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Sheethal G, Verma A, Mall R, Parsa KV, Tokala RK, Bynigeri R, Pondugala PK, Vemula K, Sai Latha S, Sowpati DT, Singh SS, Rao GV, Talukdar R, Kanneganti TD, Reddy DN, Sasikala M. Modulation of Nuclear Receptor 4A1 Expression Improves Insulin Secretion in a Mouse Model of Chronic Pancreatitis. Pancreas 2024; 53:e760-e773. [PMID: 38710022 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diabetes secondary to chronic pancreatitis (CP) presents clinical challenges due to lack of understanding on factor(s) triggering insulin secretory defects. Therefore, we aimed to delineate the molecular mechanism of β-cell dysfunction in CP. MATERIALS AND METHODS Transcriptomic analysis was conducted to identify endocrine-specific receptor expression in mice and human CP on microarray. The identified receptor (NR4A1) was overexpressed in MIN6 cells using PEI linear transfection. RNA-Seq analysis of NR4A1-overexpressed (OE) MIN6 cells on NovaSeq6000 identified aberrant metabolic pathways. Upstream trigger for NR4A1OE was studied by InBio Discover and cytokine exposure, whereas downstream effect was examined by Fura2 AM-based fluorimetric and imaging studies. Mice with CP were treated with IFN-γ-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to assess NR4A1 expression and insulin secretion. RESULTS Increased expression of NR4A1 associated with decreased insulin secretion in islets (humans: controls 9 ± 0.2, CP 3.7 ± 0.2, mice: controls 8.5 ± 0.2, CP 2.1 ± 0.1 μg/L). NR4A1OE in MIN6 cells (13.2 ± 0.1) showed reduction in insulin secretion (13 ± 5 to 0.2 ± 0.1 μg/mg protein per minute, P = 0.001) and downregulation of calcium and cAMP signaling pathways. IFN-γ was identified as upstream signal for NR4A1OE in MIN6. Mice treated with IFN-γ-neutralizing antibodies showed decreased NR4A1 expression 3.4 ± 0.11-fold ( P = 0.03), showed improved insulin secretion (4.4 ± 0.2-fold, P = 0.01), and associated with increased Ca 2+ levels (2.39 ± 0.06-fold, P = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS Modulating NR4A1 expression can be a promising therapeutic strategy to improve insulin secretion in CP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Archana Verma
- CSIR-CCMB, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Raghvendra Mall
- Department of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Kishore Vl Parsa
- Centre for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences
| | | | - Ratnakar Bynigeri
- Department of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | | | | | - S Sai Latha
- Centre for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences
| | - Divya Tej Sowpati
- CSIR-CCMB, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - G V Rao
- Asian Institute of Gastroenterology (AIG Hospitals), Hyderabad, India
| | - Rupjyoti Talukdar
- Asian Institute of Gastroenterology (AIG Hospitals), Hyderabad, India
| | | | - D Nageshwar Reddy
- Asian Institute of Gastroenterology (AIG Hospitals), Hyderabad, India
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Jia Y, Shi Y, Wang J, Liu H, Huang Y, Wang H, Liu Y, Peng J. Integrating metagenomics with metabolomics for gut microbiota and metabolites profiling in acute pancreatitis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21491. [PMID: 39277616 PMCID: PMC11401878 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72057-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas. Despite of a steadily increasing in morbidity and mortality, there is still no effective therapy. Gut microbial dysbiosis and its derived-metabolites disorder have been shown to play an important role in the development of AP, however, little is known regarding the crosstalk between gut microbiota and metabolites. In this study, we assessed the alterations in gut microbiota and metabolites by constructing three AP mouse models by means of metagenomic and metabolomic sequencing, and further clarified their relationship by correlation analysis. The results revealed that each model exhibited unique flora and metabolite profiles. KEGG analysis showed that the differential flora and metabolite-enriched pathway functions were correlated with lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Moreover, two core differential bacterial species on Burkholderiales bacterium YL45 and Bifidobacterium pseudolongum along with eleven differential metabolites appeared to exert certain effects during the course of AP. In conclusion, further exploration of the crosstalk between microbiota and derived metabolites may provide novel insights and strategies into the diagnosis and treatment of AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yuxin Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Honghui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yilin Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Hanyue Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Liu L, Liu H, Zhao M, Wen J, Liu J, Lv G, Xiao Z, Wang W, Zu S, Sun W, Zhang X, Gong L. Functional Upregulation of TRPM3 Channels Contributes to Acute Pancreatitis-associated Pain and Inflammation. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02138-8. [PMID: 39259394 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02138-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential melastatin M3 (TRPM3) channels have been recognized as a pain transducer in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in recent years. TRPM3 activation initiates neurogenic inflammation and is required for the development of inflammatory hyperalgesia. We aimed to evaluate the role of TRPM3 in pancreas sensory afferents in pancreatic nociception, neurogenic inflammation, and acute pancreatitis (AP)-associated pain. AP was induced by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of L-arginine in rats. TRPM3 expression in pancreatic DRG neurons, spontaneous or mechanical-stimulation-evoked pain behaviors, and the extent of inflammation were evaluated. We found that TRPM3 channels were expressed on pancreatic primary afferent nerve terminals containing calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Activation of TRPM3 in the pancreas by injection of its specific agonist CIM0216 (10 μM) induced pain, CGRP and substance P release, and neurogenic inflammation, as evidenced by edema, plasma extravasation, and inflammatory cell accumulation in the pancreas. Increased TRPM3 functional expression was detected in pancreatic DRG neurons from AP rats, and blocking TRPM3 activity with its antagonist (Primidone, 5 mg/kg, i.p.) attenuated AP-associated pain behaviors and pancreatic inflammation. Pre-incubation of pancreatic DRG neurons with nerve growth factor (NGF) enhanced the increase in intracellular Ca2+ induced by the TRPM3 agonist (CIM0216, 1 μM). Our findings indicate that, in addition to TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels, TRPM3 is another pain channel that has a critical role in pancreatic nociception, neurogenic inflammation, and AP-associated pain behaviors. TRPM3 may be a promising pharmaceutical target for AP pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, PR, China
| | - Hanwen Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, PR, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, PR, China
| | - Jiliang Wen
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, PR, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, PR, China
| | - Guangda Lv
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, PR, China
| | - Zhiying Xiao
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, PR, China
| | - Wenzhen Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, PR, China
| | - Shulu Zu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, PR, China
| | - Wendong Sun
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, PR, China
| | - Xiulin Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, PR, China
| | - Liping Gong
- Department of Academic Research, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, PR, China.
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Eltahir HM, Elbadawy HM, Almikhlafi MA, Alalawi AM, Aldhafiri AJ, Alahmadi YM, Al thagfan SS, Albadrani M, M Eweda S, Abouzied MM. Sitagliptin ameliorates L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis via modulating inflammatory cytokines expression and combating oxidative stress. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1389670. [PMID: 38910880 PMCID: PMC11190672 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1389670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory condition that resolves spontaneously, but occasionally, develops into systemic inflammation, organ failure and mortality. Oxidative stress and activation of inflammatory pathways represent major players in AP pathogenesis. Current management of AP relies on attenuating injuries to the pancreas and putting the inflammatory process under control. In this study, we investigated the role of sitagliptin in modulating L-arginine-induced AP in rats. Methods Swiss rats were subdivided into a healthy control group, AP group (a single dose of L-arginine 250 mg/100 g, intraperitoneal), and sitagliptin + L-arginine-treated group (10 mg sitagliptin/kg body weight/day, orally). Sitagliptin treatment started 1 hour after L-arginine injection and continued for 3days. Biochemical and histopathological investigations were performed on serum and tissue samples collected from test animals. Results L-arginine increased pancreatic meyloperoxidase and serum amylase- and lipase activities and serum levels of TNF-α, LT-α, IFN-γ, IL-1α/β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and IL-15. AP animals showed elevated MDA and NO and decreased GSH and serum calcium levels. Histopathological changes were observed by H&E staining. Sitagliptin treatment significantly ameliorated these biochemical and histological changes diminishing the signs of AP. Conclusion Sitagliptin treatment was effective in ameliorating L-arginine-induced AP which can be regarded to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M. Eltahir
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (Biochemistry Subdivision), College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossein M. Elbadawy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohannad A. Almikhlafi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M. Alalawi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed J. Aldhafiri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yaser M. Alahmadi
- Department of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan S. Al thagfan
- Department of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muayad Albadrani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saber M Eweda
- 5Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mekky M. Abouzied
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (Biochemistry Subdivision), College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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5
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Stojanović NM, Mitić KV, Nešić M, Stanković M, Petrović V, Baralić M, Randjelović PJ, Sokolović D, Radulović N. Oregano ( Origanum vulgare) Essential Oil and Its Constituents Prevent Rat Kidney Tissue Injury and Inflammation Induced by a High Dose of L-Arginine. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:941. [PMID: 38256015 PMCID: PMC10815453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the protective action of oregano (Origanum vulgare) essential oil and its monoterpene constituents (thymol and carvacrol) in L-arginine-induced kidney damage by studying inflammatory and tissue damage parameters. The determination of biochemical markers that reflect kidney function, i.e., serum levels of urea and creatinine, tissue levels of neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), as well as a panel of oxidative-stress-related and inflammatory biomarkers, was performed. Furthermore, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses of kidneys obtained from different experimental groups were conducted. Pre-treatment with the investigated compounds prevented an L-arginine-induced increase in serum and tissue kidney damage markers and, additionally, decreased the levels of inflammation-related parameters (TNF-α and nitric oxide concentrations and myeloperoxidase activity). Micromorphological kidney tissue changes correlate with the alterations observed in the biochemical parameters, as well as the expression of CD95 in tubule cells and CD68 in inflammatory infiltrate cells. The present results revealed that oregano essential oil, thymol, and carvacrol exert nephroprotective activity, which could be, to a great extent, associated with their anti-inflammatory, antiradical scavenging, and antiapoptotic action and, above all, due to their ability to lessen the disturbances arising from acute pancreatic damage. Further in-depth studies are needed in order to provide more detailed explanations of the observed activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola M. Stojanović
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia;
| | - Katarina V. Mitić
- Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry “Ivan Djaja”, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Milica Nešić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia; (M.N.); (N.R.)
| | - Milica Stanković
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia;
| | - Vladimir Petrović
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia;
| | - Marko Baralić
- School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Department of Nephrology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Pavle J. Randjelović
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia;
| | - Dušan Sokolović
- Institute for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia;
| | - Niko Radulović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia; (M.N.); (N.R.)
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Mostafa RE, Abdelrahmen SS, Saleh DO. L-Arginine-induced acute pancreatitis and its associated lung injury in rats: Down-regulation of TLR-4/MAPK-p38/JNK signaling pathway via Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 27:959-966. [PMID: 38911245 PMCID: PMC11193502 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2024.76162.16480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an abrupt inflammatory condition characterized by a storm of inflammatory cytokines leading to high morbidity and mortality. The current study aimed to examine the efficacy of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761 (GBE) in the treatment of L-arginine-induced AP and its associated lung injury. Materials and Methods Forty rats were randomly assigned into four groups. The normal group received only saline intraperitoneally while the other groups received two intraperitoneal L-arginine injections (250 mg/100 g b.wt) separated by a 1-hour interval to provoke AP. GBE (200 and 400 mg/kg/day, PO) was administered for 2 weeks post-induction of pancreatitis. Sera and pancreatic tissues were isolated. Results The outcome of the present study revealed that GBE ameliorated the elevated levels of serum amylase, lipase, and pancreatic inflammatory mediators viz., tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), mitogen-activated protein kinase P38 (MAPK-P38), c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). Moreover, GBE restored the pancreatic gene expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and prostatic acid phosphatase-2 (PAP-2). Pancreatic and lung histopathological examinations confirmed the aforementioned parameters. Conclusion GBE interfered with the mechanistic pathway of L-arginine-induced acute pancreatic and its associated lung injury. Due to its anti-inflammatory properties, GBE can be used as a novel therapeutic candidate for the treatment of AP through down-regulating TLR-4/MAPK-p38/JNK and MAPK- p38/NF-κB signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Ezzat Mostafa
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Dalia Osama Saleh
- Pharmacology Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), Cairo, Egypt
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7
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Mores MG, Fikry EM, El-Gendy AO, Mohamed WR, Badary OA. Probiotics mixture and taurine attenuate L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis in rats: Impact on transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV-1)/IL-33/NF-κB signaling and apoptosis. Tissue Cell 2023; 85:102234. [PMID: 37844391 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disorder of acinar cells. It may develop into severe chronic pancreatitis with a significant mortality rate. The current study aimed to assess the therapeutic effect of a Lactobacillus (LAB) mixture against rat AP. Six groups were created including control, taurine (300 mg/kg; i.p.) for 7 days, LAB mixture for 7 days, L-arginine (2.5 g/kg; i.p.) 2 doses with 1 h interval on 1st day, L-arginine+taurine, and L-arginine+LAB. Serum amylase and lipase activities were measured. Pancreatic tissue was used for histopathological examination, oxidative stress biomarkers including malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH), and inflammatory biomarkers including myeloperoxidase (MPO) and interleukin (IL)-33 assessment. qRT-PCR was used for transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV-1) investigation and Western blot analysis for measuring nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κBp65) and the apoptosis biomarker; caspase-3. Taurine and LAB reduced lipase and significantly ameliorated induced oxidative stress by normalizing MDA and GSH contents. They counteracted inflammation by reducing MPO, IL-33, NF-κBp65, and TRPV-1. In addition, taurine and LAB counteracted apoptosis as proved by reduced caspase-3 expression. Taken together, these findings indicate that taurine and the use LAB mixture can mitigate AP by L-arginine via influencing TRPV-1/IL-33/NF-κB signaling together with exhibiting potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvy G Mores
- Pharmacology Department, Egyptian Drug Authority, (previously, National Organization for Drug Control and Research), Giza, Egypt
| | - Ebtehal Mohammad Fikry
- Pharmacology Department, Egyptian Drug Authority, (previously, National Organization for Drug Control and Research), Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed O El-Gendy
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Osama A Badary
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo, Egypt; Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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8
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Zheng J, Tan Z, Wu J, Liu J, Yang T, Yang H. Polystyrene microplastics aggravate acute pancreatitis in mice. Toxicology 2023; 491:153513. [PMID: 37075930 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) with a diameter of < 5mm are emerging as a new type of environmental pollutants. With the discovery of MPs in human tissues, the health risks of MPs have attracted considerable attention in recent years. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of MPs on acute pancreatitis (AP). We exposed male mice to 100 and 1000μg/L polystyrene MPs for 28 days, then intraperitoneally injected mice with cerulein to develop acute pancreatitis (AP). The results demonstrated that MPs dose-dependently exacerbated pancreatic injuries and inflammation in AP. High-dose MPs significantly increased intestinal barrier disruption in AP mice, which may be partly responsible for the aggravation of AP. Moreover, through tandem mass tag (TMT)- based proteomics of pancreatic tissues, we screened 101 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between AP mice and high-dose MPs-treated AP mice. Gene Ontology and KEGG Pathway analysis revealed that the DEPs were mainly implicated in the molecular events including cytoskeleton organization, acute inflammatory response, arginine metabolism, etc. These mechanisms may also contribute to the aggravating AP effects of MPs. Collectively, our data provide new evidence for the harmful potential of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyuan Zheng
- Department of gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhenlin Tan
- Department of gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianyu Wu
- Department of gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, Guangdong Province, China.
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9
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Al-Hashem F, Abd Ellatif M, ShamsEldeen AM, Kamar SS, Al-Ani B, Haidara MA. Vitamin E protects against the modulation of TNF-α-AMPK axis and inhibits pancreas injury in a rat model of L-arginine-induced acute necrotising pancreatitis. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:148-156. [PMID: 32783662 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1806330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis (AP) associated with the modulation of TNF-α-AMPK axis in the presence and absence of vitamin E has not been investigated before. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rats were either injected with L-arginine (2.5 gm/kg) before being sacrificed after 48 h or were pre-treated with vitamin E (60 mg/kg) and continued receiving vitamin E until the end of the experiment. RESULTS AP was developed as demonstrated by infiltration of inflammatory cells and profound pancreas tissue damage, which were substantially protected by vitamin E. In addition, L-arginine injections significantly (p < .0001) increased the expression of TNF-α mRNA and protein, and decreased phospho-AMPK and IL-10 mRNA and protein that was significantly (p < .0001) protected by vitamin E. Furthermore, vitamin E inhibited L-arginine-induced blood levels of LDH, amylase, and myeloperoxidase. CONCLUSIONS L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis modulates TNF-α-AMPK axis, IL-10 and other AP biomarkers, which is protected by vitamin E; thus, may offer therapeutic potential in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahaid Al-Hashem
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Abd Ellatif
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M ShamsEldeen
- Department of Physiology, Kasr Al-Aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samaa S Kamar
- Department of Medical Histology, Kasr Al-Aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bahjat Al-Ani
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Haidara
- Department of Physiology, Kasr Al-Aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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10
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Al-Hashem F. Metformin Ameliorates Infiltration of Inflammatory Cells and Pancreatic Injury Biomarkers Induced by L-Arginine. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.1038.1046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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11
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Fawzy HA, Mohammed AA, Fawzy HM, Fikry EM. Reorienting of pramipexole as a promising therapy for acute pancreatitis in a rat model by suppressing TLR-4\NF-κB p65\NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 100:542-552. [PMID: 35413206 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute pancreatitis (AP), a disorder of global importance, has a growing incidence and prevalence, particularly in the western world. Its complications include pseudo-cysts and chronic pancreatitis. Pramipexole (PMX), a D2/3 receptor selecting agonist used in Parkinsonism, has reported anti-inflammatory effects lately. PURPOSE Exploring the potential curative role of PMX in an l-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis rat model besides a possible mechanistic pathway. METHODS Rats were divided randomly into three groups: control, l-arginine, and "l-arginine + PMX". 7 days after AP induction, rats decapitated and estimated for serum amylase, lipase, glucose, pancreatic inflammatory mediators "toll-like receptor-4, nuclear factor- kappa B p65 ,serum tumor necrosis factor-α, NLRP3 inflammasome, caspase-1, interleukin-1 beta, oxidative biomarkers "malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, nitrite/nitrate, reduced glutathione, and the apoptotic marker "caspase-3", with pancreatic histopathological changes. RESULTS L-arginine mediated AP proved by elevated serum lipase and amylase, pancreatic inflammatory, oxidative and apoptotic markers with infiltration of inflammatory cells using hematoxylin and eosin stain. PMX improved all these adverse signs of AP greatly. CONCLUSION PMX might be considered as an innovative therapy for AP due to its remarkable antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects, which are attributed to the suppression of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asmaa A Mohammed
- Al-Azhar University, 68820, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cairo, Egypt;
| | - Hala M Fawzy
- NODCAR, 204596, Department of Pharmacology, Giza, Egypt;
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12
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Wang L, Xu T, Wang R, Wang X, Wu D. Hypertriglyceridemia Acute Pancreatitis: Animal Experiment Research. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:761-772. [PMID: 33939144 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-06928-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the number of acute pancreatitis cases caused by hypertriglyceridemia has increased gradually, which has caught the attention of the medical community. However, because the exact mechanism of hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis (HTG-AP) is not clear, treatment and prevention in clinical practice face enormous challenges. Animal models are useful for elucidating the pathogenesis of diseases and developing and testing novel interventions. Therefore, animal experiments have become the key research means for us to understand and treat this disease. We searched almost all HTG-AP animal models by collecting many studies and finally collated common animals such as rats, mice and included some rare animals that are not commonly used, summarizing the methods to model spontaneous pancreatitis and induce pancreatitis. We sorted them on the basis of three aspects, including the selection of different animals, analyzed the characteristics of different animals, different approaches to establish hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis and their relative advantages and disadvantages, and introduced the applications of these models in studies of pathogenesis and drug therapy. We hope this review can provide relevant comparisons and analyses for researchers who intend to carry out animal experiments and will help researchers to select and establish more suitable animal experimental models according to their own experimental design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ruifeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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13
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Yang J, Tang X, Wu Q, Ren P, Yan Y. A Severe Acute Pancreatitis Mouse Model Transited from Mild Symptoms Induced by a “Two-Hit” Strategy with L-Arginine. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12010126. [PMID: 35054519 PMCID: PMC8779052 DOI: 10.3390/life12010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
To develop a severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) model transited from mild symptoms, we investigated a “two-hit” strategy with L-arginine in mice. The mice were intraperitoneally injected with ice-cold L-arginine (4 g/kg) twice at an interval of 1 h on the first day and subjected to the repeated operation 72 h afterwards. The results showed the “two-hit” strategy resulted in the destructive damage and extensive necrosis of acinar cells in the pancreas compared with the “one-hit” model. Meanwhile, excessive levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, namely IL-6 and TNF-α, were released in the serum. Remarkably, additional deleterious effects on multiple organs were observed, including high intestinal permeability, kidney injury, and severe acute lung injury. Therefore, we confirmed that the SAP animal model triggered by a “two-hit” strategy with L-arginine was successfully established, providing a solid foundation for a deeper understanding of SAP initiation and therapy research to prevent worsening of the disease.
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14
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Yang G, Zhang X. Trimethylamine N-oxide promotes hyperlipidemia acute pancreatitis via inflammatory response. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 100:61-67. [PMID: 34793682 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite of gut microbiota, is involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism and inflammatory response; however, the role of TMAO in hyperlipidemia acute pancreatitis (HAP) is not clear. In this study, HAP mice were used as an animal model to explore the effects and possible mechanism of TMAO on HAP, which may provide new ideas for the treatment of HAP. Results found that the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, nonestesterified fatty acid, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, α-amylase, TMAO, and flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 were significantly increased, the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and insulin were significantly decreased, and there was an obvious pancreatic injury and inflammatory response in the model group. The choline analogue 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol (DMB) treatment reversed the changes of serum biochemical parameters, alleviated the pancreatic tissue injury, and reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Further studies of toll-like receptor (TLR)/p-glycoprotein 65 (p65) pathway found that the expressions of TLR2, TLR4, and p-p65/p65 in the model group were significantly increased, which was more obvious after Escherichia coli (Migula) Castellani & Chalmers treatment, while activation of the TLR/p65 pathway was inhibited by DMB. The results indicated that TMAO promotes HAP by promoting inflammatory response through TLR/p65 signaling pathway, suggesting that TMAO may be a potential target of HAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
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15
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Borrello MT, Martin MB, Pin CL. The unfolded protein response: An emerging therapeutic target for pancreatitis and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Pancreatology 2022; 22:148-159. [PMID: 34774415 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatitis is a debilitating disease involving inflammation and fibrosis of the exocrine pancreas. Recurrent or chronic forms of pancreatitis are a significant risk factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. While genetic factors have been identified for both pathologies, environmental stresses play a large role in their etiology. All cells have adapted mechanisms to handle acute environmental stress that alters energy demands. A common pathway involved in the stress response involves endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR). While rapidly activated by many external stressors, in the pancreas the UPR plays a fundamental biological role, likely due to the high protein demands in acinar cells. Despite this, increased UPR activity is observed in response to acute injury or following exposure to risk factors associated with pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. Studies in animal and cell cultures models show the importance of affecting the UPR in the context of both diseases, and inhibitors have been developed for several specific mediators of the UPR. Given the importance of the UPR to normal acinar cell function, efforts to affect the UPR in the context of disease must be able to specifically target pathology vs. physiology. In this review, we highlight the importance of the UPR to normal and pathological conditions of the exocrine pancreas. We discuss recent studies suggesting the UPR may be involved in the initiation and progression of pancreatitis and PDAC, as well as contributing to chemoresistance that occurs in pancreatic cancer. Finally, we discuss the potential of targeting the UPR for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Teresa Borrello
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Mickenzie B Martin
- Depts. of Physiology and Pharmacology, Paediatrics, and Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, Canada; Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher L Pin
- Depts. of Physiology and Pharmacology, Paediatrics, and Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, Canada; Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.
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16
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Tarasiuk A, Talar M, Bulak K, Fichna J. Ghee Butter from Bovine Colostrum Reduces Inflammation in the Mouse Model of Acute Pancreatitis with Potential Involvement of Free Fatty Acid Receptors. Nutrients 2021; 13:3271. [PMID: 34579147 PMCID: PMC8468552 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease that causes severe tissue damage. Ghee butter from bovine colostrum (GBBC) is a clarified butter produced by heating milk fat to 40 °C and separating the precipitating protein. As colostrum mainly contains fatty acids (FAs), immunoglobulins, maternal immune cells, and cytokines, we hypothesized that it may exert anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated the effects of GBBC on experimental AP in mice. Two intraperitoneal (ip) injections of L-arginine (8%) were given 1 h apart to generate the AP murine model. After 12 h from the first L-arginine injection, mice were divided into the following experimental groups: AP mice treated with GBBC (oral gavage (po) every 12 h) and non-treated AP mice (po vehicle every 12 h). Control animals received vehicle only. At 72 h, mice were euthanized. Histopathological examination along with myeloperoxidase (MPO) and amylase/lipase activity assays were performed. In a separate set of experiments, FFAR1 and FFAR4 antagonists were used to verify the involvement of respective receptors. Administration of GBBC decreased MPO activity in the pancreas and lungs along with the microscopical severity of AP in mice. Moreover, treatment with GBBC normalized pancreatic enzyme activity. FFAR1 and FFAR4 antagonists tended to reverse the anti-inflammatory effect of GBBC in mouse AP. Our results suggest that GBBC displays anti-inflammatory effects in the mouse model of AP, with the putative involvement of FFARs. This is the first study to show the anti-inflammatory potential of a nutritional supplement derived from GBBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Tarasiuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (A.T.); (M.T.)
| | - Marcin Talar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (A.T.); (M.T.)
| | - Kamila Bulak
- Department of Pathomorphology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (A.T.); (M.T.)
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17
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Neuhöfer P, Roake CM, Kim SJ, Lu RJ, West RB, Charville GW, Artandi SE. Acinar cell clonal expansion in pancreas homeostasis and carcinogenesis. Nature 2021; 597:715-719. [PMID: 34526722 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03916-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide1. Studies in human tissues and in mouse models have suggested that for many cancers, stem cells sustain early mutations driving tumour development2,3. For the pancreas, however, mechanisms underlying cellular renewal and initiation of PDAC remain unresolved. Here, using lineage tracing from the endogenous telomerase reverse transcriptase (Tert) locus, we identify a rare TERT-positive subpopulation of pancreatic acinar cells dispersed throughout the exocrine compartment. During homeostasis, these TERThigh acinar cells renew the pancreas by forming expanding clones of acinar cells, whereas randomly marked acinar cells do not form these clones. Specific expression of mutant Kras in TERThigh acinar cells accelerates acinar clone formation and causes transdifferentiation to ductal pre-invasive pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasms by upregulating Ras-MAPK signalling and activating the downstream kinase ERK (phospho-ERK). In resected human pancreatic neoplasms, we find that foci of phospho-ERK-positive acinar cells are common and frequently contain activating KRAS mutations, suggesting that these acinar regions represent an early cancer precursor lesion. These data support a model in which rare TERThigh acinar cells may sustain KRAS mutations, driving acinar cell expansion and creating a field of aberrant cells initiating pancreatic tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Neuhöfer
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Caitlin M Roake
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stewart J Kim
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ryan J Lu
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Robert B West
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gregory W Charville
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Steven E Artandi
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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18
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Untargeted Metabolomics for the Diagnosis of Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency in Chronic Pancreatitis. MEDICINA-LITHUANIA 2021; 57:medicina57090876. [PMID: 34577799 PMCID: PMC8470962 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57090876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The clinical manifestations and course of chronic pancreatitis (CP) are often nonspecific and variable, hampering diagnosis of the risk of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI). Development of new, reproducible, and non-invasive methods to diagnose EPI is therefore a major priority. The objective of this metabolomic study was to identify novel biomarkers associated with EPI. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 53 samples from patients with CP, 32 with and 21 without EPI, using an untargeted metabolomics workflow based on hydrophilic interaction chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. Principal component and partial least squares-discriminant analyses showed significant between-group differentiation, and univariate and multivariate analyses identified potential candidate metabolites that significantly differed between samples from CP patients with EPI and those without EPI. Results: Excellent results were obtained using a six-metabolic panel to diagnose the presence of EPI in CP patients (area under the ROC curve = 0.785). Conclusions: This study confirms the usefulness of metabolomics in this disease setting, allowing the identification of novel biomarkers to differentiate between the presence and absence of EPI in CP patients.
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19
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Tarasiuk A, Bulak K, Talar M, Fichna J. Chlorogenic acid reduces inflammation in murine model of acute pancreatitis. Pharmacol Rep 2021; 73:1448-1456. [PMID: 34383255 PMCID: PMC8460566 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-021-00320-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis (AP) initiation and progression is still unknown, and effective treatment is limited to supportive care. Many phytochemicals have the potential to alleviate AP symptoms and may be a useful and effective supplement to standard AP treatment. The objective of the study was to examine the potential role of chlorogenic acid (CGA), a polyphenol known for anti-inflammatory effect, in the treatment of experimental AP in mice. METHODS Two intraperitoneal (ip) injections of L-arginine (dosage 400 mg/100 g BW) were given 1 h apart to generate the AP murine model. Mice were separated into two experimental groups after 12 h from the first L-arginine injection: AP mice treated with CGA (oral gavage (po) every 12 h; 20 mg/kg BW) and non-treated AP mice (po vehicle, 5% dimethyl sulfoxide every 12 h). Every 12 h, control mice were given an equivalent volume of vehicle. At 72 h, mice were slaughtered. Histology, as well as myeloperoxidase (MPO) and amylase activity assays, were performed on pancreatic tissues. RESULTS In murine mouse model of AP po administration of CGA decreased MPO vs. AP (40.40 ± 2.10 U vs. 7.39 ± 0.34; p < 0.001) as well as amylase activity vs. AP (1444 ± 56 mU/mL vs. 3340 ± 144 mU/mL, Fig. 2B; p < 0.001). When comparing CGA mice to AP mice, histological research demonstrated that the severity of AP was reduced following CGA treatment. CONCLUSIONS The current study found that CGA might have anti-inflammatory effect on L-arginine-induced pancreatitis. Dietary intervention with CGA may be advised as a supportive treatment for AP, according to our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Tarasiuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Kamila Bulak
- Sub-Department of Pathomorphology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Department and Clinic of Animal Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin Talar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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20
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Abdelmageed ME, Nader MA, Zaghloul MS. Targeting HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway by protocatechuic acid protects against l-arginine induced acute pancreatitis and multiple organs injury in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 906:174279. [PMID: 34197778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common pancreatic inflammation associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. AP may be mild or severe which can spread systemically causing multiple organs failure (MOF) and even death. In the current study, protocatechuic acid (PCA), a natural phenolic acid, was investigated for its possible protective potential against L-arginine induced AP and multiple organs injury (MOI) in rats. AP was induced by L-arginine (500 mg/100 g, ip). Two dose levels of PCA were tested (50 and 100 mg/kg, oral, 10 days before L-arginine injection). PCA successfully protected against L-arginine induced AP and MOI that was manifested by normalizing pancreatic, hepatic, pulmonary, and renal tissue architecture and restoring the normal values of pancreatic enzymes (amylase and lipase), serum total protein, liver enzymes (alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST)) and kidney function biomarkers (blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Cr)) that were significantly elevated upon L-arginine administration. Additionally, PCA restored balanced oxidant/antioxidants status that was disrupted by L-arginine and normalized pancreatic levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) content. Moreover, PCA significantly decreased L-arginine induced elevation in pancreatic high motility group box protein 1 (HMGB1), toll like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression. PCA significantly ameliorated L-arginine-induced AP and MOI through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB was the major pathway involved in the observed protective potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa E Abdelmageed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Manar A Nader
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Marwa S Zaghloul
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
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21
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Veena G, Challa SR, Palatheeya S, Prudhivi R, Kadari A. Granny Smith Apple Extract Lowers Inflammation and Improves Antioxidant Status in L-arginine-induced Exocrine Pancreatic Dysfunction in Rats. Turk J Pharm Sci 2021; 18:262-270. [PMID: 34157815 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.92145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Granny Smith is a cultivated hybrid variety of apple with a high antioxidant content relative to all other species of apple. Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an instantly emerging inflammatory condition with a high mortality rate. The preferred treatment is restricted to symptomatic relief and supportive care. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the favorable effects of Granny Smith apple extract (GSAE) as a prophylactic treatment for L-arginine-induced AP in rats. Materials and Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats were divided in to five groups (n=6): Normal control (saline), disease control (a single dose of L-arginine 2.5 g/kg I.P.), positive control (pelatonin 10 mg/kg I.P.), and GSAE I and II (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, orally, respectively). All groups were treated for 7 days. At the end of the study, blood samples were collected from the retro-orbital plexus, serum separated, and subjected to estimation of biomarker enzymes such as amylase, lipase, antioxidant enzymes, etc. The animals were then sacrificed, and the pancreas was isolated and subjected to estimation of tissue biomarkers, DNA fragmentation assay, and histopathological studies. Results Serum levels of amylase and lipase were significantly (p<0.001) reduced in L-arginine-treated rats. Similar results were also observed with tissue inflammatory markers such as malondialdehyde, nitrate, etc. There was a dramatic increase (p<0.001) in the overall antioxidant enzyme levels when compared with disease control rats. Histopathological examination of pancreatic tissue showed an intact structural feature of acinar cells in the extract-treated group of rats, which was further in pact with the intact DNA found in the DNA fragmentation assay. Conclusion Thus, GSAE treatment was found to be beneficial in lowering the inflammatory conditions of AP by improving the overall antioxidant levels, and a further investigation into its exact molecular mechanism is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gadicherla Veena
- Sri Indu Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Telangana, India
| | - Siva Reddy Challa
- KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sujatha Palatheeya
- Palamuru University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Telangana, India
| | - Ramakrishna Prudhivi
- Dayananda Sagar University, Dayananda Sagar College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Karnataka, India
| | - Anitha Kadari
- Sri Indu Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Telangana, India
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22
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Yang X, Yao L, Fu X, Mukherjee R, Xia Q, Jakubowska MA, Ferdek PE, Huang W. Experimental Acute Pancreatitis Models: History, Current Status, and Role in Translational Research. Front Physiol 2020; 11:614591. [PMID: 33424638 PMCID: PMC7786374 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.614591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis is a potentially severe inflammatory disease that may be associated with a substantial morbidity and mortality. Currently there is no specific treatment for the disease, which indicates an ongoing demand for research into its pathogenesis and development of new therapeutic strategies. Due to the unpredictable course of acute pancreatitis and relatively concealed anatomical site in the retro-peritoneum, research on the human pancreas remains challenging. As a result, for over the last 100 years studies on the pathogenesis of this disease have heavily relied on animal models. This review aims to summarize different animal models of acute pancreatitis from the past to present and discuss their main characteristics and applications. It identifies key studies that have enhanced our current understanding of the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis and highlights the instrumental role of animal models in translational research for developing novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linbo Yao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianghui Fu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Rajarshi Mukherjee
- Liverpool Pancreatitis Research Group, Liverpool University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust and Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Pawel E. Ferdek
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Center and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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23
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Siriviriyakul P, Chingchit T, Klaikeaw N, Chayanupatkul M, Werawatganon D. Effects of curcumin on oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in L-arginine induced acute pancreatitis in mice. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02222. [PMID: 31485503 PMCID: PMC6717142 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Curcumin, an active constituent of rhizomes of Curcuma longa Linn, exhibits a variety of biological activities such as anti-inflammation and anti-oxidant. The present study aims to examine the effects of curcumin on oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in L-arginine induced acute pancreatitis (AP) in mice. Methods Male ICR mice were randomly divided into 4 groups. Control group received intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of 1% DMSO as a vehicle. AP group received two doses of i.p. L-arginine (L-Arg) 450 mg/100 g body weight (BW) at 1-hour interval. AP plus low-dose curcumin group received i.p. curcumin 50 mg/kg BW 1 hour before L-Arg injection and then once daily for 3 days. AP plus high-dose curcumin group received i.p. curcumin 200 mg/kg BW 1 hour before L-Arg injection and then once daily for 3 days. All mice were sacrificed at 72 hours. Pancreatic tissue was obtained for histological evaluation, immunohistochemical studies for nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-kβ), apoptosis and myeloperoxidase (MPO), and Western blot analyses for 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). Blood samples were collected for amylase analysis. Results Mean body weight was significantly lower in AP group than in control group, while in curcumin group, body weight was maintained. The serum amylase, number of MPO positive cells, NF-kB positive cells, TUNEL positive cells, and 4-HNE expression significantly increased in AP group when compared with control group, but decreased in low and high-dose curcumin groups. Mice in AP group developed severe pancreatic inflammation, edema and fat necrosis. While mice in low and high-dose curcumin groups showed a significant improvement in histopathological scores. There was no significant difference between low and high doses of curcumin. Conclusion Curcumin could attenuate acute pancreatitis via anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis property leading to the improvement in pancreatic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasong Siriviriyakul
- Alternative and Complementary Medicine for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama 4 Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thidarat Chingchit
- Alternative and Complementary Medicine for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama 4 Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Naruemon Klaikeaw
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama 4 Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Maneerat Chayanupatkul
- Alternative and Complementary Medicine for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama 4 Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Duangporn Werawatganon
- Alternative and Complementary Medicine for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama 4 Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Erdos Z, Barnum JE, Wang E, DeMaula C, Dey PM, Forest T, Bailey WJ, Glaab WE. Evaluation of the Relative Performance of Pancreas-Specific MicroRNAs in Rat Plasma as Biomarkers of Pancreas Injury. Toxicol Sci 2019; 173:5-18. [PMID: 31504967 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Drug-induced pancreatic injury (DIPI) has become linked in recent years to many commonly prescribed medications from several pharmacological classes. Diagnosis is currently most often focused on identification of acute pancreatitis and generally based on subjective clinical assessment and serum amylase and lipase enzymatic activity, which have been criticized as being insufficiently sensitive and specific. The lack of novel noninvasive biomarkers of DIPI can impede the advancement of drug candidates through nonclinical development and translation into clinical settings. Pancreas-specific microRNAs (miRNAs) are currently being evaluated as biomarkers of DIPI that may outperform and/or add value to the interpretation of amylase and lipase. To assess the relative performance of these novel miRNAs, a comprehensive evaluation was conducted to determine the sensitivity and specificity of detecting DIPI in rats. Four miRNAs were evaluated (miR-216a-5p, miR-216b-5p, miR-217-5p, and miR-375-3p) in plasma from 10 studies in which rats were treated with known pancreatic toxicants to assess sensitivity, and from 10 different studies in which toxicity was evident in tissues other than pancreas to assess specificity. The candidate miRNA biomarker performance was compared with amylase and lipase, and receiver operator characteristics (ROC) were determined. Analysis of ROCs demonstrated that all four miRNAs outperformed amylase and lipase in monitoring acute pancreatic injury defined as acinar cell degeneration/necrosis. Specifically, miR-217-5p had the highest performance among all biomarkers assessed. The increased sensitivity and specificity of these miRNAs support their use as biomarkers of DIPI, thereby adding value to the interpretation of amylase and lipase measurements in nonclinical studies. The potential for miRNAs to serve as translational biomarkers in the clinic for the monitoring of DIPI is also supported by this investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Erdos
- Safety Assessment and Laboratory Animal Resources, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486
| | - John E Barnum
- Safety Assessment and Laboratory Animal Resources, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486
| | - Erjia Wang
- Safety Assessment and Laboratory Animal Resources, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486
| | - Christopher DeMaula
- Safety Assessment and Laboratory Animal Resources, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486
| | - Paritosh Markus Dey
- Safety Assessment and Laboratory Animal Resources, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486
| | - Thomas Forest
- Safety Assessment and Laboratory Animal Resources, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486
| | - Wendy J Bailey
- Safety Assessment and Laboratory Animal Resources, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486
| | - Warren E Glaab
- Safety Assessment and Laboratory Animal Resources, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486
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25
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Saloman JL, Albers KM, Cruz-Monserrate Z, Davis BM, Edderkaoui M, Eibl G, Epouhe AY, Gedeon JY, Gorelick FS, Grippo PJ, Groblewski GE, Husain SZ, Lai KK, Pandol SJ, Uc A, Wen L, Whitcomb DC. Animal Models: Challenges and Opportunities to Determine Optimal Experimental Models of Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Cancer. Pancreas 2019; 48:759-779. [PMID: 31206467 PMCID: PMC6581211 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
At the 2018 PancreasFest meeting, experts participating in basic research met to discuss the plethora of available animal models for studying exocrine pancreatic disease. In particular, the discussion focused on the challenges currently facing the field and potential solutions. That meeting culminated in this review, which describes the advantages and limitations of both common and infrequently used models of exocrine pancreatic disease, namely, pancreatitis and exocrine pancreatic cancer. The objective is to provide a comprehensive description of the available models but also to provide investigators with guidance in the application of these models to investigate both environmental and genetic contributions to exocrine pancreatic disease. The content covers both nongenic and genetically engineered models across multiple species (large and small). Recommendations for choosing the appropriate model as well as how to conduct and present results are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jami L. Saloman
- Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Kathryn M. Albers
- Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Zobeida Cruz-Monserrate
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Brian M. Davis
- Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Mouad Edderkaoui
- Basic and Translational Pancreas Research, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Guido Eibl
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ariel Y. Epouhe
- Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jeremy Y. Gedeon
- Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Fred S. Gorelick
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases & Department of Cell Biology Yale University School of Medicine; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare, West Haven, CT
| | - Paul J. Grippo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, UI Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Guy E. Groblewski
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | | | - Keane K.Y. Lai
- Department of Pathology (National Medical Center), Department of Molecular Medicine (Beckman Research Institute), and Comprehensive Cancer Center, City of Hope, Duarte, CA
| | - Stephen J. Pandol
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Aliye Uc
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Stead Family Children’s Hospital, Iowa City, IA
| | - Li Wen
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA
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26
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Stojanović NM, Stevanović M, Randjelović P, Mitić K, Petrović V, Sokolović D, Mladenović B, Lalić J, Radulović NS. Low dose of carvacrol prevents rat pancreas tissue damage after L-arginine application, while higher doses cause pancreatic tissue impairment. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 128:280-285. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Abu-El-Haija M, Gukovskaya AS, Andersen DK, Gardner TB, Hegyi P, Pandol SJ, Papachristou GI, Saluja AK, Singh VK, Uc A, Wu BU. Accelerating the Drug Delivery Pipeline for Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis: Summary of the Working Group on Drug Development and Trials in Acute Pancreatitis at the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Workshop. Pancreas 2019; 47:1185-1192. [PMID: 30325856 PMCID: PMC6692135 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A workshop was sponsored by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases to focus on research gaps and opportunities on drug development for pancreatitis. This conference was held on July 25, 2018, and structured into 3 working groups (WG): acute pancreatitis (AP) WG, recurrent AP WG, and chronic pancreatitis WG. This article reports the outcome of the work accomplished by the AP WG to provide the natural history, epidemiology, and current management of AP; inform about the role of preclinical models in therapy selection; and discuss clinical trial designs with clinical and patient-reported outcomes to test new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maisam Abu-El-Haija
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Anna S. Gukovskaya
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
- Pancreatic Research Group, UCLA/VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Dana K. Andersen
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Timothy B. Gardner
- Department of Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Geisel School of Medicine, Darmouth University, Hanover, NH
| | - Peter Hegyi
- MTA-SZTE Translational Gastroenterology Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged
- Institute for Translational Medicine and First Department of Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Stephen J. Pandol
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Georgios I. Papachristou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health System, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ashok K. Saluja
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Vikesh K. Singh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of John’s Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
| | - Aliye Uc
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Stead Family Children’s Hospital, Iowa City, IA
| | - Bechien U. Wu
- Center for Pancreatic Care, Department of Gastroenterology, Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
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Yang H, Ma S, Guo Y, Cui D, Yao J. Bidirectional Effects of Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate on Severe Acute Pancreatitis in a Rat Model. Dose Response 2019; 17:1559325819825905. [PMID: 30745862 PMCID: PMC6360480 DOI: 10.1177/1559325819825905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The mechanism by which intestinal mucosal barrier is damaged in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP)-associated impairment is not fully understood. Methods We established an l-arginine-induced SAP rat model, pretreated with or without pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC). Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to evaluate the pathological alterations. Western blotting was conducted to detect the expression of autophagy-related proteins. Oxidative stress was assessed by the levels of malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase. Results We found significant injury of the intestinal mucosal barrier in SAP rats, with overexpression of Beclin-1, LC3, and p65. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate showed a bidirectional effect in protecting SAP rats. A high dose of PDTC aggravated disease in rats, while a low or medium dose of PDTC pretreatment, was able to alleviate tissue damage. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate changed the expression of Beclin-1, LC3, and p65 in the intestines. The fatty acid-binding protein level was increased in SAP rats with high-dose PDTC or without PDTC pretreatment and was reduced in SAP rats with low- or medium-dose PDTC exposure. Conclusions Autophagy is involved in the impairment of intestinal mucosal barrier during SAP. A suitable dose of PDTC (1 or 10 mg/kg) may decrease the severity of SAP by inhibiting autophagy in intestinal mucosal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - ShuCan Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Harrison International Peace Hospital, Hengshui, Hebei, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - DongLai Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - JinFeng Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Institute of Gastroenterology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Gadicherla V, Challa S, Basaveswara Rao M, Kunda P, Prudhvi R. Morinda Citrifolia (Noni) fruit protects the exocrine pancreatic dysfunction against L-arginine induced acute pancreatitis in rats. Pharmacogn Mag 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_661_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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30
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Chuang EY, Lin KJ, Huang TY, Chen HL, Miao YB, Lin PY, Chen CT, Juang JH, Sung HW. An Intestinal "Transformers"-like Nanocarrier System for Enhancing the Oral Bioavailability of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs. ACS NANO 2018; 12:6389-6397. [PMID: 29856923 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the intestinal dissolution of orally administered poorly water-soluble drugs that have poor oral bioavailability to a therapeutically effective level has long been an elusive goal. In this work, an approach that can greatly enhance the oral bioavailability of a poorly water-soluble drug such as curcumin (CUR) is developed, using a "Transformers"-like nanocarrier system (TLNS) that can self-emulsify the drug molecules in the intestinal lumen to form nanoemulsions. Owing to its known anti-inflammation activity, the use of CUR in treating pancreatitis is evaluated herein. Structural changes of the TLNS in the intestinal environment to form the CUR-laden nanoemulsions are confirmed in vitro. The therapeutic efficacy of this TLNS is evaluated in rats with experimentally induced acute pancreatitis (AP). Notably, the CUR-laden nanoemulsions that are obtained using the proposed TLNS can passively target intestinal M cells, in which they are transcytosed and then transported into the pancreatic tissues via the intestinal lymphatic system. The pancreases in rats that are treated with the TLNS yield approximately 12 times stronger CUR signals than their counterparts receiving free CUR, potentially improving the recovery of AP. These findings demonstrate that the proposed TLNS can markedly increase the intestinal drug dissolution, making oral delivery a favorable noninvasive means of administering poorly water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Er-Yuan Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering , Taipei Medical University , Taipei 11049 , Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Kun-Ju Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan 333 , Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Tring-Yo Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Hsin-Lung Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Yang-Bao Miao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Po-Yen Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Chiung-Tong Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research , National Health Research Institutes , Zhunan , Miaoli 35053 , Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Jyuhn-Huarng Juang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Chang Gung University and Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan 333 , Taiwan (ROC)
| | - Hsing-Wen Sung
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan (ROC)
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Klauss S, Schorn S, Teller S, Steenfadt H, Friess H, Ceyhan GO, Demir IE. Genetically induced vs. classical animal models of chronic pancreatitis: a critical comparison. FASEB J 2018; 32:fj201800241RR. [PMID: 29863911 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800241rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is an utmost complex disease that is pathogenetically linked to pancreas-intrinsic ( e.g., duct obstruction), environmental-toxic ( e.g., alcohol, smoking), and genetic factors. Studying such a complex disease naturally requires validated experimental models. In the past 2 decades, the various animal models of CP usually addressed either the pancreas-intrinsic ( e.g., the caerulein model), the environmental-toxic ( e.g., diet-induced models), or the genetic component of CP. As such, these models were far from mirroring CP in its full spectrum, and the correct choice of models was vital for valid scientific conclusions on CP. The quest for mechanistic, genetic models gave rise to models based on gene modification and transgene insertion, such as the PRSS1 and the IL-1β/IL-1β models. Recently, we witnessed the development of highly exciting models that rely on the importance of autophagy in CP, that is, the murine pancreas-specific Atg5 and LAMP2 knockout models. Today, critical comparison of these several models is more important than ever for guiding research on CP in an efficient direction. The present review outlines the characteristics of the new genetic models in comparison with the well-known classic models for CP, notes the caveats in the choice of models, and also indicates novel directions for model development.-Klauss, S., Schorn, S., Teller, S., Steenfadt, H., Friess, H., Ceyhan, G. O., Demir, I. K. Genetically induced vs. classical animal models of chronic pancreatitis: a critical comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Klauss
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan Schorn
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Teller
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hendrik Steenfadt
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Friess
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Güralp O Ceyhan
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ihsan Ekin Demir
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Binet Q, Dufour I, Agneessens E, Debongnie JC, Aouattah T, Covas A, Coche JC, De Koninck X. The second case of a young man with L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis. Clin J Gastroenterol 2018; 11:424-427. [PMID: 29680982 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-018-0862-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary supplementation of arginine has been used by numerous world-class athletes and professional bodybuilders over the past 30 years. L-Arginine indeed enhances muscular power and general performance via maintaining ATP level. However, L-arginine is also known to induce acute pancreatitis in murine models. CASE REPORT We report the case of young man presenting with upper abdominal pain and increased serum lipase levels. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography confirms a mild acute pancreatitis. Common etiologies have been ruled out and toxicological anamnestic screening reveals the intake of protein powder. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the second case in human of arginine-induced acute pancreatitis. CONCLUSION This case report suggests that every patient presenting with acute pancreatitis without obvious etiology should be evaluated for the intake of toxics other than alcohol, including L-arginine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Binet
- Division of Gastroenterology, Clinique Saint-Pierre, Avenue Reine Fabiola, 9, 1340, Ottignies, Belgium.
| | - Inès Dufour
- Division of Gastroenterology, Clinique Saint-Pierre, Avenue Reine Fabiola, 9, 1340, Ottignies, Belgium
| | | | - Jean-Claude Debongnie
- Division of Gastroenterology, Clinique Saint-Pierre, Avenue Reine Fabiola, 9, 1340, Ottignies, Belgium
| | - Tarik Aouattah
- Division of Gastroenterology, Clinique Saint-Pierre, Avenue Reine Fabiola, 9, 1340, Ottignies, Belgium
| | - Angélique Covas
- Division of Gastroenterology, Clinique Saint-Pierre, Avenue Reine Fabiola, 9, 1340, Ottignies, Belgium
| | - Jean-Charles Coche
- Division of Gastroenterology, Clinique Saint-Pierre, Avenue Reine Fabiola, 9, 1340, Ottignies, Belgium
| | - Xavier De Koninck
- Division of Gastroenterology, Clinique Saint-Pierre, Avenue Reine Fabiola, 9, 1340, Ottignies, Belgium
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Accelerating the Drug Delivery Pipeline for Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis-Knowledge Gaps and Research Opportunities: Overview Summary of a National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Workshop. Pancreas 2018; 47:1180-1184. [PMID: 30325855 PMCID: PMC6201320 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A workshop was sponsored by the Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, on July 25, 2018, in Pittsburgh, Penn. The workshop was designed to bring together a multidisciplinary group of experts to accelerate the development of therapeutics for clinical application in inflammatory diseases of the exocrine pancreas. Three separate working groups (acute pancreatitis, recurrent acute pancreatitis, and chronic pancreatitis) were formed to address the needs, gaps, and opportunities. The working groups included patients with pancreatic diseases, pharmaceutical company leaders, basic scientists, clinical researchers, and representatives from the US Food and Drug Administration to assist with regulatory considerations and to identify the unmet needs, research targets, and opportunities to provide direction for successful development of therapeutic agents in these diseases. This article represents the summary of the overview presentations at the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases workshop including an ongoing drug trial in acute pancreatitis; a successful drug development network developed by the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation; and considerations for subject selection in drug trials, incorporating Food and Drug Administration guidelines on clinical trial design and clinical outcome measures. The summaries of each working group follow separately in accompanying articles.
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Chai-Qin-Cheng-Qi Decoction and Carbachol Improve Intestinal Motility by Regulating Protein Kinase C-Mediated Ca 2+ Release in Colonic Smooth Muscle Cells in Rats with Acute Necrotising Pancreatitis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:5864945. [PMID: 28529530 PMCID: PMC5424168 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5864945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Chai-Qin-Cheng-Qi decoction (CQCQD) improves intestinal motility in acute pancreatitis (AP), but the mechanism(s) require elucidation. We investigated the effects of CQCQD and carbachol, a prokinetic agent, on colonic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in L-arginine-induced necrotising AP model in rats. In treatment groups, intragastric CQCQD (20 g/kg, 2 hourly × 3 doses) or intraperitoneal carbachol (60 μg/kg) was given 24 hours after induction of AP. Both CQCQD and carbachol decreased the severity of pancreatic and colonic histopathology (all P < 0.05). Both CQCQD and carbachol reduced serum intestinal fatty acid binding protein, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and substance P and increased motility levels. CQCQD upregulated SMC phospholipase C-beta 1 (PLC-β1) mRNA and PLC protein (both P < 0.05), while both treatments upregulated protein kinase C-alpha (PKC-α) mRNA and PKC protein and downregulated adenylate cyclase (AC) mRNA and protein compared with no treatment (all P < 0.05). Neither treatment significantly altered L-arginine-induced PKC-β1 and PKC-ε mRNA reduction. Both treatments significantly increased fluorescence intensity of SMC intracellular calcium concentration [Ca2+]i (3563.5 and 3046.9 versus 1086.9, both P < 0.01). These data suggest CQCQD and carbachol improve intestinal motility in AP by increasing [Ca2+]i in colonic SMCs via upregulating PLC, PKC and downregulating AC.
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Morphological and immunobiochemical analysis of the liver in L-arginine induced experimental chronic pancreatitis. Pancreatology 2017; 17:247-254. [PMID: 28131523 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical evidence indicates that hepatic abnormalities in patients with chronic pancreatitis are not uncommon. Here we aimed to study the possible association between liver and pancreatic damage in a recently described experimental mouse model of CP. METHODS The severity of the damage to pancreas, liver and other organs was assessed by biochemical markers and histopathology. The methods applied included Hematoxylin Eosin staining, electron microscope examination, biochemical measurements, RT-PCR, ELISA, and the correlations among some of the parameters contributing to these changes were statistically analyzed. RESULTS The hepatic aberrations were mainly represented by mild infiltration of inflammatory cells in portal triad and congestion of central vein of liver, and the main features of drug-induced hepatotoxicity could not be observed. Severe fibrosis of pancreatic tissue was noticed in experimental group, and the existence of multiple organ injuries was also seen under the microscope. Hepatic pathologic scores were positively correlated with those from the corresponding pancreatic specimens (r = 0.72, P < 0.01). TGF-β1 protein levels significantly elevated both in the test pancreas and liver (P < 0.05) and these values were positively correlated (r = 0.86, P < 0.01). The level of interleukin-1β was increased in the serum and tissue of the liver. In addition, cardiac troponin (Tn-I) level not only significantly increased in myocardial homogenates (P < 0.05) but also was positively correlated with the corresponding pathologic score of the liver (r = 0.88, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The liver aberrations might be associated with L-arginine induced chronic pancreatitis.
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Kaur J, Sidhu S, Chopra K, Khan MU. Calendula officinalis ameliorates l-arginine-induced acute necrotizing pancreatitis in rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2951-2959. [PMID: 27339751 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1195848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Calendula officinalis L. (Asteraceae) has been traditionally used in treating inflammation of internal organs, gastrointestinal tract ulcers and wound healing. OBJECTIVE The present study investigates the effect of ethanol extract (95%) of Calendula officinalis flowers in l-arginine induced acute necrotizing pancreatitis in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were divided into four groups: normal control, l-arginine control, Calendula officinalis extract (COE) treated and melatonin treated (positive control), which were further divided into subgroups (24 h, day 3 and 14) according to time points. Two injections of l-arginine 2 g/kg i.p. at 1 h intervals were administered in l-arginine control, COE and melatonin-treated groups to produce acute necrotizing pancreatitis. Biochemical parameters [serum amylase, lipase, pancreatic amylase, nucleic acid content, total proteins, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), collagen content, lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and nitrite/nitrate] and histopathological studies were carried out. RESULTS COE treatment (400 mg/kg p.o.) was found to be beneficial. This was evidenced by significantly lowered histopathological scores (2 at day 14). Nucleic acid content (DNA 21.1 and RNA 5.44 mg/g pancreas), total proteins (0.66 mg/mL pancreas) and pancreatic amylase (1031.3 100 SU/g pancreas) were significantly improved. Marked reduction in pancreatic oxidative and nitrosative stress; collagen (122 μmoles/100 mg pancreas) and TGF-β1 (118.56 pg/mL) levels were noted. Results obtained were comparable to those of positive control. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The beneficial effect of COE may be attributed to its antioxidant, antinitrosative and antifibrotic actions. Hence, the study concludes that COE promotes spontaneous repair and regeneration of the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagdeep Kaur
- a Department of Research Innovations and Consultancy , IKG Punjab Technical University , Kapurthala , Punjab , India
- b Sri Sai College of Pharmacy, Badhani , Pathankot , Punjab , India
| | - Shabir Sidhu
- c Department of Life Sciences and Technology , Punjab Institute of Technology, IKG Punjab Technical University , Kapurthala , Punjab , India
| | - Kanwaljit Chopra
- d Pharmacology Research Laboratory , University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University , Chandigarh , India
| | - M U Khan
- b Sri Sai College of Pharmacy, Badhani , Pathankot , Punjab , India
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Uçmak F, Ekin N, İbiloğlu İ, Arslan S, Kaplan İ, Şenateş E. Prophylactic Administration of Silybin Ameliorates L-Arginine-Induced Acute Pancreatitis. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:3641-3646. [PMID: 27725627 PMCID: PMC5070635 DOI: 10.12659/msm.898014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential effect of silybin, a potent antioxidant, on L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis in an experimental rat model. Material/Methods Forty female Wistar Albino rats were divided into 5 groups as follows: Group 1 (C): control group (n=8), Group 2 (SL): silybin group (n=8), Group 3 (LA): acute pancreatitis group (n=8), Group 4 (SLLA): prophylaxis group (n=8), and Group 5 (LASL): treatment group (n=8). Group C (control) received 2 intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of physiological saline at an interval of 1 h. Group SL received only a single i.p. injection of silybin. The SLLA group received a single i.p. injection of silybin before the induction of acute pancreatitis with L-arginine, whereas the LASL group received the same injection after the induction of acute pancreatitis with L-arginine. Pancreatic tissues were histopathologically examined. Levels of amylase and oxidative stress markers (total oxidant status and total anti-oxidant status) were determined in the blood samples. Oxidative stress index was calculated. Results In comparison to the LA, the prophylaxis and treatment groups showed significant improvements in serum oxidative stress parameters (p=0.001 and p=0.005, respectively). Histopathological analysis showed that the treatment group had significant improvements in edema scores only (p=0.006), whereas the prophylaxis group had the same improvements in inflammation and necrosis scores as well as in total scores (p=0.004, 0.006, and 0.004, respectively). Conclusions When used for prophylactic rather than therapeutic purposes, silybin ameliorates serum oxidative stress parameters and improves histopathological results via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feyzullah Uçmak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dicle University, School of Medicine, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Nazım Ekin
- Gastroenterology Clinic, Gazi Yasargil Education and Research Hospital, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - İbrahim İbiloğlu
- Department of Pathology, Dicle University, School of Medicine, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Serkan Arslan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dicle University, School of Medicine, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Kaplan
- Department of Biochemistry, Dicle University, School of Medicine, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Ebubekir Şenateş
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medeniyet University, School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
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Experimental Models in Syrian Golden Hamster Replicate Human Acute Pancreatitis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28014. [PMID: 27302647 PMCID: PMC4908588 DOI: 10.1038/srep28014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The hamster has been shown to share a variety of metabolic similarities with humans. To replicate human acute pancreatitis with hamsters, we comparatively studied the efficacy of common methods, such as the peritoneal injections of caerulein, L-arginine, the retrograde infusion of sodium taurocholate, and another novel model with concomitant administration of ethanol and fatty acid. The severity of pancreatitis was evaluated by serum amylase activity, pathological scores, myeloperoxidase activity, and the expression of inflammation factors in pancreas. The results support that the severity of pathological injury is consistent with the pancreatitis induced in mice and rat using the same methods. Specifically, caerulein induced mild edematous pancreatitis accompanied by minimal lung injury, while L-arginine induced extremely severe pancreatic injury including necrosis and neutrophil infiltration. Infusion of Na-taurocholate into the pancreatic duct induced necrotizing pancreatitis in the head of pancreas and lighter inflammation in the distal region. The severity of acute pancreatitis induced by combination of ethanol and fatty acids was between the extent of caerulein and L-arginine induction, with obvious inflammatory cells infiltration. In view of the advantages in lipid metabolism features, hamster models are ideally suited for the studies of pancreatitis associated with altered metabolism in humans.
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Cremades A, Del Rio-Garcia J, Lambertos A, López-Garcia C, Peñafiel R. Tissue-specific regulation of potassium homeostasis by high doses of cationic amino acids. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:616. [PMID: 27330882 PMCID: PMC4870509 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2224-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The administration of l-arginine hydrochloride has been used for testing pituitary secretion in humans, and as an experimental model for induction of acute pancreatitis in rats and mice. Whereas in the first case, the administration of the amino acid is associated with hiperkalemia, in the model of acute pancreatitis no data are available on possible changes in potassium homeostasis. The present study shows that the acute administration to mice of l-arginine hydrochloride or other cationic amino acids almost duplicate plasma potassium levels. This effect was associated to a marked decrease of tissue potassium in both pancreas and liver. No changes were found in other tissues. These changes cannot be ascribed to the large load of chloride ions, since similar effects were produced when l-ornithine aspartate was administered. The changes in potassium levels were dependent on the dose. The displacement of intracellular potassium from the liver and pancreas to the extracellular compartment appears to be dependent on the entry of the cationic amino acid, since the administration of an equivalent dose of alfa-difluoromethyl ornithine HCl (DFMO), a non physiological analog of l-ornithine, which is poorly taken by the tissues in comparison with the physiological cationic amino acids, did not produce any change in potassium levels in pancreas and liver. The analyses of the expression of cationic amino acid transporters (CAT) suggest that the CAT-2 transporter may be implicated in the potassium/cationic amino acid interchange in liver and pancreas. The possible physiological or pathological relevance of these findings is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asunción Cremades
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain ; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Jesús Del Rio-Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Lambertos
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology B and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Carlos López-Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Rafael Peñafiel
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology B and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain ; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
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Kaur J, Sidhu S, Chopra K, Khan MU. Protective effect of Mimosa pudica L. in an l-arginine model of acute necrotising pancreatitis in rats. J Nat Med 2016; 70:423-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-016-0991-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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TISSUE BLOOD FLOW IN THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS OF RATS WITH ACUTE PANCREATITIS AFTER CORVITIN ADMINISTRATION. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 61:53-9. [DOI: 10.15407/fz61.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Arslan S, Okur MH, Zeytun H, Basuguy E, Ibiloglu I, Turkoglu A, Bozdag Z, Kaplan I, Uluca U. A new experimental rat model of pancreatitis using Ecballium elaterium. Int J Surg 2015; 23:160-4. [PMID: 26472695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We originally aimed to determine the beneficial effects of Ecballium Elaterium (EE) on acute pancreatitis; however, we observed negative effects of EE on the pancreas. Thus, we used EE in rats to generate a new model of pancreatitis, which we compared with other established pancreatitis models. METHODS A total of 32 Wistar albino rats were used. Rats were divided into 4 groups, each of which contained 8 rats. Group 1 (Control), Group 2 (L-Arginine (LA), Group 3 (LA + EE), Group 4 (EE): Twenty-four hours after that serum parameters were analyzed in the collected blood. Blood samples were transported on mice to the Biochemistry Laboratory following cardiac puncture. The levels of amylase, interleukin (IL)-6, interleukin (IL) 1-β (IL-1β), malondialdhyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidant status (TOS) were analyzed. Histopathological analysis: The pancreas and lung tissue samples obtained from the rats. Edema, inflammation, vacuolization, and necrosis of the pancreas were assessed using a scoring system ranging from 0 to 4. Edema, hemorrhage and inflammation of the lung tissue were evaluated using a scoring system ranging from 0 to 3. RESULTS Histopathological analysis revealed that edema, inflammation, necrosis, and hemorrhage were significantly higher in the LA + EE group than in the control group. Moreover, necrosis was higher in the rats that received LA and EE compared to the rats that received only LA or EE. Increases in inflammatory mediator levels, including IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, MDA, and TOS, were observed in all groups as compared to the control group. Moreover, lower TAS levels were detected in all groups but the control group. The increase in IL-1β and TNF-α levels and the decrease in TAS were statistically significant in all groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS EE may be used to create a successful acute pancreatitis (AP) model, resulting in edema, necrosis, hemorrhage, and inflammation of the pancreas. The major advantage of this model is that it does not require laparotomy, and can be implemented with only an intraperitoneal injection (IP). Moreover, EE may be combined with other agents, such as LA, to create severe pancreatitis. Further molecular studies are warranted to determine the underlying effects of EE on the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Arslan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty of Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Hanifi Okur
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty of Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Hikmet Zeytun
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty of Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Erol Basuguy
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty of Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Ibiloglu
- Department of Pathology, Dicle University Medical School Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Turkoglu
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Zübeyr Bozdag
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Kaplan
- Department of Biochemistry, Dicle University Medical School Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Unal Uluca
- Department of Pediatrics, Dicle University Medical School, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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Al-Malki AL. Suppression of acute pancreatitis by L-lysine in mice. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 15:193. [PMID: 26100532 PMCID: PMC4476087 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0729-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease caused by several factors such as viral infection, drugs, and diagnostic endoscopy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential protective or therapeutic effects of L-lysine on pancreatitis induced by L-arginine in mice. METHODS Four groups of mice (10 in each group) were assessed. Group I was the control. Animals in groups II-IV were injected intraperitoneally with L-arginine hydrochloride (400 mg/kg body weight [bw]) for 3 days. Group III animals were orally pre-treated with L-lysine (10 mg/kg bw), whereas group IV animals were orally post-treated with L-lysine (10 mg/kg bw). Serum samples were subjected to amylase, lipase, transaminase, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) assays. The pancreas was excised to measure the levels of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, catalase, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase. RESULTS Pre- or post-treatment with L-lysine led to significant decreases in the levels of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide, while significant enhancement was observed in the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) and glutathione (p < 0.001). However, the treatment potential of L-lysine was better as a protective agent than a therapeutic agent. CONCLUSIONS L-lysine treatment attenuates pancreatic tissue injury induced by L-arginine by inhibiting the release of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and enhance antioxidant activity. These effects may involve upregulation of anti-inflammatory factors and subsequent downregulation of IL6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman L Al-Malki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Garg SK. Evolving paradigm of illnesses presented to medical Intensive Care Unit in body builders: Cases from tertiary care center. Indian J Crit Care Med 2015; 19:227-9. [PMID: 25878431 PMCID: PMC4397630 DOI: 10.4103/0972-5229.154559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bodybuilding is the use of progressive resistance exercise to control and develop one's musculature. With the rise in number of persons adopting this activity, there is evolving paradigm of illnesses presented to intensive care in this population subset. Strict adherence to details of bodybuilding and avoidance of unsupervised medications are essential to prevent untoward effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Garg
- Department of Critical Care, Sarvodaya Hospital, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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Kui B, Balla Z, Vasas B, Végh ET, Pallagi P, Kormányos ES, Venglovecz V, Iványi B, Takács T, Hegyi P, Rakonczay Z. New insights into the methodology of L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117588. [PMID: 25688985 PMCID: PMC4331527 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models are ideal to study the pathomechanism and therapy of acute pancreatitis (AP). The use of L-arginine-induced AP model is nowadays becoming increasingly popular in mice. However, carefully looking through the literature, marked differences in disease severity could be observed. In fact, while setting up the L-arginine (2×4 g/kg i.p.)-induced AP model in BALB/c mice, we found a relatively low rate (around 15%) of pancreatic necrosis, whereas others have detected much higher rates (up to 55%). We suspected that this may be due to differences between mouse strains. We administered various concentrations (5–30%, pH = 7.4) and doses (2×4, 3×3, or 4×2.5 g/kg) of L-arginine-HCl in BALB/c, FVB/n and C57BL/6 mice. The potential gender-specific effect of L-arginine was investigated in C57BL/6 mice. The fate of mice in response to the i.p. injections of L arginine followed one of three courses. Some mice (1) developed severe AP or (2) remained AP-free by 72 h, whereas others (3) had to be euthanized (to avoid their death, which was caused by the high dose of L-arginine and not AP) within 12 h., In FVB/n and C57BL/6 mice, the pancreatic necrosis rate (about 50%) was significantly higher than that observed in BALB/c mice using 2×4 g/kg 10% L–arginine, but euthanasia was necessary in a large proportion of animals, The i.p. injection of lower L-arginine concentrations (e.g. 5–8%) in case of the 2×4 g/kg dose, or other L-arginine doses (3×3 or 4×2.5 g/kg, 10%) were better for inducing AP. We could not detect any significant differences between the AP severity of male and female mice. Taken together, when setting up the L-arginine-induced AP model, there are several important factors that are worth consideration such as the dose and concentration of the administered L arginine-HCl solution and also the strain of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Kui
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Balla
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Béla Vasas
- Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Eszter T. Végh
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Petra Pallagi
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Viktória Venglovecz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Béla Iványi
- Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Takács
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences-University of Szeged, Translational Gastroenterology Research Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Rakonczay
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- * E-mail:
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Gorenko ZA, Grinchenko OA, Veselsky SP, Baban VM. [COMPOSITION OF GASTRIC JUICE AND BILE IN RATS AT THE EXPERIMENTAL CHRONIC PANCREATITIS]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 61:86-95. [PMID: 27025049 DOI: 10.15407/fz61.06.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas, which is characterized by destruction of pancreatic secretory parenchyma and progressing exocrine and endocrine insufficiency. Usually these patients have complications as cardiovascular, renal, respiratory and liver failure, and various gastric dysfunctions. The data of clinical observations do not reveal fully the functional state of the stomach and liver in chronic pancreatitis also remains an open question about the quality of the gastric juices and bile by this pathology. Therefore our aim was to investigate the secretory functions of the stomach and liver features in rats at the experimental chronic pancreatitis. This pathology modeled using L-arginine. Basal gastric secretion was investigated in chronic experiment by aspiration method for 10th and 63rd days, and pancreas and liver--in acute experiments at 13th and 68th days after the last administration of L-arginine. It was established that the character of the secretory response of the digestive tract depends on the duration of the pathology course. On the 10th day the functional state of the gastric secretory glands in rats with chronic pancreatitis characterized by twice increase of gastric acid production but decrease the level of hexosamines on 23.8% (P < 0.001) that indicate a increase of gastric content aggressiveness and mucus producing cells secretory insufficiency. In these animals the rate of total protein decreased on 61.7% (P < 0.05). On the 13th day observed the increase of pancreatic juice on 332% (P < 0.01), hepatic secret volume on 74.9% (P < 0.001) and redistribution in the cholates spectrum: glycocholates level increased but tauro-, free and total dehydroxylated bile acids decreased. These changes suggest deterioration of bile detergent properties, inhibition of acidic pathway of bile acids biosynthesis and conjugation of cholates with taurine. In two months total deficit of amino acids in gastric juice correlated with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Herein the acidity of gastric content partially restored, while the level of protein and mucus secretion proceed to decline. Consequently gastric mucosa is more vulnerable. In these rats the rates of free bile acids greatly increased while tauro- and glycocholates significantly decreased. Thus the processes of hydroxylation and conjugation of bile acids with amino acids inhibited suggesting interruption of synthetic and detoxification functions of the liver. The present work is important for comprehension the pathophysiological aspects of chronic pancreatitis particularly the digestive system functioning features at this pathology. These data could be considered in the appointment of treatment to avoid complications.
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Zhu YM, Liu F, Zhou XY, Gao XR, Xu ZY, Du YK. Clinical and pathologic characteristics of pancreatic necrosis in critically ill children. World J Emerg Med 2014; 2:111-6. [PMID: 25214994 DOI: 10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2011.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Accepted: 03/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic damage in critically ill patients is associated with the progressive failure of multiple organs, but little is known about its clinical characteristics. At present, no guidelines are available for the diagnosis and management of pancreatic damage. This study was undertaken to analyze the clinical and pathologic characteristics of pancreatic necrosis in critically ill children, and to find some biological markers of pancreatic damage or pancreatic necrosis. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data, laboratory results, and autopsy findings of 25 children, who were admitted to Hunan Children's Hospital, China from 2003 to 2009, and died of multiple organ failure. The autopsy revealed pancreatic necrosis in 5 children, in whom sectional or gross autopsy was performed. RESULTS The 5 children had acute onset and a fever. Two children had abdominal pain and 2 had abdominal bulging, flatulence and gastrointestinal bleeding. Four children had abnormal liver function, characterized by decreased albumin and 3 children had elevated level of C-reactive protein (CRP). B-ultrasonography revealed abnormal acoustic image of the pancreas in all children, and autopsy confirmed pancreatic necrosis, which may be associated with the damage of the adrenal gland, liver, lung, heart, spleen, kidney, intestine, thymus, mediastinal and mesenteric lymph nodes and other organs. Children 1 and 2 died of acute hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis (AHNP); children 3-5 died of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) due to pancreatic necrosis. CONCLUSION Pancreatic damage or pancreatic necrosis in critically ill children is characterized by acute onset, severity, short course, multiple organ damage or failure. It may be asymptomatic in early stage, and easy to be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Min Zhu
- Emergency Center (Zhu YM, Xu ZY), Department of General Surgery (Zhou XY) and Department ofNeonatology (Gao XR), Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, China; Department of Maternal and Children Health Care, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China(Liu F, Du YK)
| | - Fang Liu
- Emergency Center (Zhu YM, Xu ZY), Department of General Surgery (Zhou XY) and Department ofNeonatology (Gao XR), Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, China; Department of Maternal and Children Health Care, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China(Liu F, Du YK)
| | - Xiao-Yu Zhou
- Emergency Center (Zhu YM, Xu ZY), Department of General Surgery (Zhou XY) and Department ofNeonatology (Gao XR), Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, China; Department of Maternal and Children Health Care, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China(Liu F, Du YK)
| | - Xi-Rong Gao
- Emergency Center (Zhu YM, Xu ZY), Department of General Surgery (Zhou XY) and Department ofNeonatology (Gao XR), Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, China; Department of Maternal and Children Health Care, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China(Liu F, Du YK)
| | - Zhi-Yue Xu
- Emergency Center (Zhu YM, Xu ZY), Department of General Surgery (Zhou XY) and Department ofNeonatology (Gao XR), Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, China; Department of Maternal and Children Health Care, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China(Liu F, Du YK)
| | - Yu-Kai Du
- Emergency Center (Zhu YM, Xu ZY), Department of General Surgery (Zhou XY) and Department ofNeonatology (Gao XR), Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha 410007, China; Department of Maternal and Children Health Care, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China(Liu F, Du YK)
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48
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Samad A, James A, Wong J, Mankad P, Whitehouse J, Patel W, Alves-Simoes M, Siriwardena AK, Bruce JIE. Insulin protects pancreatic acinar cells from palmitoleic acid-induced cellular injury. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:23582-95. [PMID: 24993827 PMCID: PMC4156068 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.589440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis is a serious and sometimes fatal inflammatory disease where the pancreas digests itself. The non-oxidative ethanol metabolites palmitoleic acid (POA) and POA-ethylester (POAEE) are reported to induce pancreatitis caused by impaired mitochondrial metabolism, cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) overload and necrosis of pancreatic acinar cells. Metabolism and [Ca2+]i are linked critically by the ATP-driven plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) important for maintaining low resting [Ca2+]i. The aim of the current study was to test the protective effects of insulin on cellular injury induced by the pancreatitis-inducing agents, ethanol, POA, and POAEE. Rat pancreatic acinar cells were isolated by collagenase digestion and [Ca2+]i was measured by fura-2 imaging. An in situ [Ca2+]i clearance assay was used to assess PMCA activity. Magnesium green (MgGreen) and a luciferase-based ATP kit were used to assess cellular ATP depletion. Ethanol (100 mm) and POAEE (100 μm) induced a small but irreversible Ca2+ overload response but had no significant effect on PMCA activity. POA (50–100 μm) induced a robust Ca2+ overload, ATP depletion, inhibited PMCA activity, and consequently induced necrosis. Insulin pretreatment (100 nm for 30 min) prevented the POA-induced Ca2+ overload, ATP depletion, inhibition of the PMCA, and necrosis. Moreover, the insulin-mediated protection of the POA-induced Ca2+ overload was partially prevented by the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, LY294002. These data provide the first evidence that insulin directly protects pancreatic acinar cell injury induced by bona fide pancreatitis-inducing agents, such as POA. This may have important therapeutic implications for the treatment of pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysha Samad
- From the Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, M13 9NT Manchester and
| | - Andrew James
- From the Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, M13 9NT Manchester and
| | - James Wong
- From the Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, M13 9NT Manchester and
| | - Parini Mankad
- From the Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, M13 9NT Manchester and
| | - John Whitehouse
- From the Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, M13 9NT Manchester and
| | - Waseema Patel
- From the Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, M13 9NT Manchester and
| | - Marta Alves-Simoes
- From the Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, M13 9NT Manchester and
| | - Ajith K Siriwardena
- the Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Manchester Royal Infirmary, M13 9WL Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jason I E Bruce
- From the Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, M13 9NT Manchester and
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49
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Chaiqinchengqi decoction regulates necrosis-apoptosis via regulating the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c and caspase-3 in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2014; 34:178-83. [DOI: 10.1016/s0254-6272(14)60075-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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50
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Wang Y, Guo W, Li Y, Pan X, Lv W, Cui L, Li C, Wang Y, Yan S, Zhang J, Liu B. Hypothermia induced by adenosine 5'-monophosphate attenuates injury in an L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis rat model. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014; 29:742-8. [PMID: 24224980 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM This study sought to investigate the effects of hypothermia induced by adenosine 5'-monophosphate (5'-AMP) on L-arginine (L-Arg)-induced acute pancreatitis in rats. METHODS The rats were divided into four groups: the control group, the acute pancreatitis group, the 5'-AMP pretreatment group, and the 5'-AMP posttreatment group. Rats in all groups, except for the control group, received two injections of 2.5 g/kg body weight (intraperitoneally) L-Arg, with an interval of 1 h between the injections. Subsequently, the rats were observed to assess whether hypothermia induced by 5'-AMP could effectively inhibit inflammation associated with L-Arg-induced acute pancreatitis in rats. RESULTS Hypothermia induced by 5'-AMP produced protective effects in our acute pancreatitis model. These effects exhibited the following manifestations: (i) a significant reduction in rat mortality rates; (ii) a significant decrease in the occurrence of pancreatic edema; (iii) significant reductions in serum amylase (P < 0.001), interleukin-6 (P < 0.001), interleukin-1β (P < 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor-α (P < 0.001); (iv) the significant inhibition of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation in rats that were pre- and posttreated with 5'-AMP compared with rats that were only injected with L-Arg; and (v) significant decreases in the occurrence of pancreatic interstitial edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, hemorrhage, and acinar cell necrosis. CONCLUSIONS Hypothermia induced by 5'-AMP could inhibit the acute inflammatory reaction and NF-κB activation associated with acute pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Wang
- Gout Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Qingdao, China
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