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Gillhuber S, Holloway JO, Mundsinger K, Kammerer JA, Harmer JR, Frisch H, Barner-Kowollik C, Roesky PW. Visible light photoflow synthesis of a Cu(ii) single-chain polymer nanoparticle catalyst. Chem Sci 2024:d4sc03079f. [PMID: 39246378 PMCID: PMC11376198 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc03079f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
We herein pioneer the visible light (λ max = 410 nm) mediated flow synthesis of catalytically active single-chain nanoparticles (SCNPs). Our design approach is based on a copolymer of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate and a photocleavable 2-((((2-nitrobenzyl)oxy)carbonyl)amino)ethyl methacrylate monomer which can liberate amine groups upon visible light irradiation, allowing for single-chain collapse via the complexation of Cu(ii) ions. We initially demonstrate the successful applicability of our design approach for the batch photochemical synthesis of Cu(ii) SCNPs and transfer the concept to photoflow conditions, enabling, for the first time, the continuous production of functional SCNPs. Critically, we explore their ability to function as a photocatalyst for the cleavage of carbon-carbon single and double bonds on the examples of xanthene-9-carboxylic acid and oleic acid, demonstrating the advantageous effect SCNPs can provide over analogous small molecule catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Gillhuber
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Engesserstraße 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street 4000 Brisbane QLD Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street 4000 Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Joshua O Holloway
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street 4000 Brisbane QLD Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street 4000 Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Kai Mundsinger
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street 4000 Brisbane QLD Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street 4000 Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Jochen A Kammerer
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street 4000 Brisbane QLD Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street 4000 Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Jeffrey R Harmer
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland (UQ) Building 57 Research Road 4072 Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Hendrik Frisch
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street 4000 Brisbane QLD Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street 4000 Brisbane QLD Australia
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street 4000 Brisbane QLD Australia
- Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street 4000 Brisbane QLD Australia
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Peter W Roesky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Engesserstraße 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
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2
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Väisänen AJK, Hyttinen M, Ylönen S, Alonen L. Occupational exposure to gaseous and particulate contaminants originating from additive manufacturing of liquid, powdered, and filament plastic materials and related post-processes. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE 2019; 16:258-271. [PMID: 30540539 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2018.1557784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to measure the concentrations of gaseous and particulate contaminants originated from additive manufacturing operations and post-processes in an occupational setting when plastics were used as feedstock materials. Secondary aims were to evaluate the concentration levels based on proposed exposure limits and target values and to propose means to reduce exposure to contaminants released in additive manufacturing processes. Volatile organic compounds were sampled with Tenax TA adsorption tubes and analyzed with a thermo desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry instrument. Carbonyl compounds were sampled with DNPH-Silica cartridges and analyzed with a high-performance liquid chromatography device. Particles were measured with P-Trak instrument and indoor air quality was sampled with IAQ-Calc instrument. Dust mass concentrations were measured simultaneously with a DustTrak DRX instrument and IOM-samplers. Particle concentrations were highest (2070-81 890 #/cm3 mean) during manufacturing with methods where plastics were thermally processed. Total volatile organic compounds concentrations, in contrast, were low (113-317 µg/m3 mean) during manufacturing with such methods, and vat photopolymerization. However, total volatile organic compounds concentrations of material jetting and multi jet fusion methods were higher (1,114-2,496 µg/m3 mean), perhaps because of material and binder spraying, where part of the spray can become aerosolized. Chemical treatment of manufactured objects was found to be a severe volatile organic compounds source as well. Formaldehyde was detected in low concentrations (3-40 µg/m3) in all methods except for material jetting method, in addition to several other carbonyl compounds. Notable dust concentrations (1.4-9.1 mg/m3) were detected only during post-processing of powder bed fusion and multi jet fusion manufactured objects. Indoor air quality parameters were not found to be notably impacted by manufacturing operations. Only low concentrations (below 2 ppm) of CO were detected during several manufacturing processes. All studied additive manufacturing operations emitted potentially harmful contaminants into their environments, which should be considered in occupational additive manufacturing and workplace design. According to the measured contaminant levels it is possible that adverse additive manufacturing related health effects may occur among exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti J K Väisänen
- a School of Engineering and Technology , Savonia University of Applied Sciences , Kuopio , Finland
- b Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences , University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Marko Hyttinen
- b Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences , University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Sampsa Ylönen
- a School of Engineering and Technology , Savonia University of Applied Sciences , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Lauri Alonen
- a School of Engineering and Technology , Savonia University of Applied Sciences , Kuopio , Finland
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3
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Park CS, Jung EY, Jang HJ, Bae GT, Shin BJ, Tae HS. Synthesis and Properties of Plasma-Polymerized Methyl Methacrylate via the Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Polymerization Technique. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E396. [PMID: 30960380 PMCID: PMC6473653 DOI: 10.3390/polym11030396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pinhole free layers are needed in order to prevent oxygen and water from damaging flexible electrical and bio-devices. Although polymerized methyl methacrylate (polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA) for the pinhole free layer has been studied extensively in the past, little work has been done on synthesizing films of this material using atmospheric pressure plasma-assisted electro-polymerization. Herein, we report the synthesis and properties of plasma-PMMA (pPMMA) synthesized using the atmospheric pressure plasma-assisted electro-polymerization technique at room temperature. According to the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) results, the characteristic peaks from the pPMMA polymer chain were shown to have been detected. The results indicate that the percentage of hydrophobic groups (C⁻C and C⁻H) is greater than that of hydrophilic groups (C⁻O and O⁻C=O). The field emission-scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and thickness measurement results show that the surface morphology is quite homogenous and amorphous in nature, and the newly proposed pPMMA film at a thickness of 1.5 µm has high transmittance (about 93%) characteristics. In addition, the results of water contact angle tests show that pPMMA thin films can improve the hydrophobicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choon-Sang Park
- School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | - Eun Young Jung
- School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | - Hyo Jun Jang
- School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | - Gyu Tae Bae
- School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | - Bhum Jae Shin
- Department of Electronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea.
| | - Heung-Sik Tae
- School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
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4
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Dai Y, Chen X, Zhang X. Recent Developments in the Area of Click‐Crosslinked Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 40:e1800541. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Nano‐Geomaterials of Ministry of EducationFaculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process IntensificationXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Nano‐Geomaterials of Ministry of EducationFaculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China
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5
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Cinay GE, Erkoc P, Alipour M, Hashimoto Y, Sasaki Y, Akiyoshi K, Kizilel S. Nanogel-Integrated pH-Responsive Composite Hydrogels for Controlled Drug Delivery. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:370-380. [PMID: 33465934 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A novel pH-sensitive hydrogel system consisting of poly(methacrylic acid-g-ethylene glycol) (P(MAA-g-EG)) and acryloyl group modified-cholesterol-bearing pullulan (CHPOA) nanogels was developed for the controlled delivery of an anticonvulsant drug, pregabalin (PGB). Here, the hydrophilic hydrogel network provides the pH-sensitive swelling behavior, whereas nanogel components form separate reservoirs for the delivery of drugs with different hydrophobicities. These nanocarrier-integrated hybrid gels were synthesized through both surface-initiated and bulk photopolymerization approaches. The swelling and drug release behavior of these pH-responsive hydrogels synthesized by different photopolymerization approaches at visible and UV light wavelenghts were studied at acidic and basic pH values. Nanogel-integrated hydrogels exhibited higher swelling behavior compared to plain hydrogels in reversible swelling experiments. Similarly, the presence of nanogels in hydrogel network enhanced the loading and release percentages of PGB and the release was analyzed to describe the mode of transport through the network. In vitro cytotoxicity assay suggests that hydrogels in altered groups are nontoxic. This is the first report about the visible light-induced synthesis of a pH-responsive network incorporated CHPOA nanogels. Responsive and multifunctional properties of this system could be used for pH-triggered release of therapeutic molecules for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yoshihide Hashimoto
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sasaki
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazunari Akiyoshi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Wedler-Jasinski N, Lueckerath T, Mutlu H, Goldmann AS, Walther A, Stenzel MH, Barner-Kowollik C. Dynamic covalent single chain nanoparticles based on hetero Diels–Alder chemistry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:157-160. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07427h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a dynamic covalent single chain nanoparticle collapse and subsequent re-opening of the coil based on hetero Diels–Alder chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Wedler-Jasinski
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76128 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Thorsten Lueckerath
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76128 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Hatice Mutlu
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76128 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Anja S. Goldmann
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76128 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Andreas Walther
- Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry
- Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg
- Stefan-Meier-Str. 31
- 79104 Freiburg
- Germany
| | - Martina H. Stenzel
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD)
- The University of New South Wales, Sydney
- Australia
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76128 Karlsruhe
- Germany
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7
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Blasco E, Tuten BT, Frisch H, Lederer A, Barner-Kowollik C. Characterizing single chain nanoparticles (SCNPs): a critical survey. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01278k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We provide the results of a critical literature survey on the reported sizes of single chain polymer nanoparticles (SCNPs) employing different techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Blasco
- Macromolecular Architectures
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Bryan T. Tuten
- Macromolecular Architectures
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
| | - Hendrik Frisch
- School of Chemistry
- Physics and Mechanical Engineering
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- Australia
| | - Albena Lederer
- Leibniz Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden
- D-01069 Dresden
- Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden
- D-01062 Dresden
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Macromolecular Architectures
- Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76131 Karlsruhe
- Germany
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8
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Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Doped by 2-(4-Isobutylphenyl)Propanoate Metal Complexes: Enhanced Resistance to UV Irradiation. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-016-2323-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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Yousif E, Hasan A, El-Hiti GA. Spectroscopic, Physical and Topography of Photochemical Process of PVC Films in the Presence of Schiff Base Metal Complexes. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:polym8060204. [PMID: 30979299 PMCID: PMC6432278 DOI: 10.3390/polym8060204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The photostability of poly(vinyl chloride), PVC, containing various Schiff base metal complexes (0.5% by weight) was investigated. Various indices corresponding to a number of functional groups were monitored with irradiation of polymeric films to determine their photostabilization activities. The quantum yield of the chain scission (Φcs) of modified polymeric films was found to be (1.15–4.65) × 106. The surface morphology of a PVC sample was investigated by the use of atomic force microscope (AFM). The photostability of PVC films in the presence of Schiff base additives was found to follow the following order: PVC < PVC + CuL2 < PVC + CdL2 < PVC + ZnL2 < PVC + SnL2 < PVC + NiL2. Various mechanisms for PVC films photostability containing the Schiff base additives have been suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Yousif
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad 64021, Iraq.
| | - Ali Hasan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad 64021, Iraq.
| | - Gamal A El-Hiti
- Cornea Research Chair, Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M. Hanlon
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Materials Science Program, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States
| | - Christopher K. Lyon
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Materials Science Program, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States
| | - Erik B. Berda
- Department
of Chemistry and ‡Materials Science Program, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States
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11
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Viscoelastic, Spectroscopic and Microscopic Study of the Photo Irradiation Effect on the Stability of PVC in the Presence of Sulfamethoxazole Schiff’s Bases. Polymers (Basel) 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/polym7111508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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12
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Mavila S, Eivgi O, Berkovich I, Lemcoff NG. Intramolecular Cross-Linking Methodologies for the Synthesis of Polymer Nanoparticles. Chem Rev 2015; 116:878-961. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudheendran Mavila
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva-84105, Israel
| | - Or Eivgi
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva-84105, Israel
| | - Inbal Berkovich
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva-84105, Israel
| | - N. Gabriel Lemcoff
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva-84105, Israel
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13
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Dynamic covalent cross-linked polymer gels through the reaction between side-chain β-keto ester and primary amine groups. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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14
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Luna Eunice S, Meenarathi B, Palanikumar S, Anbarasan R. Synthesis and characterisation of poly(epichlorohydrin-g-Fe3O4/congo red)-co-poly(methylmethacrylate). IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-015-0354-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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15
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Photochemical Stability and Photostabilizing Efficiency of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Based on 2-(6-Methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)propanoate Metal Ion Complexes. Polymers (Basel) 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/polym7061005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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17
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Lyon CK, Prasher A, Hanlon AM, Tuten BT, Tooley CA, Frank PG, Berda EB. A brief user's guide to single-chain nanoparticles. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01217h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In this review we outline the various methods that have been explored to synthesize architecturally defined nanoparticles from discrete polymer chains, summarize the methods of characterization that are required to prove their formation and probe their morphology, and introduce a number of potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alka Prasher
- Department of Chemistry
- University of New Hampshire
- Durham
- USA
| | | | - Bryan T. Tuten
- Materials Science Program
- University of New Hampshire
- Durham
- USA
| | | | - Peter G. Frank
- Department of Chemistry
- University of New Hampshire
- Durham
- USA
| | - Erik B. Berda
- Department of Chemistry
- University of New Hampshire
- Durham
- USA
- Materials Science Program
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18
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Dhand C, Dwivedi N, Loh XJ, Jie Ying AN, Verma NK, Beuerman RW, Lakshminarayanan R, Ramakrishna S. Methods and strategies for the synthesis of diverse nanoparticles and their applications: a comprehensive overview. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19388e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 398] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Various methods to synthesize diverse nanoparticles with their different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetna Dhand
- Anti-Infectives Research Group
- Singapore Eye Research Institute
- Singapore 169856
| | - Neeraj Dwivedi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117582
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
- A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research)
- Singapore 117602
| | - Alice Ng Jie Ying
- Anti-Infectives Research Group
- Singapore Eye Research Institute
- Singapore 169856
| | - Navin Kumar Verma
- Anti-Infectives Research Group
- Singapore Eye Research Institute
- Singapore 169856
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine
- Nanyang Technological University
| | - Roger W. Beuerman
- Anti-Infectives Research Group
- Singapore Eye Research Institute
- Singapore 169856
- Duke-NUS SRP Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders
- Singapore 169857
| | - Rajamani Lakshminarayanan
- Anti-Infectives Research Group
- Singapore Eye Research Institute
- Singapore 169856
- Duke-NUS SRP Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders
- Singapore 169857
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117576
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19
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Advances in click chemistry for single-chain nanoparticle construction. Molecules 2013; 18:3339-55. [PMID: 23493101 PMCID: PMC6270143 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18033339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-chain polymeric nanoparticles are artificial folded soft nano-objects of ultra-small size which have recently gained prominence in nanoscience and nanotechnology due to their exceptional and sometimes unique properties. This review focuses on the current state of the investigations of click chemistry techniques for highly-efficient single-chain nanoparticle construction. Additionally, recent progress achieved for the use of well-defined single-chain nanoparticles in some promising fields, such as nanomedicine and catalysis, is highlighted.
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20
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Kharissova OV, Kharisov BI, Jiménez-Pérez VM, Muñoz Flores B, Ortiz Méndez U. Ultrasmall particles and nanocomposites: state of the art. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43418d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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21
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Sanchez-Sanchez A, Asenjo-Sanz I, Buruaga L, Pomposo JA. Naked and Self-Clickable Propargylic-Decorated Single-Chain Nanoparticle Precursors via Redox-Initiated RAFT Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2012; 33:1262-7. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201200180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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22
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Schoener CA, Hutson HN, Peppas NA. pH-Responsive Hydrogels with Dispersed Hydrophobic Nanoparticles for the Delivery of Hydrophobic Therapeutic Agents. POLYM INT 2012; 61:874-879. [PMID: 23087546 DOI: 10.1002/pi.4219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the delivery of hydrophobic therapeutic agents, a new class of polymer carriers was synthesized. These carriers are composed of two components: (i) a pH-responsive hydrogel composed of methacrylic acid grafted with poly(ethylene glycol) tethers, P(MAA-g-EG), and (ii) hydrophobic poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanoparticles. Before the P(MAA-g-EG) hydrogel was crosslinked, PMMA nanoparticles were added to the solution and upon exposure to UV light they were photoencapsulated throughout the P(MAA-g-EG) hydrogel structure. The pH-responsive behavior of P(MAA-g-EG) is capable of triggered release of a loaded therapeutic agent, such as a low molecular weight drug or protein, when it passes from the stomach (low pH) to upper small intestine (neutral pH). The introduction of PMMA nanoparticles into the hydrogel structure affected the swelling behavior, therapeutic agent loading efficiency, and solute release profiles. In equilibrium swelling conditions the swelling ratio of nanoparticle-containing hydrogels decreased with increasing nanoparticle content. Loading efficiencies of the model therapeutic agent fluorescein ranged from 38 - 51 % and increased with increasing hydrophobic content. Release studies from neat P(MAA-g-EG) and the ensuing P(MAA-g-EG) hydrogels containing nanoparticles indicated that the transition from low pH (2.0) to neutral pH (7.0) triggered fluorescein release. Maximum fluorescein release depended on the structure and hydrophobicity of the carriers used in these studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody A Schoener
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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