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Kong T, Fang Y, Fan X, Li S. KCMF1-like suppresses white spot syndrome virus infection by promoting apoptosis in mud crab (Scylla paramamosain). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:109158. [PMID: 37832749 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Potassium channel modulatory factor 1 (KCMF1), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, plays a vital role in renal tubulogenesis, preeclampsia, and tumor development in mammals. Nevertheless, the function of KCMF1 in invertebrates remains to be investigated. Here, we identified KCMF1-like from Scylla paramamosian, encoding 242 amino acids with two zinc finger domains at the N-terminal. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis revealed that KCMF1-like was expressed in all tested tissues, including hemocytes, brain, mid-intestine, subcuticular epidermis, gills, muscle, heart, and stomach, with higher levels in muscle and mid-intestine. KCMF1-like was up-regulated in the hemocytes of mud crabs challenged with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). RNA interference (RNAi) was performed to investigate the impact of KCMF1-like on the proliferation of WSSV in mud crabs. Knock-down of KCMF1-like resulted in an increase of the WSSV copy number and an impairment of the hemocytes apoptosis rate in vivo. In addition, KCMF1-like could also affect the mitochondrial membrane potential. Collectively, these results revealed that KCMF1-like might play a crucial role in the defense against virus infection in mud crab. This study contributes a novel insight into the role of KCMF1-like in the antiviral immune defense mechanism in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
| | - Yameng Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Xinyue Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Shengkang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
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Zhu T, Lou Q, Shi Z, Chen G. Identification of key miRNA-gene pairs in gastric cancer through integrated analysis of mRNA and miRNA microarray. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:253-269. [PMID: 33527022 PMCID: PMC7847513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the current bioinformatic methods have been increasingly applied in the field of oncological research. In this study, we expect a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of gastric cancer from the bioinformatic methods. By systematically addressing the differential expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNAs between gastric cancer specimens and normal gastric specimens with the application of bioinformatics tools, A total of 206 DEGs and 38 DEMs were identified. The Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in biological process, molecular function and cellular component, while Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database showed DEGs were significantly enriched in 8 signal pathways. The miRNA-gene regulatory network was constructed based on 385 miRNA-gene (DEM-DEG) pairs, consisting of 35 miRNAs and 107 target genes. In the regulatory network, the top 5 up-regulated genes were Transmembrane Protease, Serine 11B (TMPRSS11B), regulator of G protein signaling 1 (RGS1), cysteine rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CYR61), inhibin subunit beta A (INHBA), syntrophin gamma 1 (SNTG1), and the top 5 down-regulated genes were tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 19 (TNFRSF19), pleckstrin homology domain containing B2 (PLEKHB2), Tax1 binding protein 3 (TAX1BP3), presenilin enhancer, gamma-secretase subunit (PSENEN), NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 3 (NME3). Based on the gastric cancer patient database from Kaplan-Meier Plotter tools, we found that 8 of 10 genes with most significant changes in the miRNA-gene regulatory network possessed a prognostic value for survival time of gastric cancer patients. Patients with higher level of RGS1, PLEKHB2, TAX1BP3 and PSENEN in gastric cancer had a longer survival time compared with the patients with lower level of these genes. On the contrary, patients with higher level of INHBA, SNTG1, TNFRSF19 and NME3 were found associated with a shorter survival time. In conclusion, our findings provided several potential targets regarding gastric cancer, which may result in a new strategy to treat gastric cancer from a system rather than a single-gene perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tieming Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Hangzhou First People’s HospitalHangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiuyue Lou
- Department of Health Education, Zhuji People’s Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceShaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhewei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Zhuji People’s Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceShaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ganghong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Zhuji People’s Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceShaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
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14-3-3 σ: A potential biomolecule for cancer therapy. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 511:50-58. [PMID: 32950519 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
As more studies have focused on the function of 14-3-3 proteins, their role in tumor progression has gradually improved. In the 14-3-3 protein family, 14-3-3σ is the protein that is most associated with tumor occurrence and development. In some malignancies, 14-3-3σ acts as a tumor suppressor via p53 and tumor suppressor genes. In most tumors, 14-3-3σ overexpression increases resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and mediates the G2-M checkpoint after DNA damage. Although 14-3-3σ overexpression has been closely associated with poorer prognosis in pancreatic, gastric and colorectal cancer, its role in gallbladder and nasopharyngeal cancer remains less clear. As such, the function of 14-3-3σ in specific cancer types needs to be further clarified. It has been hypothesized that a role may be related to its molecular chaperone function combined with various protein ligands. In this review, we examine the role of 14-3-3σ in tumor development and drug resistance. We discuss the potential of targeting 14-3-3σ regulators in cancer therapy and treatment.
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Suppression of miR-93-5p inhibits high-risk HPV-positive cervical cancer progression via targeting of BTG3. Hum Cell 2019; 32:160-171. [DOI: 10.1007/s13577-018-00225-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Niu ZY, Li WL, Jiang DL, Li YS, Xie XJ. Mir-483 inhibits colon cancer cell proliferation and migration by targeting TRAF1. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2018; 34:479-486. [PMID: 30173777 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are important regulators during human growth and development. Emerging evidence indicates that microRNAs play important roles in colorectal cancer. The aim of this study is to reveal the biological function and direct target gene of miR-483 in colorectal cancer. The biological function of miR-483 on the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells was then examined by Edu assay and transwell assay, respectively. Our findings revealed that miR-483 mimic could significantly inhibit cell proliferation and migration. The target gene of miR-483 was predicted by target scan software and identified by a dual fluorescence reporter system which showed that TRAF1 was a direct target gene of miR-483 in SW480 cell line. These data suggest that miR-483 is a colorectal cancer suppressor which could inhibit cell proliferation and migration, possibly via targeting TRAF1. The miR-483 could be a potential treatment target for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yu Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology I, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Wen-Li Li
- Department of Gastroenterology I, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Da-Lei Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology I, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Yan-Song Li
- Ultrasonography, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Xiang-Jun Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology I, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, PR China.
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Abstract
The cell surface molecule CD99 has gained interest because of its involvement in regulating cell differentiation and adhesion/migration of immune and tumor cells. However, the molecule plays an intriguing and dual role in different cell types. In particular, it acts as a requirement for cell malignancy or as an oncosuppressor in tumors. In addition, the gene encodes for two different isoforms, which also act in opposition inside the same cell. This review highlights key studies focusing on the dual role of CD99 and its isoforms and discusses major critical issues, challenges, and strategies for overcoming those challenges. The review specifically underscores the properties that make the molecule an attractive therapeutic target and identifies new relationships and areas of study that may be exploited. The elucidation of the spatial and temporal control of the expression of CD99 in normal and tumor cells is required to obtain a full appreciation of this molecule and its signaling.
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Yu X, Mi L, Dong J, Zou J. Long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA 1567 (LINC01567) acts as a "sponge" against microRNA-93 in regulating the proliferation and tumorigenesis of human colon cancer stem cells. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:716. [PMID: 29110645 PMCID: PMC5674857 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3731-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered to be the major factor in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, recurrence and chemoresistance. Maintaining the stemness and promoting differentiation of these cells involve various factors. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as new regulatory factors in human cancer cells. However, the function of lncRNAs in colon CSCs is still unknown. Methods Primary colon cancer cells were maintained in serum-free medium to form spheres and CD133+/CD166+/CD44+ spheroid cells were selected using FACS technique. Then we detected growth curve, colony formation, invasion and migration ability, and tumorigenicity of CD133+/CD166+/CD44+ cells. LOCCS-siRNA and pcDNA-LOCCS plasmid vectors were constructed and transfected to evaluate impact of the lncRNA. We also performed dual luciferase reporter assay to verify the interaction of LOCCS and miR-93. Results The research explored lncRNA expression and the regulatory role of novel lncRNAs in colon CSCs. Using the stem cell markers CD133, CD166 and CD44, we found a subpopulation of highly tumorigenic human colon cancer cells. They displayed some characteristics of stem cells, including the ability to proliferate and form colonies, to resist chemotherapeutic drugs, and to produce xenografts in nude mice. We also found an lncRNA, LOCCS, with obviously upregulated expression in colon CSCs. Knockdown of LOCCS reduced cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and generation of tumor xenografts. Furthermore, microRNA-93 (miR-93) and Musashi-1 mediated the tumor suppression of LOCCS knockdown. Conclusions There was reciprocal repression between LOCCS and miR-93. Research on mechanisms suggested direct binding, as a predicted miR-93 binding site was identified in LOCCS. This comprehensive analysis of LOCCS in colon CSCs provides insight for elucidating important roles of the lncRNA–microRNA functional network in human colon cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-017-3731-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, West Yan'an Road 221, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Lin Mi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, West Yan'an Road 221, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Drug Clinical Trial Organization Office, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jian Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, West Yan'an Road 221, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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Ma Y, Tian S, Wang Z, Wang C, Chen X, Li W, Yang Y, He S. CMP‑N‑acetylneuraminic acid synthetase interacts with fragile X related protein 1. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:1501-8. [PMID: 27357083 PMCID: PMC4940058 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), fragile X related 1 protein (FXR1P) and FXR2P are the members of the FMR protein family. These proteins contain two KH domains and a RGG box, which are characteristic of RNA binding proteins. The absence of FMRP, causes fragile X syndrome (FXS), the leading cause of hereditary mental retardation. FXR1P is expressed throughout the body and important for normal muscle development, and its absence causes cardiac abnormality. To investigate the functions of FXR1P, a screen was performed to identify FXR1P-interacting proteins and determine the biological effect of the interaction. The current study identified CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid synthetase (CMAS) as an interacting protein using the yeast two-hybrid system, and the interaction between FXR1P and CMAS was validated in yeast using a β-galactosidase assay and growth studies with selective media. Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation was used to analyze the FXR1P/CMAS association and immunofluorescence microscopy was performed to detect expression and intracellular localization of the proteins. The results of the current study indicated that FXR1P and CMAS interact, and colocalize in the cytoplasm and the nucleus of HEK293T and HeLa cells. Accordingly, a fragile X related 1 (FXR1) gene overexpression vector was constructed to investigate the effect of FXR1 overexpression on the level of monosialotetrahexosylganglioside 1 (GM1). The results of the current study suggested that FXR1P is a tissue-specific regulator of GM1 levels in SH-SY5Y cells, but not in HEK293T cells. Taken together, the results initially indicate that FXR1P interacts with CMAS, and that FXR1P may enhance the activation of sialic acid via interaction with CMAS, and increase GM1 levels to affect the development of the nervous system, thus providing evidence for further research into the pathogenesis of FXS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ma
- Department of Biochemistry & Biology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Tian
- Department of Biochemistry & Biology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Zongbao Wang
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Changbo Wang
- Department of Biochemistry & Biology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Biochemistry & Biology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Biochemistry & Biology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Biochemistry & Biology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Shuya He
- Department of Biochemistry & Biology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
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Xie N, Huang YS, Luo ZF, Xue FG. RNA interference based silencing of YWHAE suppresses proliferation of colon cancer cells. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:4643-4651. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i29.4643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the correlation between YWHAE overexpression and colon cancer proliferation.
METHODS: We conducted immunohistochemical analysis of YWHAE overexpression in 87 colon carcinoma specimens and analyzed its relationship with clinical and pathological parameters. YWHAE expression was then silenced by RNA interference in colon cancer cell line HT-29, and the expression levels of YWHAE protein and mRNA were assayed by Western blot and reverse transcription-PCR, respectively. Cell proliferation was evaluated using the MTT method, and cell cycle and apoptosis were examined by flow cytometry. Colony formation assay was used to determine the growth properties of transfected cells.
RESULTS: YWHAE was highly expressed in colon carcinoma, and negative or low expression was observed in colon mucosal epithelial cells (P < 0.001). The expression intensity of YWHAE was significantly higher in colon cancer with metastasis than in colon cancer without metastasis (P < 0.05). The proliferation and colony formation ability of colon cancer cells were significantly reduced after silencing of YWHAE expression. Additional results showed that reduced YWHAE expression in colon cells led to an increased cell apoptosis rate and cell cycle G1 arrest.
CONCLUSION: YWHAE is overexpressed in colon cancer, which may be related to metastasis in colon carcinoma. Silencing of YWHAE inhibited the proliferation ability of colon cancer cells, which may be associated with cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
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Apostolou P, Toloudi M, Papasotiriou I. Identification of genes involved in breast cancer and breast cancer stem cells. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2015. [PMID: 26203276 PMCID: PMC4507490 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s85202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequent type of cancer in women. Great progress has been made in its treatment but relapse is common. One hypothesis to account for the high recurrence rates is the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which have the ability to self-renew and differentiate into multiple malignant cell types. This study aimed to determine genes that are expressed in breast cancer and breast CSCs and to investigate their correlation with stemness. RNA was extracted from established breast cancer cell lines and from CSCs derived from five different breast cancer patients. DNA microarray analysis was performed and any upregulated genes were also studied in other cancer types, including colorectal and lung cancer. For genes that were expressed only in breast cancer, knockdown-based experiments were performed. Finally, the gene expression levels of stemness transcription factors were measured. The outcome of the analysis indicated a group of genes that were aberrantly expressed mainly in breast cancer cells with stemness properties. Knockdown experiments confirmed the impact of several of these on NANOG, OCT3/4, and SOX2 transcription factors. It seems that several genes that are not directly related with hormone metabolism and basic signal transduction pathways might have an important role in relapse and disease progression and, thus, can be targeted for new treatment approaches for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Apostolou
- Research and Development Department, Research Genetic Cancer Centre Ltd, Florina, Greece
| | - Maria Toloudi
- Research and Development Department, Research Genetic Cancer Centre Ltd, Florina, Greece
| | - Ioannis Papasotiriou
- Research and Development Department, Research Genetic Cancer Centre Ltd, Florina, Greece
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Li XC, Xiong JG, Cheng ZW, Cheng S, Liu QS. Effect of berberine on proliferation and apoptosis of colon cancer HT-29 cells. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:2572-2577. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i18.2572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of berberine on cell proliferation in the human cancer cell line HT-29 and the underlying mechanisms.
METHODS: HT-29 cells in logarithmic growth phase were divided into a control group and a berberine group. The cells in the control group were normally cultured and cells in the berberine group were incubated with berberine (3 μmol/L). MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to examine cell proliferation and apoptotic changes in the two groups after incubation for 72 h. The mRNA expression of JAK2, STAT3, Bax and Bcl-2 was detected by RT-PCR. The changes in expression of JAK2, STAT3, p-JAK2, and p-STAT3 proteins were detected by Western blot. The activity of Caspase 3 was measured using a caspase 3 colorimetric assay kit.
RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the proliferation of HT-29 cells in the berberine group was significantly decreased (P < 0.05), but the apoptosis rate in the berberine group was significantly increased (P < 0.05). After treatment with berberine, the mRNA level of Bax was increased, the mRNA levels of Bcl-2 was decreased and the mRNA level sof JAK2 and STAT3 had no significant changes. Western blot results showed that the expression of total JAK2 and STAT3 proteins showed no significant changes (P < 0.05), the expression of p-JAK2, p-STAT3 and Bcl-2 was decreased, and the expression of Bcl-2 was increased (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the activity of Caspase 3 in the berberine group was significantly increased (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Berberine can inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of HT-29 cells possibly through attenuating the activation of the JAK2/ STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Morales M, Ávila J, González-Fernández R, Boronat L, Soriano ML, Martín-Vasallo P. Differential transcriptome profile of peripheral white cells to identify biomarkers involved in oxaliplatin induced neuropathy. J Pers Med 2014; 4:282-96. [PMID: 25563226 PMCID: PMC4263976 DOI: 10.3390/jpm4020282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Anticancer chemotherapy (CT) produces non-desirable effects on normal healthy cells and tissues. Oxaliplatin is widely used in the treatment of colorectal cancer and responsible for the development of sensory neuropathy in varying degrees, from complete tolerance to chronic neuropathic symptoms. We studied the differential gene expression of peripheral leukocytes in patients receiving oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy to find genes and pathways involved in oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. Circulating white cells were obtained prior and after three cycles of FOLFOX or CAPOX chemotherapy from two groups of patients: with or without neuropathy. RNA was purified, and transcriptomes were analyzed. Differential transcriptomics revealed a total of 502 genes, which were significantly up- or down-regulated as a result of chemotherapy treatment. Nine of those genes were expressed in only one of two situations: CSHL1, GH1, KCMF1, IL36G and EFCAB8 turned off after CT, and CSRP2, IQGAP1, GNRH2, SMIM1 and C5orf17 turned on after CT. These genes are likely to be associated with the onset of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. The quantification of their expression in peripheral white cells may help to predict non-desirable side effects and, consequently, allow a better, more personalized chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Morales
- Service of Oncology, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, 38010 Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Julio Ávila
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Spain.
| | - Rebeca González-Fernández
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Spain.
| | - Laia Boronat
- Service of Oncology, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, 38010 Tenerife, Spain.
| | - María Luisa Soriano
- Service of Oncology, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, 38010 Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Pablo Martín-Vasallo
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of La Laguna, Av. Astrofísico Sánchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Spain.
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