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Liu L, Qin X. Analysis of heatwaves based on the universal thermal climate index and apparent temperature over mainland Southeast Asia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2023; 67:2055-2068. [PMID: 37878089 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-023-02562-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Heatwaves have caused significant damage to human health, infrastructure, and economies in recent decades, and the occurrences of heatwaves are becoming more frequent and severe across the globe under climate change. The previous studies on heatwaves have primarily focused on air temperature, neglecting other variables like wind speed, relative humidity, and radiation, which could lead to a serious underestimation of the adverse effects of heatwaves. To address this issue, this study proposed to the use of more sophisticated thermal indices, such as universal thermal climate index (UTCI) and apparent temperature (AT), to define heatwaves and carry out a comprehensive heatwave assessment over mainland southeast Asia (MSEA) from 1961 to 2020. The traditional temperature-based method was also compared. The results of the study demonstrate that the annual maximum temperature in heatwave days (HWA) and the annual average temperature in heatwave days (HWM) are significantly underestimated if only air temperature is considered. However, UTCI and AT tend to predict a lower frequency of yearly heatwave occurrences and shorter durations. Trend analysis indicates a general increase in heatwave occurrences across MSEA under all thermal indices in the past six decades, particularly in the last 30 years. This study's approach and findings provide a holistic view of heatwave characteristics based on thermal indices and highlight the risk of intensified heat stress during heatwaves in MSEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilingjun Liu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaosheng Qin
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
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Wu W, Liu Q, Li H, Huang C. Spatiotemporal Distribution of Heatwave Hazards in the Chinese Mainland for the Period 1990-2019. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1532. [PMID: 36674288 PMCID: PMC9864734 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Heatwaves occur frequently in summer, severely harming the natural environment and human society. While a few long-term spatiotemporal heatwave studies have been conducted in China at the grid scale, their shortcomings involve their discrete distribution and poor spatiotemporal continuity. We used daily data from 691 meteorological stations to obtain torridity index (TI) and heatwave index (HWI) datasets (0.01°) in order to evaluate the spatiotemporal distribution of heatwaves in the Chinese mainland for the period of 1990-2019. The results were as follows: (1) The TI values rose but with fluctuations, with the largest increase occurring in North China in July. The areas with hazard levels of medium and above accounted for 22.16% of the total, mainly in the eastern and southern provinces of China, South Tibet, East and South Xinjiang, and Chongqing. (2) The study areas were divided into four categories according to the spatiotemporal distribution of hazards. The "high hazard and rapidly increasing" and "low hazard and continually increasing" areas accounted for 8.71% and 41.33% of the total, respectively. (3) The "ten furnaces" at the top of the provincial capitals were Zhengzhou, Nanchang, Wuhan, Changsha, Shijiazhuang, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Haikou, Chongqing, and Hefei. While the urbanization level and population aging in the developed areas were further increased, the continuously increasing heatwave hazard should be fully considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingsheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - He Li
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Sun S, Zhang Q, Singh VP, Shi C, Wang G, Wu W, Shen Z. Increased moist heat stress risk across China under warming climate. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22548. [PMID: 36581657 PMCID: PMC9800580 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27162-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Heatwaves have afflicted human health, ecosystem, and socioeconomy and are expected to intensify under warming climate. However, few efforts have been directed to moist heat stress (MHS) considering relative humidity and wind speed, and moist heat stress risk (MHSR) considering exposure and vulnerability. Here we showed MHS and MHSR variations across China during 1998-2100 using China Meteorological Administration Land Data Assimilation System datasets, the 6th Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) merged datasets, Gross Domestic Product, population and leaf area index. We detected increased MHS across China under different Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs). Specifically, the historical MHS occurred mostly during mid-July to mid-August. We found increasing trends of 0.08%/year, 0.249%/year, and 0.669%/year in the MHS-affected areas under SSP126, SSP245, and SSP585, respectively. Furthermore, we observed the highest increasing rate of MHSR in Northwest and Southwest China, while the MHSR across Northeast and North China under SSP126 shifted from increasing to decreasing trends. Noteworthy is that the increasing trend of MHSR under SSP585 is 1.5-2.6 times larger than that under SSP245, especially in North and South China. This study highlights spatiotemporal evolutions of MHS and MHSR and mitigation to moisture heat stress in a warming climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Sun
- grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China ,grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China ,grid.8658.30000 0001 2234 550XNational Meteorological Information Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964Advanced Interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087 China
| | - Vijay P. Singh
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX USA ,grid.43519.3a0000 0001 2193 6666National Water and Energy Center, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Chunxiang Shi
- grid.8658.30000 0001 2234 550XNational Meteorological Information Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Wang
- grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China ,grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhuan Wu
- grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China ,grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zexi Shen
- grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China ,grid.20513.350000 0004 1789 9964Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Zhu Y, Zhao J, Lei P, Yang K, Zhang S, Yin X, Jiang Y. Vegetation dynamics and their relationships with climatic factors in the "Golden Triangle" region. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:73029-73042. [PMID: 35616840 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20650-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The "Golden Triangle" is located on the border between Myanmar, Laos, and Thailand, and slash-and-burn cultivation is an ancient and typical land type in this region. With the development of the "The Belt and Road" strategy of China and the climate change, the vegetation information is bound to change intensively under the combined influence of alternative plantation projects and economic policies. Here we used MOD13Q1-normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI) and meteorological data to analyze the variation of vegetation coverage and its correlation with climatic factors (temperature and precipitation) during the period of 2000-2018 by using trend analysis, stability analysis, and partial correlation analysis. The results showed that the overall vegetation coverage of this region exerted the trend of improvement and became more stable over time. Spatially, the agglomeration degree became weaker as time goes during 2000-2018. The precipitation was more closely correlated with NDVI than temperature, indicating that precipitation could be the main limiting factor influencing vegetation change in this area. The correlation between NDVI and climatic factors exhibited differences among different seasons, with NDVI being less correlated with temperature and precipitation in spring and summer and more correlated with them in autumn and winter. Investigating the long-term vegetation coverage of this region and analyzing the trend of climate change is beneficial to understand the development trend of the ecological environment and resource potential in this region. Simultaneously, it can provide a favorable ecological evaluation for The Belt and Road strategy and provide important scientific suggestions and guidance for the sustainable development of ecosystems and human society under the drastic environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Zhu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Juchao Zhao
- The Engineering Research Centre of GIS Technology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Pifeng Lei
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China.
| | - Kun Yang
- The Engineering Research Centre of GIS Technology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Shaohua Zhang
- The Engineering Research Centre of GIS Technology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xiaoxue Yin
- The Engineering Research Centre of GIS Technology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, Hunan, China
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Ahn KH. Interannual variability of heat waves over the Korean Peninsula based on integrated approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:154153. [PMID: 35227723 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Heat waves can provide detrimental impacts on human society and the environmental system, and thus have received substantial attention in scientific research. Since heat waves are relevant to a wide range of stakeholders, definitions for heat wave events vary in terms of threshold values, durations, and utilized variables. While there is a value in this diversity of perspectives, the various definitions often complicate the assessment of heat wave risk, thereby underscoring the improved utility of a unified definition. In this study, we examine the interannual variability of heat wave patterns by using a proposed copula-based framework. From five observed temperature-related variables, this study first evaluates the individual changes of fifteen previously published heat wave indices focused on heat wave events across the Korean Peninsula for the last 49 years (1973-2021). We then extract the integrated signals to understand the overall trend patterns using the multiple heat wave indices. Results indicate that different heat wave definitions present distinctive attributes (e.g., in the magnitude of temporal changes) depending on the locations, implying that the diversity of heat wave definitions leads to potentially inconsistent conclusions. Using the integrated analysis, we identify that the expected heat wave day has increased across the majority of the regions in the Korean Peninsula. To be specific, substantial increases are shown in North Korea, while rapid increases in heat wave events have been observed after the year 2010 over South Korea. Finally, through the sensitivity analysis, we demonstrate the importance of choosing the heat wave definition in the integrated analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuk-Hyun Ahn
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheon-an, South Korea.
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Spatiotemporal Variation Analysis of the Fine-Scale Heat Wave Risk along the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway in Indonesia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182212153. [PMID: 34831908 PMCID: PMC8622499 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
As a highly important meteorological hazard, heat waves notably impact human health and socioeconomics, and accurate heat wave risk identification and assessment are effective ways to address this issue. The current spatial scale of heat wave risk assessment is relatively coarse, hardly meeting fine-scale heat wave risk assessment requirements. Therefore, based on multi-source fine-scale remote sensing data and socioeconomic data, this paper evaluates the heat wave risk along the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed railway, obtains the spatial distribution of heat wave risk in 2005, 2014 and 2019, and analyzes spatiotemporal risk variations over the past 15 years. The results show that most high-risk areas were affected by high-temperature hazards. Over time, the hazard, exposure, vulnerability and risk levels increased by 25.82%, 3.31%, 14.82% and 6.97%, respectively, from 2005–2019. Spatially, the higher risk in the northwest is mainly distributed in Jakarta. Additionally, a comparative analysis was conducted on the risk results, and the results showed that the 100-m scale showed more spatial differences than the kilometer scale. The research results in this paper can provide scientific advice on heat wave risk prevention considering the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed railway construction and regional economic and social development.
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