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Alsharabasy AM, Lagarias PI, Papavasileiou KD, Afantitis A, Farràs P, Glynn S, Pandit A. Examining Hemin and its Derivatives: Induction of Heme-Oxygenase-1 Activity and Oxidative Stress in Breast Cancer Cells through Collaborative Experimental Analysis and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Med Chem 2024; 67:15411-15427. [PMID: 39159487 PMCID: PMC11403666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Hemin triggers intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and enhances heme oxygenase-1 (HOX-1) activity, indicating its potential as an anticancer agent, though precise control of its intracellular levels is crucial. The study explores the impact of hemin and its derivatives, hemin-tyrosine, and hemin-styrene (H-Styr) conjugates on migration, HOX-1 expression, specific apoptosis markers, mitochondrial functions, and ROS generation in breast cancer cells. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations were used to understand the interactions among HOX-1, heme, and the compounds. Hemin outperforms its derivatives in inducing HOX-1 expression, exhibiting pro-oxidative effects and reducing cell migration. Molecular simulations show that heme binds favorably to HOX-1, followed by the other compounds, primarily through van der Waals and electrostatic forces. However, only van der Waals forces determine the H-Styr complexation. These interactions, influenced by metalloporphyrin characteristics, provide insights into HOX-1 regulation and ROS generation, potentially guiding the development of breast cancer therapies targeting oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir M Alsharabasy
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway H91 W2TY, Ireland
| | | | - Konstantinos D Papavasileiou
- Department of ChemoInformatics, Novamechanics Ltd., Nicosia 1070, Cyprus
- Department of Chemoinformatics, Novamechanics MIKE, Piraeus 18545, Greece
- Division of Data Driven Innovation, Entelos Institute, Larnaca 6059, Cyprus
| | - Antreas Afantitis
- Department of ChemoInformatics, Novamechanics Ltd., Nicosia 1070, Cyprus
- Department of Chemoinformatics, Novamechanics MIKE, Piraeus 18545, Greece
- Division of Data Driven Innovation, Entelos Institute, Larnaca 6059, Cyprus
| | - Pau Farràs
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway H91 W2TY, Ireland
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Sharon Glynn
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway H91 W2TY, Ireland
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway H91 YR71, Ireland
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway H91 W2TY, Ireland
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Ali FF, Mokhemer SA, Elroby Ali DM. Administration of hemin ameliorates ovarian ischemia reperfusion injury via modulation of heme oxygenase-1 and p-JNK/p-NF-κBp65/iNOS signaling pathway. Life Sci 2022; 296:120431. [PMID: 35218766 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Ovarian torsion is the fifth common gynecological emergency that can affect females of all ages particularly during reproductive age and its management by detorsion leads to ovarian ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. Therefore, prophylactic measures are required to protect the ovarian function after detorsion. So that, our study aimed to assess the effect and underlying mechanisms of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inducer; hemin against ovarian damage induced by IR injury in rats. MAIN METHODS Female rats were divided into: sham group, hemin group, ovarian IR (OIR) groups with and without hemin treatment. Serum levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and interleukin 1 β (IL-1β) were measured in addition to ovarian levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Ovarian phospho-Janus kinase (p-JNK) levels and gene expressions of HO-1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were determined. Moreover, histopathological changes and expressions of phospho-nuclear factor kappa B p65 (p-NF-κB p65) and cleaved caspase-3 were done. KEY FINDINGS Treatment of OIR rats with hemin led to significant attenuation of ovarian damage through histological examination which was associated with significant increase in ovarian expression of HO-1, ovarian SOD and serum GSH levels with significant decrease in ovarian p-JNK levels, expressions of p-NF-κB p65, iNOS and cleaved caspase-3 in addition to serum IL-1β levels. SIGNIFICANCE The protective effect of hemin can be attributed to the increased expression of HO-1 which showed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. Therefore, hemin can be administered to prevent ovarian IR injury which occurs after detorsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma F Ali
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Sahar A Mokhemer
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Doaa M Elroby Ali
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
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Wassmer CH, Moeckli B, Berney T, Toso C, Orci LA. Shorter Survival after Liver Pedicle Clamping in Patients Undergoing Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Revealed by a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040637. [PMID: 33562666 PMCID: PMC7916026 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent tumor of the liver and represents the second most common cause of oncological-related deaths worldwide. Despite all progress made in the field, surgical resection or liver transplantation are, at the moment, the only curative therapies available. Liver resection, especially for large, central tumors, are at risk of important bleeding. Significative hemorrhage during HCC resections have been linked to an increased rate of post-operative complications and tumor recurrence. Therefore, hepatic pedicle clamping during surgery has been used in order to reduce the bleeding risks. However, this method induces ischemia/reperfusion injuries, which has also been associated with tumor recurrence. For this reason, we aimed to evaluate if pedicle clamping is indeed associated with tumor recurrence and shorter survival, by performing a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis. Abstract Liver pedicle clamping minimizes surgical bleeding during hepatectomy. However, by inducing ischemia-reperfusion injury to the remnant liver, pedicle clamping may be associated with tumor recurrence in the regenerating liver. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) having a high rate of recurrence, evidences demonstrating an eventual association with pedicle clamping is strongly needed. We did a systematic review of the literature until April 2020, looking at studies reporting the impact of liver pedicle clamping on long-term outcomes in patients undergoing liver resection for HCC. Primary and secondary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival, respectively. Results were obtained by random-effect meta-analysis and expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD). Eleven studies were included, accounting for 8087 patients. Results of seven studies were pooled in a meta-analysis. Findings indicated that, as compared to control patients who did not receive liver pedicle clamping, those who did had a significantly shorter OS (SMD = −0.172, 95%CI: −0.298 to −0.047, p = 0.007, I2 = 76.8%) and higher tumor recurrence rates (odds ratio 1.36 1.01 to 1.83. p = 0.044, I2 = 50.7%). This meta-analysis suggests that liver pedicle clamping may have a deleterious impact on long-term outcomes. An individual patient-data meta-analysis of randomized trials evaluating liver pedicle clamping is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beat Moeckli
- Correspondence: (C.-H.W.); (B.M.); Tel.: +41-7866-82206 (C.-H.W.)
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Zhou Y, Jiang Y, Shi R, Chen Z, Li Z, Wei Y, Zhou X. Structural and antioxidant analysis of Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tartaricum Gaertn.) 13S globulin. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:1220-1229. [PMID: 31680256 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main component of buckwheat seed storage proteins is 13S globulin. In this study, Tartary buckwheat 13S globulin was separated and its structural features were investigated using Edman sequencing and matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The protective effect of its enzymatic hydrolysates against oxidative stress induced by H2 O2 was also evaluated to elucidate the antioxidant mechanism. RESULTS Results showed that the isolated Tartary buckwheat 13S globulin contained one acidic and one basic subunit, which were linked by a disulfide bond. Six Tartary buckwheat active peptides were obtained from the enzymatic hydrolysates of Tartary buckwheat 13S globulin acidic subunit with a molecular weight of 38 kDa, namely Pep-1, Pep-2, Pep-3, Pep-4, Pep-5, and Pep-6. Pre-treatment of cells with Tartary buckwheat active peptides maintained the redox state balance of HepG2 cells and protected the activity of antioxidant enzymes in HepG2 cells. The Tartary buckwheat active peptides improved oxidative stress in HepG2 cells via the PPAR-α/HO-1 pathway. CONCLUSION These results provide an insight into the antioxidant mechanism of Tartary buckwheat 13S globulin and suggest that Tartary buckwheat active peptides can be used as a functional ingredient in the food industry. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaoli Zhou
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
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The Role of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Remote Ischemic and Anesthetic Organ Conditioning. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090403. [PMID: 31527528 PMCID: PMC6770180 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytoprotective effects of the heme oxygenase (HO) pathway are widely acknowledged. These effects are mainly mediated by degradation of free, pro-oxidant heme and the generation of carbon monoxide (CO) and biliverdin. The underlying mechanisms of protection include anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory properties. Upregulation of the inducible isoform HO-1 under stress conditions plays a crucial role in preventing or reducing cell damage. Therefore, modulation of the HO-1 system might provide an efficient strategy for organ protection. Pharmacological agents investigated in the context of organ conditioning include clinically used anesthetics and sedatives. A review from Hoetzel and Schmidt from 2010 nicely summarized the effects of anesthetics on HO-1 expression and their role in disease models. They concluded that HO-1 upregulation by anesthetics might prevent or at least reduce organ injury due to harmful stimuli. Due to its clinical safety, anesthetic conditioning might represent an attractive pharmacological tool for HO-1 modulation in patients. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC), first described in 1993, represents a similar secure option to induce organ protection, especially in its non-invasive form. The efficacy of RIC has been intensively studied herein, including on patients. Studies on the role of RIC in influencing HO-1 expression to induce organ protection are emerging. In the first part of this review, recently published pre-clinical and clinical studies investigating the effects of anesthetics on HO-1 expression patterns, the underlying signaling pathways mediating modulation and its causative role in organ protection are summarized. The second part of this review sums up the effects of RIC.
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Zhang P, Ma L, Yang Z, Li H, Gao Z. Study on the detoxification mechanisms to 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrinato iron(III) chloride (FeTPPS), an efficient pro-oxidant of heme water-soluble analogue. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 189:40-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Al-Rasheed NM, Attia HA, Mohamad RA, Al-Rasheed NM, Al Fayez M, Al-Amin MA. Date fruits inhibit hepatocyte apoptosis and modulate the expression of hepatocyte growth factor, cytochrome P450 2E1 and heme oxygenase-1 in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis. Arch Physiol Biochem 2017; 123:78-92. [PMID: 27960551 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2016.1251945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Date fruits have protective effects against liver fibrosis; however their anti-apoptotic effects have not been investigated. OBJECTIVE To investigate the modulating effects of date fruits on pro- and anti-apoptotic markers, cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in liver fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Liver fibrosis was induced by injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) for eight weeks. Date flesh extract (DFE) and pits extract (DPE) were taken daily concomitant with CCl4. Hepatocyte apoptosis was determined by measuring the expression of Fas, caspase-3, Bax, Bcl2 and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1). Hepatic levels of HGF and CYP2E1 were determined. RESULTS Treatment with DFE and DPE significantly attenuated the elevated levels of Fas, caspase 3, Bax and CYP2E1 induced by CCl4. In addition, they alleviated the reduction in Bcl2, HGF and HO-1, the cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic factors in liver. Conclusions DFE and DPE treatment can ameliorate liver fibrosis by inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouf M Al-Rasheed
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala A Attia
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- b Department of Biochemistry , College of Pharmacy, Mansoura University , Mansoura , Egypt , and
| | - Raeesa A Mohamad
- c Anatomy Department , Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal M Al-Rasheed
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Musaed Al Fayez
- c Anatomy Department , Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University , Riyadh , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha A Al-Amin
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , Riyadh , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Aziz NM, Kamel MY, Rifaai RA. Eff ects of hemin, a heme oxygenase-1 inducer in L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis and associated lung injury in adult male albino rats. Endocr Regul 2017; 51:20-30. [DOI: 10.1515/enr-2017-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective. The aim of the current study was to assess the protective outcome of hemin, a heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inducer on L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis in rats. Acute pancreatitis (AP) is considered to be a critical inflammatory disorder with a major impact on the patient health. Various theories have been recommended regarding the pathophysiology of AP and associated pulmonary complications.
Methods. Twenty-four adult male albino rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, acute pancreatitis (AP), hemin pre-treated AP group, and hemin post-treated AP group.
Results. Administration of hemin before induction of AP significantly attenuated the L-arginine- induced pancreatitis and associated pulmonary complications characterized by the increasing serum levels of amylase, lipase, tumor necrosis factor-α, nitric oxide, and histo-architectural changes in pancreas and lungs as compared to control group. Additionally, pre-treatment with hemin significantly compensated the deficits in total antioxidant capacities and lowered the elevated malondialdehyde levels observed with AP. On the other hand, post-hemin administration did not show any protection against L-arginine-induced AP.
Conclusions. The current study indicates that the induction of HO-1 by hemin pre-treatment significantly ameliorated the L-arginine-induced pancreatitis and associated pulmonary complications may be due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. M. Aziz
- Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, 61111, Minia, Egypt
| | - M. Y. Kamel
- Departments of Physiology, Pharmacology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - R. A. Rifaai
- Departments of Physiology, Pharmacology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Attia H, Al-Rasheed N, Mohamad R, Al-Rasheed N, Al-Amin M. The antifibrotic and fibrolytic properties of date fruit extract via modulation of genotoxicity, tissue-inhibitor of metalloproteinases and nuclear factor- kappa B pathway in a rat model of hepatotoxicity. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:414. [PMID: 27776513 PMCID: PMC5078931 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1388-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic fibrosis and its end point; cirrhosis, are the major cause of liver failure and death in patients with chronic liver disease. Therefore, the need for an effective treatment is evident. This study was designed to assess the potential effects of aqueous extract of date fruits, either flesh (DFE) or pits (DPE), on oxidative DNA damage and liver inflammation induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and whether they are related to inhibition of nuclear factor-κB pathway. In addition, the fibrolytic potential was evaluated via measuring matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases -1 and -2. METHODS Rats were divided into the following groups: normal control, model control (CCl4 only), CCl4 + DFE, CCl4 + DPE and CCl4 + coffee. Coffee was used as a positive control. Fibrosis was induced by chronic administration of CCl4 (0.4 ml/kg) 3× a week for 8 weeks, and rats were treated with 6 ml/kg/day of DFE or DPE for 8 weeks. Liver homogenate was prepared for evaluation of oxidative stress, DNA damage, inflammatory and fibrolytic markers. Data are analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by a Tukey-Kramer post hoc test. RESULTS Both DFE and DPE significantly attenuated CCl4-induced oxidative damage as indicated by reducing lipid, protein and DNA oxidation in addition to increasing the levels of hepatic catalase activity. Both extracts blocked the accumulation of collagen I in the liver and ameliorated the increased expression of collagen III and α-smooth muscle actin suggesting suppression of profibrotic response induced by CCl4. DFE and DPE also upregulated the expression of heme oxygenase-1 and attenuated the nuclear factor-κB activation and cycloxygenase-2 expression reflecting their anti-inflammatory potential. Additionally, both flesh and pits extracts attenuated the increase in the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases -1 and -2 suggesting their fibrolytic activity. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that DFE or DPE can prevent liver fibrosis by suppressing genotoxicity and nuclear factor-κB inflammatory pathway and by promoting collagen degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Nouf Al-Rasheed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Raeesa Mohamad
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal Al-Rasheed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Al-Amin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11495, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Wang J, Li F, Ding J, Tian G, Jiang M, Gao Z, Tuyghun E. Investigation of the anti‑asthmatic activity of Oridonin on a mouse model of asthma. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:2000-6. [PMID: 27431862 PMCID: PMC4991768 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oridonin is an extract obtained from a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Xihuangcao. Previous studies have demonstrated that Oridonin exerts various pharmaceutical effects, such as anti-tumor and immunosuppressive effects, as well as modulating cytokine balance. The present study identified that Oridonin could regulate the Th1/Th2 cytokine balance in mice. However, as the anti-asthmatic effect of Oridonin is currently unknown a mouse model of asthma was used in the present study. BALB/c mice were sensitized using ovalbumin (OVA), then the sensitized mice were treated with Oridonin prior to OVA challenge. The in vivo study indicated that Oridonin decreased the OVA-induced airway hyper-responsiveness significantly (P<0.05). In addition, the results indicated that in Oridonin-treated mice, the eosinophil number and total inflammatory cell number in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid decreased significantly in the Oridonin group when compared with the control group. Further study indicated that Oridonin significantly decreased the level of inflammatory cytokines, which were induced by OVA, in BAL fluid. Histological studies were performed to evaluate the effect of Oridonin on eosinophilia and mucus in the airway, the results indicated that Oridonin significantly inhibited the eosinophilia and mucus production in the lungs. Therefore the present study demonstrated that Oridonin regulates Th1/Th2 balance in mice and exhibited anti-asthmatic effects in a mouse model of asthma. These findings indicate that Oridonin may serve as a potential therapeutic compound for the treatment of asthma in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research, TCM Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Fengsen Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research, TCM Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Jianbing Ding
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research, TCM Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Ge Tian
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research, TCM Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Min Jiang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research, TCM Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Gao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research, TCM Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
| | - Ehbal Tuyghun
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Research, TCM Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang 830011, P.R. China
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A multidrug cocktail approach attenuates ischemic-type biliary lesions in liver transplantation from non-heart-beating donors. Med Hypotheses 2016; 91:47-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Lu X, Chen-Roetling J, Regan RF. Systemic hemin therapy attenuates blood-brain barrier disruption after intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 70:245-51. [PMID: 24952361 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Injury to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a key feature of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and may contribute to perihematomal cell injury. Pretreatment with the heme oxygenase (HO)-1 inducer hemin improves barrier function and neurological outcome in experimental models of traumatic and ischemic CNS injury. Since hemin is already in clinical use to treat acute porphyrias, this translational study was designed to test its effect on BBB function when initiated after ICH in two mouse models. At a dose similar to those used in most preconditioning studies (26mg/kg i.p.), post-hemorrhage treatment with hemin reduced parenchymal extravasation of Evans blue by about three-quarters in both the blood injection and collagenase ICH models. Similar efficacy was observed when treatment was begun at 1 or 3h. At the lower dose that is currently in clinical use (4mg/kg beginning at 3h), hemin also improved barrier function in both models, as assessed by both Evans blue and FITC-dextran leakage; however, it was somewhat less potent, reducing Evans blue leakage by about half. This dose was nevertheless sufficient to attenuate striatal cell loss and accelerate neurological recovery. Consistent with prior observations, striatal HO-1 expression was increased by hemin, and was localized to perivascular cells. These results suggest that hemin may be an effective therapy for ICH with a clinically relevant time window. Further study of the repurposing of this old drug seems warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangping Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, College Building Room 813, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Jing Chen-Roetling
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, College Building Room 813, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Raymond F Regan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, 1025 Walnut Street, College Building Room 813, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States.
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Dutra FF, Bozza MT. Heme on innate immunity and inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2014; 5:115. [PMID: 24904418 PMCID: PMC4035012 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme is an essential molecule expressed ubiquitously all through our tissues. Heme plays major functions in cellular physiology and metabolism as the prosthetic group of diverse proteins. Once released from cells and from hemeproteins free heme causes oxidative damage and inflammation, thus acting as a prototypic damage-associated molecular pattern. In this context, free heme is a critical component of the pathological process of sterile and infectious hemolytic conditions including malaria, hemolytic anemias, ischemia-reperfusion, and hemorrhage. The plasma scavenger proteins hemopexin and albumin reduce heme toxicity and are responsible for transporting free heme to intracellular compartments where it is catabolized by heme-oxygenase enzymes. Upon hemolysis or severe cellular damage the serum capacity to scavenge heme may saturate and increase free heme to sufficient amounts to cause tissue damage in various organs. The mechanism by which heme causes reactive oxygen generation, activation of cells of the innate immune system and cell death are not fully understood. Although heme can directly promote lipid peroxidation by its iron atom, heme can also induce reactive oxygen species generation and production of inflammatory mediators through the activation of selective signaling pathways. Heme activates innate immune cells such as macrophages and neutrophils through activation of innate immune receptors. The importance of these events has been demonstrated in infectious and non-infectious diseases models. In this review, we will discuss the mechanisms behind heme-induced cytotoxicity and inflammation and the consequences of these events on different tissues and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabianno F. Dutra
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Imunidade, Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo T. Bozza
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Imunidade, Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Kuypers FA. Hemoglobin S Polymerization and Red Cell Membrane Changes. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2014; 28:155-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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15
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Marques TG, Chaib E, da Fonseca JH, Lourenço ACR, Silva FD, Ribeiro MAF, Galvão FHF, D'Albuquerque LAC. Review of experimental models for inducing hepatic cirrhosis by bile duct ligation and carbon tetrachloride injection. Acta Cir Bras 2013; 27:589-94. [PMID: 22850713 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502012000800013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To present a review about a comparative study of bile duct ligation versus carbon tetrachloride Injection for inducing experimental liver cirrhosis. METHODS This research was made through Medline/PubMed and SciELO web sites looking for papers on the content "induction of liver cirrhosis in rats". We have found 107 articles but only 30 were selected from 2004 to 2011. RESULTS The most common methods used for inducing liver cirrhosis in the rat were administration of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and bile duct ligation (BDL). CCl4 has induced cirrhosis from 36 hours to 18 weeks after injection and BDL from seven days to four weeks after surgery. CONCLUSION For a safer inducing cirrhosis method BDL is better than CCl4 because of the absence of toxicity for researches and shorter time for achieving it.
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Wang Y, Wong GTC, Man K, Irwin MG. Pretreatment with intrathecal or intravenous morphine attenuates hepatic ischaemia-reperfusion injury in normal and cirrhotic rat liver. Br J Anaesth 2012; 109:529-39. [PMID: 22745352 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aes209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opioids have been shown to attenuate ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in a number of organs. We evaluated the effect of morphine pretreatment on IRI in both normal and cirrhotic rat liver. METHODS Morphine was administered either i.v. or intrathecally (i.t.) 10 min before initiating 1 h of ischaemia followed by 6 h reperfusion in normal rat liver. Hepatic injury was assessed histologically using Suzuki's criteria. These manoeuvres were repeated using the optimal dose of morphine after administration of naloxone methiodide and wortmannin. Serum levels of transaminases were measured, and expression of phosphorylated Akt, Jak2, and STAT3 were assessed by immunoblotting. Similar procedures were repeated on rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced liver cirrhosis, and the levels of phosphorylated protein kinase C (PKC), haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were also evaluated, as these proteins have beneficial effects during IRI. RESULTS Morphine pretreatment at 100 µg kg(-1) (i.v.) or 10 µg (i.t.) reduced necrosis, apoptosis, and serum transaminase levels, and increased phosphorylated Akt and STAT3 but not JAK2 expression in normal liver. These changes were reversed by prior administration of naloxone methiodide and wortmannin. Although morphine preconditioning was also protective in cirrhotic liver, STAT3 and JAK2 phosphorylation status was unchanged. There was, however, increased expression of phosphorylated PKC and HO-1, and a reduction in iNOS. CONCLUSIONS Morphine preconditioning protects against IRI in both normal and cirrhotic rat liver. This involves opioid receptors, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, and Akt. The downstream pathways involved are different for cirrhotic liver, with preliminary evidence suggesting involvement of HO-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
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Li SD, Wang L, Wang KY, Liang P, Wu G, Zhang KQ, Li QS, Jin FS. Heme oxygenase-1 expression and its significance for acute rejection following kidney transplantation in rats. Transplant Proc 2011; 43:1980-4. [PMID: 21693311 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Revised: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze rejection and antiapoptotic effects of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in kidney transplantations, to investigate the protective effects of endogenous HO-1 induced by hemin on acute rat kidney allograft rejection. METHODS We selected 27 Brown-Norway rats and 27 male Lewis rats as donors and recipients, respectively, randomly dividing them into three groups: kidney transplantation alone, hemin treatment group, and cyclosporine (CsA) group (n = 18). Six recipient rats were harvested on the first, fifth, or seventh days after operation among each group to examine histopathologic changes in renal tissue, HO-1 protein expression, and acute rejection as well as to measure serum creatinine values. RESULTS HO-1 expression in both the kidney transplantation model group and the hemin-induced groups were higher compared with the CsA group (P < .05-.01). The expression increased with the aggravation of rejection; the expression in the CsA group also increased after transplantation but was obviously lower than that of the hemin-induced group (P < .01). The rejection process was relatively mild as indenset by histopathologic examination. The serum creatinine levels among the hemin-induced group were lower compared to the kidney transplantation control group (P < .05), but higher compared to the CsA group (P < .05). CONCLUSION HO-1 provided protection of allografts against rejection in rats, but such effects were poorer than those achieved using potent immunosuppressive agents like CsA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-D Li
- Department of Urology, General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, Chengdu China.
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Wang RQ, Nan YM, Wu WJ, Kong LB, Han F, Zhao SX, Kong L, Yu J. Induction of heme oxygenase-1 protects against nutritional fibrosing steatohepatitis in mice. Lipids Health Dis 2011; 10:31. [PMID: 21314960 PMCID: PMC3048569 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-10-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an antioxidant defense enzyme, has been shown to protect against oxidant-induced liver injury. However, its role on liver fibrosis remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the effect and the mechanism of HO-1 in nutritional fibrosing steatohepatitis in mice. METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice were fed with a methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet for eight weeks to induce hepatic fibrosis. HO-1 chemical inducer (hemin), HO-1 chemical inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP-IX) and/or adenovirus carrying HO-1 gene (Ad-HO-1) were administered to mice, respectively. Liver injury was assessed by serum ALT, AST levels and histological examination; hepatic lipid peroxides levels were determined; the expression levels of several fibrogenic related genes were assayed by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot. RESULTS MCD feeding mice showed progressive hepatic injury including hepatic steatosis, inflammatory infiltration and fibrosis. Induction of HO-1 by hemin or Ad-HO-1 significantly attenuated the severity of liver injury. This effect was associated with the up-regulation of HO-1, reduction of hepatic lipid peroxides levels, down-regulation of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6 and suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 as well as the pro-fibrotic genes alpha-smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor-β1, matrix metallopeptidase-2 and matrix metallopeptidase-9. A contrary effect was observed in mice treated with ZnPP-IX. CONCLUSIONS The present study provided the evidence for the protective role of HO-1 in ameliorating MCD diet-induced fibrosing steatohepatitis. Modulation of HO-1 expression might serve as a therapeutic approach for fibrotic steatohepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Qi Wang
- Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Yun N, Eum HA, Lee SM. Protective role of heme oxygenase-1 against liver damage caused by hepatic ischemia and reperfusion in rats. Antioxid Redox Signal 2010; 13:1503-12. [PMID: 20446775 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2009.2873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the time course of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 expression and the role of endogenous HO-1 in hepatic ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). Rats were pretreated with hemin, an HO-1 inducer, and zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP), an HO-1 inhibitor. Hepatic HO activity increased at 1 h after reperfusion, reaching a maximum at 6 h after reperfusion and then declined. HO-1 mRNA and protein expression in I/R liver were upregulated prior to reperfusion and highly induced again by reperfusion. The ALT level was upregulated at all time points, with a peak at 4-6 h. This increase was augmented by ZnPP but attenuated by hemin. Lipid peroxidation and serum HMGB1 release significantly increased at 1 h after reperfusion and remained elevated throughout the 24 h of reperfusion period, whereas the glutathione content decreased markedly at 4-6 h after reperfusion. These changes were attenuated by hemin but augmented by ZnPP. The levels of serum TNF-α, iNOS, and COX-2 protein and mRNA expressions were upregulated after reperfusion, further enhanced by ZnPP, and suppressed by hemin. HO-1 overexpression protects the liver against I/R injury by modulating oxidative stress and proinflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nari Yun
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon-si, South Korea
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20
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular occlusion to prevent haemorrhage during liver resection causes ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Insights into the mechanisms of IR injury gathered from experimental models have contributed to the development of therapeutic approaches, some of which have already been tested in randomized clinical trials. METHODS The review was based on a PubMed search using the terms 'ischemia AND hepatectomy', 'ischemia AND liver', 'hepatectomy AND drug treatment', 'liver AND intermittent clamping' and 'liver AND ischemic preconditioning'; only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. RESULTS Twelve RCTs reported on ischaemic preconditioning and intermittent clamping. Both strategies seem to confer protection and allow extension of ischaemia time. Fourteen RCTs evaluating pharmacological interventions, including antioxidants, anti-inflammatory drugs, vasodilators, pharmacological preconditioning and glucose infusion, were identified. CONCLUSION Several strategies to prevent hepatic IR have been developed, but few have been incorporated into clinical practice. Although some pharmacological strategies showed promising results with improved clinical outcome there is not sufficient evidence to recommend them.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bahde
- Surgical Research, Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Muenster University Hospital, Waldeyer Strasse 1, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
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Volatile anesthetics might be more beneficial than propofol for postoperative liver function in cirrhotic patients receiving hepatectomy. Med Hypotheses 2010; 75:555-7. [PMID: 20709457 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2010.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2010] [Accepted: 07/15/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic inflow occlusion during the liver surgery may result in a transient ischemia period followed by reperfusion, and may initiate liver injury and lead to postoperative liver dysfunction. Especially in cirrhotic patients, the tolerance time of ischemia is much shorter and the outcome would be worse. Recently, clinical trials had proved that volatile anesthetics rather than propofol can protect myocardial cells from ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury in cardiac surgery. Meanwhile, animal studies had revealed that volatile anesthetics could induce some endogenous protective molecules in the liver such as hypoxia induced factor-1 (HIF-1), heme oxygenase (HO) enzyme system and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which make the volatile anesthetics posing the extraordinary anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and vasodilatory characteristics. However, there is still lack of trials to compare the postoperative outcomes such as liver function in cirrhotic patients undergoing liver surgery with inflow occlusion between volatile anesthetics and propofol anesthesia. Hence we hypothesize that with its anti-IR injury characteristics, volatile anesthetics might be the more appropriate choice in cirrhotic patients undergoing liver surgery with occlusion.
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Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) system catabolizes heme into three products: carbon monoxide, biliverdin/bilirubin and free iron. It is involved in many physiological and pathophysiological processes. A great deal of data has demonstrated the roles of HO-1 in the formation, growth and metastasis of tumors. The interest in this system by investigators involved in gastrointestinal tumors is fairly recent, and few papers on HO-1 have touched upon this subject. This review focuses on the current understanding of the physiological significance of HO-1 induction and its possible roles in the gastrointestinal tumors studied to date. The implications for possible therapeutic manipulation of HO-1 in gastrointestinal tumors are also discussed.
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Harten SK, Ashcroft M, Maxwell PH. Prolyl hydroxylase domain inhibitors: a route to HIF activation and neuroprotection. Antioxid Redox Signal 2010; 12:459-80. [PMID: 19737089 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2009.2870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death worldwide, and current therapeutic options are very limited. Preconditioning with an ischemic or hypoxic insult is beneficial in experimental models of ischemic stroke. Ischemia/hypoxia results in activation of numerous transcription factors, including hypoxia inducible factor (HIF), which is a master regulator of oxygen homeostasis. HIF activation induces a diverse range of target genes, encompassing a wide variety of cellular processes; including angiogenesis, energy metabolism, cell survival, radical production/scavenging, iron metabolism, stem cell homing, and differentiation. Inhibition of HIF prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) enzymes results in activation of HIF and is likely to mimic, at least in part, the effects of hypoxia preconditioning. A caveat is that not all consequences of HIF activation will be beneficial and some could even be deleterious. Nevertheless, PHD inhibitors may be therapeutically useful in the treatment of stroke. Prototype PHD inhibitors have shown promising results in preclinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Harten
- Division of Medicine, Rayne Institute, University College London, University Street, London, United Kingdom.
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Pardo M, Tirosh O. Protective signalling effect of manganese superoxide dismutase in hypoxia-reoxygenation of hepatocytes. Free Radic Res 2010; 43:1225-39. [PMID: 19905985 DOI: 10.3109/10715760903271256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the mechanism by which MnSOD exerts its protective effect in hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury in hepatocytes. Following induction of H/R, MnSOD expression and activity levels increased and remained high for over 24 h. Hepatocytes silenced for MnSOD (siMnSOD) demonstrated increased susceptibility to H/R-induced apoptotic cell death and a lower capacity to generate mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Microarray and real time PCR analysis of gene expression from siMnSOD cells revealed a number of down-regulated protective genes, including hemeoxygenase-1, glutamate-cysteine ligase and Nrf2, a master regulator of cellular adaptation to stress. Decreased Nrf2 protein expression and nuclear translocation were also confirmed in siMnSOD cells. siMnSOD cells showed low glutathione (GSH) content with no oxidation to GSSG, lower lipid peroxidation levels than their controls and lower mitochondrial membrane potential, which all were even more salient after H/R. Therefore, MnSOD appears to act as a signalling mediator for the activation of survival genes following H/R injury in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Pardo
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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Yu Y, Sun L, Ma L, Li J, Hu L, Liu J. Investigation of the immunosuppressive activity of Physalin H on T lymphocytes. Int Immunopharmacol 2009; 10:290-7. [PMID: 19951747 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2009.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2009] [Revised: 10/15/2009] [Accepted: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Physalis angulata is an annual herb widely used in folk medicine. It is mainly used for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Following bioactivity-guided isolation, a representative immunosuppressive compound, Physalin H was been identified from this herb medicine. The purpose of this work was to assess the immunosuppressive activity of Physalin H on T cells and to explore its potential mode of action. The results showed that Physalin H in a dose-dependent manner significantly inhibited the proliferation of T cells induced by concanavalin A (ConA) and by the mixed lymphocyte culture reaction (MLR). This inhibitive activity was mainly due to interfering DNA replication in G1 stages. In vivo experiments showed that, administration of Physalin H dose-dependently suppressed CD4(+) T cell mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions, and suppressed antigen-specific T-cell response in ovalbumin (OVA) immunized mice. Further study indicated that Physalin H could modulate Th1/Th2 cytokine balance and induce the production of immune regulation target Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 in T-cells in vitro. In this study, we demonstrated the immunosuppressive effect of Physalin H on T cells both in vitro and in vivo, and the immunosuppressive activity might be attributed to the suppression of T cell activation and proliferation, the modulation of Th1/Th2 cytokine balance and the induction of HO-1 in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjun Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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26
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Protective effect of hemin against cadmium-induced testicular damage in rats. Toxicology 2009; 257:153-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2008.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2008] [Revised: 12/18/2008] [Accepted: 12/18/2008] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Fouad AA, Yacoubi MT, El-Bidawy MH. Therapeutic potential of hemin in acetaminophen nephrotoxicity in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2009; 27:277-282. [PMID: 21783952 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2008.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2008] [Revised: 10/27/2008] [Accepted: 11/09/2008] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of hemin, the heme oxygenase-1 inducer, was investigated against renal damage induced by acute acetaminophen overdose in rats. Nephrotoxicity was induced by a single oral dose of acetaminophen (2.5g/kg). Hemin was given as a single s.c. injection (40μmol/kg), 1h following acetaminophen administration. Hemin treatment restored blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels that were elevated by acetaminophen. Hemin also compensated deficits in the antioxidant defense mechanisms (reduced glutathione, and catalase and superoxide dismutase activities), and suppressed lipid peroxidation in renal tissue resulted from acetaminophen administration. Hemin attenuated the acetaminophen-induced elevations in renal tumor necrosis factor-α and nitric oxide levels, and caspase-3 activity. Additionally, hemin ameliorated acetaminophen-induced renal damage observed by light microscopic examination. The therapeutic effect afforded by hemin was abolished by prior administration of zinc protoporphyrin-IX, the heme oxygenase-1 inhibitor. It was concluded that hemin represents a potential therapeutic option to protect renal tissue from the detrimental effects of acute acetaminophen overdose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr A Fouad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al-Ahsa, King Faisal University, Postal code: 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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Shaik IH, George JM, Thekkumkara TJ, Mehvar R. Protective Effects of Diallyl Sulfide, a Garlic Constituent, on the Warm Hepatic Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in a Rat Model. Pharm Res 2008; 25:2231-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-008-9601-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2008] [Accepted: 04/11/2008] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Chang T, Wu L, Wang R. Inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by chronic hemin treatment. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2008; 295:H999-H1007. [PMID: 18621849 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01289.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Hemin, an oxidized form of heme, is an essential regulator of gene expression and cell cycle progression. Our laboratory previously reported (34) that chronic hemin treatment of spontaneously hypertensive rats reversed the eutrophic inward remodeling of small peripheral arteries. Whether long-term treatment of cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) with hemin alters the proliferation status of these cells has been unknown. In the present study, hemin treatment at 5 muM for 4, 7, 14, and 21 days significantly inhibited the proliferation of cultured rat aortic VSMCs (A-10 cells) by arresting cells at G0/G1 phases so as to decelerate cell cycle progression. Heme oxygenase (HO) activity and inducible HO-1 protein expression were significantly increased by hemin treatment. HO inhibitor tin protoporphyrin IX (SnPP) abolished the effects of hemin on cell proliferation and HO activity. Interestingly, hemin-induced HO-1 expression was further increased in the presence of SnPP. Hemin treatment had no significant effect on the expression of constitutive HO-2. Expression of p21 protein and the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were decreased by hemin treatment, which was reversed by application of SnPP. After removal of hemin from culture medium, inhibited cell proliferation and increased HO-1 expression in VSMCs were returned to control level within 1 wk. Transfection with HO-1 small interfering RNA significantly knocked down HO-1 expression and decreased HO activity, but had no effect on HO-2 expression, in cells treated with or without hemin for 7 days. The inhibitory effect of hemin on cell proliferation was abolished in HO-1 silenced cells. It is concluded that induction of HO-1 and, consequently, increased HO activity are responsible for the chronic inhibitory effect of hemin on VSMC proliferation. Changes in the levels of p21 and ROS might also participate in the cellular effects of hemin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuanjie Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Kwon YS, Foley JD, Russell P, McAnulty JF, Murphy CJ. Prevention of cold ischemia/rewarming-induced ERK 1/2, p38 kinase and HO-1 activation by trophic factor supplementation of UW solution. Cryobiology 2008; 57:72-4. [PMID: 18538757 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2008.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2007] [Revised: 04/05/2008] [Accepted: 04/07/2008] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that trophic factor supplementation (TFS) of University of Wisconsin (UW) solution reduced early apoptotic changes in vascular endothelial cells. Here, we examine the effect of TFS on cell signaling pathways related to cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis after cold ischemic storage. In this study, the effect of TFS on the phosphorylation of signaling molecules ERK (extracellular regulated-signaling kinase) 1/2 and p38 MAPK (mitogen activated protein kinases) and of HO-1 (hemeoxygenase-1), relative to changes seen in unmodified UW solution, were determined by Western blot in cells stored under cold ischemic conditions. Primary cultures of canine kidney proximal tubule cells (CKPTC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were used in this study. There was a significant decrease, relative to UW solution, after 1 min rewarming in ERK 1 and 2 activity in CKPTCs. For p38 MAPK, a significant decrease after 5 min rewarming was seen in CKPTC (p<0.05) while significant reductions relative to UW solution were seen in HUVECs after both 1 and 5 min rewarming (p<0.05). Phosphorylated HO-1 was also decreased by 43% and 50% in HUVECs, relative to UW solution, after 1 and 5 min rewarming (p<0.05 at each time point). Collectively, TFS not only limits ERK 1/2 and p38 MAPK activity induced by cold ischemic injury and subsequent rewarming, but also substantially restricted increases in HO-1 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Sam Kwon
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, 2015 Linden Drive W, Madison, WI 53706-1102, USA
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