molecular weight value determined the size of the nanoparticles. Thus, the galactose-containing polysaccharides that were selected for this study may be promising renewable materials for the production of water-soluble Te0NPs with different morphology on this basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Zvereva
- A.E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry SB RAS, 1 Favorsky Street, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
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6
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Stevanović M, Filipović N. A Review of Recent Developments in Biopolymer Nano-Based Drug Delivery Systems with Antioxidative Properties: Insights into the Last Five Years. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:670. [PMID: 38794332 PMCID: PMC11125366 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, biopolymer-based nano-drug delivery systems with antioxidative properties have gained significant attention in the field of pharmaceutical research. These systems offer promising strategies for targeted and controlled drug delivery while also providing antioxidant effects that can mitigate oxidative stress-related diseases. Generally, the healthcare landscape is constantly evolving, necessitating the continual development of innovative therapeutic approaches and drug delivery systems (DDSs). DDSs play a pivotal role in enhancing treatment efficacy, minimizing adverse effects, and optimizing patient compliance. Among these, nanotechnology-driven delivery approaches have garnered significant attention due to their unique properties, such as improved solubility, controlled release, and targeted delivery. Nanomaterials, including nanoparticles, nanocapsules, nanotubes, etc., offer versatile platforms for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. Additionally, biopolymer-based DDSs hold immense promise, leveraging natural or synthetic biopolymers to encapsulate drugs and enable targeted and controlled release. These systems offer numerous advantages, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low immunogenicity. The utilization of polysaccharides, polynucleotides, proteins, and polyesters as biopolymer matrices further enhances the versatility and applicability of DDSs. Moreover, substances with antioxidative properties have emerged as key players in combating oxidative stress-related diseases, offering protection against cellular damage and chronic illnesses. The development of biopolymer-based nanoformulations with antioxidative properties represents a burgeoning research area, with a substantial increase in publications in recent years. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent developments within this area over the past five years. It discusses various biopolymer materials, fabrication techniques, stabilizers, factors influencing degradation, and drug release. Additionally, it highlights emerging trends, challenges, and prospects in this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Stevanović
- Group for Biomedical Engineering and Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Technical Sciences of SASA, Kneza Mihaila 35/IV, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
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7
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Khaleghi N, Esmkhani M, Noori M, Dastyafteh N, Ghomi MK, Mahdavi M, Sayahi MH, Javanshir S. Copper supported modified magnetic carrageenan as a bio-based catalyst for the synthesis of novel scaffolds bearing the 1,2,3-triazole unit through the click reaction. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:2337-2349. [PMID: 38694460 PMCID: PMC11059478 DOI: 10.1039/d4na00022f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
The ongoing work delineates the design of a novel library of 1,2,3-triazole-attached phenylacetamides through molecular hybridization of propargyl and phenylacetamide derivatives. Copper-supported modified magnetic carrageenan serves as a green heterogeneous catalyst, ensuring high yield, efficient reaction times, high atom economy, utilization of an environmentally friendly catalyst from a natural source, and a straightforward workup procedure. The successful synthesis of the catalyst is confirmed and evaluated using various analytical techniques, while the synthetic compounds are characterized through 1H NMR and 13C NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Khaleghi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Maryam Esmkhani
- Pharmaceutical and Heterocyclic Compounds Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology 16846-13114 Tehran Iran
| | - Milad Noori
- Pharmaceutical and Heterocyclic Compounds Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology 16846-13114 Tehran Iran
| | - Navid Dastyafteh
- Pharmaceutical and Heterocyclic Compounds Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology 16846-13114 Tehran Iran
| | - Minoo Khalili Ghomi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | | | - Shahrzad Javanshir
- Pharmaceutical and Heterocyclic Compounds Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology 16846-13114 Tehran Iran
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8
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Alshehri AA, Kamel RM, Gamal H, Sakr H, Saleh MN, El-Bana M, El-Dreny ESG, El Fadly E, Abdin M, Salama MA, Elsayed M. Sodium alginate films incorporated with Lepidium sativum (Garden cress) extract as a novel method to enhancement the oxidative stability of edible oil. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:130949. [PMID: 38508545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
This study addresses the growing interest in bio-based active food packaging by infusing Lepidium sativum (Garden cress) seeds extract (GRCE) into sodium alginate (SALG) films at varying concentrations (1, 3, and 5 %). The GRCE extract revealed six phenolic compounds, with gallic and chlorogenic acids being prominent, showcasing substantial total phenolic content (TPC) of 139.36 μg GAE/mg and total flavonoid content (TFC) of 26.46 μg RE/mg. The integration into SALG films significantly increased TPC, reaching 30.73 mg GAE/g in the film with 5 % GRCE. This enhancement extended to DPPH and ABTS activities, with notable rises to 66.47 and 70.12 %, respectively. Physical properties, including tensile strength, thickness, solubility, and moisture content, were positively affected. A reduction in water vapor permeability (WVP) was reported in the film enriched with 5 % GRCE (1.389 × 10-10 g H2O/m s p.a.). FT-IR analysis revealed bands indicating GRCE's physical interaction with the SALG matrix, with thermal stability of the films decreasing upon GRCE integration. SALG/GRCE5 effectively lowered the peroxide value (PV) of sunflower oil after four weeks at 50 °C compared to the control, with direct film-oil contact enhancing this reduction. Similar trends were observed in the K232 and K270 values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizah A Alshehri
- Department of Home Economic, College of Home Economic, Abha, King Khalid University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham M Kamel
- Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12611, Egypt
| | - Heba Gamal
- Home Economics Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hazem Sakr
- Agricultural Research Center, Food Technology Research Institute, Giza 12611, Egypt
| | - Mohamed N Saleh
- Agricultural Research Center, Food Technology Research Institute, Giza 12611, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Bana
- Agricultural Research Center, Food Technology Research Institute, Giza 12611, Egypt
| | | | - Enas El Fadly
- Dairy Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelshiekh University, Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdin
- Agricultural Research Center, Food Technology Research Institute, Giza 12611, Egypt
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9
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Lu A, Li S. Polysaccharides as a Hydrophilic Building Block of Amphiphilic Block Copolymers for the Conception of Nanocarriers. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:467. [PMID: 38675130 PMCID: PMC11054713 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are gaining increasing attention for their relevance in the production of sustainable materials. In the domain of biomaterials, polysaccharides play an important role as hydrophilic components in the design of amphiphilic block copolymers for the development of drug delivery systems, in particular nanocarriers due to their outstanding biocompatibility, biodegradability, and structural versatility. The presence of a reducing end in polysaccharide chains allows for the synthesis of polysaccharide-based block copolymers. Compared with polysaccharide-based graft copolymers, the structure of block copolymers can be more precisely controlled. In this review, the synthesis methods of polysaccharide-based amphiphilic block copolymers are discussed in detail, taking into consideration the structural characteristics of polysaccharides. Various synthetic approaches, including reductive amination, oxime ligation, and other chain-end modification reactions, are explored. This review also focuses on the advantages of polysaccharides as hydrophilic blocks in polymeric nanocarriers. The structure and unique properties of different polysaccharides such as cellulose, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, alginate, and dextran are described along with examples of their applications as hydrophilic segments in the synthesis of amphiphilic copolymers to construct nanocarriers for sustained drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijing Lu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial & NMPA Research Base of Regulatory Science for Medical Devices, Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Devices, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China;
| | - Suming Li
- Institut Européen des Membranes, UMR CNRS 5635, Université de Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France
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10
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Almeleebia T, Akhter MH, Khalilullah H, Rahman MA, Ahmad S, Alam N, Ali MS, Khan G, Alanazi IM, Shahzad N, Alalmaie A. Co-Delivery of Naringin and Ciprofloxacin by Oleic Acid Lipid Core Encapsulated in Carboxymethyl Chitosan/Alginate Nanoparticle Composite for Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:6845-6860. [PMID: 38371782 PMCID: PMC10870392 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
A novel combination of antibiotic, ciprofloxacin (CIP) with herbal counterpart naringin (NAR) was encapsulated by an oleic acid lipid core and carboxymethyl chitosan (CM-CS)/Alginate (AG) nanoparticle composite (CIP + NAR-CM-CS/AG-NPs) for improved antimicrobial efficacy of antibiotic. Herein, this study explored the design and preparation of a composite system that enables to deliver both CIP and NAR from the oleic acid lipid core of CM-CS/AG nanoparticles using a nonsolvent ionic gelation technique. The nanoparticles (NPs) were fabricated with improved long-acting antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. The optimized composition was investigated for physicochemical properties particle size, particle distribution, and ζ-potential. A diverse array of analytical tools was employed to characterize the optimized formulation including DSC, XRD, Malvern Zetasizer for particle size, ζ-potential, TEM, and SEM. Further, the preparation was investigated for % drug release, flux determination, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity. The formulation stability was tested for 90 days and also evaluated formulation stability in fetal bovine serum to inspect the modification in physicochemical characteristics. NPs size was determined at 85 nm, PDI, and ζ-potential was recorded at 0.318, and 0.7 ± 0.4 mV. The % CIP and NAR entrapment efficiency and % loading were incurred as 91 ± 1.9, and 89.5 ± 1.2; 11.5 ± 0.6, and 10.8 ± 0.5%, respectively. The drug release erupted in the beginning phase followed by sustained and prolonged release for 48 h. The analytical experiments by DSC ensured the noninteracting and safe use of excipients in combination. X-ray studies demonstrated the amorphous state of the drug in the formulation. The insignificant alteration of formulation characteristics in FBS suggested stable and robust preparation. Storage stability of the developed formulation ensured consistent and uniform stability for three months. The DPPH assays demonstrated that NAR had good antioxidant capacity and supported improving antimicrobial activity of CIP. The hemolytic test suggested the developed formulation was compatible and caused insignificant RBC destruction. The in-house built formulation CIP + NAR-CM-CS/AG-NPs significantly improved the antimicrobial activity compared to CIP alone, offering a novel choice in antimicrobial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahani
M. Almeleebia
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Habibullah Khalilullah
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of
Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Akhlaquer Rahman
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarfaraz Ahmad
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 114, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawazish Alam
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 114, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Sajid Ali
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan
University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gyas Khan
- Department
of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan
University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Mufadhi
M. Alanazi
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naiyer Shahzad
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amnah Alalmaie
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King
Khalid University, P.O. Box 62529, Abha61421, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Wu S, Xiao R, Wu Y, Xu L. Advances in tissue engineering of gellan gum-based hydrogels. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 324:121484. [PMID: 37985043 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Gellan Gum (GG) is a large, naturally occurring, linear polysaccharide with a similar structure and biological properties to the extracellular matrix. It's appropriate as a matrix material for the development of different composite materials due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and injectability. Hydrogels made from GG have found various applications in the field of Tissue Engineering (TE) in recent years after being mixed with a variety of other organic and inorganic components. These composites are considered multifunctional developing biomaterials because of their impressive mechanical capabilities, biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, etc. This review focuses on the emerging advances of GG-based hydrogels in TE, providing an overview of the applications of different types of GG-based composite materials in bone TE, cartilage TE, nervous TE, retina TE, and other fields. Moreover, the investigations of GG-based hydrogels as bioink components for 3D bioprinting in TE will be elucidated. This review offers general guidance for the development of biomaterials related to GG, as well as ideas for future clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanyi Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research, Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care, Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Disease and Oral Health, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rongjun Xiao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research, Hunan 3D Printing Engineering Research Center of Oral Care, Hunan Clinical Research Center of Oral Major Disease and Oral Health, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Laijun Xu
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
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12
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Mamaligka AM, Dodou K. Studies on Loading Salicylic Acid in Xerogel Films of Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid. Gels 2024; 10:54. [PMID: 38247777 PMCID: PMC10815332 DOI: 10.3390/gels10010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
During the last decades, salicylic acid (SA) and hyaluronic acid (HA) have been studied for a wide range of cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. The current study investigated the drug loading potential of SA in HA-based crosslinked hydrogel films using a post-loading (osmosis) method of the unmedicated xerogels from saturated aqueous solutions of salicylic acid over a range of pH values. The films were characterized with Fourier-transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry in order to elucidate the drug loading profile and the films' integrity during the loading process. Additional studies on their weight loss (%), gel fraction (%), thickness increase (%) and swelling (%) were performed. Overall, the studies showed significant film disintegration at highly acidic and basic solutions. No drug loading occurred at neutral and basic pH, possibly due to the anionic repulsion between SA and HA, whereas at, pH 2.1, the drug loading was promising and could be detected via UV-Vis analysis of the medicated solutions, with the SA concentration in the xerogel films at 28% w/w.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kalliopi Dodou
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Teesside, Middlesborough TS13BX, UK
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13
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Petrovic SM, Barbinta-Patrascu ME. Organic and Biogenic Nanocarriers as Bio-Friendly Systems for Bioactive Compounds' Delivery: State-of-the Art and Challenges. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7550. [PMID: 38138692 PMCID: PMC10744464 DOI: 10.3390/ma16247550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
"Green" strategies to build up novel organic nanocarriers with bioperformance are modern trends in nanotechnology. In this way, the valorization of bio-wastes and the use of living systems to develop multifunctional organic and biogenic nanocarriers (OBNs) have revolutionized the nanotechnological and biomedical fields. This paper is a comprehensive review related to OBNs for bioactives' delivery, providing an overview of the reports on the past two decades. In the first part, several classes of bioactive compounds and their therapeutic role are briefly presented. A broad section is dedicated to the main categories of organic and biogenic nanocarriers. The major challenges regarding the eco-design and the fate of OBNs are suggested to overcome some toxicity-related drawbacks. Future directions and opportunities, and finding "green" solutions for solving the problems related to nanocarriers, are outlined in the final of this paper. We believe that through this review, we will capture the attention of the readers and will open new perspectives for new solutions/ideas for the discovery of more efficient and "green" ways in developing novel bioperformant nanocarriers for transporting bioactive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja M. Petrovic
- Department of Chemical Technologies, Faculty of Technology, University of Nis, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 124, 1600 Leskovac, Serbia;
| | - Marcela-Elisabeta Barbinta-Patrascu
- Department of Electricity, Solid-State Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, 405 Atomistilor Street, P.O. Box MG-11, 077125 Măgurele, Romania
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14
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Deokar GS, Deokar AM, Kshirsagar SJ, Buranasompob A, Nirmal NP. Extraction, physicochemical characterization, functionality, and excipient ability of corn fiber gum-starch isolate from corn milling industry waste. Int J Pharm 2023; 645:123401. [PMID: 37696343 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Corn processing industries generate an extensive fibrous byproduct consisting of corn fiber gum (CFG) and residual starch (S). The present study hypothesized that CFG and S could be isolated as a single crosslinked conjugate. The isolated CFG-S conjugate was acidic, with a pKa value of 11.49, and a swelling index of 99.60%. Henderson-Hasselbalch equation predicted negligible ionization throughout the gastrointestinal pH range. The DSC thermogram highlights glass transition and temperature-specific structure stabilization through the exothermic crystallization domain. FTIR, SEM & XRD confirmed the structural conjugation and integrity of the conjugate. Tablets containing Venlafaxine hydrochloride as a model drug were prepared using CFG-S (14 and 57%) as excipient by wet granulation method. Percentage cumulative drug release with low concentration was up to 99.67175 ± 0.09 % in 5 h whereas with high concentration, it was extended to 12 h (P < 0.05). Korsemayer-Peppas release exponent indicates zero order (R2 = 0.9935) kinetics with super case-II anomalous transport showing diffusion and erosion as drug release mechanisms. The results confirmed that CFG-S isolate could act as a good binding agent at low concentrations and release extending cross-linked matrix former at a higher concentration for release retardant excipient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitanjali Sambhajirao Deokar
- Department of Quality Assurance, MET's Institute of Pharmacy, Bhujbal Knowledge City, Adgaon, Nashik, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Archana Maruti Deokar
- Department of Quality Assurance, MET's Institute of Pharmacy, Bhujbal Knowledge City, Adgaon, Nashik, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjay Jayprakash Kshirsagar
- Department of Quality Assurance, MET's Institute of Pharmacy, Bhujbal Knowledge City, Adgaon, Nashik, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Athisaya Buranasompob
- Center for Innovation and Reference on Food for Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Nilesh Prakash Nirmal
- Deaprtment of Food Science, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
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15
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Chiaregato CG, Bernardinelli OD, Shavandi A, Sabadini E, Petri DFS. The effect of the molecular structure of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose on the states of water, wettability, and swelling properties of cryogels prepared with and without CaO 2. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 316:121029. [PMID: 37321726 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) belongs to the cellulose ether family that has hydroxyl groups substituted by hydrophobic methyl groups (DS) and hydrophilic hydroxypropyl groups (MS). Herein, the interactions between water molecules and cryogels prepared with HPMC in the presence and absence of a linear nonionic surfactant, as well as CaO2 microparticles, which react with water producing O2, were systematically investigated by sorption experiments and Time-Domain Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Regardless of the DS and MS, most water molecules presented transverse relaxation time t2 typical of intermediate water and a small population of more tightly bound water. HPMC cryogels with the highest DS of 1.9 presented the slowest swelling rate of 0.519 ± 0.053 gwater/(g.s) and the highest contact angle values 85.250o ± 0.004o, providing the best conditions for a slow reaction between CaO2 and water. The presence of surfactant favored hydrophobic interactions that allowed the polar head of the surfactant to be exposed to the medium, resulting in a higher swelling rate and lower contact angle values. The HPMC with the highest MS presented the fastest swelling rate and the lowest contact angle. These findings are relevant for the formulations and reactions, where tuning the swelling kinetics is crucial for the final application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Gruber Chiaregato
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Amin Shavandi
- BioMatter Unit, École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Edvaldo Sabadini
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas, 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, Brazil
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16
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Molinar C, Tannous M, Meloni D, Cavalli R, Scomparin A. Current Status and Trends in Nucleic Acids for Cancer Therapy: A Focus on Polysaccharide-Based Nanomedicines. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2300102. [PMID: 37212473 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The efficacious delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids to cancer still remains an open issue. Through the years, several strategies are developed for the encapsulation of genetic molecules exploiting different materials, such as viral vectors, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), and polymeric nanoparticles (NPs). Indeed, the rapid approval by regulatory authorities and the wide use of LNPs complexing the mRNA coding for the spark protein for COVID-19 vaccination paved the way for the initiation of several clinical trials exploiting lipid nanoparticles for cancer therapy. Nevertheless, polymers still represent a valuable alternative to lipid-based formulations, due to the low cost and the chemical flexibility that allows for the conjugation of targeting ligands. This review will analyze the status of the ongoing clinical trials for cancer therapy, including vaccination and immunotherapy approaches, exploiting polymeric materials. Among those nanosized carriers, sugar-based backbones are an interesting category. A cyclodextrin-based carrier (CALAA-01) is the first polymeric material to enter a clinical trial complexed with siRNA for cancer therapy, and chitosan is one of the most characterized non-viral vectors able to complex genetic material. Finally, the recent advances in the use of sugar-based polymers (oligo- and polysaccharides) for the complexation of nucleic acids in advanced preclinical stage will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Molinar
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Torino, 10125, Italy
| | - Maria Tannous
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Torino, 10125, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, Torino, 10125, Italy
| | - Domitilla Meloni
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Torino, 10125, Italy
| | - Roberta Cavalli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Torino, 10125, Italy
| | - Anna Scomparin
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, Torino, 10125, Italy
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17
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Visan AI, Cristescu R. Polysaccharide-Based Coatings as Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2227. [PMID: 37765196 PMCID: PMC10537422 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic polysaccharide-based coatings have recently emerged as versatile strategies to transform a conventional medical implant into a drug delivery system. However, the translation of these polysaccharide-based coatings into the clinic as drug delivery systems still requires a deeper understanding of their drug degradation/release profiles. This claim is supported by little or no data. In this review paper, a comprehensive description of the benefits and challenges generated by the polysaccharide-based coatings is provided. Moreover, the latest advances made towards the application of the most important representative coatings based on polysaccharide types for drug delivery are debated. Furthermore, suggestions/recommendations for future research to speed up the transition of polysaccharide-based drug delivery systems from the laboratory testing to clinical applications are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Ioana Visan
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Rodica Cristescu
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele, Ilfov, Romania
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18
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Fernandes PAR, Coimbra MA. The antioxidant activity of polysaccharides: A structure-function relationship overview. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 314:120965. [PMID: 37173007 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the last years, polysaccharides have been linked to antioxidant effects using both in vitro chemical and biological models. The reported structures, claimed to act as antioxidants, comprise chitosan, pectic polysaccharides, glucans, mannoproteins, alginates, fucoidans, and many others of all type of biological sources. The structural features linked to the antioxidant action include the polysaccharide charge, molecular weight, and the occurrence of non-carbohydrate substituents. The establishment of structure/function relationships can be, however, biased by secondary phenomena that tailor polysaccharides behavior in antioxidant systems. In this sense, this review confronts some basic concepts of polysaccharides chemistry with the current claim of carbohydrates as antioxidants. It critically discusses how the fine structure and properties of polysaccharides can define polysaccharides as antioxidants. Polysaccharides antioxidant action is highly dependent on their solubility, sugar ring structure, molecular weight, occurrence of positive or negatively charged groups, protein moieties and covalently linked phenolic compounds. However, the occurrence of phenolic compounds and protein as contaminants leads to misleading results in methodologies often used for screening and characterization purposes, as well as in vivo models. Despite falling in the concept of antioxidants, the role of polysaccharides must be well defined according with the matrices where they are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A R Fernandes
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Manuel A Coimbra
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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19
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Cirillo G, Curcio M, Oliviero Rossi C, De Filpo G, Baratta M, De Luca M, Iemma F, Nicoletta FP. Curcumin-Sodium Alginate and Curcumin-Chitosan Conjugates as Drug Delivery Systems: An Interesting Rheological Behaviour. Molecules 2023; 28:5893. [PMID: 37570862 PMCID: PMC10420803 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The conjugation of polyphenols is a valuable strategy with which to confer tailored properties to polymeric materials of biomedical interest. Within this investigation, we aim to explore the possibility to use this synthetic approach to increase the viscosity of conjugates, thus allowing the release of a loaded therapeutic to be better controlled over time than in neat polyphenols. Curcumin (CUR) was conjugated to sodium alginate (CA) and chitosan (CS) with functionalisation degrees of 9.2 (SA-CUR) and 15.4 (CS-CUR) mg g-1. Calorimetric analyses showed higher degrees of chain rigidity upon conjugation, with a shift of the degradation peaks to higher temperatures (from 239 to 245 °C and from 296 to 303 °C for SA-CUR and CS-CUR, respectively). Rheological analyses were used to prove the enhanced interconnection between the polymer chains in the conjugates, confirmed by the weak gel parameters, A and z. Moreover, the typical non-Newtonian behaviour of the high-molecular-weight polysaccharides was recorded, together with an enhancement of the activation energy, Ea, in CS-CUR vs. CS (opposite behaviour recorded for SA-CUR vs. SA). The evaluation of the delivery performance (of Doxorubicin as a model drug) showed sustained release profiles, opening opportunities for the development of controlled delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Cirillo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (M.C.); (M.D.L.); (F.I.); (F.P.N.)
| | - Manuela Curcio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (M.C.); (M.D.L.); (F.I.); (F.P.N.)
| | - Cesare Oliviero Rossi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (C.O.R.); (G.D.F.); (M.B.)
| | - Giovanni De Filpo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (C.O.R.); (G.D.F.); (M.B.)
| | - Mariafrancesca Baratta
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (C.O.R.); (G.D.F.); (M.B.)
| | - Michele De Luca
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (M.C.); (M.D.L.); (F.I.); (F.P.N.)
| | - Francesca Iemma
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (M.C.); (M.D.L.); (F.I.); (F.P.N.)
| | - Fiore Pasquale Nicoletta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy; (M.C.); (M.D.L.); (F.I.); (F.P.N.)
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20
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Boopathy LK, Gopal T, Roy A, Kalari Kandy RR, Arumugam MK. Recent trends in macromolecule-conjugated hybrid quantum dots for cancer theranostic applications. RSC Adv 2023; 13:18760-18774. [PMID: 37346950 PMCID: PMC10281231 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02673f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are small nanoparticles with semiconductor properties ranging from 2 to 10 nanometers comprising 10-50 atoms. The single wavelength excitation character of QDs makes it more significant, as it can excite multiple particles in a confined surface simultaneously by narrow emission. QDs are more photostable than traditional organic dyes; however, when injected into tissues, whole animals, or ionic solutions, there is a significant loss of fluorescence. HQD-based probes conjugated with cancer-specific ligands, antibodies, or peptides are used in clinical diagnosis. It is more precise and reliable than standard immunohistochemistry (IHC) at minimal protein expression levels. Advanced clinical studies use photodynamic therapy (PDT) with fluorescence imaging to effectively identify and treat cancer. Recent studies revealed that a combination of unique characteristics of QDs, including their fluorescence capacity and abnormal expression of miRNA in cancer cells, were used for the detection and monitoring progression of cancer. In this review, we have highlighted the unique properties of QDs and the theranostic behavior of various macromolecule-conjugated HQDs leading to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh Kumar Boopathy
- Molecular Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, MAHER Kanchipuram 631552 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Thiyagarajan Gopal
- Centre for Laboratory Animal Technology and Research, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Chennai-600119 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Anitha Roy
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai-600077 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Rakhee Rathnam Kalari Kandy
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Maryland Baltimore-21201 MD USA
| | - Madan Kumar Arumugam
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Centre for Molecular and Nanomedical Sciences, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Chennai-600119 Tamil Nadu India +91-9942110146
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21
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Sampedro-Guerrero J, Vives-Peris V, Gomez-Cadenas A, Clausell-Terol C. Efficient strategies for controlled release of nanoencapsulated phytohormones to improve plant stress tolerance. PLANT METHODS 2023; 19:47. [PMID: 37189192 PMCID: PMC10184380 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-023-01025-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Climate change due to different human activities is causing adverse environmental conditions and uncontrolled extreme weather events. These harsh conditions are directly affecting the crop areas, and consequently, their yield (both in quantity and quality) is often impaired. It is essential to seek new advanced technologies to allow plants to tolerate environmental stresses and maintain their normal growth and development. Treatments performed with exogenous phytohormones stand out because they mitigate the negative effects of stress and promote the growth rate of plants. However, the technical limitations in field application, the putative side effects, and the difficulty in determining the correct dose, limit their widespread use. Nanoencapsulated systems have attracted attention because they allow a controlled delivery of active compounds and for their protection with eco-friendly shell biomaterials. Encapsulation is in continuous evolution due to the development and improvement of new techniques economically affordable and environmentally friendly, as well as new biomaterials with high affinity to carry and coat bioactive compounds. Despite their potential as an efficient alternative to phytohormone treatments, encapsulation systems remain relatively unexplored to date. This review aims to emphasize the potential of phytohormone treatments as a means of enhancing plant stress tolerance, with a specific focus on the benefits that can be gained through the improved exogenous application of these treatments using encapsulation techniques. Moreover, the main encapsulation techniques, shell materials and recent work on plants treated with encapsulated phytohormones have been compiled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Sampedro-Guerrero
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Ciencias Naturales, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain
| | - Vicente Vives-Peris
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Ciencias Naturales, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain
| | - Aurelio Gomez-Cadenas
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Ciencias Naturales, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain.
| | - Carolina Clausell-Terol
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Instituto Universitario de Tecnología Cerámica, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castelló de la Plana, Castellón, Spain.
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22
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Zhang S, Dong J, Pan R, Xu Z, Li M, Zang R. Structures, Properties, and Bioengineering Applications of Alginates and Hyaluronic Acid. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092149. [PMID: 37177293 PMCID: PMC10181120 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, polymeric materials have been used in a wide range of applications in a variety of fields. In particular, in the field of bioengineering, the use of natural biomaterials offers a possible new avenue for the development of products with better biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxicity. This paper reviews the structural and physicochemical properties of alginate and hyaluronic acid, as well as the applications of the modified cross-linked derivatives in tissue engineering and drug delivery. This paper summarizes the application of alginate and hyaluronic acid in bone tissue engineering, wound dressings, and drug carriers. We provide some ideas on how to replace or combine alginate-based composites with hyaluronic-acid-based composites in tissue engineering and drug delivery to achieve better eco-economic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Zhang
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Jiayu Dong
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Renxue Pan
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Zhenyang Xu
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Rui Zang
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
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23
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Bayer IS. Controlled Drug Release from Nanoengineered Polysaccharides. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051364. [PMID: 37242606 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides are naturally occurring complex molecules with exceptional physicochemical properties and bioactivities. They originate from plant, animal, and microbial-based resources and processes and can be chemically modified. The biocompatibility and biodegradability of polysaccharides enable their increased use in nanoscale synthesis and engineering for drug encapsulation and release. This review focuses on sustained drug release studies from nanoscale polysaccharides in the fields of nanotechnology and biomedical sciences. Particular emphasis is placed on drug release kinetics and relevant mathematical models. An effective release model can be used to envision the behavior of specific nanoscale polysaccharide matrices and reduce impending experimental trial and error, saving time and resources. A robust model can also assist in translating from in vitro to in vivo experiments. The main aim of this review is to demonstrate that any study that establishes sustained release from nanoscale polysaccharide matrices should be accompanied by a detailed analysis of drug release kinetics by modeling since sustained release from polysaccharides not only involves diffusion and degradation but also surface erosion, complicated swelling dynamics, crosslinking, and drug-polymer interactions. As such, in the first part, we discuss the classification and role of polysaccharides in various applications and later elaborate on the specific pharmaceutical processes of polysaccharides in ionic gelling, stabilization, cross-linking, grafting, and encapsulation of drugs. We also document several drug release models applied to nanoscale hydrogels, nanofibers, and nanoparticles of polysaccharides and conclude that, at times, more than one model can accurately describe the sustained release profiles, indicating the existence of release mechanisms running in parallel. Finally, we conclude with the future opportunities and advanced applications of nanoengineered polysaccharides and their theranostic aptitudes for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilker S Bayer
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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24
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Platon IV, Ghiorghita CA, Lazar MM, Raschip IE, Dinu MV. Chitosan Sponges with Instantaneous Shape Recovery and Multistrain Antibacterial Activity for Controlled Release of Plant-Derived Polyphenols. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054452. [PMID: 36901883 PMCID: PMC10002852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomass-derived materials with multiple features are seldom reported so far. Herein, new chitosan (CS) sponges with complementary functions for point-of-use healthcare applications were prepared by glutaraldehyde (GA) cross-linking and tested for antibacterial activity, antioxidant properties, and controlled delivery of plant-derived polyphenols. Their structural, morphological, and mechanical properties were thoroughly assessed by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and uniaxial compression measurements, respectively. The main features of sponges were modulated by varying the CS concentration, cross-linking ratio, and gelation conditions (either cryogelation or room-temperature gelation). They exhibited complete water-triggered shape recovery after compression, remarkable antibacterial properties against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes)) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli (E. coli), Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium)) strains, as well as good radical scavenging activity. The release profile of a plant-derived polyphenol, namely curcumin (CCM), was investigated at 37 °C in simulated gastrointestinal media. It was found that CCM release was dependent on the composition and the preparation strategy of sponges. By linearly fitting the CCM kinetic release data from the CS sponges with the Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic models, a pseudo-Fickian diffusion release mechanism was predicted.
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Enhanced Tumor Accumulation of Low-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronic Acid/Chitosan Nanocomplexes for Photothermal Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020613. [PMID: 36839935 PMCID: PMC9964456 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted phototheranostic nanosystems involving both cancer-specific near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and NIR light-induced phototherapy have shown great potential to improve cancer detection and treatment. In this study, a bifunctional nanocomplex based on low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (LMW-HA) and chitosan oligosaccharide lactate (COL) conjugating a zwitterionic NIR dye (ZW800-1) was rationally designed and prepared, and it was simultaneously used to enhance tumor accumulation and photothermal therapy (PTT). When HA-COL-ZW nanocomplexes were intravenously injected into mice bearing NCI-H460 tumors, HA-COL-ZW revealed increased tumor accumulation with prolonged tumor retention. Moreover, the ZW800-1 incorporated in HA-COL-ZW nanocomplexes showed excellent capability to convert NIR light into heat energy at the tumor site, acting as a PTT agent. Therefore, the targeted phototherapeutic HA-COL-ZW nanocomplex is a biocompatible and effective photothermal nanoagent, which could be a good candidate for future clinical use.
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Waiprib Y, Ingrungruengluet P, Worawattanamateekul W. Nanoparticles Based on Chondroitin Sulfate from Tuna Heads and Chitooligosaccharides for Enhanced Water Solubility and Sustained Release of Curcumin. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040834. [PMID: 36850119 PMCID: PMC9965308 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to separate chondroitin sulfate (CS) from the heads of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) and yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), by-products derived from canned tuna processing, via a biological process. The use of 1% w/w papain and an incubation time of 48 h resulted in a degree of hydrolysis of 93.75 ± 2.94% and a CS content of 59.53 ± 1.77 mg/100 g. The FTIR spectra of extracted CS products exhibited identical functional groups found in commercially available CS. The molecular weights of CS extracted from skipjack and yellowfin tuna heads were 11.0 kDa and 7.7 kDa, respectively. Subsequently, a CH:CS ratio of 3:2 for CS and chitooligosaccharides (CH) was chosen as the optimal ratio for the preparation of spherical nanoparticles, with %EE, mean particle size, PDI, and zeta potential values of 50.89 ± 0.66%, 128.90 ± 3.29 nm, 0.27 ± 0.04, and -12.47 ± 2.06, respectively. The CU content was enhanced to 127.21 ± 1.66 μg/mL. The release of CU from this particular nanosystem involved mainly a drug diffusion mechanism, with a burst release in the first 3 h followed by a sustained release of CU over 24 h. The DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity results confirmed the efficient encapsulation of CU into CHCS nanoparticles. This study will provide a theoretical basis for CS derived from tuna head cartilages to be used as a functional component with specific functional properties in food and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowapha Waiprib
- Department of Fishery Products, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food (CASAF), Kasetsart University Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-814592125
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Yilmaz EG, Ece E, Erdem Ö, Eş I, Inci F. A Sustainable Solution to Skin Diseases: Ecofriendly Transdermal Patches. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:579. [PMID: 36839902 PMCID: PMC9960884 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin is the largest epithelial surface of the human body, with a surface area of 2 m2 for the average adult human. Being an external organ, it is susceptible to more than 3000 potential skin diseases, including injury, inflammation, microbial and viral infections, and skin cancer. Due to its nature, it offers a large accessible site for administrating several medications against these diseases. The dermal and transdermal delivery of such medications are often ensured by utilizing dermal/transdermal patches or microneedles made of biocompatible and biodegradable materials. These tools provide controlled delivery of drugs to the site of action in a rapid and therapeutically effective manner with enhanced diffusivity and minimal side effects. Regrettably, they are usually fabricated using synthetic materials with possible harmful environmental effects. Manufacturing such tools using green synthesis routes and raw materials is hence essential for both ecological and economic sustainability. In this review, natural materials including chitosan/chitin, alginate, keratin, gelatin, cellulose, hyaluronic acid, pectin, and collagen utilized in designing ecofriendly patches will be explored. Their implementation in wound healing, skin cancer, inflammations, and infections will be discussed, and the significance of these studies will be evaluated with future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eylul Gulsen Yilmaz
- UNAM—National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Emre Ece
- UNAM—National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Özgecan Erdem
- UNAM—National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Ismail Eş
- UNAM—National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Fatih Inci
- UNAM—National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles with Optimized Parameters for Targeted Delivery of a Specific Anticancer Drug-A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020503. [PMID: 36839824 PMCID: PMC9961640 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is a positively charged polysaccharide obtained through chitin deacetylation. It belongs to a group of biodegradable, bioavailable, and non-toxic materials of natural origin; thus, it is a promising matrix for creating delivery systems of different active agents. Recently, much attention has been paid to nanodelivery systems as carriers to enable better bioavailability, and thus higher efficiency of the loaded drug. The present review is focused on the progress in chitosan-based nanoparticles for the targeted delivery of antitumor drugs. The paper discusses literature reports from the last three years in which chitosan nanoparticles were applied as carriers for active substances used in antitumor therapy and potential new drugs with anticancer properties. Special attention was paid to the different treatments applied to increase the therapeutic effectiveness and minimize the side effects of a specific active substance.
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Synthesis, characterization, and application of external gelation of sodium alginate nanoparticles in molecular imprinting for separation and drug delivery of tenoxicam. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02639-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Elgadir MA, Mariod AA. Gelatin and Chitosan as Meat By-Products and Their Recent Applications. Foods 2022; 12:foods12010060. [PMID: 36613275 PMCID: PMC9818858 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Meat by-products such as bones, skin, horns, hooves, feet, skull, etc., are produced from slaughtered mammals. Innovative solutions are very important to achieving sustainability and obtaining the added value of meat by-products with the least impact on the environment. Gelatin, which is obtained from products high in collagen, such as dried skin and bones, is used in food processing, and pharmaceuticals. Chitosan is derived from chitin and is well recognized as an edible polymer. It is a natural product that is non-toxic and environmentally friendly. Recently, chitosan has attracted researchers' interests due to its biological activities, including antimicrobial, antitumor, and antioxidant properties. In this review, article, we highlighted the recent available information on the application of gelatin and chitosan as antioxidants, antimicrobials, food edible coating, enzyme immobilization, biologically active compound encapsulation, water treatment, and cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Abd Elgadir
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdalbasit Adam Mariod
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Alkamil Branch, University of Jeddah, Alkamil 21931, Saudi Arabia
- Indigenous Knowledge and Heritage Centre, Ghibaish College of Science and Technology, Ghibaish P.O. Box 100, Sudan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-543524074
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