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Ai X, Liu Y, Shi J, Xie X, Li L, Duan R, Lv Y, Xiong K, Miao Y, Zhang Y. Structural characteristics of gut microbiota in longevity from Changshou town, Hubei, China. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:300. [PMID: 38619710 PMCID: PMC11018559 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13140-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota (GM) and its potential functions play a crucial role in maintaining host health and longevity. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential relationship between GM and longevity. We collected fecal samples from 92 healthy volunteers (middle-aged and elderly: 43-79 years old; longevity: ≥ 90 years old) from Changshou Town, Zhongxiang City, Hubei, China. In addition, we collected samples from 30 healthy middle-aged and elderly controls (aged 51-70 years) from Wuhan, Hubei. The 16S rDNA V3 + V4 region of the fecal samples was sequenced using high-throughput sequencing technology. Diversity analysis results showed that the elderly group with longevity and the elderly group with low body mass index (BMI) exhibited higher α diversity. However, no significant difference was observed in β diversity. The results of the microbiome composition indicate that Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidota are the core phyla in all groups. Compared to younger elderly individuals, Akkermansia and Lactobacillus are significantly enriched in the long-lived elderly group, while Megamonas is significantly reduced. In addition, a high abundance of Akkermansia is a significant characteristic of elderly populations with low BMI values. Furthermore, the functional prediction results showed that the elderly longevity group had higher abilities in short-chain fatty acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and xenobiotic biodegradation. Taken together, our study provides characteristic information on GM in the long-lived elderly population in Changshou Town. This study can serve as a valuable addition to the current research on age-related GM. KEY POINTS: • The gut microbiota of elderly individuals with longevity and low BMI exhibit higher alpha diversity • Gut microbiota diversity did not differ significantly between genders in the elderly population • Several potentially beneficial bacteria (e.g., Akkermansia and Lactobacillus) are enriched in long-lived individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Ai
- Jingmen Central Hospital, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Functional Colorectal Diseases, Jingmen, 448000, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Jingmen Central Hospital, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Functional Colorectal Diseases, Jingmen, 448000, Hubei, China
| | - Jinrong Shi
- Jingmen Central Hospital, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Functional Colorectal Diseases, Jingmen, 448000, Hubei, China
| | - Xiongwei Xie
- Jingmen Central Hospital, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Functional Colorectal Diseases, Jingmen, 448000, Hubei, China
| | - Linzi Li
- Jingmen Central Hospital, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Functional Colorectal Diseases, Jingmen, 448000, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Duan
- Jingmen Central Hospital, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Functional Colorectal Diseases, Jingmen, 448000, Hubei, China
| | - Yongling Lv
- Maintainbiotech. Ltd. (Wuhan), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Kai Xiong
- Maintainbiotech. Ltd. (Wuhan), Wuhan, 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanxin Miao
- Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen, 448000, Hubei, China.
| | - Yonglian Zhang
- Jingmen Central Hospital, Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Functional Colorectal Diseases, Jingmen, 448000, Hubei, China.
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Wang R, Deng Y, Zhang Y, Li X, Gooneratne R, Li J. Integrated microbiome, metabolome and transcriptome profiling reveals the beneficial effects of fish oil and Bacillus subtilis jzxj-7 on mouse gut ecosystem. Food Funct 2024; 15:1655-1670. [PMID: 38251410 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04213h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The effects of fish oil (FO) and Bacillus subtilis jzxj-7 (JZXJ-7) on the colonic physiology, bacteria, metabolites, and gene expressions were studied in C57BL/6J mice. Co-administration of FO and JZXJ-7 was more beneficial than individual supplementation, as evidenced by improved growth performance, enhanced colon crypt depth and goblet cell numbers. FO + JZXJ-7 inhibited colonic fibrosis by downregulating fibrosis marker protein expression and upregulating occludin, claudin-2 and claudin-4 gene expressions. FO + JZXJ-7 ameliorated oxidative stress and inflammation by increasing catalase, superoxide dismutase, total anti-oxidation capacity, and reducing colon tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 levels. Mechanistically, FO + JZXJ-7 modulated the colon micro-ecological environment by enriching Roseburia, Lachnospiraceae NK4B4, Faecalibaculum and Lactococcus and its derived short-chain fatty acids, and activating Ppara and Car1 mediated peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor (PPAR) and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling. Overall, FO + JZXJ-7 may serve as a promising nutraceutical to improve health by boosting the growth of colonic beneficial bacteria, altering metabolic phenotype, and regulating gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rundong Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, China.
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Yijia Deng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Specialty Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xuepeng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, China
| | - Ravi Gooneratne
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Jianrong Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, China.
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, 121013, China
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Cui Y, Zhang C, Zhang X, Yu X, Ma Y, Qin X, Ma Z. Integrated serum pharmacochemistry and metabolomics reveal potential effective components and mechanisms of Shengjiang Xiexin decoction in the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15602. [PMID: 37206044 PMCID: PMC10189181 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Shengjiang Xiexin Decoction (SXD) is a widely recognized formula in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for treating diarrhea and is commonly used in clinical practice. Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a type of antibiotic-associated diarrhea with a rising incidence rate that has severe consequences for humans. Recent clinical applications have found significant efficacy in using SXD as an adjunct to CDI treatment. However, the pharmacodynamic substance basis and therapeutic mechanism of SXD remain unclear. This study aimed to systematically analyze the metabolic mechanisms and key pharmacodynamic components of SXD in CDI mice by combining non-targeted metabolomics of Chinese medicine and serum medicinal chemistry. We established a CDI mouse model to observe the therapeutic effect of SXD on CDI. We investigated the mechanism of action and active substance composition of SXD against CDI by analyzing 16S rDNA gut microbiota, untargeted serum metabolomics, and serum pharmacochemistry. We also constructed a multi-scale, multifactorial network for overall visualization and analysis. Our results showed that SXD significantly reduced fecal toxin levels and attenuated colonic injury in CDI model mice. Additionally, SXD partially restored CDI-induced gut microbiota composition. Non-targeted serum metabolomics studies showed that SXD not only regulated Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism but also metabolic energy and amino acid pathways such as Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, Glycerolipid metabolism, Pentose and glucuronate interconversions, as well as body and other metabolite production in the host. Through the implementation of network analysis methodologies, we have discerned that Panaxadiol, Methoxylutcolin, Ginsenoside-Rf, Suffruticoside A, and 10 other components serve as critical potential pharmacodynamic substance bases of SXD for CDI. This study reveals the metabolic mechanism and active substance components of SXD for the treatment of CDI mice using phenotypic information, gut microbiome, herbal metabolomics, and serum pharmacochemistry. It provides a theoretical basis for SXD quality control studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Cui
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Bayannur City Hospital, Bayannaoer, China
| | - Congen Zhang
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueqiang Zhang
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong Yu
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqin Ma
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Zhijie Ma
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Corresponding author. Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95, Yongan Road, 100050, Beijing, China.
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Li L, Zhai S, Wang R, Kong F, Yang A, Wang C, Yu H, Li Y, Wang D. Anti-Obesity Effect of Auricularia delicate Involves Intestinal-Microbiota-Mediated Oxidative Stress Regulation in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040872. [PMID: 36839230 PMCID: PMC9962468 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Auricularia delicate (ADe), an edible fungus belonging to the family Auriculariaceae and order Auriculariales, possesses antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant effects. In this study, after systematic analysis of its composition, ADe was administered to high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed mice to investigate its anti-obesity effect. ADe significantly controlled body weight; alleviated hepatic steatosis and adipocyte hypertrophy; reduced aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol, insulin, and resistin; and increased adiponectin levels in HFD-fed mice serum. Based on intestinal microbiota and lipidomics analysis, ADe treatment regulated the composition and abundance of 49 intestinal microorganisms and influenced the abundance of 8 lipid species compared with HFD-fed mice. Based on a correlation analysis of the intestinal microbiota and lipids, Coprococcus showed significant negative associations with ceramide (d18:0 20:0+O), phosphatidylserine (39:4), sphingomyelin (d38:4), and zymosterol (20:2). Moreover, ADe treatment decreased the levels of ROS and MDA and increased the levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and three antioxidant enzymes in HFD-fed mice livers. Collectively, the anti-obesity effect of ADe involves the regulation of oxidative stress and is mediated by the intestinal microbiota. Hence, this study provides a reference for the application of ADe as a candidate food for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanzhou Li
- Engineering Research Center of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Siyu Zhai
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ruochen Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Fange Kong
- Engineering Research Center of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Anhui Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chunyue Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Han Yu
- College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (D.W.)
| | - Yu Li
- Engineering Research Center of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Di Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (D.W.)
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The Effects of Bacillus licheniformis—Fermented Products on the Microbiota and Clinical Presentation of Cats with Chronic Diarrhea. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12172187. [PMID: 36077904 PMCID: PMC9454741 DOI: 10.3390/ani12172187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus licheniformis-fermented products (BLFP) are probiotics with antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties that can improve growth performance. This study aimed to compare the fecal microbiota of diarrheal cats with chronic diarrhea (n = 8) with that of healthy cats (n = 4) from the same household using next-generation sequencing, and evaluate the effectiveness of oral administration of BLFP in relieving clinical signs and altering the intestinal microbiota in diarrheal cats. Six out of eight diarrheal cats showed clinical improvement after BLFP administration for 7 days, and the stool condition of the other two was normal. A higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was noted in the feces of diarrheal cats without clinical improvement as compared with those in the healthy cats and in the diarrheal cats with clinical improvement after receiving BLFP. The phylum Bacteroidetes and class Bacteroidia decreased significantly in diarrheal cats regardless of BLFP administration. Blautia spp., Ruminococcus torques, and Ruminococcus gnavus, which belong to the Clostridium cluster XIVa and have been reported as beneficial to intestinal health, increased significantly in feces after treatment. Furthermore, Clostridium perfringens also significantly decreased in diarrheal cats after BLFP administration. Overall, BLFP could be a potential probiotic to relieve gastrointestinal symptoms and improve fecal microbiota in cats with chronic diarrhea.
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