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Cai H, Yang X, Yang Y, Feng Y, Wen A, Yang Y, Wen M, Ou D. Untargeted metabolomics of the intestinal tract of DEV-infected ducks. Virol J 2023; 20:305. [PMID: 38115106 PMCID: PMC10731684 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02266-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Duck enteritis virus (DEV) mainly causes infectious diseases characterized by intestinal haemorrhage, inflammation and parenchymal organ degeneration in ducks and other poultry. However, the mechanism by which it causes intestinal damage in ducks is not well understood. Metabolomics can provide an in-depth understanding of the full complexity of the disease. METHODS In this study, 24 clinically healthy green-shell ducks (weight 1.5 kg ± 20 g) were randomly divided into 2 groups (experimental group, 18; control group, 6). The experimental group was intramuscularly injected with 0.2 mL of DEV virus in solution (TCID50 3.16 × 108 PFU/mL), and the control group was injected with 0.2 mL of sterile normal saline. Duck duodenum and ileum tissue samples were collected at 66 h, 90 h and 114 h post-injection (12 h of fasting before killing), and metabolomics analysis of duck duodenum and ileum tissues at the three time points (66, 90, 114 h) was performed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to screen for and analyse the potential differentiated metabolites and related signalling pathways. RESULTS Screening was performed in the positive/negative mode (Pos: Positive ion mode; the ionization of substances at the ion source with positive ions such as H+, NH4+, Na+ and K+; Neg: Negative ion mode; the ionization of substances at the ion source with negative ions such as Cl-, OAc-), and compound abundance was compared to that in the control group. The total number of differentially abundant compounds in the duodenum at 66 h, 90 h and 114 h of DEV infection gradually increased, and metabolites such as cytidine, 2'-deoxyriboside and 4-guanidinobutyric acid were differentially abundant metabolites common to all three time periods. The metabolic pathways related to inflammatory response and immune response were tryptophan acid metabolism, cysteine-methionine metabolism, histidine metabolism and other amino acid metabolism and fat metabolism. Among them, the metabolic pathways with more differentially abundant metabolites were amino acid biosynthesis, cysteine and methionine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis and purine metabolism, and the metabolic pathways with more enrichment factors were the IgA-related intestinal immune network pathway and lysosome pathway. Compared with the control group, there were 16 differentially abundant metabolites in the ileum tissue of DEV-infected ducks at 66 h of infection, 52 at 90 h of infection, and 40 at 14 h of infection with TD114. The metabolic pathways with more enriched differentially abundant metabolites were pyrimidine metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism and tryptophan biosynthesis. The metabolic pathways with the most enrichment factors were the mTOR signalling pathway, ferroptosis pathway, tryptophan metabolism pathway and caffeine metabolism pathway. CONCLUSION Comparative analysis showed that the number of differentially abundant metabolites in the duodenum and ileum differed to some extent after DEV infection, with significantly more differentially abundant metabolites in duodenal tissues and fewer in ileal tissues; after DEV infection, the highest number of differentially abundant metabolites was obtained at 114 h of DEV infection, followed by the second highest at 90 h of infection and the lowest at 66 h of infection. The common differentially abundant metabolites in duodenal and ileal tissues were prostaglandins, arachidonic acid, and arachidonic ethanolamine. The main metabolic pathways in the duodenum were the IgA-associated intestinal immune network pathway and the lysosomal pathway, and the metabolic pathways with more enriched factors in the ileum were the mTOR signalling pathway, the ferroptosis pathway, and the tryptophan metabolism pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqing Cai
- School of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Animal Biological Products Engineering Technology Research Center, Guiyang, China
| | - Xia Yang
- School of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Animal Biological Products Engineering Technology Research Center, Guiyang, China
| | - Yunyun Yang
- School of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Animal Biological Products Engineering Technology Research Center, Guiyang, China
| | - Yi Feng
- School of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Animal Biological Products Engineering Technology Research Center, Guiyang, China
| | - Anlin Wen
- School of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Animal Biological Products Engineering Technology Research Center, Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Animal Biological Products Engineering Technology Research Center, Guiyang, China
| | - Ming Wen
- School of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
- Guizhou Provincial Animal Biological Products Engineering Technology Research Center, Guiyang, China.
| | - Deyuan Ou
- School of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Provincial Animal Biological Products Engineering Technology Research Center, Guiyang, China
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Qu M, Zhang H, Cheng P, Wubshet AK, Yin X, Wang X, Sun Y. Histone deacetylase 6's function in viral infection, innate immunity, and disease: latest advances. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1216548. [PMID: 37638049 PMCID: PMC10450946 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1216548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the family of histone-deacetylases, histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) stands out. The cytoplasmic class IIb histone deacetylase (HDAC) family is essential for many cellular functions. It plays a crucial and debatable regulatory role in innate antiviral immunity. This review summarises the current state of our understanding of HDAC6's structure and function in light of the three mechanisms by which it controls DNA and RNA virus infection: cytoskeleton regulation, host innate immune response, and autophagy degradation of host or viral proteins. In addition, we summed up how HDAC6 inhibitors are used to treat a wide range of diseases, and how its upstream signaling plays a role in the antiviral mechanism. Together, the findings of this review highlight HDAC6's importance as a new therapeutic target in antiviral immunity, innate immune response, and some diseases, all of which offer promising new avenues for the development of drugs targeting the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pengyuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ashenafi Kiros Wubshet
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Basic and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Science, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
| | - Xiangping Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiangwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuefeng Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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Cui Z, Weng B, Yao Y, Shao H, Ye J, Qin A, Qian K. Chicken Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Suppresses Innate Immune Responses and Enhances Avian Leukosis Virus Replication in DF-1 Cells. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0523522. [PMID: 36995259 PMCID: PMC10269865 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.05235-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) is a widely distributed multifunctional serine/threonine kinase. In mammals, GSK3β regulates important life activities such as proinflammatory response, anti-inflammatory response, immunity, and cancer development. However, the biological functions of chicken GSK3β (chGSK3β) are still unknown. In the present study, the full-length cDNA of chGSK3β was first cloned and analyzed. Absolute quantification of chicken chGSK3β in 1-day-old specific-pathogen-free birds has shown that it is widely expressed in all tissues, with the highest level in brain and the lowest level in pancreas. Overexpression of chGSK3β in DF-1 cells significantly decreased the gene expression levels of interferon beta (IFN-β), IFN regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), MX-1, protein kinase R (PKR), and oligoadenylate synthase-like (OASL), while promoting the replication of avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J). Conversely, levels of most of the genes detected in this study were increased when chGSK3β expression was knocked down using small interfering RNA (siRNA), which also inhibited the replication of ALV-J. These results suggest that chGSK3β plays an important role in the antiviral innate immune response in DF-1 cells, and it will be valuable to carry out further studies on the biological functions of chGSK3β. IMPORTANCE GSK3β regulates many life activities in mammals. Recent studies revealed that chGSK3β was involved in regulating antiviral innate immunity in DF-1 cells and also could positively regulate ALV-J replication. These results provide new insights into the biofunction of chGSK3β and the virus-host interactions of ALV-J. In addition, this study provides a basis for further research on the function of GSK3 in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouhao Cui
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bei Weng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongxiu Yao
- The Pirbright Institute & UK-China Centre of Excellence for Research on Avian Diseases, Pirbright, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Hongxia Shao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- The International Joint Laboratory for Cooperation in Agriculture and Agricultural Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianqiang Ye
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aijian Qin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Qian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Avian Preventive Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- The International Joint Laboratory for Cooperation in Agriculture and Agricultural Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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Zhao B, Ni Y, Zhang H, Zhao Y, Li L. Endothelial deletion of TBK1 contributes to BRB dysfunction via CXCR4 phosphorylation suppression. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:429. [PMID: 36307391 PMCID: PMC9616849 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01222-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Blood-retinal barrier (BRB) dysfunction has been recognized as an early pathological feature in common eye diseases that cause blindness. The breakdown of endothelial cell-to-cell junctions is the main reason for BRB dysfunction, yet our understanding of junctional modulation remains limited. Here, we demonstrated that endothelial-specific deletion of TBK1 (Tbk1ΔEC) disrupted retinal vascular development, and induced vascular leakage. LC-MS/MS proteomic analysis was used to identify candidate substrates of TBK1. We found that TBK1 interacted with CXCR4, and the phosphorylation level of CXCR4-Serine 355 (Ser355) was decreased in Tbk1ΔEC retina samples. Furthermore, TBK1-mediated phosphorylation of CXCR4 at Ser355 played an indispensable role in maintaining endothelial junctions. Interestingly, we also detected an increased expression of TBK1 in diabetic retinopathy samples, which suggested an association between TBK1 and the disease. Taken together, these results provided insight into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of endothelial cell-to-cell junctions via TBK1-dependent CXCR4 phosphorylation.
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