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Robert E, Lenz P, Bergeron Y, de Lafontaine G, Bouriaud O, Isabel N, Girardin MP. Future carbon sequestration potential in a widespread transcontinental boreal tree species: Standing genetic variation matters! GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17347. [PMID: 38822663 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Climate change (CC) necessitates reforestation/afforestation programs to mitigate its impacts and maximize carbon sequestration. But comprehending how tree growth, a proxy for fitness and resilience, responds to CC is critical to maximize these programs' effectiveness. Variability in tree response to CC across populations can notably be influenced by the standing genetic variation encompassing both neutral and adaptive genetic diversity. Here, a framework is proposed to assess tree growth potential at the population scale while accounting for standing genetic variation. We applied this framework to black spruce (BS, Picea mariana [Mill] B.S.P.), with the objectives to (1) determine the key climate variables having impacted BS growth response from 1974 to 2019, (2) examine the relative roles of local adaptation and the phylogeographic structure in this response, and (3) project BS growth under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways while taking standing genetic variation into account. We modeled growth using a machine learning algorithm trained with dendroecological and genetic data obtained from over 2600 trees (62 populations divided in three genetic clusters) in four 48-year-old common gardens, and simulated growth until year 2100 at the common garden locations. Our study revealed that high summer and autumn temperatures negatively impacted BS growth. As a consequence of warming, this species is projected to experience a decline in growth by the end of the century, suggesting maladaptation to anticipated CC and a potential threat to its carbon sequestration capacity. This being said, we observed a clear difference in response to CC within and among genetic clusters, with the western cluster being more impacted than the central and eastern clusters. Our results show that intraspecific genetic variation, notably associated with the phylogeographic structure, must be considered when estimating the response of widespread species to CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Robert
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patrick Lenz
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Canadian Wood Fibre Centre, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yves Bergeron
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Institut de Recherche Sur les forêts, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, Québec, Canada
| | - Guillaume de Lafontaine
- Canada Research Chair in Integrative Biology of the Northern Flora, Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada
| | - Olivier Bouriaud
- Ștefan Cel Mare University of Suceava, Suceava, Romania
- IGN, ENSG, Laboratoire d'Inventaire Forestier - LIF, Nancy, France
| | - Nathalie Isabel
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin P Girardin
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Institut de Recherche Sur les forêts, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, Québec, Canada
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Leites L, Benito Garzón M. Forest tree species adaptation to climate across biomes: Building on the legacy of ecological genetics to anticipate responses to climate change. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:4711-4730. [PMID: 37029765 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Intraspecific variation plays a critical role in extant and future forest responses to climate change. Forest tree species with wide climatic niches rely on the intraspecific variation resulting from genetic adaptation and phenotypic plasticity to accommodate spatial and temporal climate variability. A centuries-old legacy of forest ecological genetics and provenance trials has provided a strong foundation upon which to continue building on this knowledge, which is critical to maintain climate-adapted forests. Our overall objective is to understand forest trees intraspecific responses to climate across species and biomes, while our specific objectives are to describe ecological genetics models used to build our foundational knowledge, summarize modeling approaches that have expanded the traditional toolset, and extensively review the literature from 1994 to 2021 to highlight the main contributions of this legacy and the new analyzes of provenance trials. We reviewed 103 studies comprising at least three common gardens, which covered 58 forest tree species, 28 of them with range-wide studies. Although studies using provenance trial data cover mostly commercially important forest tree species from temperate and boreal biomes, this synthesis provides a global overview of forest tree species adaptation to climate. We found that evidence for genetic adaptation to local climate is commonly present in the species studied (79%), being more common in conifers (87.5%) than in broadleaf species (67%). In 57% of the species, clines in fitness-related traits were associated with temperature variables, in 14% of the species with precipitation, and in 25% of the species with both. Evidence of adaptation lags was found in 50% of the species with range-wide studies. We conclude that ecological genetics models and analysis of provenance trial data provide excellent insights on intraspecific genetic variation, whereas the role and limits of phenotypic plasticity, which will likely determine the fate of extant forests, is vastly understudied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Leites
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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Love NLR, Mazer SJ. Geographic variation in offspring size: Long- and short-term climate affect mean seed mass of Streptanthus populations. Ecology 2022; 103:e3698. [PMID: 35352825 PMCID: PMC9287029 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Offspring size is a key functional trait that can affect subsequent life history stages; in many species, it exhibits both local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity. Variation among populations in offspring size may be explained by various factors, including local climatic conditions. However, geographic variation in climate may be partitioned into long‐term and interannual sources of variation, which may differ in their effects on population mean offspring size. To assess environmental correlates of offspring size, we evaluated geographic variation in seed mass among 88 populations representing 6 species of Streptanthus (Brassicaceae) distributed across a broad climatic gradient in California. We examined the effects of temperature‐mediated growing season length and precipitation on population mean seed mass to determine whether it is best explained by (1) long‐term mean climatic conditions; (2) interannual climate anomalies (i.e., deviations in climate from long‐term means) during the year of seed development, or (3) interactions between climate variables. Both long‐term mean climate and climate anomalies in the year of collection were associated with population mean seed mass, but their effects differed in direction and magnitude. Relatively large seeds were produced at chronically wet sites but also during drier‐than‐average years. This contrast indicates that these associations may be generated by different mechanisms (i.e., adaptive evolution vs. phenotypic plasticity) and may be evidence of countergradient plasticity in seed mass. In addition, populations occurring in locations characterized by relatively long growing seasons produced comparatively large seeds, particularly among chronically dry sites. This study highlights the need to consider that the responses of seed mass to long‐term versus recent climatic conditions may differ and that climate variables may interact to predict seed mass. Such considerations are especially important when using these patterns to forecast the long‐ and short‐term responses of seed mass to climate change. The results presented here also contribute to our broader understanding of how climate drives long‐term (e.g., local adaptation) and short‐term (e.g., phenotypic plasticity) variation in functional traits, such as offspring size across landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie L R Love
- Biological Sciences Department, California Polytechnic State University, 1 Grand Ave, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA.,Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Susan J Mazer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
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Onofrio L, Hawley G, Leites LP. Ecological genetics of Juglans nigra: Differences in early growth patterns of natural populations. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:7399-7410. [PMID: 34188822 PMCID: PMC8216888 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Many boreal and temperate forest tree species distributed across large geographic ranges are composed of populations adapted to the climate they inhabit. Forestry provenance studies and common gardens provide evidence of local adaptation to climate when associations between fitness traits and the populations' home climates are observed. Most studies that evaluate tree height as a fitness trait do so at a specific point in time. In this study, we elucidate differences in early growth patterns in black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) populations by modeling height growth from seed up to age 11. The data comprise tree height measurements between ages 2 and 11 for 52 natural populations of black walnut collected through its geographic range and planted in one or more of 3 common gardens. We use the Chapman-Richards growth model in a mixed effects framework and test whether populations differ in growth patterns by incorporating populations' home climate into the model. In addition, we evaluate differences in populations' absolute growth and relative growth based on the fitted model. Models indicated that populations from warmer climates had the highest cumulative growth through time, with differences in average tree height between populations from home climates with a mean annual temperature (MAT) of 13°C and of 7°C estimated to be as high as 80% at age 3. Populations from warmer climates were also estimated to have higher and earlier maximum absolute growth rate than populations from colder climates. In addition, populations from warm climates were predicted to have higher relative growth rates at any given tree size. Results indicate that natural selection may shape early growth patterns of populations within a tree species, suggesting that fast early growth rates are likely selected for in relatively mild environments where competition rather than tolerance to environmental stressors becomes the dominant selection pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Onofrio
- Department of Ecosystem Science and ManagementThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPAUSA
| | - Gary Hawley
- Rubenstein School of Environment and the Natural ResourcesThe University of VermontBurlingtonVTUSA
| | - Laura P. Leites
- Department of Ecosystem Science and ManagementThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPAUSA
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Samis KE, Stinchcombe JR, Murren CJ. Population climatic history predicts phenotypic responses in novel environments for Arabidopsis thaliana in North America. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2019; 106:1068-1080. [PMID: 31364776 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Determining how species perform in novel climatic environments is essential for understanding (1) responses to climate change and (2) evolutionary consequences of biological invasions. For the vast majority of species, the number of population characteristics that will predict performance and patterns of natural selection in novel locations in the wild remains limited. METHODS We evaluated phenological, vegetative, architectural, and fitness-related traits in experimental gardens in contrasting climates (Ontario, Canada, and South Carolina, USA) in the North American non-native distribution of Arabidopsis thaliana. We assessed the effects of climatic distance, geographic distance, and genetic features of history on performance and patterns of natural selection in the novel garden settings. RESULTS We found that plants had greater survivorship, flowered earlier, were larger, and produced more fruit in the south, and that genotype-by-environment interactions were significant between gardens. However, our analyses revealed similar patterns of natural selection between gardens in distinct climate zones. After accounting for genetic ancestry, we also detected that population climatic distance best predicted performance within gardens. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that colonization success in novel, non-native environments is determined by a combination of climate and genetic history. When performance at novel sites was assessed with seed sources from geographically and genetically disparate, established non-native populations, proximity to the garden alone was insufficient to predict performance. Our study highlights the need to evaluate seed sources from diverse origins to describe comprehensively phenotypic responses to novel environments, particularly for taxa in which many source populations may contribute to colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen E Samis
- Department of Biology, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | - John R Stinchcombe
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Koffler Scientific Reserve at Joker's Hill, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Courtney J Murren
- Department of Biology, College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina, 29424, USA
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Takahashi D, Teramine T, Sakaguchi S, Setoguchi H. Genetic data reveals a complex history of multiple admixture events in presently allopatric wild gingers (Asarum spp.) showing intertaxonomic clinal variation in calyx lobe length. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2019; 137:146-155. [PMID: 31075504 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Clinal variation is a major pattern of observed phenotypic diversity and identifying underlying demographic processes is a necessary step to understand the establishment of clinal variation. The wild ginger series Sakawanum (genus Asarum) comprises four taxa, which exhibit intertaxonomic clinal variation in calyx lobe length across two continental islands isolated by a sea strait. To test alternative hypotheses of the evolutionary history and to determine the implications for the formation of clinal variation, we conducted approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) analysis and ecological niche modeling (ENM). ABC analysis indicated that the scenario assuming multiple admixture events was strongly supported. This scenario assumed two admixture events occurred between morphologically distinct taxa, likely leading to the generation of intermediate taxa. One of the admixture events was estimated to have occurred during the last glacial maximum (LGM), during which the taxa were estimated to have formed a common refugia in southern areas by ENM analysis. Although four taxa are currently distributed allopatrically on different islands and trans-oceanic dispersal appears unlikely, the formation of a land bridge and the geographic range shift to refugia would have allowed secondary contact between previously isolated taxa. This study suggests that clinal variation can be shaped by demographic history including multiple admixtures due to climatic oscillations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Takahashi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Nihonmatsu, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | | | - Shota Sakaguchi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Nihonmatsu, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Setoguchi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Nihonmatsu, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Egan PA, Muola A, Stenberg JA. Capturing genetic variation in crop wild relatives: An evolutionary approach. Evol Appl 2018; 11:1293-1304. [PMID: 30151041 PMCID: PMC6099816 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Crop wild relatives (CWRs) offer novel genetic resources for crop improvement. To assist in the urgent need to collect and conserve CWR germplasm, we advance here the concept of an "evolutionary" approach. Central to this approach is the predictive use of spatial proxies of evolutionary processes (natural selection, gene flow and genetic drift) to locate and capture genetic variation. As a means to help validate this concept, we screened wild-collected genotypes of woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) in a common garden. A quantitative genetic approach was then used to test the ability of two such proxies-mesoclimatic variation (a proxy of natural selection) and landscape isolation and geographic distance between populations (proxies of gene flow potential)-to predict spatial genetic variation in three quantitative traits (plant size, early season flower number and flower frost tolerance). Our results indicated a significant but variable effect of mesoclimatic conditions in structuring genetic variation in the wild, in addition to other undetermined regional scale processes. As a proxy of gene flow potential, landscape isolation was also a likely determinant of observed patterns-as opposed to, and regardless of, geographic distance between populations. We conclude that harnessing proxies of adaptive and nonadaptive evolutionary processes could provide a robust and valuable means to identify genetic variation in CWRs. We thus advocate wider use and development of this approach amongst researchers, breeders and practitioners, to expedite the capture and in situ conservation of genetic resources provided by crop wild relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Egan
- Department of Plant Protection BiologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden
| | - Anne Muola
- Department of Plant Protection BiologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden
- Department of BiologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Johan A. Stenberg
- Department of Plant Protection BiologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlnarpSweden
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Exposito-Alonso M, Brennan AC, Alonso-Blanco C, Picó FX. Spatio-temporal variation in fitness responses to contrasting environments in Arabidopsis thaliana. Evolution 2018; 72:1570-1586. [PMID: 29947421 DOI: 10.1111/evo.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The evolutionary response of organisms to global climate change is expected to be strongly conditioned by preexisting standing genetic variation. In addition, natural selection imposed by global climate change on fitness-related traits can be heterogeneous over time. We estimated selection of life-history traits of an entire genetic lineage of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana occurring in north-western Iberian Peninsula that were transplanted over multiple years into two environmentally contrasting field sites in southern Spain, as southern environments are expected to move progressively northwards with climate change in the Iberian Peninsula. The results indicated that natural selection on flowering time prevailed over that on recruitment. Selection favored early flowering in six of eight experiments and late flowering in the other two. Such heterogeneity of selection for flowering time might be a powerful mechanism for maintaining genetic diversity in the long run. We also found that north-western A. thaliana accessions from warmer environments exhibited higher fitness and higher phenotypic plasticity for flowering time in southern experimental facilities. Overall, our transplant experiments suggested that north-western Iberian A. thaliana has the means to cope with increasingly warmer environments in the region as predicted by trends in global climate change models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moises Exposito-Alonso
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Adrian C Brennan
- School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos Alonso-Blanco
- Departamento de Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC),, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Xavier Picó
- Departamento de Ecología Integrativa, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 41092, Sevilla, Spain
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Polymorphic nuclear markers for coastal plant species with dynamic geographic distributions, the rock samphire (Crithmum maritimum) and the vulnerable dune pansy (Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii). Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:203-209. [PMID: 29404829 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4153-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Identifying spatial patterns of genetic differentiation across a species range is critical to set up conservation and restoration decision-making. This is especially timely, since global change triggers shifts in species' geographic distribution and in the geographical variation of mating system and patterns of genetic differentiation, with varying consequences at the trailing and leading edges of a species' distribution. Using 454 pyrosequencing, we developed nuclear microsatellite loci for two plant species showing a strictly coastal geographical distribution and contrasting range dynamics: the expanding rock samphire (Crithmum maritimum, 21 loci) and the highly endangered and receding dune pansy (Viola tricolor subsp. curtisii, 12 loci). Population genetic structure was then assessed by genotyping more than 100 individuals from four populations of each of the two target species. Rock samphire displayed high levels of genetic differentiation (FST = 0.38), and a genetic structure typical of a mostly selfing species (FIS ranging from 0.16 to 0.58). Populations of dune pansy showed a less pronounced level of population structuring (FST = 0.25) and a genotypic structure more suggestive of a mixed-mating system when excluding two loci with heterozygote excess. These results demonstrate that the genetic markers developed here are useful to assess the mating system of populations of these two species. They will be tools of choice to investigate phylogeographical patterns and variation in mating system over the geographical distribution ranges for two coastal plant species that are subject to dynamic evolution due to rapid contemporary global change.
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Takahashi D, Teramine T, Sakaguchi S, Setoguchi H. Relative contributions of neutral and non-neutral processes to clinal variation in calyx lobe length in the series Sakawanum (Asarum: Aristolochiaceae). ANNALS OF BOTANY 2018; 121:37-46. [PMID: 29186343 PMCID: PMC5786219 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcx122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aims Clines, the gradual variation in measurable traits along a geographical axis, play a major role in evolution and can contribute to our understanding of the relative roles of selective and neutral process in trait variation. Using genetic and morphological analyses, the relative contributions of neutral and non-neutral processes were explored to infer the evolutionary history of species of the series Sakawanum (genus Asarum), which shows significant clinal variation in calyx lobe length. Methods A total of 27 populations covering the natural geographical distribution of the series Sakawanum were sampled. Six nuclear microsatellite markers were used to investigate genetic structure and genetic diversity. The lengths of calyx lobes of multiple populations were measured to quantify their geographical and taxonomic differentiation. To detect the potential impact of selective pressure, morphological differentiation was compared with genetic differentiation (QCT-FST comparison). Key Results Average calyx lobe length of A. minamitanianum was 124.11 mm, while that of A. costatum was 13.80 mm. Though gradually changing along the geographical axis within series, calyx lobe lengths were significantly differentiated among the taxa. Genetic differentiation between taxa was low (FST = 0.099), but a significant geographical structure along the morphological cline was detected. Except for one taxon pair, pairwise QCT values were significantly higher than the neutral genetic measures of FST and G'ST. Conclusions Divergent selection may have driven the calyx lobe length variation in series Sakawanum taxa, although the underlying mechanism is still not clear. The low genetic differentiation indicates recent divergence and/or gene flows between geographically close taxa. These neutral processes would also affect the clinal variation in calyx lobe lengths. Overall, this study implies the roles of population history and divergent selection in shaping the current cline of a flower trait in the series Sakawanum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Takahashi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Nihonmatsu, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Shota Sakaguchi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Nihonmatsu, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Setoguchi
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Nihonmatsu, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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Helsen K, Acharya KP, Brunet J, Cousins SAO, Decocq G, Hermy M, Kolb A, Lemke IH, Lenoir J, Plue J, Verheyen K, De Frenne P, Graae BJ. Biotic and abiotic drivers of intraspecific trait variation within plant populations of three herbaceous plant species along a latitudinal gradient. BMC Ecol 2017; 17:38. [PMID: 29233135 PMCID: PMC5727960 DOI: 10.1186/s12898-017-0151-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The importance of intraspecific trait variation (ITV) is increasingly acknowledged among plant ecologists. However, our understanding of what drives ITV between individual plants (ITVBI) at the population level is still limited. Contrasting theoretical hypotheses state that ITVBI can be either suppressed (stress-reduced plasticity hypothesis) or enhanced (stress-induced variability hypothesis) under high abiotic stress. Similarly, other hypotheses predict either suppressed (niche packing hypothesis) or enhanced ITVBI (individual variation hypothesis) under high niche packing in species rich communities. In this study we assess the relative effects of both abiotic and biotic niche effects on ITVBI of four functional traits (leaf area, specific leaf area, plant height and seed mass), for three herbaceous plant species across a 2300 km long gradient in Europe. The study species were the slow colonizing Anemone nemorosa, a species with intermediate colonization rates, Milium effusum, and the fast colonizing, non-native Impatiens glandulifera. Results Climatic stress consistently increased ITVBI across species and traits. Soil nutrient stress, on the other hand, reduced ITVBI for A. nemorosa and I. glandulifera, but had a reversed effect for M. effusum. We furthermore observed a reversed effect of high niche packing on ITVBI for the fast colonizing non-native I. glandulifera (increased ITVBI), as compared to the slow colonizing native A. nemorosa and M. effusum (reduced ITVBI). Additionally, ITVBI in the fast colonizing species tended to be highest for the vegetative traits plant height and leaf area, but lowest for the measured generative trait seed mass. Conclusions This study shows that stress can both reduce and increase ITVBI, seemingly supporting both the stress-reduced plasticity and stress-induced variability hypotheses. Similarly, niche packing effects on ITVBI supported both the niche packing hypothesis and the individual variation hypothesis. These results clearly illustrates the importance of simultaneously evaluating both abiotic and biotic factors on ITVBI. This study adds to the growing realization that within-population trait variation should not be ignored and can provide valuable ecological insights. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12898-017-0151-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Helsen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7034, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Kamal P Acharya
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7034, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jörg Brunet
- Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 49, 230 53, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Sara A O Cousins
- Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Guillaume Decocq
- Edysan (FRE 3498 CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 1 rue des Louvels, 80037, Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Martin Hermy
- Division Forest, Nature and Landscape Research, Department Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Annette Kolb
- Vegetation Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Ecology, FB 02, University of Bremen, Leobener Strasse 5, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Isgard H Lemke
- Vegetation Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Ecology, FB 02, University of Bremen, Leobener Strasse 5, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Jonathan Lenoir
- Edysan (FRE 3498 CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 1 rue des Louvels, 80037, Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Jan Plue
- Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kris Verheyen
- Forest & Nature Lab, Ghent University, Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267, 9090, Gontrode-Melle, Belgium
| | - Pieter De Frenne
- Forest & Nature Lab, Ghent University, Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267, 9090, Gontrode-Melle, Belgium.,Department of Plant Production, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 22, 9090, Melle, Belgium
| | - Bente J Graae
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7034, Trondheim, Norway
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Johnson JS, Gaddis KD, Cairns DM, Konganti K, Krutovsky KV. Landscape genomic insights into the historic migration of mountain hemlock in response to Holocene climate change. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2017; 104:439-450. [PMID: 28325831 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1600262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Untangling alternative historic dispersal pathways in long-lived tree species is critical to better understand how temperate tree species may respond to climatic change. However, disentangling these alternative pathways is often difficult. Emerging genomic technologies and landscape genetics techniques improve our ability to assess these pathways in natural systems. We address the question to what degree have microrefugial patches and long-distance dispersal been responsible for the colonization of mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana) on the Alaskan Kenai Peninsula. METHODS We used double-digest restriction-associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) to identify genetic variants across eight mountain hemlock sample sites on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. We assessed genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium using landscape and population genetics approaches. Alternative historic dispersal pathways were assessed using discriminant analysis of principle components and electrical circuit theory. KEY RESULTS A combination of decreasing diversity, high gene flow, and landscape connectivity indicates that mountain hemlock colonization on the Kenai Peninsula is the result of long-distance dispersal. We found that contemporary climate best explained gene flow patterns and that isolation by resistance was a better model explaining genetic variation than isolation by distance. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the conclusion that mountain hemlock colonization is the result of several long-distance dispersal events following Pleistocene glaciation. The high dispersal capability suggests that mountain hemlock may be able to respond to future climate change and expand its range as new habitat opens along its northern distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy S Johnson
- Department of Geography, Texas A&M University, 810 Eller O&M Building, MS 3147 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843-3147 USA
| | - Keith D Gaddis
- Department of Geography, Texas A&M University, 810 Eller O&M Building, MS 3147 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843-3147 USA
| | - David M Cairns
- Department of Geography, Texas A&M University, 810 Eller O&M Building, MS 3147 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843-3147 USA
| | - Kranti Konganti
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University Veterinary Medical Research Building, MS 2470 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77433-2470 USA
| | - Konstantin V Krutovsky
- Department of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Ecosystem Science & Management, Texas A&M University, 305 Horticulture and Forest Science Building, MS 2138 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843-2138 USA
- N. I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkina Str., Moscow 119333, Russia
- Genome Research and Education Center, Siberian Federal University, 50a/2 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
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