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Xu J, Zhang H, Chen D, Xu K, Li Z, Wu H, Geng X, Wei X, Wu J, Cui W, Wei S. Looking for a Beam of Light to Heal Chronic Pain. J Pain Res 2024; 17:1091-1105. [PMID: 38510563 PMCID: PMC10953534 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s455549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain (CP) is a leading cause of disability and a potential factor that affects biological processes, family relationships, and self-esteem of patients. However, the need for treatment of CP is presently unmet. Current methods of pain management involve the use of drugs, but there are different degrees of concerning side effects. At present, the potential mechanisms underlying CP are not completely clear. As research progresses and novel therapeutic approaches are developed, the shortcomings of current pain treatment methods may be overcome. In this review, we discuss the retinal photoreceptors and brain regions associated with photoanalgesia, as well as the targets involved in photoanalgesia, shedding light on its potential underlying mechanisms. Our aim is to provide a foundation to understand the mechanisms underlying CP and develop light as a novel analgesic treatment has its biological regulation principle for CP. This approach may provide an opportunity to drive the field towards future translational, clinical studies and support pain drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classic Theory of Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Chinese Medicine and Brain Science Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classic Theory of Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Chinese Medicine and Brain Science Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Chen
- Chinese Medicine and Brain Science Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaiyong Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classic Theory of Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Chinese Medicine and Brain Science Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zifa Li
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classic Theory of Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Chinese Medicine and Brain Science Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiwen Geng
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classic Theory of Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Chinese Medicine and Brain Science Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Wei
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Generic Drugs, Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jibiao Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classic Theory of Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Chinese Medicine and Brain Science Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenqiang Cui
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classic Theory of Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Chinese Medicine and Brain Science Interdisciplinary Research Institute, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji’nan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
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2
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Xiong Z, Peng G, Deng J, Liu M, Ning X, Zhuang Y, Yang H, Sun H. Therapeutic targets and potential delivery systems of melatonin in osteoarthritis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1331934. [PMID: 38327517 PMCID: PMC10847247 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1331934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent age-related musculoskeletal disorder that typically results in chronic pain and disability. OA is a multifactorial disease, with increased oxidative stress, dysregulated inflammatory response, and impaired matrix metabolism contributing to its onset and progression. The neurohormone melatonin, primarily synthesized by the pineal gland, has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent for OA due to its potential to alleviate inflammation, oxidative stress, and chondrocyte death with minimal adverse effects. The present review provides a comprehensive summary of the current understanding regarding melatonin as a promising pharmaceutical agent for the treatment of OA, along with an exploration of various delivery systems that can be utilized for melatonin administration. These findings may provide novel therapeutic strategies and targets for inhibiting the advancement of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guoxuan Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jin Deng
- Department of Emergence Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xu Ning
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yong Zhuang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Emergence Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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3
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El Gazzar WB, Sliem RE, Bayoumi H, Nasr HE, Shabanah M, Elalfy A, Radwaan SE, Gebba MA, Mansour HM, Badr AM, Amer MF, Ashour SS, Morsi H, Aboelkomsan ESAF, Baioumy B, Sayed AEDH, Farag AA. Melatonin Alleviates Intestinal Barrier Damaging Effects Induced by Polyethylene Microplastics in Albino Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13619. [PMID: 37686424 PMCID: PMC10488227 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
There have been concerns about the potential health risks posed by microplastics (MP). The detection of MP in a variety of food products revealed that humans are ingesting MP. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of data about their impacts, as well as their uptake, on intestinal barrier integrity. This study examined the toxic effects of oral administration of two doses of polyethylene microplastics (PE-MP) (3.75 or 15 mg/kg/day for 5 weeks; mean particle size: 4.0-6.0 µm) on the intestinal barrier integrity in rats. Moreover, the effect of melatonin treatment with MP exposure was also assessed. The PE-MP particle uptake, histopathological changes, Alcian blue staining, Muc2 mRNA, proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α), and cleaved caspase-3, as well as tight junction proteins (claudin-1, myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK), occludin, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1)) were assessed. Oral administration of PE-MP resulted in apparent jejunal histopathological alterations; significantly decreased mucin secretion, occludin, ZO-1, and claudin-1 expression; and significantly upregulated MLCK mRNA, IL-1β concentration, and cleaved caspase-3 expression. Melatonin reversed these altered parameters and improved the PE-MP-induced histopathological and ultrastructure changes. This study highlighted the PE-MP's toxic effect on intestinal barrier integrity and revealed the protective effect of melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Bayoumie El Gazzar
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;
| | - Rania E. Sliem
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; (R.E.S.); (S.E.R.)
| | - Heba Bayoumi
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; (H.B.); (A.E.)
| | - Hend Elsayed Nasr
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;
| | - Manar Shabanah
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35511, Egypt;
| | - Amira Elalfy
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; (H.B.); (A.E.)
| | - Shaimaa E. Radwaan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; (R.E.S.); (S.E.R.)
| | - Mohammed A. Gebba
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; (M.A.G.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Merit University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Heba M. Mansour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City 12573, Egypt;
| | - Amul M. Badr
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt; (A.M.B.); (M.F.A.); (S.S.A.); (H.M.)
| | - Marwa Fathy Amer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt; (A.M.B.); (M.F.A.); (S.S.A.); (H.M.)
| | - Sara S. Ashour
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt; (A.M.B.); (M.F.A.); (S.S.A.); (H.M.)
| | - Heba Morsi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11451, Egypt; (A.M.B.); (M.F.A.); (S.S.A.); (H.M.)
| | | | - Bodour Baioumy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; (M.A.G.)
| | | | - Amina A. Farag
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt;
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4
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Kwak MJ, Chae KS, Kim JN, Whang KY, Kim Y. Dietary effects of melatonin on growth performance by modulation of protein bioavailability and behavior in early weaned rats and pigs. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 65:1053-1064. [PMID: 37969335 PMCID: PMC10640933 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2023.e44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin, which is produced from tryptophan, exerts various biological functions, including the regulation of circadian rhythm, sedative agents, and antioxidant ability. Therefore, we conducted two experiments with early-weaned rats and pigs to investigate the antioxidant and sedative effects of melatonin. In the rat experiment, a total of 42 rats (21 days old) were used, and the antioxidant capacity was determined. Next, we used 120 early-weaned piglets (21 days old) to conduct a 5-week experiment to evaluate the reductive effect of melatonin on energy-wasting movement, including roaming and fight states. Dietary melatonin supplementation significantly improved growth in both rats and pigs compared to the control groups. Additionally, rats fed a melatonin-supplemented diet showed advanced antioxidant capacity with a decrease in hepatic malondialdehyde concentration compared to rats fed a basal diet. Moreover, dietary melatonin ingestion increased resting and feeding behaviors and reduced roaming and fight behaviors during Days 8-21 compared to the control diet group. Collectively, early weaned animals given dietary melatonin supplementation showed improved growth through upregulation of hepatic antioxidant capacity and minimization of energy-wasting behavior, including roaming and fight states, after pigs' social hierarchy establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jin Kwak
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology
and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National
University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyeong Su Chae
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life
Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841,
Korea
| | - Jong Nam Kim
- Department of Food Science &
Nutrition, Dongseo University, Busan 47011, Korea
| | - Kwang-Youn Whang
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life
Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841,
Korea
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology
and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National
University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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5
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Mehrzadi S, Sheibani M, Koosha F, Alinaghian N, Pourhanifeh MH, Tabaeian SAP, Reiter RJ, Hosseinzadeh A. Protective and therapeutic potential of melatonin against intestinal diseases: updated review of current data based on molecular mechanisms. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:1011-1029. [PMID: 37796746 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2023.2267439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intestinal diseases, a leading global cause of mortality and morbidity, carry a substantial socioeconomic burden. Small and large intestines play pivotal roles in gastrointestinal physiology and food digestion. Pathological conditions, such as gut dysbiosis, inflammation, cancer, therapy-related complications, ulcers, and ischemia, necessitate the urgent exploration of safe and effective complementary therapeutic strategies for optimal intestinal health. AREAS COVERED This article evaluates the potential therapeutic effects of melatonin, a molecule with a wide range of physiological actions, on intestinal diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, colon cancer, gastric/duodenal ulcers and other intestinal disorders. EXPERT OPINION Due to anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties as well as various biological actions, melatonin could be a therapeutic option for improving digestive disorders. However, more researches are needed to fully understand the potential benefits and risks of using melatonin for digestive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sheibani
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Koosha
- Department of Radiology Technology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazila Alinaghian
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Dai P, Shen J, Shen D, Li X, Win-Shwe TT, Li C. Melatonin Ameliorates Apoptosis of A549 Cells Exposed to Chicken House PM 2.5: A Novel Insight in Poultry Production. TOXICS 2023; 11:562. [PMID: 37505528 PMCID: PMC10383700 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11070562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) from the chicken production system can cause lung injury and reduce productivity through prolonged breath as it attaches large amounts of harmful substances and microbes. Melatonin has acted to regulate physiological and metabolic disorders and improve growth performance during poultry production. This research would investigate the apoptosis caused by chicken house PM2.5 on lung pulmonary epithelial cells and the protective action of melatonin. Here, the basal epithelial cells of human lung adenocarcinoma (A549 cells) were subjected to PM2.5 from the broiler breeding house to investigate the apoptosis induced by PM2.5 as well as the alleviation of melatonin. The apoptosis was aggravated by PM2.5 (12.5 and 25 μg/mL) substantially, and the expression of Bcl-2, Bad, Bax, PERK, and CHOP increased dramatically after PM2.5 treatment. Additionally, the up-regulation of cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3 as well as endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related proteins, including ATF6 and CHOP, was observed due to PM2.5 exposure. It is worth noting that melatonin could support A549 cells' survival, in which reduced expression of Bax, Bad, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-9 appeared. Concurrently, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was down-regulated and enhanced the intracellular content of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and catalase (CAT) after treatment by PM2.5 together with melatonin. Collectively, our study underlined that melatonin exerted an anti-apoptotic action on A549 cells by strengthening their antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyuan Dai
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
- Research Center for Livestock Environmental Control and Smart Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiakun Shen
- Research Center for Livestock Environmental Control and Smart Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dan Shen
- Research Center for Livestock Environmental Control and Smart Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- Research Center for Livestock Environmental Control and Smart Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tin-Tin Win-Shwe
- Center for Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan
| | - Chunmei Li
- Research Center for Livestock Environmental Control and Smart Production, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
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Minich DM, Henning M, Darley C, Fahoum M, Schuler CB, Frame J. Is Melatonin the "Next Vitamin D"?: A Review of Emerging Science, Clinical Uses, Safety, and Dietary Supplements. Nutrients 2022; 14:3934. [PMID: 36235587 PMCID: PMC9571539 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin has become a popular dietary supplement, most known as a chronobiotic, and for establishing healthy sleep. Research over the last decade into cancer, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, fertility, PCOS, and many other conditions, combined with the COVID-19 pandemic, has led to greater awareness of melatonin because of its ability to act as a potent antioxidant, immune-active agent, and mitochondrial regulator. There are distinct similarities between melatonin and vitamin D in the depth and breadth of their impact on health. Both act as hormones, affect multiple systems through their immune-modulating, anti-inflammatory functions, are found in the skin, and are responsive to sunlight and darkness. In fact, there may be similarities between the widespread concern about vitamin D deficiency as a "sunlight deficiency" and reduced melatonin secretion as a result of "darkness deficiency" from overexposure to artificial blue light. The trend toward greater use of melatonin supplements has resulted in concern about its safety, especially higher doses, long-term use, and application in certain populations (e.g., children). This review aims to evaluate the recent data on melatonin's mechanisms, its clinical uses beyond sleep, safety concerns, and a thorough summary of therapeutic considerations concerning dietary supplementation, including the different formats available (animal, synthetic, and phytomelatonin), dosing, timing, contraindications, and nutrient combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna M. Minich
- Department of Human Nutrition and Functional Medicine, University of Western States, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Melanie Henning
- Department of Sports and Performance Psychology, University of the Rockies, Denver, CO 80202, USA
| | - Catherine Darley
- College of Naturopathic Medicine, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Mona Fahoum
- School of Naturopathic Medicine, Bastyr University, Kenmore, WA 98028, USA
| | - Corey B. Schuler
- School of Nutrition, Sonoran University of Health Sciences, Tempe, AZ 85282, USA
- Department of Online Education, Northeast College of Health Sciences, Seneca Falls, NY 13148, USA
| | - James Frame
- Natural Health International Pty., Ltd., Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
- Symphony Natural Health, Inc., West Valley City, UT 84119, USA
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Xia S, Gao W, Li Y, Ma J, Gong S, Gao Z, Tang W, Tian W, Tang S. Effects of melatonin on intestinal function and bacterial compositions in sucking piglets. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2022; 106:1139-1148. [PMID: 35023236 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin has been reported to affect intestinal function by targeting microbiome, morphological structure, barrier integrity and nutrient absorptive system. While the effect of melatonin on intestinal development in newborn infants is obscure, thus, this study firstly attempted to investigate the hypothesis that melatonin treatment improves intestinal development in sucking piglets. 14 healthy newborn piglets received 10 ml melatonin solution (1 mg/ml) or drinking water (n = 7) for 21 days. The results showed that oral administration of melatonin increased liver relative weight (p < 0.05) but failed to affect growth performance in sucking piglets (p > 0.05). Immunostaining jejunal samples from melatonin group showed high expressions of nnos and claudin1, indicating that melatonin improved intestinal neural development and barrier integrity. Also, melatonin promoted intestinal absorptive function evidenced by the increased serum proline concentration in melatonin-treated piglets compared with the control (p < 0.05). Gut microbiota compositions were tested by 16S rDNA sequencing and the results showed that melatonin increased the relative abundance of Actinobacteria compared with the control (p < 0.05) at the phylum level. However, Selenomonadales was markedly reduced compared with the control at the order level (p < 0.05). Gut and faecal volatile fatty acids were tested to evaluate the microbiota metabolism, but no difference was noticed in volatile fatty acid concentrations (p > 0.05). Melatonin improved intestinal development by affecting neural development, barrier integrity, nutrient absorption and microbiota in sucking piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siting Xia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Animal Husbandry and Aquatic Affairs Center of Shimen County, Changde, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China
| | - Saiming Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China
| | - Zhipeng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China
| | - Wenjie Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China.,Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Animal Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Tian
- Hunan Jiuding Technology (Group) Co., Ltd, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shengguo Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China
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9
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Protective Effects of Melatonin and Misoprostol against Experimentally Induced Increases in Intestinal Permeability in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23062912. [PMID: 35328333 PMCID: PMC8950185 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23062912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction caused by disease and/or chemotherapy lacks an effective treatment, which highlights a strong medical need. Our group has previously demonstrated the potential of melatonin and misoprostol to treat increases in intestinal mucosal permeability induced by 15-min luminal exposure to a surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). However, it is not known which luminal melatonin and misoprostol concentrations are effective, and whether they are effective for a longer SDS exposure time. The objective of this single-pass intestinal perfusion study in rats was to investigate the concentration-dependent effect of melatonin and misoprostol on an increase in intestinal permeability induced by 60-min luminal SDS exposure. The cytoprotective effect was investigated by evaluating the intestinal clearance of 51Cr-labeled EDTA in response to luminal SDS as well as a histological evaluation of the exposed tissue. Melatonin at both 10 and 100 µM reduced SDS-induced increase in permeability by 50%. Misoprostol at 1 and 10 µM reduced the permeability by 50 and 75%, respectively. Combination of the two drugs at their respective highest concentrations had no additive protective effect. These in vivo results support further investigations of melatonin and misoprostol for oral treatments of a dysfunctional intestinal barrier.
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10
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Progress on the Mechanism of Visceral Hypersensitivity in Nonerosive Reflux Disease. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2022; 2022:4785077. [PMID: 35096053 PMCID: PMC8794695 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4785077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) is the most common type of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Its clinical symptoms can recur, and clinical treatment is often ineffective, causing patients severe economic and psychological burden. In recent years, studies that have explored in-depth the pathogenesis of NERD have found that visceral hypersensitivity (VH) plays an important role. VH refers to the phenomenon that viscera react strongly to nociceptive stimuli or produce a negative reaction to physiological stimuli due to the decrease of one’s visceral pain threshold. Studies have found that the VH mechanism in NERD primarily includes abnormal neurotransmitters, the activation of acid-sensitive receptors, and abnormal psychological factors—all of which we review in this article.
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11
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Ribeiro AEAS, Ferreira EF, Leal JDS, Barberino RDS, Oliveira HPD, Palheta Junior RC. Involvement of MT2 receptors in protective effects of melatonin against cisplatin-induced gastrointestinal damage in mice. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e20476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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Song L, He M, Sun Q, Wang Y, Zhang J, Fang Y, Liu S, Duan L. Roseburia hominis Increases Intestinal Melatonin Level by Activating p-CREB-AANAT Pathway. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010117. [PMID: 35010992 PMCID: PMC8746519 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal melatonin exerts diverse biological effects on the body. Our previous research showed that the abundance of the butyrate-producing bacteria, Roseburia, is positively related to the expression of colonic mucosal melatonin. However, the detailed relationship is unclear. Therefore, we aimed to explore whether Roseburia regulates intestinal melatonin and its underlying mechanisms. Male Sprague–Dawley germfree rats were orally administered with or without Roseburia hominis. R. hominis treatment significantly increased the intestinal melatonin level. The concentrations of propionate and butyrate in the intestinal contents were significantly elevated after gavage of R. hominis. Propionate or butyrate treatment increased melatonin, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT), and phosphorylated cAMP-response element-binding protein (p-CREB) levels. When pretreated with telotristat ethyl, the inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH), or siRNA of Aanat, or 666-15, i.e., an inhibitor of CREB, propionate, or butyrate, could not promote melatonin production in the pheochromocytoma cell line BON-1. Metabolomics analysis showed that propionate and butyrate stimulation regulated levels of some metabolites and some metabolic pathways in BON-1 cell supernatants. In conclusion, propionate and butyrate, i.e., metabolites of R. hominis, can promote intestinal melatonin synthesis by increasing 5-HT levels and promoting p-CREB-mediated Aanat transcription, thereby offering a potential target for ameliorating intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijin Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; (L.S.); (Q.S.); (J.Z.); (Y.F.)
| | - Meibo He
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Qinghua Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; (L.S.); (Q.S.); (J.Z.); (Y.F.)
| | - Yujing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (Y.W.); (S.L.)
| | - Jindong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; (L.S.); (Q.S.); (J.Z.); (Y.F.)
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; (L.S.); (Q.S.); (J.Z.); (Y.F.)
| | - Shuangjiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (Y.W.); (S.L.)
| | - Liping Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; (L.S.); (Q.S.); (J.Z.); (Y.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-82806003
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Nagata C, Wada K, Yamakawa M, Nakashima Y, Koda S, Uji T, Onuma S, Oba S, Maruyama Y, Hattori A. Associations Between Dietary Melatonin Intake and Total and Cause-Specific Mortality Among Japanese Adults in the Takayama Study. Am J Epidemiol 2021; 190:2639-2646. [PMID: 34387322 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwab213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Potential health benefits of melatonin have been suggested. Although melatonin is present in various foods, little is known about the health effects of dietary melatonin intake. We estimated habitual dietary melatonin intake and examined its association with total and cause-specific mortality in a population-based cohort study in Japan. Study subjects included 13,355 men and 15,724 women aged ≥35 years who responded to a self-administered questionnaire in 1992. Their diets were assessed via a food frequency questionnaire at baseline. The melatonin content in various foods on the questionnaire was measured to estimate melatonin intake. Mortality was ascertained during 16 years of follow-up (1992-2008). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for total and cause-specific mortality were calculated according to melatonin quartiles. A total of 5,339 deaths occurred during follow-up. Melatonin intake was significantly associated with decreased risks of total mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and noncancer, noncardiovascular mortality after controlling for covariates; HRs for the highest quartile of melatonin intake versus the lowest were 0.90 (95% CI: 0.82, 0.98; P for trend = 0.05), 0.85 (95% CI: 0.72, 0.99; P for trend = 0.10), and 0.77 (95% CI: 0.67, 0.90; P for trend = 0.003), respectively. The data suggest a potential benefit of dietary melatonin with regard to mortality rates.
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Paine P. Review article: current and future treatment approaches for pain in IBS. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2021; 54 Suppl 1:S75-S88. [PMID: 34927753 DOI: 10.1111/apt.16550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal pain is a core symptom of IBS and a primary driver of care seeking. Visceral hypersensitivity is a key pathophysiological mechanism and therapeutic target for pain in IBS, with components of peripheral and central sensitisation and psychological factors. AIM To review current and future treatment approaches specifically for the pain component of IBS. METHODS Pubmed search terms included combinations of irritable bowel, pain, visceral hypersensitivity, novel, new, emerging, future and advances. RESULTS Established non-pharmacological treatments for IBS pain include the low FODMAP diet, probiotics and psychological interventions, especially hypnotherapy. Tricyclics remain the best evidenced pharmacological approach with GCC agonists, tenapanor, lubiprostone, eluxadoline and 5HT3 antagonists second line according to patient characteristics and availability. Less well-evidenced current options include anti-spasmodics, peppermint oil, SSRIs, SNRIs, alpha 2 delta ligands, melatonin and histamine antagonists. Patients are vulnerable to iatrogenesis and harmful approaches to be avoided include opioids and unwarranted surgical interventions. For severe pain, the concept of augmentation with combined gut-brain neuromodulators and psychotherapy in a multi-disciplinary setting is considered. A plethora of molecular targets and ligands are emerging from pre-clinical studies, together with early clinical evidence for a range of pharmacological, dietary, neurostimulation and novel psychological treatment delivery methods which are reviewed. The history of such emerging approaches, however, merits both caution and optimism in equal measure. CONCLUSIONS Despite good in-roads and emerging options, the management of abdominal pain remains one of the biggest challenges and research priorities for patients with IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Paine
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Manchester, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
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15
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Liu W, Jiang H, Liu X, Hu S, Li H, Feng Y, Ke J, Long X. Melatonin Abates TMJOA Chronic Pain by MT 2R in Trigeminal Ganglion Neurons. J Dent Res 2021; 101:111-119. [PMID: 34315312 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211026551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is one of the most common diseases causing chronic pain in the oral and maxillofacial region. So far, there are few ways to relieve the pain of TMJOA. Melatonin (MT) has a good analgesic effect in many diseases, including fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain, chronic headache, and burn pain, with very low acute toxicity and side effects. This study was to investigate the role and mechanism of MT in TMJOA chronic pain. In rats TMJOA chronic pain occurred at day 14 after an intra-temporomandibular joint injection of monosodium iodoacetate, which we previously reported. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results showed that MT levels were higher in the synovial fluid from patients and rats with TMJOA as compared with those from control. Fluorescent retrograde tracing (Dil) identified that upregulation of MT type 2 receptor (MT2R) in trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons innervating rat temporomandibular joints was accompanied by TMJOA chronic pain. Nociceptive behavior as assessed by von Frey and the Rat Grimace Scale demonstrated that exogenous administration of MT relieved chronic pain in TMJOA rats, whereas blocking MT2R with 4P-PDOT reversed the analgesic effect of MT. Immunofluorescence analysis also confirmed that MT inhibited CGRP and IB4 expression of TG neurons, and this inhibition was reversed by administering the MT2R antagonist in TMJOA rats. By using Fluo-3 AM-based calcium imaging in vitro, MT elicited calcium transients in Dil+ TG neurons, which were significantly abolished by 4P-PDOT. Collectively, this study suggested that MT relieves the TMJOA chronic pain of rats through downregulation of sensitized CGRP+ and IB4+ neurons in TG via MT2R. This will be helpful for health care professionals utilizing MT as an option against TMJOA chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - H Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - X Liu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - S Hu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - H Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Y Feng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - J Ke
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - X Long
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Duboc H, Coffin B, Siproudhis L. Disruption of Circadian Rhythms and Gut Motility: An Overview of Underlying Mechanisms and Associated Pathologies. J Clin Gastroenterol 2021; 54:405-414. [PMID: 32134798 PMCID: PMC7147411 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000001333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms ensure that physiological processes occur at the most biologically meaningful time. The circadian timing in the gastrointestinal tract involves interlocking transcriptional and translational feedback loops that culminate in the rhythmic expression and activity of a set of clock genes and related hormones. The suprachiasmatic nucleus and peripheral core molecular clocks oscillate every 24 hours and are responsible for the periodic activity of various segments and transit along the gastrointestinal tract. Environmental cues may alter or reset these rhythms to align them with new circumstances. Colonic motility also follows a circadian rhythm with reduced nocturnal activity. Healthy humans have normal bowel motility during the day, frequently following awakening or following a meal, with minimal activity during the night. Maladjusted circadian rhythms in the bowel have been linked to digestive pathologies, including constipation and irritable bowel syndrome. Our advanced knowledge of the link between the circadian clock and gastrointestinal physiology provides potential therapeutic approaches for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. This review seeks to establish evidence for the correlation between circadian rhythm, bowel movements and digestive health, and examine the implications of disrupted circadian rhythms on gut physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri Duboc
- AP-HP Hospital Louis Mourier, Colombes
- Gastrointestinal and Metabolic Dysfunctions in Nutritional Pathologies, Inserm UMRS 1149, Université de Paris, Paris
| | - Benoit Coffin
- AP-HP Hospital Louis Mourier, Colombes
- Gastrointestinal and Metabolic Dysfunctions in Nutritional Pathologies, Inserm UMRS 1149, Université de Paris, Paris
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Di Pierro F, Bertuccioli A, Giuberti R, Saponara M, Ivaldi L. Role of a berberine-based nutritional supplement in reducing diarrhea in subjects with functional gastrointestinal disorders. MINERVA GASTROENTERO 2021; 66:29-34. [PMID: 32283882 DOI: 10.23736/s1121-421x.19.02649-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberine, an alkaloid obtained by extraction from Berberis spp., is a botanical that is widely used in the nutraceutical sector to control cholesterol and blood glucose levels. It is also a molecule that is effective in limiting diarrhea due to its multi-factorial properties, including its antimicrobial, gut eubiotic and antisecretive actions, and its ability to slow gut motility. In our routine clinical practice, we have suggested the use of a berberine-based nutraceutical, formulated with melatonin and depolymerized guar gum, to patients affected by functional diarrhea (FD) or by diarrhea-type irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). METHODS We have therefore retrospectively analyzed the clinical effect of such a nutritional supplement in these two sub-groups of patients. RESULTS Despite the highly pragmatic scheme of our study, our findings strongly confirm the antidiarrheal properties of berberine and recommend its use in some gut functional diseases characterized by frequent evacuation of mushy and/or watery stools. In fact, even after 30 days of treatment, the berberine-based nutritional supplement significantly reduces diarrheal events by 50-70%. After 90 days, this reduction improves to between 70 and 80%, with a reduction of more than 60% in the number of evacuations per week and with more than 50% of treated subjects demonstrating normalized, according to self-reported Bristol Stool Scale categorization, stool consistency. The product is well tolerated and adherence to the proposed therapy is good. Common side effects of the product are flatulence and meteorism, likely due to the "acarbose-like" berberine effects on gut α-glucosidase. CONCLUSIONS Patients, especially those preferring "natural" therapy, can be successfully treated, when affected by a gut functional disease characterized by diarrhea, by berberine-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Leandro Ivaldi
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy, Ceva Hospital, Ceva, Cuneo, Italy
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18
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Dahlgren D, Sjöblom M, Hellström PM, Lennernäs H. Chemotherapeutics-Induced Intestinal Mucositis: Pathophysiology and Potential Treatment Strategies. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:681417. [PMID: 34017262 PMCID: PMC8129190 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.681417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is particularly vulnerable to off-target effects of antineoplastic drugs because intestinal epithelial cells proliferate rapidly and have a complex immunological interaction with gut microbiota. As a result, up to 40-100% of all cancer patients dosed with chemotherapeutics experience gut toxicity, called chemotherapeutics-induced intestinal mucositis (CIM). The condition is associated with histological changes and inflammation in the mucosa arising from stem-cell apoptosis and disturbed cellular renewal and maturation processes. In turn, this results in various pathologies, including ulceration, pain, nausea, diarrhea, and bacterial translocation sepsis. In addition to reducing patient quality-of-life, CIM often leads to dose-reduction and subsequent decrease of anticancer effect. Despite decades of experimental and clinical investigations CIM remains an unsolved clinical issue, and there is a strong consensus that effective strategies are needed for preventing and treating CIM. Recent progress in the understanding of the molecular and functional pathology of CIM had provided many new potential targets and opportunities for treatment. This review presents an overview of the functions and physiology of the healthy intestinal barrier followed by a summary of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of CIM. Finally, we highlight some pharmacological and microbial interventions that have shown potential. Conclusively, one must accept that to date no single treatment has substantially transformed the clinical management of CIM. We therefore believe that the best chance for success is to use combination treatments. An optimal combination treatment will likely include prophylactics (e.g., antibiotics/probiotics) and drugs that impact the acute phase (e.g., anti-oxidants, apoptosis inhibitors, and anti-inflammatory agents) as well as the recovery phase (e.g., stimulation of proliferation and adaptation).
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Affiliation(s)
- David Dahlgren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Markus Sjöblom
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per M Hellström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hans Lennernäs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Vernia F, Di Ruscio M, Ciccone A, Viscido A, Frieri G, Stefanelli G, Latella G. Sleep disorders related to nutrition and digestive diseases: a neglected clinical condition. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:593-603. [PMID: 33437194 PMCID: PMC7797530 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.45512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep disturbances often result from inappropriate lifestyles, incorrect dietary habits, and/or digestive diseases. This clinical condition, however, has not been sufficiently explored in this area. Several studies have linked the circadian timing system to the physiology of metabolism control mechanisms, energy balance regulation, and nutrition. Sleep disturbances supposedly trigger digestive disorders or conversely represent specific clinical manifestation of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. Poor sleep may worsen the symptoms of GI disorders, affecting the quality of life. Conversely, short sleep may influence dietary choices, as well as meal timing, and the circadian system drives temporal changes in metabolic patterns. Emerging evidence suggests that patients with inappropriate dietary habits and chronic digestive disorders often sleep less and show lower sleep efficiency, compared with healthy individuals. Sleep disturbances may thus represent a primary symptom of digestive diseases. Further controlled trials are needed to fully understand the relationship between sleep disturbances, dietary habits, and GI disorders. It may be also anticipated that the evaluation of sleep quality may prove useful to drive positive interventions and improve the quality of life in a proportion of patients. This review summarizes data linking sleep disorders with diet and a series of disease including gastro-esophageal reflux disease, peptic disease, functional gastrointestinal disorders, inflammatory bowel diseases, gut microbiota alterations, liver and pancreatic diseases, and obesity. The evidence supporting the complex interplay between sleep dysfunction, nutrition, and digestive diseases is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Vernia
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Piazza S. Tommasi, 1- Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Mirko Di Ruscio
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Piazza S. Tommasi, 1- Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Antonio Ciccone
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Piazza S. Tommasi, 1- Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Angelo Viscido
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Piazza S. Tommasi, 1- Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Frieri
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Piazza S. Tommasi, 1- Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Gianpiero Stefanelli
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Piazza S. Tommasi, 1- Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giovanni Latella
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Piazza S. Tommasi, 1- Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
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Wang B, Zhu S, Liu Z, Wei H, Zhang L, He M, Pei F, Zhang J, Sun Q, Duan L. Increased Expression of Colonic Mucosal Melatonin in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome Correlated with Gut Dysbiosis. GENOMICS, PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2020; 18:708-720. [PMID: 33607299 PMCID: PMC8377021 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2020.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the gut microbiota/gut hormone axis contributes to the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Melatonin plays a beneficial role in gut motility and immunity. However, altered expression of local mucosal melatonin in IBS and its relationship with the gut microbiota remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to detect the colonic melatonin levels and microbiota profiles in patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) and explore their relationship in germ-free (GF) rats and BON-1 cells. Thirty-two IBS-D patients and twenty-eight healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. Fecal specimens from IBS-D patients and HCs were separately transplanted into GF rats by gavage. The levels of colon mucosal melatonin were assessed by immunohistochemical methods, and fecal microbiota communities were analyzed using 16S rDNA sequencing. The effect of butyrate on melatonin synthesis in BON-1 cells was evaluated by ELISA. Melatonin levels were significantly increased and negatively correlated with visceral hypersensitivity in IBS-D patients. GF rats inoculated with fecal microbiota from IBS-D patients had high colonic melatonin levels. Butyrate-producing Clostridium cluster XIVa species, such as Roseburia species and Lachnospira species, were positively related to colonic mucosal melatonin expression. Butyrate significantly increased melatonin secretion in BON-1 cells. Increased melatonin expression may be an adaptive protective mechanism in the development of IBS-D. Moreover, some Clostridium cluster XIVa species could increase melatonin expression via butyrate production. Modulation of the gut hormone/gut microbiota axis offers a promising target of interest for IBS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shiwei Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zuojing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hui Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Meibo He
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fei Pei
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jindong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qinghua Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liping Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.
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21
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Chojnacki C, Mędrek-Socha M, Konrad P, Chojnacki J, Błońska A. The value of melatonin supplementation in postmenopausal women with Helicobacter pylori-associated dyspepsia. BMC Womens Health 2020; 20:262. [PMID: 33243209 PMCID: PMC7691069 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-020-01117-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyspeptic syndrome is particularly common in postmenopausal women in the form of epigastric pain. The aim of the study was to assess the role of melatonin in chronic dyspepsia in this group of women, and examine the role of Helicobacter infection. METHODS The study comprised 152 subjects including 30 healthy women (Group I), 60 women with asymptomatic H.pylori infection (Group II), and 64 women with H. pylori infection with chronic dyspepsia (Group III). Endoscopic examination was performed, as well as histological assessment of gastric end duodenal mucosa, urease breath test (UBT-13C), and immunoenzymatic assessment of serum 17-β-estradiol, follicle stimulating hormone and melatonin, and urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin. In Group III, 14-day antibacterial treatment was introduced with pantoprazole, amoxicillin and levofloxacin followed a six-month treatment with placebo in 32 women (Group IIIa), and melatonin 1 mg/morning and 3 mg/at bedtime in the other 32 women (Group IIIb). RESULTS No significant differences were found between serum level of female hormone. Serum melatonin levels were similar between Group I (12.5 ± 2.72 pg/ml) and Group II (10.5 ± 3.73 pg/ml; p > 0,05). The level was significantly lower in Group III (5.72 ± 1.42 pg/ml; p < 0.001). Eradication of H.pylori was obtained in 75.0% women in Group IIIa, and in 84.3% in Group IIIb (p > 0.05). After six months, dyspeptic symptoms resolved in 43.7% patients in Group IIIa and 84.3% in Group IIIb (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Melatonin supplementation is useful in treating H. pylori-associated dyspepsia, particularly in postmenopausal women with lower levels of this hormone. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT04352062, date of registration: 15.04.2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cezary Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics of Medical University, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta Mędrek-Socha
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics of Medical University, Lodz, Poland
| | - Paulina Konrad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics of Medical University, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jan Chojnacki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics of Medical University, Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Błońska
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics of Medical University, Lodz, Poland.
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Prevention of Rat Intestinal Injury with a Drug Combination of Melatonin and Misoprostol. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186771. [PMID: 32942716 PMCID: PMC7555796 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A healthy intestinal barrier prevents uptake of allergens and toxins, whereas intestinal permeability increases following chemotherapy and in many gastrointestinal and systemic diseases and disorders. Currently, there are no approved drugs that target and repair the intestinal epithelial barrier while there is a medical need for such treatment in gastrointestinal and related conditions. The objective of this single-pass intestinal perfusion study in rats was to investigate the preventive cytoprotective effect of three mucosal protective drugs—melatonin, misoprostol, and teduglutide—with different mechanisms of action on an acute jejunal injury induced by exposing the intestine for 15 min to the anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The effect was evaluated by monitoring intestinal clearance of 51Cr-labeled ethylenediaminetetraacetate and intestinal histology before, during, and after luminal exposure to SDS. Our results showed that separate pharmacological pretreatments with luminal misoprostol and melatonin reduced acute SDS-induced intestinal injury by 47% and 58%, respectively, while their use in combination abolished this injury. This data supports further development of drug combinations for oral treatments of conditions and disorders related to a dysregulated or compromised mucosal epithelial barrier.
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Crawford C, Boyd C, Paat CF, Meissner K, Lentino C, Teo L, Berry K, Deuster P. Dietary Ingredients as an Alternative Approach for Mitigating Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: Evidence-Based Recommendations for Practice and Research in the Military. PAIN MEDICINE 2020; 20:1236-1247. [PMID: 30986309 PMCID: PMC6544555 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnz040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Approximately 55-76% of Service members use dietary supplements for various reasons, including pain and related outcomes. This work evaluates current research on dietary ingredients for chronic musculoskeletal pain to inform decisions for practice and self-care, specifically for Special Operations Forces personnel. METHODS A steering committee convened to develop research questions and factors required for decision-making. Key databases were searched through August 2016. Eligible systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials were assessed for methodological quality. Meta-analysis was applied where feasible. GRADE was used to determine confidence in the effect estimates. The committee made evidence-informed judgments and recommendations for practice and self-care use. RESULTS Nineteen eligible dietary ingredients were assessed for quality, efficacy, and safety. Avocado soybean unsaponifiables, capsaicin, curcuma, ginger (as a food source), glucosamine, melatonin, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and vitamin D were conditionally recommended as their benefits outweighed risks, but there was still some uncertainty about the trade-offs. No recommendations were made for boswellia, ginger (as a dietary supplement), rose hip, or s-adenosyl-L-methionine. Recommendations were made against the use of collagen, creatine, devil's claw, l-carnitine, methylsulfonylmethane, pycnogenol, willow bark extract, and vitamin E. Research priorities were developed to address gaps precluding stronger recommendations. CONCLUSIONS Currently the scientific evidence is insufficiently robust to establish definitive clinical practice guidelines, but processes could be established to track the impact of these ingredients. Until then, providers have the evidence needed to make informed decisions about the safe use of these dietary ingredients, and future research can address existing gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Crawford
- Consortium for Health and Military Performance, Department of Military & Emergency Medicine, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Courtney Boyd
- Consortium for Health and Military Performance, Department of Military & Emergency Medicine, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Charmagne F Paat
- Thought Leadership and Innovation Foundation, McLean, Virginia, USA
| | - Karin Meissner
- Division of Health Promotion, University of Applied Sciences Coburg, Coburg, Germany.,Institute of Medical Psychology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Cindy Lentino
- Thought Leadership and Innovation Foundation, McLean, Virginia, USA
| | - Lynn Teo
- Thought Leadership and Innovation Foundation, McLean, Virginia, USA
| | - Kevin Berry
- Thought Leadership and Innovation Foundation, McLean, Virginia, USA
| | - Patricia Deuster
- Consortium for Health and Military Performance, Department of Military & Emergency Medicine, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Ma N, Zhang J, Reiter RJ, Ma X. Melatonin mediates mucosal immune cells, microbial metabolism, and rhythm crosstalk: A therapeutic target to reduce intestinal inflammation. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:606-632. [PMID: 31420885 DOI: 10.1002/med.21628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, melatonin, previously considered only as a pharmaceutical product for rhythm regulation and sleep aiding, has shown its potential as a co-adjuvant treatment in intestinal diseases, however, its mechanism is still not very clear. A firm connection between melatonin at a physiologically relevant concentration and the gut microbiota and inflammation has recently established. Herein, we summarize their crosstalk and focus on four novelties. First, how melatonin is synthesized and degraded in the gut and exerts potentially diverse phenotypic effects through its diverse metabolites. Second, how melatonin mediates the activation and proliferation of intestinal mucosal immune cells with paracrine and autocrine properties. By modulating T/B cells, mast cells, macrophages and dendritic cells, melatonin immunomodulatory involved in regulating T-cell differentiation, intervening T/B cell interaction and attenuating the production of pro-inflammatory factors, achieving its antioxidant action via specific receptors. Third, how melatonin exerts antimicrobial action and modulates microbial components, such as lipopolysaccharide, amyloid-β peptides via nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) or signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT1) pathway to modulate intestinal immune function in immune-pineal axis. The last, how melatonin mediates the effect of intestinal bacterial activity signals on the body rhythm system through the NF-κB pathway and influences the mucosal epithelium oscillation via clock gene expression. These processes are achieved at mitochondrial and nuclear levels to control the host immune cell development. Considering unclear mechanisms and undiscovered actions of melatonin in gut-microbiome-immune axis, it's time to reveal them and provide new insight for the outlook of melatonin as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment and management of intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Department, Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Xi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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25
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Stanciu AE, Zamfir-Chiru-Anton A, Stanciu MM, Pantea-Stoian A, Nitipir C, Gheorghe DC. Serum melatonin is inversely associated with matrix metalloproteinase-9 in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:3011-3020. [PMID: 32218858 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix-metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) expression levels have been demonstrated to have prognostic value in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The present study hypothesized that melatonin, a small lipophilic molecule primarily secreted by the pineal gland, may be able to regulate MMP activity in OSCC progression. This study aimed to investigate the associations between melatonin, MMPs, TIMPs and the histopathological characteristics of patients with OSCC. A total of 40 men with OSCC (mean age, 57±7 years) and 30 healthy men (mean age, 56±5 years) were enrolled in the present study. Enzyme immunoassays were used to measure the serum levels of melatonin, MMP-9, MMP-2, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 before and after transoral surgery for OSCC. Serum melatonin level was significantly lower in patients with OSCC compared with controls, both pre-surgery and 2 days after surgery (P<0.001). In addition, melatonin level was negatively correlated with MMP-9 (r=-0.6371) and the MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio (r=-0.4700), but not with the MMP-2 or MMP-2/TIMP-2 ratio, in patients with OSCC. These results demonstrated that low levels of melatonin and high levels of MMP-9 correlated with large tumors with invasive depth (r=-0.35 and r=0.33) and lymph node metastasis (r=-0.56 and r=0.34). The results of this retrospective clinical study suggested that melatonin may be considered as a predictive biomarker of tumor growth and metastasis and a potential therapeutic agent for patients with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adina Elena Stanciu
- Department of Carcinogenesis and Molecular Biology, Institute of Oncology Bucharest, Bucharest 022328, Romania
| | - Adina Zamfir-Chiru-Anton
- ENT Department, Grigore Alexandrescu Children's Emergency Hospital and Coltea Clinical Hospital, Bucharest 011743, Romania
| | - Marcel Marian Stanciu
- Electrical Engineering Faculty, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest 060042, Romania
| | - Anca Pantea-Stoian
- Department of Hygiene, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 050474, Romania
| | - Cornelia Nitipir
- Department of Medical Oncology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest 011461, Romania
| | - Dan Cristian Gheorghe
- ENT Department, Maria Sklodowska Curie Children's Emergency Hospital, Bucharest 077120, Romania
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26
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Kim SW, Kim S, Son M, Cheon JH, Park YS. Melatonin controls microbiota in colitis by goblet cell differentiation and antimicrobial peptide production through Toll-like receptor 4 signalling. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2232. [PMID: 32042047 PMCID: PMC7010660 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59314-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial dysbiosis has long been postulated to be associated with the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although evidence supporting the anti-colitic effects of melatonin have been accumulating, it is not clear how melatonin affects the microbiota. Herein, we investigated the effects of melatonin on the microbiome in colitis and identified involvement of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 signalling in the effects. Melatonin improved dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and reverted microbial dysbiosis in wild-type (WT) mice but not in TLR4 knockout (KO) mice. Induction of goblet cells was observed with melatonin administration, which was accompanied by suppression of Il1b and Il17a and induction of melatonin receptor and Reg3β, an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) against Gram-negative bacteria. In vitro, melatonin treatment of HT-29 intestinal epithelial cells promotes mucin and wound healing and inhibits growth of Escherichia coli. Herein, we showed that melatonin significantly increases goblet cells, Reg3β, and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteriodetes by suppressing Gram-negative bacteria through TLR4 signalling. Our study suggests that sensing of bacteria through TLR4 and regulation of bacteria through altered goblet cells and AMPs is involved in the anti-colitic effects of melatonin. Melatonin may have use in therapeutics for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soochan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mijeong Son
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hee Cheon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sook Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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27
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Qin HY, Xavier Wong HL, Zang KH, Li X, Bian ZX. Enterochromaffin cell hyperplasia in the gut: Factors, mechanism and therapeutic clues. Life Sci 2019; 239:116886. [PMID: 31678286 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Enterochromaffin (EC) cell is the main cell type that responsible for 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) synthesis, storage and release of the gut. Intestinal 5-HT play a key role in visceral sensation, intestinal motility and permeability, EC cell hyperplasia and increased 5-HT bioavailability in the gut have been found to be involved in the symptoms generation of irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease. EC cells originate from intestinal stem cells, the interaction between proliferation and differentiation signals on intestinal stem cells enable EC cell number to be regulated in a normal level. This review focuses on the impact factors, pathogenesis mechanisms, and therapeutic clues for intestinal EC cells hyperplasia, and showed that EC cell hyperplasia was observed under the condition of physiological stress, intestinal infection or intestinal inflammation, the disordered proliferation and/or differentiation of intestinal stem cells as well as their progenitor cells all contribute to the pathogenesis of intestinal EC cell hyperplasia. The altered intestinal niche, i.e. increased corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) signal, elevated nerve growth factor (NGF) signal, and Th2-dominant cytokines production, has been found to have close correlation with intestinal EC cell hyperplasia. Currently, CRF receptor antagonist, nuclear factor-κB inhibitor, and NGF receptor neutralizing antibody have been proved useful to attenuate intestinal EC cell hyperplasia, which may provide a promising clue for the therapeutic strategy in EC cell hyperplasia related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hoi Leong Xavier Wong
- Institute of Brain and Gut Axis (IBAG), Centre of Clinical Research for Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai-Hong Zang
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xun Li
- Fifth Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine of Gansu Province, China.
| | - Zhao-Xiang Bian
- Institute of Brain and Gut Axis (IBAG), Centre of Clinical Research for Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
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28
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Dai W, Huang H, Si L, Hu S, Zhou L, Xu L, Deng Y. Melatonin prevents sepsis-induced renal injury via the PINK1/Parkin1 signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:1197-1204. [PMID: 31432108 PMCID: PMC6713408 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine; MT) has been shown to have a protective effect against sepsis-induced renal injury, however, the mechanisms underlying the function of MT remain to be elucidated. Therefore, in the present study, the potential mechanisms underlying the preventive role of MT in sepsis-induced renal injury were investigated. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to detect the effect of MT on the reduction of renal tissue damage, and immunohistochemistry (IHC), ELISA and western blot analysis were performed to determine the influence of MT on the protein expression of PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), nucleotide-oligomerization binding domain and leucine-rich repeat pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a C-terminal caspase recruitment domain (ASC1), interleukin (IL)-18, IL-1β, IL-6 and cleaved caspase-1. Finally, a TUNEL assay was used to compare the rate of apoptosis of renal tissues among the sham, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and CLP + MT groups. The extent of tissue damage in the CLP group was the highest and the extent of tissue damage in the sham group was the lowest. The IHC and western blot analysis showed that the sham group had the highest protein level of PINK1, whereas the CLP group had the lowest protein level of PINK1. By contrast, the sham group had the lowest protein level of NLRP, whereas the CLP group had the highest level of NLRP3. Furthermore, CLP treatment enhanced the protein expression of ASC1 and cleaved caspase-1, whereas the administration of MT reduced the protein expression of ASC1 and cleaved caspase-1 to a certain degree. Finally, the apoptotic rate was found to be the highest in the CLP group and the lowest in the sham group. Taken together, in evaluating the therapeutic effect of MT on sepsis-induced renal injury, the results of the present study showed that MT alleviated sepsis-induced renal injury by regulating the expression of PINK1, Parkin1, NLRP3, ASC and cleaved caspase-1 in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenling Dai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224006, P.R. China
| | - Haifeng Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sheyang Zhenyang Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224300, P.R. China
| | - Linjie Si
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224006, P.R. China
| | - Shi Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224006, P.R. China
| | - Liangliang Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224006, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224006, P.R. China
| | - Yijun Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224006, P.R. China
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29
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Peres MF, Valença MM, Amaral FG, Cipolla-Neto J. Current understanding of pineal gland structure and function in headache. Cephalalgia 2019; 39:1700-1709. [PMID: 31370669 DOI: 10.1177/0333102419868187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The pineal gland plays an important role in biological rhythms, circadian and circannual variations, which are key aspects in several headache disorders. OVERVIEW Melatonin, the main pineal secreting hormone, has been extensively studied in primary and secondary headache disorders. Altered melatonin secretion occurs in many headache syndromes. Experimental data show pineal gland and melatonin both interfere in headache animal models, decreasing trigeminal activation. Melatonin has been shown to regulate CGRP and control its release. DISCUSSION Melatonin has been used successfully as a treatment for migraine, cluster headaches and other headaches. There is a rationale for including the pineal gland as a relevant brain structure in the mechanisms of headache pathophysiology, and melatonin as a treatment option in primary headache.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Fp Peres
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paolo, Brazil.,Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da USP, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Cipolla-Neto
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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30
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Determination of melatonin content of different varieties of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0759-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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31
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Ranjbar S, Seyednejad SA, Nikfar S, Rahimi R, Abdollahi M. How can we develop better antispasmodics for irritable bowel syndrome? Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 14:549-562. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1593369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheyda Ranjbar
- Evidence-based Evaluation of Cost-Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Afshin Seyednejad
- Evidence-based Evaluation of Cost-Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shekoufeh Nikfar
- Evidence-based Evaluation of Cost-Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Evidence-based Evaluation of Cost-Effectiveness and Clinical Outcomes, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder that presents with abdominal pain related to defecation accompanied by a change in stool frequency or form Despite its impact on a patient’s quality of life it has no effect on mortality A positive clinical diagnosis should be made if the characteristic symptoms are present and red flags are absent Red flags should prompt specialist referral Consultations should be provided in an empathetic manner addressing the concerns of the patient while providing reassurance Manipulating diet with the assistance of a dietitian is an appropriate initial treatment for irritable bowel syndrome A low-FODMAP diet is an effective therapy
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Gagnon K, Godbout R. Melatonin and Comorbidities in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. CURRENT DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS REPORTS 2018; 5:197-206. [PMID: 30148039 PMCID: PMC6096870 DOI: 10.1007/s40474-018-0147-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Melatonin is used to treat sleep difficulties associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). There are growing evidence that melatonin could have an effect on other symptoms than sleep, such as anxiety, depression, pain, and gastrointestinal dysfunctions. Interestingly, these symptoms frequently are found as comorbid conditions in individuals with ASD. We aimed to highlight the potential effect of melatonin on these symptoms. RECENT FINDINGS Animal and human studies show that melatonin reduces anxiety. Regarding the effect of melatonin on pain, animal studies are promising, but results remain heterogeneous in humans. Both animal and human studies have found that melatonin can have a positive effect on gastrointestinal dysfunction. SUMMARY Melatonin has the potential to act on a wide variety of symptoms associated with ASD. However, other than sleep difficulties, no studies exist on melatonin as a treatment for ASD comorbid conditions. Such investigations should be on the research agenda because melatonin could improve a multitude of ASD comorbidities and, consequently, improve well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Gagnon
- Sleep Laboratory & Clinic, Hôpital Rivière-des-Prairies, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, 7070 Boul. Perras, Montréal, Québec H1E 1A4 Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec Canada
| | - Roger Godbout
- Sleep Laboratory & Clinic, Hôpital Rivière-des-Prairies, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, 7070 Boul. Perras, Montréal, Québec H1E 1A4 Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec Canada
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İnce T, Akman H, Çimrin D, Aydın A. The role of melatonin and cortisol circadian rhythms in the pathogenesis of infantile colic. World J Pediatr 2018; 14:392-398. [PMID: 29508358 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-018-0130-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the high prevalence of infantile colic, the pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Cortisol and melatonin hormones affect gastrointestinal system development in several ways, and interestingly, both cortisol and melatonin's circadian rhythms begin around the 3rd month in which infantile colic symptoms start to decrease. We hypothesized that infantile colic might associate with desynchronization of normal circadian rhythms of these hormones. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of melatonin and cortisol in the pathogenesis of infantile colic. METHODS Patients who were diagnosed as infantile colic according to Wessel's "rule of three" were enrolled in the colic group. We measured the saliva melatonin and cortisol levels of colic group and control group infants. In both groups, the saliva samples were taken in mornings and at evenings, at the time of diagnosis and 6th month. RESULTS Fifty-five infants finished the study. Melatonin circadian rhythm developed earlier in the control group than the infantile colic group in our study. We found no significant difference between the daily mean cortisol levels. However, infants with colic had flatter daily cortisol slope than controls which pointed out the probability that they had a less clearly defined cortisol rhythm than infants without colic. CONCLUSIONS We found an association between melatonin levels and infantile colic. However, more research is needed to fully understand the role of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and hormone's role on infantile colic physiopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolga İnce
- Department of Pediatrics Social Pediatrics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hakkı Akman
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Dilek Çimrin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, 35340, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Adem Aydın
- Department of Pediatrics Social Pediatrics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, 35340, Izmir, Turkey.
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35
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Hensley AL, Colley AR, Ross AE. Real-Time Detection of Melatonin Using Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry. Anal Chem 2018; 90:8642-8650. [PMID: 29932641 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is an important hormone whose functions span from regulating circadian rhythm in the brain to providing anti-inflammatory properties in the immune system. Melatonin secretion from the pineal gland is known; however, the mechanism of melatonin signaling in the immune system is not well understood. The lymph node is the hub of the immune system, and melatonin secretion from lymphocytes was proposed to be an important source specifically for regulating cytokine secretion. Methods exist to quantify the concentration of melatonin within biological samples; however, they often suffer from either a lack of selectivity for melatonin over common biological interferences or temporal resolution, which is not amenable to measuring real-time signaling dynamics. Here, we have characterized an electrochemical method for optimal melatonin detection with subsecond resolution using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry at carbon-fiber microelectrodes. The oxidation peaks detected for melatonin were at 1.0, 1.1, and 0.6 V. Evidence for electrode fouling of the tertiary peak was present; therefore, an optimized waveform was developed scanning from 0.2 to 1.3 V at 600 V/s. The optimized waveform eliminated the detection of fouling products on the electrode with a 24 ± 10 nM limit of detection. Melatonin was distinguished between biological interferences, and codetection with the major synthetic precursor, serotonin, was possible. This method was used to detect melatonin in live lymph node slices and provides the first real-time measurements within the lymph node using FSCV. Real-time detection of melatonin dynamics could provide useful information on the mechanism of immunomodulation during inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin L Hensley
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio 45221 , United States
| | - Adam R Colley
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio 45221 , United States
| | - Ashley E Ross
- Department of Chemistry , University of Cincinnati , Cincinnati , Ohio 45221 , United States
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36
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Melatonin: A New-Generation Therapy for Reducing Chronic Pain and Improving Sleep Disorder-Related Pain. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1099:229-251. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-1756-9_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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37
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The Effects of Melatonin on Elevated Liver Enzymes during Statin Treatment. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017. [PMID: 28630863 PMCID: PMC5467275 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3204504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Taking statins can cause increase in the level of aspartate and alanine aminotransferase. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of melatonin in counteracting the adverse hepatic events from statins. Methods. The research program included 60 patients (aged 47–65 years, 41 women and 19 men) with hyperlipidemia taking atorvastatin or rosuvastatin at a dose of 20–40 mg daily. The patients were randomly allocated in two groups. Group I (n = 30) was recommended to take the same statin at a standardized daily dose of 20 mg together with melatonin at a dose of 2 × 5 mg. Group II (n = 30) patients took statin with placebo at the same dose and time of the day. Follow-up laboratory tests (AST, ALT, GGT, and ALP) were evaluated after 2, 4, and 6 months of treatment. Results. In Group I the levels of all enzymes decreased after 6 months, particularly AST, 97,2 ± 19,1 U/L versus 52,8 ± 12,3 U/L (p < 0,001); ALT, 87,4 ± 15,6 U/L versus 49,8 ± 14,5 U/L (p < 0,001); and GGT, 84,1 ± 14,8 U/L versus 59,6 U/L (p < 0,001). Conclusion. Melatonin exerts a hepatoprotective effect in patients taking statins.
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Patel A, Hasak S, Cassell B, Ciorba MA, Vivio EE, Kumar M, Gyawali CP, Sayuk GS. Effects of disturbed sleep on gastrointestinal and somatic pain symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2016; 44:246-58. [PMID: 27240555 PMCID: PMC5020700 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disturbances are common, and perhaps are even more prevalent in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). AIMS To determine the effect of measured sleep on IBS symptoms the following day, IBS-specific quality of life (IBS-QOL) and non-GI pain symptoms. METHODS IBS patients' sleep patterns were compared to healthy individuals via wrist-mounted actigraphy over 7 days. Daily bowel pain logs (severity, distress; 10-point Likert) stool pattern (Bristol scale) and supporting symptoms (e.g. bloating, urgency; 5-point Likert) were kept. Validated measures, including the GI Symptom Rating Scale-IBS, Visceral Sensitivity Index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the IBS-Quality of Life were collected. Mediation analysis explored the relationship between sleep, mood and bowel symptoms. RESULTS Fifty subjects (38.6 ± 1.0 years old, 44 female; 24 IBS and 26 healthy controls) completed sleep monitoring. IBS patients slept more hours per day (7.7 ± 0.2 vs. 7.1 ± 0.1, P = 0.008), but felt less well-rested. IBS patients demonstrated more waking episodes during sleep (waking episodes; 12.1 vs. 9.3, P < 0.001). Waking episodes predicted worse abdominal pain (P ≤ 0.01) and GI distress (P < 0.001), but not bowel pattern or accessory IBS symptoms (P > 0.3 for each). Waking episodes negatively correlated with general- and IBS-specific QOL in IBS (r = -0.58 and -0.52, P < 0.001 for each). Disturbed sleep effects on abdominal pain were partially explained by mood as an intermediate. CONCLUSIONS Sleep disturbances are more common in irritable bowel syndrome, and correlate with IBS-related pain, distress and poorer irritable bowel syndrome-related quality of life. Disturbed sleep effects extend beyond the bowel, leading to worse mood and greater somatic pain in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Patel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Stephen Hasak
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Benjamin Cassell
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Matthew A. Ciorba
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Emily E. Vivio
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Mrudula Kumar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - C. Prakash Gyawali
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Gregory S. Sayuk
- Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA,Gastroenterology Section, John Cochran Veterans Affairs Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Yang X, Zou D, Tang S, Fan T, Su H, Hu R, Zhou Q, Gui S, Zuo L, Wang Y. Ameliorative effect of melatonin against increased intestinal permeability in diabetic rats: possible involvement of MLCK-dependent MLC phosphorylation. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 416:23-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2691-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Areco V, Rodriguez V, Marchionatti A, Carpentieri A, Tolosa de Talamoni N. Melatonin not only restores but also prevents the inhibition of the intestinal Ca(2+) absorption caused by glutathione depleting drugs. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2016; 197:16-22. [PMID: 26970583 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that melatonin (MEL) blocks the inhibition of the intestinal Ca(2+) absorption caused by menadione (MEN). The purpose of this study were to determine whether MEL not only restores but also prevents the intestinal Ca(2+) absorption inhibited either by MEN or BSO, two drugs that deplete glutathione (GSH) in different ways, and to analyze the mechanisms by which MEN and MEL alter the movement of Ca(2+) across the duodenum. To know this, chicks were divided into four groups: 1) controls, 2) MEN treated, 3) MEL treated, and 4) treated sequentially with MEN and MEL or with MEN and MEL at the same time. In a set of experiments, chicks treated with BSO or sequentially with BSO and MEL or with BSO and MEL at the same time were used. MEL not only restored but also prevented the inhibition of the chick intestinal Ca(2+) absorption produced by either MEN or BSO. MEN altered the protein expression of molecules involved in the transcellular as well as in the paracellular pathway of the intestinal Ca(2+) absorption. MEL restored partially both pathways through normalization of the O2(-) levels. The nitrergic system was not altered by any treatment. In conclusion, MEL prevents or restores the inhibition of the intestinal Ca(2+) absorption caused by different GSH depleting drugs. It might become one drug for the treatment of intestinal Ca(2+) absorption under oxidant conditions having the advantage of low or null side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Areco
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Valeria Rodriguez
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ana Marchionatti
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Agata Carpentieri
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina; Química Biológica, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Nori Tolosa de Talamoni
- Laboratorio "Dr. Fernando Cañas", Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, INICSA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba), Pabellón Argentina, 2do. Piso, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina.
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Sebastián Domingo JJ. Síndrome del intestino irritable: lo (pen)último sobre lo que se está investigando. Med Clin (Barc) 2016; 146:260-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Lee YT, Hu LY, Shen CC, Huang MW, Tsai SJ, Yang AC, Hu CK, Perng CL, Huang YS, Hung JH. Risk of Psychiatric Disorders following Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26222511 PMCID: PMC4519183 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder observed in patients who visit general practitioners for GI-related complaints. A high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities, particularly anxiety and depressive disorders, has been reported in patients with IBS. However, a clear temporal relationship between IBS and psychiatric disorders has not been well established. Objective We explored the relationship between IBS and the subsequent development of psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and sleep disorder. Methods We selected patients who were diagnosed with IBS caused by gastroenteritis, according to the data in the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. A comparison cohort was formed of patients without IBS who were matched according to age and sex. The incidence rate and the hazard ratios (HRs) of subsequent new-onset psychiatric disorders were calculated for both cohorts, based on psychiatrist diagnoses. Results The IBS cohort consisted of 4689 patients, and the comparison cohort comprised 18756 matched control patients without IBS. The risks of depressive disorder (HR = 2.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.30–3.19), anxiety disorder (HR = 2.89, 95% CI = 2.42–3.46), sleep disorder (HR = 2.47, 95% CI = 2.02–3.02), and bipolar disorder (HR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.34–4.46) were higher in the IBS cohort than in the comparison cohort. In addition, the incidence of newly diagnosed depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and sleep disorder remained significantly increased in all of the stratified follow-up durations (0–1, 1–5, ≥5 y). Conclusions IBS may increase the risk of subsequent depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, sleep disorder, and bipolar disorder. The risk ratios are highest for these disorders within 1 year of IBS diagnosis, but the risk remains statistically significant for more than 5 years. Clinicians should pay particular attention to psychiatric comorbidities in IBS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Tung Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Medical University, Shuang-Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yu Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Che Shen
- Department of Psychiatry, Chiayi Branch, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of information magagement, National Chung-Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Wei Huang
- Bali Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Albert C. Yang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Kuo Hu
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of surgery, Chiayi Branch, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Lin Perng
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shin Huang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Hsiu Hung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Heitkemper MM, Han CJ, Jarrett ME, Gu H, Djukovic D, Shulman RJ, Raftery D, Henderson WA, Cain KC. Serum Tryptophan Metabolite Levels During Sleep in Patients With and Without Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). Biol Res Nurs 2015; 18:193-8. [PMID: 26156003 DOI: 10.1177/1099800415594251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Poor sleep and stress are more frequently reported by women with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) than by healthy control (HC) women. The pathophysiology linking poor sleep and stress to gastrointestinal symptoms remains poorly understood. We used a metabolomic approach to determine whether tryptophan (TRP) metabolites differ between women with and without IBS and whether the levels are associated with sleep indices and serum cortisol levels. This study sample included 38 women with IBS and 21 HCs. The women were studied in a sleep laboratory for three consecutive nights. On the third night of the study, a social stressor was introduced, then blood samples were drawn every 20 min and sleep indices were measured. Metabolites were determined by targeted liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in a sample collected 1 hr after the onset of sleep. The ratios of each metabolite to TRP were used for analyses. Correlations were controlled for age and oral contraceptive use. Melatonin/TRP levels were lower (p = .005) in the IBS-diarrhea group versus the IBS-constipation and HC groups, and kynurenine/TRP ratios tended to be lower (p = .067) in the total IBS and IBS-diarrhea groups compared to HCs. Associations within the HC group included melatonin/TRP with polysomnography-sleep efficiency (r = .61, p = .006) and weaker positive correlations with the other ratios for either sleep efficiency or percentage time in rapid eye movement sleep (r > .40, p = .025-.091). This study suggests that reductions in early nighttime melatonin/TRP levels may be related to altered sleep quality in IBS, particularly those with diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M Heitkemper
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Systems, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Claire Jungyoun Han
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Systems, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Monica E Jarrett
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Systems, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Haiwei Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Danijel Djukovic
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert J Shulman
- Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel Raftery
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Northwest Metabolomics Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Wendy A Henderson
- Digestive Disorders Unit, Biobehavioral Branch, Division of Intramural Research, NINR, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kevin C Cain
- Department of Biostatistics and Office of Nursing Research, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Anderson G, Maes M. The gut–brain axis: The role of melatonin in linking psychiatric, inflammatory and neurodegenerative conditions. ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aimed.2014.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ozban M, Aydin C, Cevahir N, Yenisey C, Birsen O, Gumrukcu G, Aydin B, Berber I. The effect of melatonin on bacterial translocation following ischemia/reperfusion injury in a rat model of superior mesenteric artery occlusion. BMC Surg 2015; 15:18. [PMID: 25884520 PMCID: PMC4355544 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-015-0003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute mesenteric ischemia is a life-threatening vascular emergency resulting in tissue destruction due to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Melatonin, the primary hormone of the pineal gland, is a powerful scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including the hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals, as well as singlet oxygen, and nitric oxide. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether melatonin prevents harmful effects of superior mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion on intestinal tissues in rats. METHODS Rats were randomly divided into three groups, each having 10 animals. In group I, the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was isolated but not occluded. In group II and group III, the SMA was occluded immediately distal to the aorta for 60 minutes. After that, the clamp was removed and the reperfusion period began. In group III, 30 minutes before the start of reperfusion, 10 mg/kg melatonin was administered intraperitonally. All animals were sacrified 24 hours after reperfusion. Tissue samples were collected to evaluate the I/R-induced intestinal injury and bacterial translocation (BT). RESULTS There was a statistically significant increase in myeloperoxidase activity, malondialdehyde levels and in the incidence of bacterial translocation in group II, along with a decrease in glutathione levels. These investigated parameters were found to be normalized in melatonin treated animals (group III). CONCLUSION We conclude that melatonin prevents bacterial translocation while precluding the harmful effects of ischemia/reperfusion injury on intestinal tissues in a rat model of superior mesenteric artery occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Ozban
- />Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Cagatay Aydin
- />Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Nural Cevahir
- />Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Yenisey
- />Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Onur Birsen
- />Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Gulistan Gumrukcu
- />Department of Pathology, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berrin Aydin
- />Department of Emergency Medicine, Denizli State Hospital, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Berber
- />Department of Transplantation, International Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Fernando S, Rombauts L. Melatonin: shedding light on infertility?--A review of the recent literature. J Ovarian Res 2014; 7:98. [PMID: 25330986 PMCID: PMC4209073 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-014-0098-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the negative impact of oxidative stress on fertility has become widely recognised. Several studies have demonstrated its negative effect on the number and quality of retrieved oocytes and embryos following in-vitro fertilisation (IVF). Melatonin, a pineal hormone that regulates circadian rhythms, has also been shown to exhibit unique oxygen scavenging abilities. Some studies have suggested a role for melatonin in gamete biology. Clinical studies also suggest that melatonin supplementation in IVF may lead to better pregnancy rates. Here we present a critical review and summary of the current literature and provide suggestions for future well designed clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shavi Fernando
- MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, 3168, , Victoria, Australia. .,Monash University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Level 5 Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, 3168, , Victoria, Australia.
| | - Luk Rombauts
- MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, 3168, , Victoria, Australia. .,Monash IVF, 252 Clayton rd, Clayton, 3168, , Victoria, Australia.
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Yeh AM, Golianu B. Integrative Treatment of Reflux and Functional Dyspepsia in Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2014; 1:119-33. [PMID: 27417471 PMCID: PMC4928719 DOI: 10.3390/children1020119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and functional dyspepsia (FD) are common problems in the pediatric population, with up to 7% of school-age children and up to 8% of adolescents suffering from epigastric pain, heartburn, and regurgitation. Reflux is defined as the passage of stomach contents into the esophagus, while GERD refers to reflux symptoms that are associated with symptoms or complications-such as pain, asthma, aspiration pneumonia, or chronic cough. FD, as defined by the Rome III classification, is a persistent upper abdominal pain or discomfort, not related to bowel movements, and without any organic cause, that is present for at least two months prior to diagnosis. Endoscopic examination is typically negative in FD, whereas patients with GERD may have evidence of esophagitis or gastritis either grossly or microscopically. Up to 70% of children with dyspepsia exhibit delayed gastric emptying. Treatment of GERD and FD requires an integrative approach that may include pharmacologic therapy, treating concurrent constipation, botanicals, mind body techniques, improving sleep hygiene, increasing physical activity, and traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Ming Yeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, 750 Welch Road, Suite 116, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
| | - Brenda Golianu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr. Stanford, CA 94304, USA.
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Abstract
Cluster headache (CH) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are pain disorders that possess relationships with circadian rhythms. However, they have not been compared to assess similarities that could yield pathophysiologic insights. A young male adult with periodic episodes of abdominal pain highly reminiscent of CH is described. Since childhood, he experienced severe attacks featuring excruciating, abdominal pain accompanied by prominent restlessness, lasting 30-120 minutes, occurring in the evening and in discrete 2- to 8-week periods, interspersed with remissions where typical triggers did not lead to attacks. Although all of the patient's symptoms fell within the spectrum of IBS, the semiology was highly evocative of CH, based on the attack duration, restlessness, periodicity, and selective vulnerability to particular triggers only during attack periods. A subset of patients thought to have IBS may feature similar attack profiles and could suggest the importance of the hypothalamus in its pathophysiology, akin to CH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Robbins
- Montefiore Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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