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Zhang X, Wang J, Tan Y, Chen C, Tang S, Zhao S, Qin Q, Huang H, Duan S. Nanobodies in cytokine‑mediated immunotherapy and immunoimaging (Review). Int J Mol Med 2024; 53:12. [PMID: 38063273 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are the main regulators of innate and adaptive immunity, mediating communications between the cells of the immune system and regulating biological functions, including cell motility, differentiation, growth and apoptosis. Cytokines and cytokine receptors have been used in the treatment of tumors and autoimmune diseases, and to intervene in cytokine storms. Indeed, the use of monoclonal antibodies to block cytokine‑receptor interactions, as well as antibody‑cytokine fusion proteins has exhibited immense potential for the treatment of tumors and autoimmune diseases. Compared with these traditional types of antibodies, nanobodies not only maintain a high affinity and specificity, but also have the advantages of high thermal stability, a high capacity for chemical manipulation, low immunogenicity, good tissue permeability, rapid clearance and economic production. Thus, nanobodies have extensive potential for use in the diagnosis and treatment of cytokine‑related diseases. The present review summarizes the application of nanobodies in cytokine‑mediated immunotherapy and immunoimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Ying Tan
- Department of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Chaoting Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Shimei Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Qiuhong Qin
- Department of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Hansheng Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
| | - Siliang Duan
- Department of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545005, P.R. China
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Peilstöcker D, Meisinger C, Linseisen J, Baumgärtner J, Hasan A, Schmauß M, Kirchberger I. Are cytokine profiles associated with the cognitive performance of adults with severe major depression? J Psychiatr Res 2023; 166:32-39. [PMID: 37738778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment often occurs in major depressive disorder (MDD). Studies suggest that these cognitive deficits may be associated with inflammatory biomarkers, but data are limited. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between 48 peripheral blood cytokines and cognitive performance in patients with severe depressive disorder. One hundred consecutive hospitalized adult patients with severe depression who participated in the Depression long-term Augsburg (DELTA) study were included in the present analysis. To test working memory (WM) the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) IV and to assess interference control (IC) the Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT) were performed. The serum concentrations of the biomarkers were measured using the Bio-Plex Pro™ Human Cytokine Screening Panel 1. Multiple linear regression models adjusted for possible confounders were fitted to examine associations. WM was impaired in 11% of the patients. IC was impaired in 1%-3% of the cases depending on the subtest. Eotaxin, IL-1β, IL-4, MCP-1, G-CSF, and PGF-BB were negatively associated with the WM. Eotaxin, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-16, IL-18, MCP-1, G-CSF, SCF, and MIP-1α were negatively associated with IC. None of these associations remained significant after adjustment for multiple testing. The present study identified eotaxin, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-16, IL-18, MCP-1, G-CSF, SCF, PGF-BB and MIP-1α as being associated with cognitive performance. After confirmation of these results in further studies, these cytokines may be potential targets for new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Peilstöcker
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, IBE, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany; Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Christine Meisinger
- Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Jakob Linseisen
- Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Baumgärtner
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Augsburg, Medical Faculty, BKH Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Alkomiet Hasan
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Augsburg, Medical Faculty, BKH Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Max Schmauß
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Augsburg, Medical Faculty, BKH Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Inge Kirchberger
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, IBE, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany.
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Maharaj D, Kaur K, Saltese A, Gouvea J. Personalized Precision Immunotherapy for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Crit Rev Immunol 2023; 43:1-11. [PMID: 37938192 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2023048372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Neurological syndrome amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) affects motor neurons and is characterized by progressive motor neuron loss in the brain and spinal cord. ALS starts with mainly focal onset but when the disease progresses, it spreads to different parts of the body, with survival limits of 2-5 years after disease initiation. To date, only supportive care is provided for ALS patients, and no effective treatment or cure has been discovered. This review is focused on clinical and immunological aspects of ALS patients, based on our case studies, and we discuss the treatment we have provided to those patients based on a detailed evaluation of their peripheral blood immune cells and blood-derived serum secreted factors, cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. We show that using a personalized approach of low dose immunotherapy there is an improvement in the effects on inflammation and immunological dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipnarine Maharaj
- South Florida Bone Marrow Stem Cell Transplant Institute, DBA Maharaj Institute of Immune Regenerative Medicine, Boynton Beach, FL 33437
| | - Kawaljit Kaur
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, University of California School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Ave, 90095 Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adrian Saltese
- South Florida Bone Marrow Stem Cell Transplant Institute, DBA Maharaj Institute of Immune Regenerative Medicine, Boynton Beach, FL 33437, USA
| | - Jacqueline Gouvea
- South Florida Bone Marrow Stem Cell Transplant Institute, DBA Maharaj Institute of Immune Regenerative Medicine, Boynton Beach, FL 33437, USA
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Neural Regeneration in Regenerative Endodontic Treatment: An Overview and Current Trends. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415492. [PMID: 36555133 PMCID: PMC9779866 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulpal and periapical diseases are the most common dental diseases. The traditional treatment is root canal therapy, which achieves satisfactory therapeutic outcomes-especially for mature permanent teeth. Apexification, pulpotomy, and pulp revascularization are common techniques used for immature permanent teeth to accelerate the development of the root. However, there are obstacles to achieving functional pulp regeneration. Recently, two methods have been proposed based on tissue engineering: stem cell transplantation, and cell homing. One of the goals of functional pulp regeneration is to achieve innervation. Nerves play a vital role in dentin formation, nutrition, sensation, and defense in the pulp. Successful neural regeneration faces tough challenges in both animal studies and clinical trials. Investigation of the regeneration and repair of the nerves in the pulp has become a serious undertaking. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the key stem cells, signaling molecules, and biomaterials that could promote neural regeneration as part of pulp regeneration. We also discuss the challenges in preclinical or clinical neural regeneration applications to guide deep research in the future.
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Li Y, Piao X, Xu T, Zhang B, Shen X, Cheng XW, Zheng S. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor protected against brain injury in a rat cerebral hemorrhage model by modulating inflammation. Exp Anim 2022; 71:193-203. [PMID: 34853239 PMCID: PMC9130042 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.21-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been reported to exert a protective effect against secondary brain damage, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We explored the ability of G-CSF to protect the brain from injury in a rat autologous blood-induced model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), with a special focus on the anti-inflammation effect. An ICH was induced in 8-week-old male rats by an infusion of autologous blood, and the rats were then randomly assigned to five treatment groups: sham, ICH, and ICH+ low-dose (25 µg/kg), middle-dose (50 µg/kg), and high-dose (75 µg/kg) G-CSF. We then evaluated the levels of brain inflammation-related genes and proteins. The levels of tumor-necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA increased between days 1 and 14 post-ICH, with the highest expression on day 3. These changes were rectified by G-CSF in a dose-dependent manner. At day 3 post-injury, an elevation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 protein level and a reduction of the inhibitor of NF-κB alpha (IκBα) protein level were observed; G-CSF treatment exerted a beneficial effect on both protein expressions. The expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) proteins were increased; these changes were rectified by the highest dose of G-CSF. The brain-protecting effects of G-CSF are likely to be attributable, at least in part, to attenuation of the TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS, and COX-2 expressions induced by NF-κB activation in the brain tissues of this autologous blood-induced ICH rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanglong Li
- Department of Neurology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin 133000, Jilin, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin 133000, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Xianji Piao
- Department of ICU, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin 133000, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Tiance Xu
- Department of Neurology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin 133000, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin 133000, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Xionghu Shen
- Department of Oncology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin 133000, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Xian Wu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin 133000, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Shengzhe Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanjin 133000, Jilin, P.R. China
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Pan H, Sun T, Cui M, Ma N, Yang C, Liu J, Pang G, Liu B, Li L, Zhang X, Zhang W, Chang J, Wang H. Light-Sensitive Lactococcus lactis for Microbe-Gut-Brain Axis Regulating via Upconversion Optogenetic Micro-Nano System. ACS NANO 2022; 16:6049-6063. [PMID: 35362965 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c11536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of the gut-brain axis has proven that brain functions can be affected by the gut microbiota's metabolites, so there are significant opportunities to explore new tools to regulate gut microbiota and thus work on the brain functions. Meanwhile, engineered bacteria as oral live biotherapeutic agents to regulate the host's healthy homeostasis have attracted much attention in microbial therapy. However, whether this strategy is able to remotely regulate the host's brain function in vivo has not been investigated. Here, we engineered three blue-light-responsive probiotics as oral live biotherapeutic agents. They are spatiotemporally delivered and controlled by the upconversion optogenetic micro-nano system. This micro-nano system promotes the small intestine targeting and production of the exogenous L. lactis in the intestines, which realizes precise manipulation of brain functions including anxiety behavior, Parkinson's disease, and vagal afferent. The noninvasive and real-time probiotic intervention strategy makes the communiation from the gut to the host more controllable, which will enable the potential for engineered microbes accurately and effectively regulating a host's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhuo Pan
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Center for Biosafety Research and Strategy, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Meihui Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Ning Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Chun Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Gaoju Pang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Baona Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Lianyue Li
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Weiwen Zhang
- Center for Biosafety Research and Strategy, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Jin Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Hanjie Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Function and Application of Biological Macromolecular Structures, Tianjin, 300072, China
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Ahmadi F, Salmasi Z, Mojarad M, Eslahi A, Tayarani-Najaran Z. G-CSF augments the neuroprotective effect of conditioned medium of dental pulp stem cells against hypoxic neural injury in SH-SY5Y cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:1743-1752. [PMID: 35432810 PMCID: PMC8976909 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.60217.13344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) can differentiate into functional neurons and have the potential for cell therapy in neurological diseases. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a glycoprotein family shown neuroprotective effect in models of nerve damage. we evaluated the protective effects of G-CSF, conditioned media from DPSCs (DPSCs-CM) and conditioned media from transfected DPSCs with plasmid encoding G-CSF (DPSC-CMT) on SH-SY5Y exposed to CoCl2 as a model of hypoxia-induced neural damage. Materials and Methods: SH-SY5Y exposed to CoCl2 were treated with DPSCs-CM, G-CSF, simultaneous combination of DPSCs-CM and G-CSF and finally DPSC-CMT. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined by resazurin (or lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay alternatively) and propidium iodide (PI) staining. Western blot analysis was performed to detect changes in apoptotic protein levels. The interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 IL6/IL10 levels were measured with Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: DPSCs-CM and G-CSF were able to significantly protect SH-SY5Y against neural cell damage caused by CoCl2 according to resazurin and LDH analysis. Also, the percentage of apoptotic cells decreased when SH-SY5Y were treated with DPSCs-CM and G-CSF simultaneously. After transfection of DPSCs with G-CSF plasmid, DPSC-CMT could significantly improve the protection. The amount of β-catenin, cleaved PARP and caspase-3 were significantly decreased and the expression of survivin was considerably increased when hypoxic SH-SY5Y treated with DPSCs-CM plus G-CSF according to Western blot. Decreased level of IL-6/IL-10, which exposed to CoCl2, after treatment with DPSCs-CM indicated the suppression of inflammatory mediators. Conclusion: Combination therapy of G-CSF and DPSCs-CM improved the protective activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farahnaz Ahmadi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Salmasi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Mojarad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Atieh Eslahi
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Tayarani-Najaran
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Corresponding author: Zahra Tayarani-Najaran. Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. Tel: +98-51-31801178;
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Brady LJ, Erickson KR, Lucerne KE, Osman A, Kiraly DD, Calipari ES. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) enhances cocaine effects in the nucleus accumbens via a dopamine release-based mechanism. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:3499-3509. [PMID: 34487190 PMCID: PMC9056006 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05967-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cocaine use disorder is associated with alterations in immune function including altered expression of multiple peripheral cytokines in humans-several of which correlate with drug use. Individuals suffering from cocaine use disorder show altered immune system responses to drug-associated cues, highlighting the interaction between the brain and immune system as a critical factor in the development and expression of cocaine use disorder. We have previously demonstrated in animal models that cocaine use upregulates the expression of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-a pleiotropic cytokine-in the serum and the nucleus accumbens (NAc). G-CSF signaling has been causally linked to behavioral responses to cocaine across multiple behavioral domains. The goal of this study was to define whether increases in G-CSF alter the pharmacodynamic effects of cocaine on the dopamine system and whether this occurs via direct mechanisms within local NAc microcircuits. We find that systemic G-CSF injection increases cocaine effects on dopamine terminals. The enhanced dopamine levels in the presence of cocaine occur through a release-based mechanism, rather than through effects on the dopamine transporter-as uptake rates were unchanged following G-CSF treatment. Critically, this effect could be recapitulated by acute bath application of G-CSF to dopamine terminals, an effect that was occluded by prior G-CSF treatment, suggesting a similar mechanistic basis for direct and systemic exposures. This work highlights the critical interaction between the immune system and psychostimulant effects that can alter drug responses and may play a role in vulnerability to cocaine use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lillian J Brady
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, TN, 37232, Nashville, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Kirsty R Erickson
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, TN, 37232, Nashville, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Kelsey E Lucerne
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Aya Osman
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl - Box 1230, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Drew D Kiraly
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl - Box 1230, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Erin S Calipari
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, TN, 37232, Nashville, USA.
- Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 865F Light Hall, 2215 Garland Avenue, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
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Chitu V, Biundo F, Stanley ER. Colony stimulating factors in the nervous system. Semin Immunol 2021; 54:101511. [PMID: 34743926 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Although traditionally seen as regulators of hematopoiesis, colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) have emerged as important players in the nervous system, both in health and disease. This review summarizes the cellular sources, patterns of expression and physiological roles of the macrophage (CSF-1, IL-34), granulocyte-macrophage (GM-CSF) and granulocyte (G-CSF) colony stimulating factors within the nervous system, with a particular focus on their actions on microglia. CSF-1 and IL-34, via the CSF-1R, are required for the development, proliferation and maintenance of essentially all CNS microglia in a temporal and regional specific manner. In contrast, in steady state, GM-CSF and G-CSF are mainly involved in regulation of microglial function. The alterations in expression of these growth factors and their receptors, that have been reported in several neurological diseases, are described and the outcomes of their therapeutic targeting in mouse models and humans are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Chitu
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Fabrizio Biundo
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - E Richard Stanley
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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Abri Aghdam K, Aghajani A, Ashraf Khorasani M, Soltan Sanjari M, Chaibakhsh S, Habibi A, Falavarjani KG. Intravitreal Injection Of The Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor For The Treatment Of Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy: A Pilot Study. Semin Ophthalmol 2021; 36:649-657. [PMID: 33689586 DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2021.1896749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the efficacy of intravitreal injection of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for the treatment of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).Methods: Patients with acute NAION were enrolled in this prospective interventional case series. They received an intravitreal injection of 60 micrograms in 0.1 ml of G-CSF within 2 weeks of the onset of the disease. Visual acuity, visual field, intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal endothelial cell density, and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness were recorded before injections and 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and one year after the injections. Full-field electroretinography (ERG) was obtained at the baseline, 1 month, and 12 months post- injections.Results: Fourteen eyes of 14 patients entered the study. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) significantly improved in the first month following injections (p = .007), decreased subsequently, and the final BCVA showed no significant improvement (p = .278) compared to the baseline measurements. A significant decrease in RNFL thickness was observed in all quadrants compared to the baseline measurements. Also, no improvement in the visual field parameters was observed. From the toxicity aspect, no significant changes in the corneal endothelial cell density, IOP, and ERG recordings were observed.Conclusion: Intravitreal injection of G-CSF seems to be safe. The effect may last for one month and then decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Abri Aghdam
- , Eye Research Center, the Five Senses Institute, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Aghajani
- , Eye Research Center, the Five Senses Institute, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Ashraf Khorasani
- , Eye Research Center, the Five Senses Institute, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Soltan Sanjari
- , Eye Research Center, the Five Senses Institute, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Chaibakhsh
- , Eye Research Center, the Five Senses Institute, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Habibi
- , Eye Research Center, the Five Senses Institute, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Vissers MFJM, Heuberger JAAC, Groeneveld GJ. Targeting for Success: Demonstrating Proof-of-Concept with Mechanistic Early Phase Clinical Pharmacology Studies for Disease-Modification in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1615. [PMID: 33562713 PMCID: PMC7915613 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical failure rate for disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) that slow or stop disease progression has been nearly 100% for the major neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs), with many compounds failing in expensive and time-consuming phase 2 and 3 trials for lack of efficacy. Here, we critically review the use of pharmacological and mechanistic biomarkers in early phase clinical trials of DMTs in NDDs, and propose a roadmap for providing early proof-of-concept to increase R&D productivity in this field of high unmet medical need. A literature search was performed on published early phase clinical trials aimed at the evaluation of NDD DMT compounds using MESH terms in PubMed. Publications were selected that reported an early phase clinical trial with NDD DMT compounds between 2010 and November 2020. Attention was given to the reported use of pharmacodynamic (mechanistic and physiological response) biomarkers. A total of 121 early phase clinical trials were identified, of which 89 trials (74%) incorporated one or multiple pharmacodynamic biomarkers. However, only 65 trials (54%) used mechanistic (target occupancy or activation) biomarkers to demonstrate target engagement in humans. The most important categories of early phase mechanistic and response biomarkers are discussed and a roadmap for incorporation of a robust biomarker strategy for early phase NDD DMT clinical trials is proposed. As our understanding of NDDs is improving, there is a rise in potentially disease-modifying treatments being brought to the clinic. Further increasing the rational use of mechanistic biomarkers in early phase trials for these (targeted) therapies can increase R&D productivity with a quick win/fast fail approach in an area that has seen a nearly 100% failure rate to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurits F. J. M. Vissers
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Zernikedreef 8, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands; (J.A.A.C.H.); (G.J.G.)
- Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jules A. A. C. Heuberger
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Zernikedreef 8, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands; (J.A.A.C.H.); (G.J.G.)
| | - Geert Jan Groeneveld
- Centre for Human Drug Research, Zernikedreef 8, 2333 CL Leiden, The Netherlands; (J.A.A.C.H.); (G.J.G.)
- Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
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12
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Neuroprotection through G-CSF: recent advances and future viewpoints. Pharmacol Rep 2021; 73:372-385. [PMID: 33389706 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00201-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), a member of the cytokine family of hematopoietic growth factors, is 19.6 kDa glycoprotein which is responsible for the proliferation, maturation, differentiation, and survival of neutrophilic granulocyte lineage. Apart from its proven clinical application to treat chemotherapy-associated neutropenia, recent pre-clinical studies have highlighted the neuroprotective roles of G-CSF i.e., mobilization of haemopoietic stem cells, anti-apoptotic, neuronal differentiation, angiogenesis and anti-inflammatory in animal models of neurological disorders. G-CSF is expressed by numerous cell types including neuronal, immune and endothelial cells. G-CSF is released in autocrine manner and binds to its receptor G-CSF-R which further activates numerous signaling transduction pathways including PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT and MAP kinase, and thereby promote neuronal survival, proliferation, differentiation, mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. The expression of G-CSF receptors (G-CSF-R) in the different brain regions and their upregulation in response to neuronal insult indicates the autocrine protective signaling mechanism of G-CSF by inhibition of apoptosis, inflammation, and stimulation of neurogenesis. These observed neuroprotective effects of G-CSF makes it an attractive target to mitigate neurodegeneration associated with neurological disorders. The objective of the review is to highlight and summarize recent updates on G-CSF as a therapeutically versatile neuroprotective agent along with mechanisms of action as well as possible clinical applications in neurodegenerative disorders including AD, PD and HD.
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13
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Vaes JEG, Brandt MJV, Wanders N, Benders MJNL, de Theije CGM, Gressens P, Nijboer CH. The impact of trophic and immunomodulatory factors on oligodendrocyte maturation: Potential treatments for encephalopathy of prematurity. Glia 2020; 69:1311-1340. [PMID: 33595855 PMCID: PMC8246971 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Encephalopathy of prematurity (EoP) is a major cause of morbidity in preterm neonates, causing neurodevelopmental adversities that can lead to lifelong impairments. Preterm birth-related insults, such as cerebral oxygen fluctuations and perinatal inflammation, are believed to negatively impact brain development, leading to a range of brain abnormalities. Diffuse white matter injury is a major hallmark of EoP and characterized by widespread hypomyelination, the result of disturbances in oligodendrocyte lineage development. At present, there are no treatment options available, despite the enormous burden of EoP on patients, their families, and society. Over the years, research in the field of neonatal brain injury and other white matter pathologies has led to the identification of several promising trophic factors and cytokines that contribute to the survival and maturation of oligodendrocytes, and/or dampening neuroinflammation. In this review, we discuss the current literature on selected factors and their therapeutic potential to combat EoP, covering a wide range of in vitro, preclinical and clinical studies. Furthermore, we offer a future perspective on the translatability of these factors into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josine E G Vaes
- Department for Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center and Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center and Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Myrna J V Brandt
- Department for Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center and Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nikki Wanders
- Department for Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center and Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Manon J N L Benders
- Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center and Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline G M de Theije
- Department for Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center and Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Cora H Nijboer
- Department for Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center and Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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14
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Salamone P, Fuda G, Casale F, Marrali G, Lunetta C, Caponnetto C, Mazzini L, La Bella V, Mandrioli J, Simone IL, Moglia C, Calvo A, Tarella C, Chio A. G-CSF (filgrastim) treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: protocol for a phase II randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group, multicentre clinical study (STEMALS-II trial). BMJ Open 2020; 10:e034049. [PMID: 32209625 PMCID: PMC7202695 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal progressive neurological disorder characterised by a selective degeneration of motor neurons (MNs). Stem cell transplantation is considered as a promising strategy in neurological disorders therapy and the possibility of inducing bone marrow cells (BMCs) to circulate in the peripheral blood is suggested to investigate stem cells migration in degenerated ALS nerve tissues where potentially repair MN damage. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a growth factor which stimulates haematopoietic progenitor cells, mobilises BMCs into injured brain and it is itself a neurotrophic factor for MN. G-CSF safety in humans has been demonstrated and many observations suggest that it may affect neural cells. Therefore, we decided to use G-CSF to mobilise BMCs into the peripheral circulation in patients with ALS, planning a clinical trial to evaluate the effect of G-CSF administration in ALS patients compared with placebo. METHODS AND ANALYSIS STEMALS-II is a phase II multicentre, randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group clinical trial on G-CSF (filgrastim) and mannitol in ALS patients. Specifically, we investigate safety, tolerability and efficacy of four repeated courses of intravenous G-CSF and mannitol administered in 76 ALS patients in comparison with placebo (indistinguishable glucose solution 5%). We determine increase of G-CSF levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid as CD34+ cells and leucocyte count after treatment; reduction in ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised Score, forced vital capacity, Scale for Testing Muscle Strength Score and quality of life; the adverse events/reactions during the treatment; changes in neuroinflammation biomarkers before and after treatment. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria 'Città della Salute e della Scienza', Torino, Italy. Results will be presented during scientific symposia or published in scientific journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Eudract 2014-002228-28.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolina Salamone
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Torino, Piemonte, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fuda
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Torino, Piemonte, Italy
| | - Federico Casale
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Torino, Piemonte, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marrali
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Torino, Piemonte, Italy
| | - Christian Lunetta
- NEuroMuscular Omnicentre (NEMO), Fondazione Serena Onlus, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Caponnetto
- Neurological Clinic, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- Department of Neurology, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Vincenzo La Bella
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Jessica Mandrioli
- Department of Neuroscience, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Modena, St. Agostino-Estense Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | - Isabella Laura Simone
- Neurology Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Puglia, Italy
| | - Cristina Moglia
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Torino, Piemonte, Italy
- ALS Center, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Piemonte, Italy
| | - Andrea Calvo
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Torino, Piemonte, Italy
- ALS Center, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Piemonte, Italy
| | - Corrado Tarella
- Oncohematology Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, University of Milan, Milano, Lombardia, Italy
| | - Adriano Chio
- 'Rita Levi Montalcini' Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Torino, Piemonte, Italy
- ALS Center, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Piemonte, Italy
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15
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Construction of a Pichia pastoris strain efficiently producing recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) and study of its biological activity on bone marrow cells. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:607-620. [PMID: 31713007 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05169-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Non-glycosylated, recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF), produced by Escherichia coli (filgrastim, leukostim) is widely used to treat a number of serious human diseases and aids in the recovery post bone marrow transplantation. Although glycosylation is not required for the manifestation of the biological activity of G-CSF, a number of studies have shown that the carbohydrate residue significantly increases the physicochemical stability of the G-CSF molecule. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to design a Pichia pastoris strain capable of producing glycosylated rhG-CSF, and to study its effects on rat bone marrow cells. The nucleotide sequence of the rhG-CSF gene has been optimized for expression in P. pastoris, synthesized, cloned into the pPICZαA vector and expressed under the control of the AOX promoter in P. pastoris X33. One of the selected clones secreting rhG-CSF, produced 100-120 mg/l of rhG-CSF three days post-induction with methanol. The recombinant cytokine was purified using two-step, ion-exchange chromatography. The final yield of purified G-CSF was 35 mg/L of culture medium. The biological activity of rhG-CSF was examined in rat bone marrow cells. The P. pastoris strain was designed to produce relatively high levels of rhG-CSF. The rhG-CSF protein had a strong stimulating effect on the growth of rat bone marrow cells, which was comparable to that of the commercial drug leukostim, but showed a more persistent effect on granulocyte cells and monocyte sprouts, enabling the enhanced maintenance of the viability of the cells into the 4th day of incubation.
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16
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Pang CY, Yang KL, Fu CH, Sun LY, Chen SY, Liao CH. G-CSF enhances the therapeutic potency of stem cells transplantation in spinal cord-injured rats. Regen Med 2019; 14:571-583. [DOI: 10.2217/rme-2018-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The therapeutic effects of human wisdom teeth-derived neuronal stem cell (tNSC) cotreatment with granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) were evaluated for contusion-induced spinal cord injury in rats. Materials & methods: 7 days after contusion, tNSCs were transplanted to the injury site and followed by G-CSF cotreatment for 5 days. Behavioral deficits were evaluated by the Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan test. The injury site was collected for immunohistochemistry analysis. Results: The Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan test significantly improved in the cotreated group compared with the tNSCs or G-CSF single treatment groups. However, inflammation indices did not differ among the three groups. In vitro experiment demonstrated that tNSCs express both G-CSF and its relevant receptor. G-CSF enhanced tNSC proliferation and neurotrophins secretion in vitro. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that G-CSF enhances neurotrophins secretion of tNSCs, and might help improving functional recovery from spinal cord injury in rats if they were given together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yoong Pang
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan 970
- Cardiovascular & Metabolomics Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan 970
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan 970
| | - Kuo-Liang Yang
- Buddhist Tzu Chi Stem Cells Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan 970
- Tzu Chi Cord Blood Bank, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan 970
| | - Chin-Hua Fu
- Department of Neurology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan 427
| | - Li-Yi Sun
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan 970
- Gene & Stem Cell Production Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan 970
| | - Shin-Yuan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan 970
| | - Chia-Hsin Liao
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan 970
- Department of Nature Science, Holistic Education Center, Tzu Chi University of Science & Technology, Hualien, Taiwan 970
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17
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Zeuner KE, Schäffer E, Hopfner F, Brüggemann N, Berg D. Progress of Pharmacological Approaches in Parkinson's Disease. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2019; 105:1106-1120. [PMID: 30661251 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.1374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The progressive neurodegenerative process in Parkinson's disease (PD) is not restricted to dopaminergic midbrain neurons but involves the entire nervous system. In this review, we outline established treatment options at different disease stages and address new therapeutic approaches. These include, based on recent advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of PD, genetic and disease-modifying approaches to reduce abnormal accumulation and aggregation of alpha-synuclein (aSYN), mitochondrial dysfunction, and dysfunction of lysosomal proteins. Moreover, we highlight clinical trials to reduce neuroinflammation and increase neurorestoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten E Zeuner
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Eva Schäffer
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Franziska Hopfner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hospital of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Norbert Brüggemann
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Daniela Berg
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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18
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Kiyota T, Machhi J, Lu Y, Dyavarshetty B, Nemati M, Yokoyama I, Mosley RL, Gendelman HE. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor neuroprotective activities in Alzheimer's disease mice. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 319:80-92. [PMID: 29573847 PMCID: PMC5916331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on behavioral and pathological outcomes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and non-transgenic mice. GM-CSF treatment in AD mice reduced brain amyloidosis, increased plasma Aβ, and rescued cognitive impairment with increased hippocampal expression of calbindin and synaptophysin and increased levels of doublecortin-positive cells in the dentate gyrus. These data extend GM-CSF pleiotropic neuroprotection mechanisms in AD and include regulatory T cell-mediated immunomodulation of microglial function, Aβ clearance, maintenance of synaptic integrity, and induction of neurogenesis. Together these data support further development of GM-CSF as a neuroprotective agent for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Kiyota
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jatin Machhi
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Yaman Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Bhagyalaxmi Dyavarshetty
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Izumi Yokoyama
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - R L Mosley
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Howard E Gendelman
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Huang H, Skaper S, Mao G, Saberi H, Feng S, Jeon SR, Chen L, Dimitrijevic M. 2017 Yearbook of Neurorestoratology. JOURNAL OF NEURORESTORATOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.26599/jnr.2018.9040001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2016 we published the first Yearbook of Neurorestoratology, which summarized pathogenesis in nervous system disease and damage, as well as neurorestorative mechanisms and neurorestorative therapeutic results. Given the progress and achievements occurring in 2017, we have put together those major progresses as the “2017 Yearbook of Neurorestoratology”, which can help readers to easily follow the latest developments in Neurorestoratology.
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