Recycling Model Selection for Electronic Products Considering Platform Power and Blockchain Empowerment

Platform Selling Mode Selection Considering Consumer Reference Effect in Carbon Emission Reduction

Considering the significant impact of the reference effect on consumer purchasing decisions and corporate profits, this paper mainly focuses on the influence of the reference effect of consumers in carbon emission reduction (CER) on the platform selling mode selection. To this end, this paper establishes a two-level supply chain consisting of a manufacturer who decides on CER in the production process and an online platform that conducts low-carbon publicity. Four differential game models in which the platform uses reselling mode or agency selling mode with or without consumer reference effect are established. The long-term stable cooperation relationship between the manufacturer and the platform, as well as the consumer surplus and social welfare under four models are further investigated. It is found that the reference effect on the platform selling mode is related to the low-carbon publicity effect and commission rate. When the reference effect exists, the intuition indicates that the platform will choose the reselling mode when the commission rate is relatively low. We clarify this result under the condition that the publicity effect is high. However, the manufacturer also prefers platform reselling, which is counterintuitive. When the commission rate is in the middle range, the platform chooses the agency selling mode, which is in line with the preference of the manufacturer. Surprisingly, when the platform's publicity effect is low, the manufacturer and the platform reach stable cooperation in reselling mode when the commission rate is low or high, which is also counterintuitive. When the commission rate is in the middle range, they both prefer the agency selling mode. In addition, it is suggested that the triple benefits in economy, environment, and society are achieved as the optimal selling mode is confirmed in the presence of consumer reference effect in CER.

Governmental Anti-Pandemic and Subsidy Strategies for Blockchain-Enabled Food Supply Chains in the Post-Pandemic Era

Aiming to explore whether governments should choose anti-pandemic or subsidy strategies in the post-pandemic era, this study constructed a three-level food supply chain that was composed of a leading third-party logistics provider, a supplier and a retailer, in which the third-party logistics provider used blockchain technology for food traceability to address consumer concerns about food safety. We then used game theory to analyze the pricing decisions, traceability levels, anti-pandemic effort levels and subsidy levels of the supply chain under different governmental anti-pandemic or subsidy strategies. Our results showed that in all scenarios, the higher the consumer preference for traceability information, the larger the traceability levels and anti-pandemic effort levels and the more favorable the outcome for all parties; thus, governments should improve consumer awareness of pandemic prevention. For the benefit of all parties, governments should adopt anti-pandemic and subsidy strategies simultaneously, even in the post-pandemic era. Interestingly, for the scenario in which governments could only adopt one strategy, when the cost coefficient of traceability was small, the governmental subsidies would actually lead to lower traceability levels of the 3PL. This study could provide decision-making references for governments during the post-pandemic era and a new possibility for blockchain application.