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Cheng CT, Wu YL, Hou YT, Cheng TJ. Cellulose acetate-coated capacitive sensor for determining carbon-cycle enzymes activity and as a microbial Indicator for soil health. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174841. [PMID: 39032748 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
This study demonstrates cellulose acetate (CA)-coated screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) for soil microbial activity detection. A capacitive sensor design utilizes a coated CA layer for effective insulation in electrolytes, eliminating the need for additional signal protection. Optimization involved comparing spin and dip coating methods, with a one-layer 10-second dip coating identified as the best balance between quality and yield. These CA/SPCEs exhibited remarkable stability over a month, suggesting their potential for long-term use in monitoring agricultural soils. Analysis of CA/SPCE profile and thickness provided insights into surface characteristics and the impact of the CA coating on electrode roughness. ATR-FTIR analysis, along with capacitive sensing, demonstrated superior sensitivity and precision for monitoring CA film degradation compared to mechanical gauges. Chemical degradation studies suggest CA's potential immunity in near-neutral environments, while enzymatic degradation investigations revealed dominance by enzymes, particularly in the initial stages. The CA/SPCE sensor responds to both enzymatic and chemical degradation, potentially serving as an indicator of total soil microbial activity. Soil experiments explored CA/SPCE with Cap-S for microbial activity sensing. Significant differences in the long-term degradation rate were observed in mycorrhizal fungi-enriched soil compared to controls, highlighting microbial influences. This study underscores the adaptability and versatility of this technology, particularly for assessing C-cycle microbial activity in agricultural fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ting Cheng
- Department of Biomechatronics Engineering, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biochemical Science & Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Wu
- Department of Biomechatronics Engineering, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Te Hou
- Department of Biomechatronics Engineering, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Jih Cheng
- Department of Biomechatronics Engineering, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Bhaduri D, Sihi D, Bhowmik A, Verma BC, Munda S, Dari B. A review on effective soil health bio-indicators for ecosystem restoration and sustainability. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:938481. [PMID: 36060788 PMCID: PMC9428492 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.938481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Preventing degradation, facilitating restoration, and maintaining soil health is fundamental for achieving ecosystem stability and resilience. A healthy soil ecosystem is supported by favorable components in the soil that promote biological productivity and provide ecosystem services. Bio-indicators of soil health are measurable properties that define the biotic components in soil and could potentially be used as a metric in determining soil functionality over a wide range of ecological conditions. However, it has been a challenge to determine effective bio-indicators of soil health due to its temporal and spatial resolutions at ecosystem levels. The objective of this review is to compile a set of effective bio-indicators for developing a better understanding of ecosystem restoration capabilities. It addresses a set of potential bio-indicators including microbial biomass, respiration, enzymatic activity, molecular gene markers, microbial metabolic substances, and microbial community analysis that have been responsive to a wide range of ecosystem functions in agricultural soils, mine deposited soil, heavy metal contaminated soil, desert soil, radioactive polluted soil, pesticide polluted soil, and wetland soils. The importance of ecosystem restoration in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals was also discussed. This review identifies key management strategies that can help in ecosystem restoration and maintain ecosystem stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarati Bhaduri
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
- *Correspondence: Debarati Bhaduri
| | - Debjani Sihi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Arnab Bhowmik
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, United States
- Arnab Bhowmik
| | - Bibhash C. Verma
- Central Rainfed Upland Rice Research Station (ICAR-NRRI), Hazaribagh, India
| | | | - Biswanath Dari
- Agriculture and Natural Resources, Cooperative Extension at North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC, United States
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Wyszkowska J, Borowik A, Kucharski J. The Role of Grass Compost and Zea Mays in Alleviating Toxic Effects of Tetracycline on the Soil Bacteria Community. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:7357. [PMID: 35742602 PMCID: PMC9223702 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Given their common use for disease treatment in humans, and particularly in animals, antibiotics pose an exceptionally serious threat to the soil environment. This study aimed to determine the response of soil bacteria and oxidoreductases to a tetracycline (Tc) contamination, and to establish the usability of grass compost (G) and Zea mays (Zm) in mitigating adverse Tc effects on selected microbial properties of the soil. The scope of microbiological analyses included determinations of bacteria with the conventional culture method and new-generation sequencing method (NGS). Activities of soil dehydrogenases and catalase were determined as well. Tc was found to reduce counts of organotrophic bacteria and actinobacteria in the soils as well as the activity of soil oxidoreductases. Soil fertilization with grass compost (G) and Zea mays (Zm) cultivation was found to alleviate the adverse effects of tetracycline on the mentioned group of bacteria and activity of oxidoreductases. The metagenomic analysis demonstrated that the bacteria belonging to Acidiobacteria and Proteobacteria phyla were found to prevail in the soil samples. The study results recommend soil fertilization with G and Zm cultivation as successful measures in the bioremediation of tetracycline-contaminated soils and indicate the usability of the so-called core bacteria in the bioaugmentation of such soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jadwiga Wyszkowska
- Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland; (A.B.); (J.K.)
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Atoloye IA, Adesina IS, Sharma H, Subedi K, Liang CL(K, Shahbazi A, Bhowmik A. Hemp biochar impacts on selected biological soil health indicators across different soil types and moisture cycles. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264620. [PMID: 35226702 PMCID: PMC8884510 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of crop residues and biochar have been demonstrated to improve soil biological and chemical properties in agroecosystems. However, the integrated effect of organic amendments and hydrological cycles on soil health indicators are not well understood. In this study, we quantified the impact of hemp residue (HR), hemp biochar (HB), and hardwood biochar (HA) on five hydrolytic enzymes, soil microbial phospholipid (PLFA) community structure, pH, permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC) soil organic carbon (SOC), and total nitrogen (TN). We compared two soil types, Piedmont and Coastal Plain soils of North Carolina, under (i) a 30-d moisture cycle maintained at 60% water-filled pore space (WFPS) (D-W1), followed by (ii) a 7-day alternate dry-wet cycle for 42 days (D-W2), or (iii) maintained at 60% WFPS for 42 days (D-W3) during an aerobic laboratory incubation. Results showed that HR and HB significantly increased the geometric mean enzyme activity by 1-2-fold in the Piedmont soil under the three moisture cycles and about 1.5-fold under D-W in the Coastal soil. In the presence of HA, the measured soil enzyme activities were significantly lower than control under the moisture cycles in both soil types. The shift in microbial community structure was distinct in the Coastal soil but not in the Piedmont soil. Under D-W2, HR and HB significantly increased POXC (600-700 mg POXC kg-1 soil) in the Coastal soil but not in the Piedmont soil while HA increased nitrate (8 mg kg-1) retention in the Coastal soil. The differences in amendment effect on pH SOC, TN, POXC, and nitrate were less distinct in the fine-textured Piedmont soil than the coarse-textured Coastal soil. Overall, the results indicate that, unlike HA, HR and HB will have beneficial effects on soil health and productivity, therefore potentially improving soil's resilience to changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idowu A. Atoloye
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
| | - Ifeoluwa S. Adesina
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
| | - Harmandeep Sharma
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
| | - Kiran Subedi
- Analytical Services Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
| | - Chyi-Lyi (Kathleen) Liang
- Center for Environmental Farming Systems, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
| | - Abolghasem Shahbazi
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
| | - Arnab Bhowmik
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Design, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
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Kondal R, Kalia A, Krejcar O, Kuca K, Sharma SP, Luthra K, Dheri GS, Vikal Y, Taggar MS, Abd-Elsalam KA, Gomes CL. Chitosan-Urea Nanocomposite for Improved Fertilizer Applications: The Effect on the Soil Enzymatic Activities and Microflora Dynamics in N Cycle of Potatoes ( Solanum tuberosum L.). Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13172887. [PMID: 34502927 PMCID: PMC8433729 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of polymer-based slow-release urea formulations on soil microbial N dynamics in potatoes has been sparingly deciphered. The present study investigated the effect of a biodegradable nano-polymer urea formulation on soil enzymatic activities and microflora involved in the N cycling of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). The nano-chitosan-urea composite (NCUC) treatment significantly increased the soil dehydrogenase activity, organic carbon content and available potassium compared to the conventional urea (CU) treatment. The soil ammonical nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3−-N) contents and urease activity were significantly decreased in the NCUC-amended soil. The slow urea hydrolysis rate led to low concentrations of NH4+-N and NO3−-N in the tested potato soil. Furthermore, these results corroborate the low count of ammonia oxidizer and nitrate reducer populations. Quantitative PCR (q-PCR) studies revealed that the relative abundance of eubacterial (AOB) and archaeal ammonia-oxidizing (AOA) populations was reduced in the NCUC-treated soil compared to CU. The abundance of AOA was particularly lower than AOB, probably due to the more neutral and alkaline conditions of the tested soil. Our results suggest that the biodegradable polymer urea composite had a significant effect on the microbiota associated with soil N dynamics. Therefore, the developed NCUC could be used as a slow N-release fertilizer for enhanced growth and crop yields of potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohini Kondal
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India; (R.K.); (K.L.)
| | - Anu Kalia
- Electron Microscopy and Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (K.K.); Tel.: +91-161-2401960 (A.K.); +420-603-289-166 (K.K.)
| | - Ondrej Krejcar
- Center for Basic and Applied Science, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
- Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur 54100, Malaysia
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (K.K.); Tel.: +91-161-2401960 (A.K.); +420-603-289-166 (K.K.)
| | - Sat Pal Sharma
- Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India;
| | - Karanvir Luthra
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India; (R.K.); (K.L.)
| | - Gurmeet Singh Dheri
- Green House Gas Laboratory, Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India;
| | - Yogesh Vikal
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India;
| | - Monica Sachdeva Taggar
- Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India;
| | - Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam
- Agricultural Research Center, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Giza 12619, Egypt;
| | - Carmen L. Gomes
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
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Unraveling the Influence of Land-Use Change on δ 13C, δ 15N, and Soil Nutritional Status in Coniferous, Broadleaved, and Mixed Forests in Southern China: A Field Investigation. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081499. [PMID: 34451544 PMCID: PMC8398092 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Natural isotopic abundance in soil and foliar can provide integrated information related to the long-term alterations of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles in forest ecosystems. We evaluated total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), and isotopic natural abundance of C (δ13C) and N (δ15N) in soil and foliar of coniferous plantation (CPF), natural broadleaved forest (NBF), and mixed forest stands at three different soil depths (i.e., 0–10, 10–20, and 20–40 cm). This study also explored how soil available nutrients are affected by different forest types. Lutou forest research station, located in Hunan Province, central China, was used as the study area. Results demonstrated that the topsoil layer had higher TC and TN content in the mixed forest stand, resulting in a better quality of organic materials in the topsoil layer in the mixed forest than NBF and CPF. In general, soil TC, TN, and δ15N varied significantly in different soil depths and forest types. However, the forest type did not exhibit any significant effect on δ13C. Overall, soil δ13C was significantly enriched in CPF, and δ15N values were enriched in mixed forest. Foliar C content varied significantly among forest types, whereas foliar N content was not significantly different. No big differences were observed for foliar δ15N and δ13C across forest types. However, foliar δ13C and δ15N were positively related to soil δ13C and δ15N, respectively. Foliar N, soil and foliar C:N ratio, soil moisture content (SMC), and forest type were observed as the major influential factors affecting isotopic natural abundance, whereas soil pH was not significantly correlated. In addition, forest type change and soil depth increment had a significant effect on soil nutrient availability. In general, soil nutrient availability was higher in mixed forest. Our findings implied that forest type and soil depth alter TC, TN, and soil δ15N, whereas δ13C was only driven by soil depth. Moreover, plantations led to a decline in soil available nutrient content compared with NBF and mixed forest stands.
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Borowik A, Wyszkowska J, Kucharski J. Microbiological Study in Petrol-Spiked Soil. Molecules 2021; 26:2664. [PMID: 34062889 PMCID: PMC8125633 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The pollution of arable lands and water with petroleum-derived products is still a valid problem, mainly due the extensive works aimed to improve their production technology to reduce fuel consumption and protect engines. An example of the upgraded fuels is the BP 98 unleaded petrol with Active technology. A pot experiment was carried out in which Eutric Cambisol soil was polluted with petrol to determine its effect on the microbiological and biochemical properties of this soil. Analyses were carried out to determine soil microbiome composition-with the incubation and metagenomic methods, the activity of seven enzymes, and cocksfoot effect on hydrocarbon degradation. The following indices were determined: colony development index (CD); ecophysiological diversity index (EP); index of cocksfoot effect on soil microorganisms and enzymes (IFG); index of petrol effect on soil microorganisms and enzymes (IFP); index of the resistance of microorganisms, enzymes, and cocksfoot to soil pollution with petrol (RS); Shannon-Weaver's index of bacterial taxa diversity (H); and Shannon-Weaver's index of hydrocarbon degradation (IDH). The soil pollution with petrol was found to increase population numbers of bacteria and fungi, and Protebacteria phylum abundance as well as to decrease the abundance of Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria phyla. The cultivation of cocksfoot on the petrol-polluted soil had an especially beneficial effect mainly on the bacteria belonging to the Ramlibacter, Pseudoxanthomonas, Mycoplana, and Sphingobium genera. The least susceptible to the soil pollution with petrol and cocksfoot cultivation were the bacteria of the following genera: Kaistobacter, Rhodoplanes, Bacillus, Streptomyces, Paenibacillus, Phenylobacterium, and Terracoccus. Cocksfoot proved effective in the phytoremediation of petrol-polluted soil, as it accelerated hydrocarbon degradation and increased the genetic diversity of bacteria. It additionally enhanced the activities of soil enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jadwiga Wyszkowska
- Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland; (A.B.); (J.K.)
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Seasonal variations in C and N fractions under tree-based cropping systems in typic ustochrepts. Trop Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42965-019-00047-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Recognizing Crucial Aquatic Factors Influencing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the Eutrophication Zone of Taihu Lake, China. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11195160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which are closely related to climate change and serious ecological instability, have attracted global attention. The estimation of crucial aquatic factors for the flux of GHGs in lakes is a key step in controlling and reducing GHG emissions. The importance of 14 aquatic factors for GHG emissions was estimated in Meiliang Bay, which is an eutrophication shallow bay in Taihu Lake in eastern China. The random forest (RF) method, which is an improved version of the classified and regression tree (CART) model, was employed. No distribution assumption on variables was required in this method and it could include nonlinear actions and interactions among factors. The results show significant positive correlations among the fluxes of CO2, CH4, and N2O. The most crucial factor influencing CO2 emissions is the water temperature (WT) followed by sulfate (SO42−), alkalinity (Alk), dissolved oxygen (DO), and nitrate (NO3−–N). The important factors for CH4 emissions are WT, SO42−, DO, Alk, and NO2−–N. The outcome for N2O, in which the key factor is NO2−–N, was slightly different from those of CO2 and CH4. A comprehensive ranking index (CRI) for the fluxes of all three GHGs was also calculated and showed that WT, NO2−–N, SO42−, DO, and Alk are the most crucial aquatic factors. These results indicate that increasing DO might be the most effective means of controlling GHG emissions in eutrophication lake bays. The role of SO42− in GHG emissions, which has previously been ignored, is also worth paying attention to. This study provides a useful basis for controlling GHG emissions in eutrophication shallow lake bays.
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