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Li F, Deng J, Zhang Z, Wang C, Mao Y. FabV, the Unique Enoyl-Acyl Carrier Protein Reductase in Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Associated with Walnut Bacterial Blight, Is Essential for the Growth and Confers Triclosan Resistance to the Strain. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:780-791. [PMID: 37913555 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-08-23-0272-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Walnut bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis (Xaj) is one of the most prevalent diseases of walnut (Juglans spp.), causing significant reductions in nut yield and important losses in economy. Enoyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) reductase (ENR) is one of the key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of bacterial fatty acids. In this study, we identified a single ENR-encoding gene, RS10040, in the genome of the XajDW3F3 strain. Sequence alignment analysis suggested RS10040 as a candidate fabV gene in Xaj. Expression of XajfabV restored the growth of the Escherichia coli fabI temperature-sensitive mutant under a nonpermissive growth condition. In vitro assays demonstrated that XajFabV catalyzed enoyl-ACPs of various chain lengths to acyl-ACPs, demonstrating its role in de novo fatty acid biosynthesis. Furthermore, we confirmed that XajfabV is an essential gene for growth, as no XajfabV deletion mutant could be obtained, although XajfabV in the chromosome could be deleted after compensating with a functional ENR-encoding gene via an exogenous plasmid. The fabV replacement mutants showed similar growth characteristic and fatty acid compositions. Our data further identified that fabV conferred Xaj with tolerance to various environmental stresses. Although XajFabV conferred Xaj with triclosan resistance, the resistance of Xaj was weaker than that found for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover, triclosan exhibited a control effect against infection of the ΔfabV/EcfabI to its host walnut. This study revealed the function of XajFabV and laid a theoretical foundation for the fatty acid synthesis mechanism of Xaj.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables/College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China
| | - Jiangli Deng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables/College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China
| | - Zhilin Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables/College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables/College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China
| | - Yahui Mao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Quality Control of Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables/College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, China
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Jo SJ, Kwon J, Kim SG, Lee SJ. The Biotechnological Application of Bacteriophages: What to Do and Where to Go in the Middle of the Post-Antibiotic Era. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2311. [PMID: 37764155 PMCID: PMC10534921 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amid the escalating challenges of antibiotic resistance, bacterial infections have emerged as a global threat. Bacteriophages (phages), viral entities capable of selectively infecting bacteria, are gaining momentum as promising alternatives to traditional antibiotics. Their distinctive attributes, including host specificity, inherent self-amplification, and potential synergy with antibiotics, render them compelling candidates. Phage engineering, a burgeoning discipline, involves the strategic modification of bacteriophages to enhance their therapeutic potential and broaden their applications. The integration of CRISPR-Cas systems facilitates precise genetic modifications, enabling phages to serve as carriers of functional genes/proteins, thereby enhancing diagnostics, drug delivery, and therapy. Phage engineering holds promise in transforming precision medicine, addressing antibiotic resistance, and advancing diverse applications. Emphasizing the profound therapeutic potential of phages, this review underscores their pivotal role in combatting bacterial diseases and highlights their significance in the post-antibiotic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Jo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Kwon
- Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan City 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Guen Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jun Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Engineering, Seowon University, 377-3 Musimseoro, Seowon-gu, Cheong-ju City 28674, Republic of Korea
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Choe J, Kim B, Park MK, Roh E. Biological and Genetic Characterizations of a Novel Lytic ΦFifi106 against Indigenous Erwinia amylovora and Evaluation of the Control of Fire Blight in Apple Plants. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1060. [PMID: 37626946 PMCID: PMC10452218 DOI: 10.3390/biology12081060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Erwinia amylovora is a devastating phytobacterium causing fire blight in the Rosaceae family. In this study, ΦFifi106, isolated from pear orchard soil, was further purified and characterized, and its efficacy for the control of fire blight in apple plants was evaluated. Its genomic analysis revealed that it consisted of 84,405 bp and forty-six functional ORFs, without any genes encoding antibiotic resistance, virulence, and lysogenicity. The phage was classified into the genus Kolesnikvirus of the subfamily Ounavirinae. ΦFifi106 specifically infected indigenous E. amylovora and E. pyrifoliae. The lytic activity of ΦFifi106 was stable under temperature and pH ranges of 4-50 °C and 4-10, as well as the exposure to ultraviolet irradiation for 6 h. ΦFifi106 had a latent period of 20 min and a burst size of 310 ± 30 PFU/infected cell. ΦFifi106 efficiently inhibited E. amylovora YKB 14808 at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.1 for 16 h. Finally, the pretreatment of ΦFifi106 at an MOI of 1000 efficiently reduced disease incidence to 37.0% and disease severity to 0.4 in M9 apple plants. This study addressed the use of ΦFifi106 as a novel, safe, efficient, and effective alternative to control fire blight in apple plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaein Choe
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Food and Bio-Industry Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;
| | - Byeori Kim
- Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea;
| | - Mi-Kyung Park
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Food and Bio-Industry Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;
| | - Eunjung Roh
- Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea;
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Dong H, Gao R, Dong Y, Yao Q, Zhu H. Whole-genome sequencing of a biocontrol Myxococcus xanthus R31 isolate and comparative genomic analysis. Gene 2023; 863:147286. [PMID: 36804855 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Tomato bacterial wilt (TBW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most destructive soil-borne diseases. Myxococcus xanthus R31, isolated from healthy tomato rhizosphere soil using the R. solanacearum baiting method, exhibiting good biocontrol efficacy against TBW. However, the genomic information and evolutionary features of R31 are largely unclear. Here, the high-quality genome assembly of R31 was presented. Using Nanopore sequencing technology, we assembled the 9.25 Mb complete genome of R31 and identified several extracellular enzyme proteins, including carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and peptidases. We also performed a comparative genome analysis of R31 and 17 other strains of M. xanthus with genome sequences in the NCBI database to gain insights into myxobacteria predation and genome size expansion. Average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization calculation and phylogenetic analysis indicated that R31 was closely related to the species M. xanthus. Further comparative genomics analysis suggested that, in addition to characteristics of predatory microorganisms, R31 contains many strain-specific genes, which may provide a genetic basis for its proficient predatory ability. This study provides new insights into R31 and other closely related species and facilitates studies using genetic approaches to further elucidate the predation mechanism of myxobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Dong
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Ruixiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yijie Dong
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Qing Yao
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Honghui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Microbial Culture Collection Center (GDMCC), Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China.
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Ahmed T, Li B. Phage-Plant Interactions: A Way Forward toward Sustainable Agriculture. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020329. [PMID: 36851543 PMCID: PMC9963990 DOI: 10.3390/v15020329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Agriculture is the most important sector as it provides food to the growing global population [...].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bin Li
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-571-88982412
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