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Sassano M, Seyyedsalehi MS, Boffetta P. Occupational benzene exposure and colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 257:119213. [PMID: 38782339 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Recent reports suggest that benzene exposure may be associated with solid cancers, such as lung and bladder cancers. Instead, evidence on the association between benzene and colorectal cancer (CRC) is sparse. Thus, we aimed to summarize current literature on the association between occupational benzene exposure and CRC. We searched Pubmed, Embase (through Ovid), and Scopus to retrieve cohort and nested case-control studies on the association between occupational benzene exposure and solid cancers. The search was initially completed in December 2022 and later updated in April 2024. We assessed quality of included studies using a modified version of Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We computed pooled relative risks (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of CRC according to occupational benzene exposure, using the Paule-Mandel method. Twenty-eight studies were included in the meta-analysis. Most of them were conducted in Europe or North America (82.1%) and were industry-based (89.3%). Pooled RRs comparing workers exposed to benzene with those who were unexposed for incidence and mortality were 1.10 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.15) and 1.04 (95% CI: 0.97, 1.11) for CRC, 1.12 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.24) and 1.08 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.19) for colon cancer, and 1.04 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.14) and 1.05 (95% CI: 0.92, 1.19) for rectal cancer, respectively. Only one study supported the occurrence of a dose-response relationship between occupational benzene exposure and CRC, while others found no increase in risk according to dose of exposure or duration of employment. Our findings suggest that occupational benzene exposure may be associated with CRC. Further research with detailed assessment of individual-level exposure is warranted to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Sassano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monireh Sadat Seyyedsalehi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brooke University, Stony Brook, NY, USA; Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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Cullati S, Sieber S, Gabriel R, Studer M, Chiolero A, van der Linden BWA. Lifetime employment trajectories and cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20224. [PMID: 39215024 PMCID: PMC11364773 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70909-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Working life is associated with lifestyle, screening uptake, and occupational health risks that may explain differences in cancer onset. To better understand the association between working life and cancer risk, we need to account for the entire employment history. We investigated whether lifetime employment trajectories are associated with cancer risk. We used data from 6809 women and 5716 men, average age 70 years, from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe. Employment history from age 16 to 65 was collected retrospectively using a life calendar and trajectories were constructed using sequence analysis. Associations between employment trajectories and self-reported cancer were assessed using logistic regression. We identified eight employment trajectories for women and two for men. Among women, the risk of cancer was higher in the trajectories "Mainly full-time to home/family", "Full-time or home/family to part-time", "Mainly full-time", and "Other" compared with the "Mainly home/family" trajectory. Among men, the risk of cancer was lower in the "Mainly self-employment" trajectory compared with "Mainly full-time". We could show how employment trajectories were associated with cancer risk, underlining the potential of sequence analysis for life course epidemiology. More research is needed to understand these associations and determine if causal relationships exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Cullati
- Population Health Laboratory (#PopHealthLab), University of Fribourg, Route Des Arsenaux 41, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
- Quality of Care Service, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Stefan Sieber
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rainer Gabriel
- Institute of Diversity and Social Integration, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Studer
- Institute of Demographics and Socioeconomics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Chiolero
- Population Health Laboratory (#PopHealthLab), University of Fribourg, Route Des Arsenaux 41, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
- School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernadette W A van der Linden
- Population Health Laboratory (#PopHealthLab), University of Fribourg, Route Des Arsenaux 41, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Winiarska E, Jutel M, Zemelka-Wiacek M. The potential impact of nano- and microplastics on human health: Understanding human health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118535. [PMID: 38460665 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Plastics are used all over the world. Unfortunately, due to limited biodegradation, plastics cause a significant level of environmental pollution. The smallest recognized to date are termed nanoplastics (1 nm [nm] up to 1 μm [μm]) and microplastics (1 μm-5 mm). These nano- and microplastics can enter the human body through the respiratory system via inhalation, the digestive tract via consumption of contaminated food and water, or penetration through the skin via cosmetics and clothes contact. Bioaccumulation of plastics in the human body can potentially lead to a range of health issues, including respiratory disorders like lung cancer, asthma and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, neurological symptoms such as fatigue and dizziness, inflammatory bowel disease and even disturbances in gut microbiota. Most studies to date have confirmed that nano- and microplastics can induce apoptosis in cells and have genotoxic and cytotoxic effects. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of plastics' actions may help extrapolate the risks to humans. The article provides a comprehensive review of articles in databases regarding the impact of nano- and microplastics on human health. The review included retrospective studies and case reports of people exposed to nanoplastics and microplastics. This research highlights the need for further research to fully understand the extent of the impact of plastics on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Winiarska
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marek Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland; ALL-MED Medical Research Institute, Wroclaw, Poland
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Winiarska E, Chaszczewska-Markowska M, Ghete D, Jutel M, Zemelka-Wiacek M. Nanoplastics Penetrate Human Bronchial Smooth Muscle and Small Airway Epithelial Cells and Affect Mitochondrial Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4724. [PMID: 38731941 PMCID: PMC11083782 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Micro- and nanoplastic particles, including common forms like polyethylene and polystyrene, have been identified as relevant pollutants, potentially causing health problems in living organisms. The mechanisms at the cellular level largely remain to be elucidated. This study aims to visualize nanoplastics in bronchial smooth muscle (BSMC) and small airway epithelial cells (SAEC), and to assess the impact on mitochondrial metabolism. Healthy and asthmatic human BSMC and SAEC in vitro cultures were stimulated with polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) of 25 or 50 nm size, for 1 or 24 h. Live cell, label-free imaging by holotomography microscopy and mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis assessment were performed. Furthermore, 25 and 50 nm NPs were shown to penetrate SAEC, along with healthy and diseased BSMC, and they impaired bioenergetics and induce mitochondrial dysfunction compared to cells not treated with NPs, including changes in oxygen consumption rate and extracellular acidification rate. NPs pose a serious threat to human health by penetrating airway tissues and cells, and affecting both oxidative and glycolytic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Winiarska
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-616 Wroclaw, Poland; (E.W.)
| | - Monika Chaszczewska-Markowska
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Daniel Ghete
- Bioscience Technology Facility, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Marek Jutel
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-616 Wroclaw, Poland; (E.W.)
- ALL-MED Medical Research Institute, 53-201 Wroclaw, Poland
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Cullati S, Sieber S, Gabriel R, Studer M, Chiolero A, van der Linden BWA. Lifetime Employment Trajectories and Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4207039. [PMID: 38699299 PMCID: PMC11065066 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4207039/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Working life is associated with lifestyle, screening uptake, and occupational health risks that may explain differences in cancer onset. To better understand the association between working life and cancer risk, we need to account for the entire employment history. We investigated whether lifetime employment trajectories are associated with cancer risk. We used data from 6,809 women and 5,716 men, average age 70 years, from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe. Employment history from age 16 to 65 was collected retrospectively using a life calendar and trajectories were constructed using sequence analysis. Associations between employment trajectories and self-reported cancer were assessed using logistic regression. We identified eight employment trajectories for women and two for men. Among women, the risk of cancer was higher in the trajectories "Mainly full-time to home/family", "Full-time or home/family to part-time", "Mainly full-time", and "Other" compared with the "Mainly home/family" trajectory. Among men, the risk of cancer was lower in the "Mainly self-employment" trajectory compared with "Mainly full-time". We could show how employment trajectories were associated with cancer risk, underlining the potential of sequence analysis for life course epidemiology. More research is needed to understand these associations and determine if causal relationships exist.
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Murphy CC, Zaki TA. Changing epidemiology of colorectal cancer - birth cohort effects and emerging risk factors. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 21:25-34. [PMID: 37723270 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-023-00841-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC) are increasing worldwide, suggesting broad changes in the epidemiology of CRC. In this Review, we discuss the changes that are becoming evident, including trends in CRC incidence and mortality by age and birth cohort, and consider the contributions of early-life exposures and emerging risk factors to these changes. Importantly, incidence of CRC has increased among people born since the early 1950s in nearly all regions of the world. These so-called birth cohort effects imply the involvement of factors that influence the earliest stages of carcinogenesis and have effects across the life course. Accumulating evidence supports the idea that early-life exposures are important risk factors for CRC, including exposures during fetal development, childhood, adolescence and young adulthood. Environmental chemicals could also have a role because the introduction of many in the 1950s and 1960s coincides with increasing incidence of CRC among people born during those years. To reverse the expected increases in the global burden of CRC, participation in average-risk screening programmes needs to be increased by scaling up and implementing evidence-based screening strategies, and emerging risk factors responsible for these increases need to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin C Murphy
- Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston) School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Timothy A Zaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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7
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Bytnar JA, McGlynn KA, Nealeigh MD, Shriver CD, Zhu K. Cancer incidence in the US military: An updated analysis. Cancer 2024; 130:96-106. [PMID: 37725334 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Military and general populations differ in factors related to cancer occurrence and diagnosis. This study compared incidence of colorectal, lung, prostate, testicular, breast, and cervical cancers between the US military and general US populations. METHODS Data from the US Department of Defense's Automated Central Tumor Registry (ACTUR) and the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program were analyzed. Persons in ACTUR were active-duty members 20-59 years old during 1990-013. The same criteria applied to persons in SEER. Age-adjusted incidence rates, incidence rate ratios, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by sex, race, age, and cancer stage. Temporal trends were analyzed. RESULTS ACTUR had higher rates of prostate and breast cancers, particularly in 40- to 59-year-olds. Further analyses by tumor stage showed this was primarily confined to localized stage. Incidence rates of colorectal, lung, testicular, and cervical cancers were significantly lower in ACTUR than in SEER, primarily for regional and distant tumors in men. Temporal incidence trends were generally similar overall and by stage between the populations, although distant colorectal cancer incidence tended to decrease starting in 2006 in ACTUR whereas it increased during the same period in SEER. CONCLUSION Higher rates of breast and prostate cancers in servicemembers 40-59 years of age than in the general population may result from greater cancer screening utilization or cumulative military exposures. Lower incidence of other cancers in servicemembers may be associated with better health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Bytnar
- Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Katherine A McGlynn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew D Nealeigh
- Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Craig D Shriver
- Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kangmin Zhu
- Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Ashraf SA, Mahmood D, Elkhalifa AEO, Siddiqui AJ, Khan MI, Ashfaq F, Patel M, Snoussi M, Kieliszek M, Adnan M. Exposure to pesticide residues in honey and its potential cancer risk assessment. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 180:114014. [PMID: 37659576 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Honey is the most recognized natural food by-product derived from flower nectar and the upper aero-digestive tract of the honeybees. Significance of honey for its medicinal importance are well-documented in the world's oldest medical literatures. However, the current urbanization, environmental contaminations and changes in agricultural, as well as apiculture practices has led to various types of contaminations in honey. Among all, pesticide contamination has become one of the major issues worldwide. This review focuses on the recent updates concerning pesticides occurrence in honey, as well as how the repeated use and long-term exposure to honey contaminated with pesticide residues could affect the human physiological functions, possibly leading to the development of various cancers. Our findings suggests that uncontrolled use of pesticides in farming and apiculture practices leads to the occurrence of pesticides residues in honey. Therefore, regular consumption of such honey will pose a serious threat to human health, since most of the pesticides has been reported as potential carcinogens. This review will draw the attention of honey consumers, scientific communities, apiculture farmers, as well as governing bodies to strictly monitor the pesticide usage in floriculture, agriculture as well as other related practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Amir Ashraf
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Danish Mahmood
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, P.O. Box 5888, Unaizah, 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abd Elmoneim O Elkhalifa
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif Jamal Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Idreesh Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar Rass, Qassim University, ArRass, 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fauzia Ashfaq
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Applied Medical Sciences College, Jazan University, Jazan, 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mitesh Patel
- Research and Development Cell, Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, 391760, India
| | - Mejdi Snoussi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marek Kieliszek
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159 C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia.
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Hinchliffe A, Kogevinas M, Molina AJ, Moreno V, Aragonés N, Castaño-Vinyals G, Jiménez Moleón JJ, Gómez Acebo I, Ederra M, Amiano P, Molina-Barceló A, Fernandez-Tardon G, Alguacil J, Chirlaque MD, Hernández-Segura N, Pérez-Gómez B, Pollan M, Turner MC. Association of occupational heat exposure and colorectal cancer in the MCC-Spain study. Scand J Work Environ Health 2023; 49:211-221. [PMID: 36807489 PMCID: PMC10621896 DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.4082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Heat exposure and heat stress/strain is a concern for many workers. There is increasing interest in potential chronic health effects of occupational heat exposure, including cancer risk. We examined potential associations of occupational heat exposure and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in a large Spanish multi-case--control study. METHODS We analyzed data on 1198 histologically confirmed CRC cases and 2690 frequency-matched controls. The Spanish job-exposure matrix, MatEmEsp, was used to assign heat exposure estimates to the lifetime occupations of participants. Three exposure indices were assessed: ever versus never exposed, cumulative exposure and duration (years). We estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using unconditional logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS Overall, there was no association of ever, compared with never, occupational heat exposure and CRC (OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.92-1.29). There were also no associations observed according to categories of cumulative exposure or duration, and there was no evidence for a trend. There was no clear association of ever occupational heat exposure and CRC in analysis conducted among either men or women when analyzed separately. Positive associations were observed among women in the highest categories of cumulative exposure (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.09-3.03) and duration (OR 2.89, 95% CI 1.50-5.59) as well as some evidence for a trend (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Overall, this study provides no clear evidence for an association between occupational heat exposure and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michelle C Turner
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Doctor Aiguader, 88 Barcelona 08003 Spain.
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Dhungel B, Murakami T, Gilmour S, Ikeda S, Wada K. Occupation- and industry-specific cancer mortality among Japanese women from 1980 to 2015. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2003. [PMID: 36320013 PMCID: PMC9628126 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14304-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of women in Japan who continue working after childbirth is on the rise. Over the past few years, Japan's cancer mortality rate has increased. About 50% of all cancer deaths among Japanese women aged 25-64 are caused by lung, gastric, pancreatic and colorectal cancers. This study aims to examine the difference in mortality risk for key cancers among women and explore the effect of the economic crisis in the mid-1990s separately for occupational and industrial categories. METHODS Data from 1980 to 2015 were gathered from the Japanese Population Census and National Vital Statistics conducted in the same year. A Poisson regression analysis was used to estimate mortality risk and mortality trends for lung, gastric, pancreatic and colorectal cancer among Japanese working women aged 25-64 years. RESULTS Across most industrial and occupational groups, the trends in age-standardised cancer mortality rate for women have declined. Workers in management, security and transportation have a higher cancer mortality risk than sales workers. The risk of death from all four cancers is higher for workers in the mining and electricity industries than for wholesale and retail workers. CONCLUSION To improve the health and well-being of employed Japanese women, it is crucial to monitor cancer mortality trends. Using these population-level quantitative risk estimates, industry- and occupation-specific prevention programmes can be developed to target women at higher cancer risk and enable the early detection and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibha Dhungel
- grid.419588.90000 0001 0318 6320Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke’s International University, Tsukiji, Tokyo Japan ,Department of Health Policy, National Centre for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo Japan
| | - Tomoe Murakami
- grid.411731.10000 0004 0531 3030Graduate School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-1-26 Akasaka, 107-8402 Minato City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stuart Gilmour
- grid.419588.90000 0001 0318 6320Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke’s International University, Tsukiji, Tokyo Japan
| | - Shunya Ikeda
- grid.411731.10000 0004 0531 3030Graduate School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-1-26 Akasaka, 107-8402 Minato City, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Wada
- grid.411731.10000 0004 0531 3030Graduate School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-1-26 Akasaka, 107-8402 Minato City, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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A Life Cycle Analysis to Optimally Manage Wasted Plastic Pesticide Containers. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14148405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Wasted Plastic Pesticide Containers (WPPC) represent the end-of-life cycle of used agrochemicals. Optimal treatment of these containers is necessary to protect both human health and the environment. In Europe, WPPC are typically rinsed after use and landfilled along with commingled Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). There seems to be no Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology in the international literature to compare the environmental impacts of the WPPC management methods. The goal of this work was to perform an LCA to quantify the environmental impacts of seven alternative scenarios to treat and dispose of Wasted Plastic Pesticide Containers and rank them according to their environmental footprints. Thirty-one WPPCs were sampled, triple-rinsed and an analysis of their residual active pesticide was performed. Those residuals amounts were included in the LCA when assembling the WPPC unit. The scenario in which WPPC are separately collected and recycled resulted in the lowest net environmental impacts. Scenario 5 (50% recycling and 50% incineration) and scenario 6 (50% recycling and 50% landfilling) were the next environmentally optimal technologies, while the landfilling scenario resulted in the highest environmental impacts. A sensitivity analysis was performed, using different impact assessment methods, different transportation distances and different types of landfills and incinerators. The residual pesticide amount did not alter the ranking of the management scenarios. Triple rinsing was found to render all wasted containers as non-hazardous wastes.
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Massari S, Malpassuti VC, Binazzi A, Paris L, Gariazzo C, Marinaccio A. Occupational Mortality Matrix: A Tool for Epidemiological Assessment of Work-Related Risk Based on Current Data Sources. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5652. [PMID: 35565047 PMCID: PMC9104125 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mortality from occupational diseases significantly afflicts society, in terms of both economic costs and human suffering. The International Labour Organization (ILO) estimated that 2.4 million workers die from work-related diseases every year. In Europe, around 80,000 workers die from cancer attributed to occupational exposure to carcinogens. This study developed the Occupational Mortality Matrix (OMM) aimed to identify significant associations between causes of death and occupational sectors through an individual record linkage between mortality data and the administrative archive of occupational histories. The study population consisted of 6,433,492 deceased subjects in Italy (in the period 2005-2015), of which 2,723,152 records of work histories were retrieved (42%). The proportional mortality ratio (PMR) was estimated to investigate the excess of mortality for specific causes associated with occupational sectors. Higher PMRs were reported for traditionally risky occupations such as shipbuilding for mesothelioma cases (PMR: 8.15; 95% CI: 7.28-9.13) and leather production for sino-nasal cancer (PMR: 5.04; 95% CI: 3.54-7.19), as well as for unexpected risks such as male breast cancer in the pharmaceutical industry (PMR: 2.56; 95% CI: 1.33-4.93) and brain cancer in railways (PMR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.24-1.66). The OMM proved to be a valid tool for research studies to generate hypotheses about the occupational etiology of diseases, and to monitor and support priority actions for risk reduction in workplaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Massari
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), 00143 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (L.P.); (C.G.); (A.M.)
| | | | - Alessandra Binazzi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), 00143 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (L.P.); (C.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Lorena Paris
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), 00143 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (L.P.); (C.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Claudio Gariazzo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), 00143 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (L.P.); (C.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Alessandro Marinaccio
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (INAIL), 00143 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (L.P.); (C.G.); (A.M.)
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13
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Su LJ, Young SG, Collins J, Matich E, Hsu PC, Chiang TC. Geospatial Assessment of Pesticide Concentration in Ambient Air and Colorectal Cancer Incidence in Arkansas, 2013-2017. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063258. [PMID: 35328946 PMCID: PMC8951132 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to various agricultural pesticides has been linked to colorectal cancer (CRC), mostly among farmworkers and applicators. Given the potential pesticide drift in ambient air, residents near farmland may be exposed to carcinogenic pesticides even if they are not actively engaged in pesticide application. Pesticide air pollution at the county level was estimated using the 2014 National Air Toxics Assessment. CRC incidence data were acquired from the Arkansas Central Cancer Registry for 2013-2017. We ran ordinary least squares (OLS) regression models, finding significant spatial autocorrelation of residuals for most models. Using geographically weighted regression (GWR) we found age-adjusted CRC incidence rates vary in an increasing west-to-east gradient, with the highest rates in the Arkansas Delta region. A similar gradient was observed in the distribution of the population living below the poverty line and the population percentage of Black people. Significant associations between Trifluralin (crude model only), Carbon Tetrachloride, and Ethylene Dibromide with CRC incidence rates in OLS models only explained 5-7% of the variation and exhibited spatial autocorrelation of residuals. GWR models explained 24-32% (adjusted r2 9-16%) of CRC incidence rate variation, suggesting additional factors may contribute to the association between pesticides and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihchyun Joseph Su
- Department of Epidemiology, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Sean G. Young
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (E.M.); (P.-C.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Josephine Collins
- Department of Psychology, Ouachita Baptist University, Arkadelphia, AR 71998, USA;
| | - Eryn Matich
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (E.M.); (P.-C.H.)
| | - Ping-Ching Hsu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (E.M.); (P.-C.H.)
| | - Tung-Chin Chiang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
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14
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Bytnar JA, Shriver CD, Zhu K. Incidence rates of digestive cancers among U.S. military servicemen: Comparison with the rates in the general U.S. population. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257087. [PMID: 34478468 PMCID: PMC8415586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digestive cancers greatly contribute to the cancer burden in the United States. These cancers are more common among men and some are increasing among adults under age 50. Military population, which is dominantly male and young, and general populations differ in exposure to risk factors for these cancers. However, no studies have systematically investigated whether the incidence rates of these cancers differ between the two populations. This study aimed to compare incidence rates and trends of select digestive cancers between active-duty military and general populations in men aged 20-59 years. METHODS Data were from the Department of Defenses' Automated Central Tumor Registry (ACTUR) and the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 9 (SEER-9) registries. Age-adjusted incidence rates of colorectal, stomach, liver, and pancreatic cancers among men aged 20-59 years during 1990-2013 were compared between the two populations. Stratified analyses by age were done for colorectal and stomach cancers. The joinpoint regression analysis was conducted to examine temporal trends for colorectal cancer. RESULTS The age-adjusted incidence rates of colorectal, stomach, liver, and pancreatic cancers were overall lower among active-duty than SEER (IRR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.81-0.92; IRR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.55-0.76; IRR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.30-0.49; IRR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.41-0.62, respectively). This was observed in the groups of both ages 20-39 and 40-59 years for stomach cancer, and in the group of ages 40-59 years for colorectal cancer. The incidence rates of colorectal cancer tended to decrease since 2008 in ACTUR. CONCLUSION The incidence rates for selected digestive cancers overall were lower in the active-duty military population than the U.S. general population. This study highlights the need for more research enhancing our understanding of variations in these cancers between the two populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A. Bytnar
- John P. Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Craig D. Shriver
- John P. Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kangmin Zhu
- John P. Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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15
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Duijster J, Mughini-Gras L, Neefjes J, Franz E. Occupational exposure and risk of colon cancer: a nationwide registry study with emphasis on occupational exposure to zoonotic gastrointestinal pathogens. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e050611. [PMID: 34376453 PMCID: PMC8356182 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES While colon cancer (CC) risk is associated with several lifestyle-related factors, including physical inactivity, smoking and diet, the contribution of occupation to CC morbidity remains largely unclear. Growing evidence indicates that gastrointestinal infections like salmonellosis could contribute to CC development. We performed a nationwide registry study to assess potential associations between occupation (history) and CC, including also those occupations with known increased exposure to gastrointestinal pathogens like Salmonella. METHODS: Person-level occupational data for all residents in The Netherlands were linked to CC diagnosis data. Differences in the incidence of (overall, proximal and distal) CC among occupational sectors and risk groups were tested for significance by calculating standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) with 95% CIs using the general population as reference group. Effects of gender, age, exposure duration and latency were also assessed. RESULTS Significant differences in CC incidence were observed only for a few occupational sectors, including the manufacturing of rubber and plastics, machinery and leather, the printing sector and the information service sector (SIRs 1.06-1.88). No elevated risk of CC was observed among people with increased salmonellosis risk through occupational exposure to live animals, manure or among those working in the sale of animal-derived food products (SIRs 0.93-0.95, 0.81-0.95 and 0.93-1.09 for overall, proximal and distal CC, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that occupation in itself provides a relatively small contribution to CC incidence. This is consistent with previous studies where a similar degree of variation in risk estimates was observed. The lack of an association with the high-risk occupations for salmonellosis might be due to higher levels of physical activity, a known protective factor for CC and other diseases, of people working in the agricultural sector, which might outweigh the potential Salmonella-associated risk of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janneke Duijster
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden Universitair Medisch Centrum, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lapo Mughini-Gras
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacques Neefjes
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Oncode Institute, Leiden Universitair Medisch Centrum, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eelco Franz
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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16
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Matich EK, Laryea JA, Seely KA, Stahr S, Su LJ, Hsu PC. Association between pesticide exposure and colorectal cancer risk and incidence: A systematic review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 219:112327. [PMID: 34029839 PMCID: PMC8694176 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies investigating the association between pesticide exposure and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk have been inconclusive. OBJECTIVES Investigate the association between pesticide exposure and CRC risk through a systematic literature review. METHODS CRC has the fourth-highest rate of cancer-caused death in the US after lung cancer, breast cancer in women, and prostate cancer in men. Here we have conducted a systematic literature search on studies examining the association between any pesticide exposure and CRC risk using PubMed, MEDLINE via EBSCO host, and Embase according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. RESULTS Following the review, 139 articles were included for qualitative evaluation. Study participants were farmers, pesticide applicators, pesticide manufacturers, spouses of pesticide applicators, farm residents, Korean veterans of the Vietnam War, rural communities, and those who consumed food with pesticide residues. The studies' results were split between those with significant positive (39 significant results) and inverse (41 significant results) associations when comparing pesticide exposure and CRC risk. DISCUSSION From our literature review, we have identified a similar number of significant positive and inverse associations of pesticide exposure with CRC risk and therefore cannot conclude whether pesticide exposure has a positive or inverse association with CRC risk overall. However, certain pesticides such as terbufos, dicamba, trifluralin, S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTC), imazethapyr, chlorpyrifos, carbaryl, pendimethalin, and acetochlor are of great concern not only for their associated elevated risk of CRC, but also for the current legal usage in the United States (US). Aldicarb and dieldrin are of moderate concern for the positive associations with CRC risk, and also for the illegal usage or the detection on imported food products even though they have been banned in the US. Pesticides can linger in the soil, water, and air for weeks to years and, therefore, can lead to exposure to farmers, manufacturing workers, and those living in rural communities near these farms and factories. Approximately 60 million people in the US live in rural areas and all of the CRC mortality hotspots are within the rural communities. The CRC mortality rate is still increasing in the rural regions despite the overall decreasing of incidence and mortality of CRC elsewhere. Therefore, the results from this study on the relationship between pesticide exposure and CRC risk will help us to understand CRC health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eryn K Matich
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Jonathan A Laryea
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Kathryn A Seely
- Public Health Laboratory, Arkansas Department of Health, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Shelbie Stahr
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - L Joseph Su
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - Ping-Ching Hsu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
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17
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Pambianchi E, Pecorelli A, Valacchi G. Gastrointestinal tissue as a "new" target of pollution exposure. IUBMB Life 2021; 74:62-73. [PMID: 34289226 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Airborne pollution has become a leading cause of global death in industrialized cities and the exposure to environmental pollutants has been demonstrated to have adverse effects on human health. Among the pollutants, particulate matter (PM) is one of the most toxic and although its exposure has been more commonly correlated with respiratory diseases, gastrointestinal (GI) complications have also been reported as a consequence to PM exposure. Due to its composition, PM is able to exert on intestinal mucosa both direct damaging effects, (by reaching it either via direct ingestion of contaminated food and water or indirect inhalation and consequent macrophagic mucociliary clearance) and indirect ones via generation of systemic inflammation. The relationship between respiratory and GI conditions is well described by the lung-gut axis and more recently, has become even clearer during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, when respiratory symptoms were associated with gastrointestinal conditions. This review aims at pointing out the mechanisms and the models used to evaluate PM induced GI tract damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Pambianchi
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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18
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Negrichi S, Taleb S. Hereditary, environmental, and dietary risk factors of colorectal cancer: a case-control study in the Algerian East. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:12372-12381. [PMID: 32767215 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10378-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the second most common cancer diagnosed in Algeria. The incidence and the mortality rate of CRC have increased so that the nation now ranks third in Africa in both these variables. Many environmental and genetic factors are suspected to play an important role in the development of the disease. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for CRC in Algeria. We performed a case-control study in five Medical Oncology Services in this region: Tebessa, Batna, Annaba, Setif, and Constantine, from 2016 to 2019. Altogether, 200 patients diagnosed with CRC and 200 age-matched controls without any diagnosis of cancer were included. Study participants were interviewed about environmental, dietary, and hereditary risk factors, i.e., family history of cancer, using a questionnaire. Results showed a significant association between high educational level and a decreased risk of CRC. Diagnoses of any cancer or of CRC in first-degree or in second- or third-degree relatives also were significantly associated with CRC risk. Occupational exposures showed a significant link with an increased risk of CRC, as did obesity, alcohol consumption, and passive smoking. Yogurt, cereals, sugar, butter, and margarine consumption were significant protective factors, while cheese, dried fruits, red meat, juice, and fizzy drink consumption was associated with increased risk. Our findings suggest a benefit of public health campaigns to enhance awareness about CRC and to encourage healthy dietary choices and avoidance of non-dietary risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Negrichi
- Department of Living Beings Biology; Faculty of Exact Sciences and Sciences of Nature and Life, Larbi Tebessi University, Tebessa, Algeria.
- Water and Environment Laboratory, Tebessa, Algeria.
| | - Salima Taleb
- Water and Environment Laboratory, Tebessa, Algeria
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Exact Sciences and Sciences of Nature and Life, Larbi Tebessi University, Tebessa, Algeria
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Technology (LNTA), University of Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
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19
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Burns CJ, Juberg DR. Cancer and occupational exposure to pesticides: an umbrella review. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2021; 94:945-957. [PMID: 33495906 PMCID: PMC8238729 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-020-01638-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The aim was to identify the scope of the epidemiology literature reviewed regarding the risk of cancer as related to occupational exposure to pesticides and to compare regulatory toxicity results where feasible. Methods Review studies of breast, lung, prostate, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and colorectal cancer were identified from the published literature from 2010 to 2020 using a priori inclusion and exclusion criteria. Epidemiology observations were first assessed and then compared against carcinogenicity profiles derived from regulatory toxicology studies. Results Several active ingredients were associated with specific cancer but overall, there was neither strong nor consistent epidemiologic data supportive of a positive association between pesticide exposure in occupational settings and cancer. Authors noted common themes related to the heterogeneity of exposure, study design, control for confounders, and the challenge to collect these data reliably and validly with an adequate sample size. Toxicology studies in laboratory animals that assessed carcinogenic potential did not reveal cancer outcomes that were concordant with reported epidemiologic findings. Conclusions Farming and pesticides represent diverse exposures that are difficult to quantify in epidemiologic studies. Going forward, investigators will need creative and novel approaches for exposure assessment. Integration of epidemiologic and toxicological studies with attention to biological plausibility, mode of toxicological action and relevance to humans will increase the ability to better assess associations between pesticides and cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00420-020-01638-y.
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20
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Forté CA, Colacino J, Polemi K, Guytingco A, Peraino NJ, Jindaphong S, Kaviya T, Westrick J, Neitzel R, Nambunmee K. Pesticide exposure and adverse health effects associated with farmwork in Northern Thailand. J Occup Health 2021; 63:e12222. [PMID: 33973692 PMCID: PMC8112117 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess pesticide exposure and understand the resultant health effects of agricultural workers in Northern Thailand. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study. We quantified exposure to pesticides, including chlorpyrifos, methomyl, and metalaxyl, by air sampling and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. We estimated differences in self-reported health outcomes, complete blood counts, cholinesterase activity, and serum/urine calcium and creatinine concentrations at baseline between farmworkers and comparison workers, and after pesticide spraying in farmworkers only. RESULTS This study included 97 men between the ages of 22 and 76 years; 70 were conventional farmworkers; and 27 did not report any prior farmwork or pesticide spraying. None of the farmworkers wore standardized personal protective equipment (PPE) for the concentrated chemicals they were working with. Methomyl (8.4-13 481.9 ng/m3 ), ethyl chlorpyrifos (11.6-67 759 ng/m3 ), and metalaxyl (13.9-41 191.3 ng/m3 ) were detected via personal air sampling. When it came to reporting confidence in the ability to handle personal problems, only 43% of farmworkers reported feeling confident, which reflects higher stress levels in comparison to 78% of comparison workers (P = .028). Farmworkers also had significantly lower monocyte counts (P = .01), serum calcium (P = .01), red blood count (P = .01), white blood cell count (P = .04), and butyrylcholinesterase activity (P < .0001), relative to comparison workers. After adjusting for body mass index (BMI), age, and smoking, methomyl air concentrations were associated with a decrease in farmworker acetylcholinesterase activity (beta = -0.327, P = .016). CONCLUSIONS This population of farmworkers had significant alterations in stress measures and clinical biomarkers, including decreased blood cell counts and cholinesterase activity, relative to matched controls. These changes are potentially linked to occupational pesticide exposures. Improving PPE use presents a likely route for preventive intervention in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanese A. Forté
- School of Public HealthEnvironmental Health SciencesUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
- College of EngineeringScientific ComputingUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Justin Colacino
- School of Public HealthEnvironmental Health SciencesUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
- College of EngineeringScientific ComputingUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
- School of Public Health, Nutritional SciencesUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
- School of MedicineCenter for Computational Medicine and BioinformaticsUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Katelyn Polemi
- School of Public HealthEnvironmental Health SciencesUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Andrea Guytingco
- School of Public HealthEnvironmental Health SciencesUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Nicholas J. Peraino
- School of MedicineCenter for Computational Medicine and BioinformaticsUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
- Department of ChemistryWayne State UniversityDetroitMIUSA
| | | | - Tharinya Kaviya
- School of Health ScienceMae Fah Luang UniversityChiang RaiThailand
| | - Judy Westrick
- School of MedicineCenter for Computational Medicine and BioinformaticsUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
- Department of ChemistryWayne State UniversityDetroitMIUSA
| | - Richard Neitzel
- School of Public HealthEnvironmental Health SciencesUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Kowit Nambunmee
- School of Health ScienceMae Fah Luang UniversityChiang RaiThailand
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21
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Ibrahim YS, Tuan Anuar S, Azmi AA, Wan Mohd Khalik WMA, Lehata S, Hamzah SR, Ismail D, Ma ZF, Dzulkarnaen A, Zakaria Z, Mustaffa N, Tuan Sharif SE, Lee YY. Detection of microplastics in human colectomy specimens. JGH OPEN 2020; 5:116-121. [PMID: 33490620 PMCID: PMC7812470 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aim While dietary exposure to microplastics is increasingly recognized, it is unknown if ingested plastics remain within the digestive tract. We aimed to examine human colectomy specimens for microplastics and to report the characteristics as well as polymer composition of the particles. Methods Colectomy samples were obtained from 11 adults (mean age 45.7, six males) who were residents of Northeastern Peninsular Malaysia. Microplastics were identified following chemical digestion of specimens and subsequent filtration. The samples were then examined for characteristics (abundance, length, shape, and color) and composition of three common polymer types using stereo‐ and Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) microscopes. Results Microplastics were detected in all 11 specimens with an average of 331 particles/individual specimen or 28.1 ± 15.4 particles/g tissue. Filaments or fibers accounted for 96.1% of particles, and 73.1% of all filaments were transparent. Out of 40 random filaments from 10 specimens (one had indeterminate spectra patterns), 90% were polycarbonate, 50% were polyamide, and 40% were polypropylene. Conclusion Our study suggests that microplastics are ubiquitously present in the human colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusof Shuaib Ibrahim
- Microplastic Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Kuala Nerus Malaysia
| | - Sabiqah Tuan Anuar
- Microplastic Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Kuala Nerus Malaysia
| | - Alyza A Azmi
- Microplastic Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Kuala Nerus Malaysia
| | - Wan Mohd Afiq Wan Mohd Khalik
- Microplastic Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Kuala Nerus Malaysia
| | - Shumpei Lehata
- Microplastic Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Kuala Nerus Malaysia
| | - Siti Rabaah Hamzah
- Microplastic Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Kuala Nerus Malaysia
| | - Dzulkiflee Ismail
- School of Health Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Kota Bharu Malaysia
| | - Zheng Feei Ma
- School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Kota Bharu Malaysia.,Department of Health and Environmental Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou China
| | - Andee Dzulkarnaen
- School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Kota Bharu Malaysia
| | - Zaidi Zakaria
- School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Kota Bharu Malaysia
| | - Nazri Mustaffa
- School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Kota Bharu Malaysia
| | | | - Yeong Yeh Lee
- School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Kota Bharu Malaysia.,Gut Research Group, Faculty of Medicine National University of Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia.,St George and Sutherland Clinical School University of New South Wales Sydney Australia
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22
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García-Pérez J, Fernández de Larrea-Baz N, Lope V, Molina AJ, O'Callaghan-Gordo C, Alonso MH, Rodríguez-Suárez MM, Mirón-Pozo B, Alguacil J, Gómez-Acebo I, Ascunce N, Vanaclocha-Espi M, Amiano P, Chirlaque MD, Simó V, Jiménez-Moleón JJ, Tardón A, Moreno V, Castaño-Vinyals G, Martín V, Aragonés N, Pérez-Gómez B, Kogevinas M, Pollán M. Residential proximity to industrial pollution sources and colorectal cancer risk: A multicase-control study (MCC-Spain). ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 144:106055. [PMID: 32827807 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the third most frequent tumor in males and the second in females worldwide. In Spain, it is an important and growing health problem, and epidemiologic research focused on potential risk factors, such as environmental exposures, is necessary. OBJECTIVES To analyze the association between colorectal cancer risk and residential proximity to industries, according to pollution discharge route, industrial groups, categories of carcinogens and other toxic substances, and specific pollutants released, in the context of a population-based multicase-control study of incident cancer carried out in Spain (MCC-Spain). METHODS MCC-Spain included 557 colorectal cancer cases and 2948 controls in 11 provinces, frequency matched by sex, age, and region of residence. Distances were computed from subjects' residences to each of the 134 industries located in the study area. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) for categories of distance (from 1 km to 3 km) to industrial facilities, adjusting for matching variables and other confounders. RESULTS Excess risk (OR; 95%CI) of colorectal cancer was detected near industries overall for all distances analyzed, from 1 km (2.03; 1.44-2.87) to 3 km (1.26; 1.00-1.59). In general, industries releasing pollutants to air showed higher excess risks than facilities releasing pollution to water. By industrial sector, excess risk (OR; 95%CI) was found near (≤3 km) production of metals (2.66; 1.77-4.00), surface treatment of metals (1.48; 1.08-2.02), glass and mineral fibers (2.06; 1.39-3.07), organic chemical industry (4.80; 3.20-7.20), inorganic chemical industry (6.74; 4.38-10.36), food/beverage sector (3.34; 2.38-4.68), and surface treatment using organic solvents (6.16; 4.06-9.36). By pollutants, the main excess risks (OR; 95%CI) were found near (≤3 km) industries releasing nonylphenol (9.19; 5.91-14.28), antimony (5.30; 3.45-8.15), naphthalene (3.11; 2.16-4.49), organotin compounds (2.64; 1.76-3.98), manganese (2.53; 1.63-3.93), dichloromethane (2.52; 1.74-3.66), and vanadium (2.49; 1.59-3.91). CONCLUSIONS Our results support the hypothesis that residing in the proximity of industries may be a risk factor for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier García-Pérez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Nerea Fernández de Larrea-Baz
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Virginia Lope
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antonio J Molina
- The Research Group in Gene - Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS)/Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, Campus Universitario de Vegazana, 24071 León, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de León, Campus Universitario de Vegazana, 24071 León, Spain.
| | - Cristina O'Callaghan-Gordo
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Rambla de Poblenou 156, 08018 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Global Health (ISGlobal), Carrer del Rosselló 132, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Campus del Mar, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - María Henar Alonso
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Oncology Data Analytics Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Hospital Duran i Reynals, Avinguda de la Gran Via de l'Hospitalet 199-203, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Colorectal Cancer Group, ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Avinguda de la Gran Via de l'Hospitalet 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Carrer de Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marta María Rodríguez-Suárez
- Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Av. Roma s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA), Oviedo, Spain; Public Health Department, Universidad de Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Benito Mirón-Pozo
- Service of Surgery, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Av. del Conocimiento s/n, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Juan Alguacil
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Recursos Naturales, Salud y Medio Ambiente (RENSMA), Universidad de Huelva, Campus Universitario de El Carmen, 21071 Huelva, Spain.
| | - Inés Gómez-Acebo
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Cantabria - IDIVAL, Avenida Cardenal Herrera Oria s/n, 39011 Santander, Spain.
| | - Nieves Ascunce
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Navarra Public Health Institute, Calle Leyre, 15, 31003 Pamplona, Navarra; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Calle Leyre 15, 31003 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Mercedes Vanaclocha-Espi
- Cancer and Public Health Area, FISABIO - Public Health, Avda. de Catalunya 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Paseo Dr. Beguiristain s/n, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - María Dolores Chirlaque
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia University, Campus de Ciencias de la Salud, Carretera Buenavista s/n, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Vicente Simó
- Department of General Surgery, León University Hospital (CAULE), Altos de Nava s/n, 24071 León, Spain.
| | - José J Jiménez-Moleón
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Av. de la Investigación 11, 18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Doctor Azpitarte 4 4ª Planta, Edificio Licinio de la Fuente, 18012 Granada, Spain.
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Facultad de Medicina, Campus de El Cristo B, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Av. Roma s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Víctor Moreno
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility, Oncology Data Analytics Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Hospital Duran i Reynals, Avinguda de la Gran Via de l'Hospitalet 199-203, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Colorectal Cancer Group, ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Avinguda de la Gran Via de l'Hospitalet 199, 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Carrer de Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Gemma Castaño-Vinyals
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Institute of Global Health (ISGlobal), Carrer del Rosselló 132, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Campus del Mar, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Vicente Martín
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; The Research Group in Gene - Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS)/Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, Campus Universitario de Vegazana, 24071 León, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de León, Campus Universitario de Vegazana, 24071 León, Spain.
| | - Nuria Aragonés
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Epidemiology Section, Public Health Division, Department of Health of Madrid, C/San Martín de Porres, 6, 28035 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Institute of Global Health (ISGlobal), Carrer del Rosselló 132, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Campus del Mar, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Carrer del Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marina Pollán
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Av. de Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Ayuso-Álvarez A, García-Pérez J, Triviño-Juárez JM, Larrinaga-Torrontegui U, González-Sánchez M, Ramis R, Boldo E, López-Abente G, Galán I, Fernández-Navarro P. Association between proximity to industrial chemical installations and cancer mortality in Spain. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:113869. [PMID: 31991345 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
It is likely that pollution from chemical facilities will affect the health of any exposed population; however, the majority of scientific evidence available has focused on occupational exposure rather than environmental. Consequently, this study assessed whether there could have been an excess of cancer-related mortality associated with environmental exposure to pollution from chemical installations - for populations residing in municipalities in the vicinity of chemical industries. To this end, we designed an ecological study which assessed municipal mortality due to 32 types of cancer in the period from 1999 to 2008. The exposure to pollution was estimated using distance from the facilities to the centroid of the municipality as a proxy for exposure. In order to assess any increased cancer mortality risk in municipalities potentially exposed to chemical facilities pollution (situated at a distance of ≤5 km from a chemical installation), we employed Bayesian Hierarchical Poisson Regression Models. This included two Bayesian inference methods: Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations (INLA) and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC, for validation). The reference category consisted of municipalities beyond the 5 km limit. We found higher mortality risk (relative risk, RR; estimated by INLA, 95% credible interval, 95%CrI) for both sexes for colorectal (RR, 1.09; 95%CrI, 1.05-1.15), gallbladder (1.14; 1.03-1.27), and ovarian cancers (1.10; 1.02-1.20) associated with organic chemical installations. Notably, pleural cancer (2.27; 1.49-3.41) in both sexes was related to fertilizer facilities. Associations were found for women, specifically for ovarian (1.11; 1.01-1.22) and breast cancers (1.06; 1.00-1.13) in the proximity of explosives/pyrotechnics installations; increased breast cancer mortality risk (1.10; 1.03-1.18) was associated with proximity to inorganic chemical installations. The results suggest that environmental exposure to pollutants from some types of chemical facilities may be associated with increased mortality from several different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ayuso-Álvarez
- National Center of Tropical Medicine, Network Collaborative Research in Tropical Diseases (RICET), Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Calle del Arzobispo Morcillo 4, PC, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier García-Pérez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain
| | | | - Unai Larrinaga-Torrontegui
- Medicina Preventiva OSI Debabarrena, Hospital de Mendaro, Calle Mendarozabal Kalea, s/n, 20850 Mendaro Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Mario González-Sánchez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Ramis
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Elena Boldo
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Gonzalo López-Abente
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Iñaki Galán
- Department of Chronic Diseases. Nacional Center for Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid/IdiPAZ (Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario La Paz/La Paz University Teaching Hospital Research Institute), Calle del Arzobispo Morcillo 4, PC 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Fernández-Navarro
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, Avda. Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
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Rana HK, Akhtar MR, Islam MB, Ahmed MB, Lió P, Huq F, Quinn JMW, Moni MA. Machine Learning and Bioinformatics Models to Identify Pathways that Mediate Influences of Welding Fumes on Cancer Progression. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2795. [PMID: 32066756 PMCID: PMC7026442 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57916-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Welding generates and releases fumes that are hazardous to human health. Welding fumes (WFs) are a complex mix of metallic oxides, fluorides and silicates that can cause or exacerbate health problems in exposed individuals. In particular, WF inhalation over an extended period carries an increased risk of cancer, but how WFs may influence cancer behaviour or growth is unclear. To address this issue we employed a quantitative analytical framework to identify the gene expression effects of WFs that may affect the subsequent behaviour of the cancers. We examined datasets of transcript analyses made using microarray studies of WF-exposed tissues and of cancers, including datasets from colorectal cancer (CC), prostate cancer (PC), lung cancer (LC) and gastric cancer (GC). We constructed gene-disease association networks, identified signaling and ontological pathways, clustered protein-protein interaction network using multilayer network topology, and analyzed survival function of the significant genes using Cox proportional hazards (Cox PH) model and product-limit (PL) estimator. We observed that WF exposure causes altered expression of many genes (36, 13, 25 and 17 respectively) whose expression are also altered in CC, PC, LC and GC. Gene-disease association networks, signaling and ontological pathways, protein-protein interaction network, and survival functions of the significant genes suggest ways that WFs may influence the progression of CC, PC, LC and GC. This quantitative analytical framework has identified potentially novel mechanisms by which tissue WF exposure may lead to gene expression changes in tissue gene expression that affect cancer behaviour and, thus, cancer progression, growth or establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humayan Kabir Rana
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Green University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Rashida Akhtar
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Varendra University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - M Babul Islam
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Boshir Ahmed
- Bio-electronics Materials Laboratory, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 261 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Pietro Lió
- Computer Laboratory, Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, 15 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FD, UK
| | - Fazlul Huq
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Julian M W Quinn
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. .,Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.
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25
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Attard TM, Lawson CE. Comparison of the demographic characteristics of pediatric and adult colorectal cancer patients: a national inpatient sample based analysis. World J Pediatr 2019; 15:37-41. [PMID: 30259389 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-018-0187-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer in children is rare, but characterized by late presentation, unfavorable histology and poor prognosis. Risk factors for colorectal cancer in children overlap with those for adults with greater influence of hereditary syndromes. The epidemiology of colon cancer in children is poorly understood; the aim of this study was to characterize and compare the demographics and relevant clinical characteristics of pediatric and adult colon cancer, using a national inpatient sample. METHODS The AHRQ online resource HCUPnet/KID database was queried for children, under the age of 18 admitted with ICD 9 CM diagnoses relating to colorectal cancer, at the time of discharge. For comparison, the corresponding diagnoses in adult patients were queried for each successive year. Patient demographics including residential type and median income by zip-code, tumor localization; if recorded, and mean hospital charges were all accrued and analyzed. RESULTS Inpatient admissions for pediatric colorectal cancer were more likely male (54%), in the 15-17 years age bracket (57%). They were significantly more likely from Southwestern regions of the Unites States, and were significantly more likely from residential zip-codes identified as at or below the lowest income quartile than adult CRC patients or pediatric patients as a whole. Hospital charges have more than quadrupled over the time period studied (1997-2012). CONCLUSIONS Pediatric colorectal cancer is the most common primary gastrointestinal malignancy in children. Better understanding associated risk factors including those associated with gender, geographic region and social economic status may contribute to future prevention or early detection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Attard
- University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA. .,Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children's Mercy Hospital, 2401 Gillham Rd, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA.
| | - Caitlin E Lawson
- Division of Genetics, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
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Talibov M, Sormunen J, Hansen J, Kjaerheim K, Martinsen JI, Sparen P, Tryggvadottir L, Weiderpass E, Pukkala E. Benzene exposure at workplace and risk of colorectal cancer in four Nordic countries. Cancer Epidemiol 2018; 55:156-161. [PMID: 29980027 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this case-control study was to assess the effect of occupational benzene exposure on the risk of colorectal cancer, including its subtypes. METHODS The study included 181,709 colon cancer and 109,227 rectal cancer cases diagnosed between 1961 and 2005 in Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. Cases were identified from the Nordic Occupational Cancer Study (NOCCA) cohort. Five controls per case were selected from the same cohort, matched for country, birth year, and sex. Occupational benzene exposure for each study participant was estimated by linking their job titles to country specific job-exposure matrices. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by using conditional logistic regression models. The results were adjusted for physical strain at work, formaldehyde, ionizing radiation and wood dust. RESULTS Increased risk was observed for all colorectal cancer (OR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.05-1.18) for the high decile of cumulative benzene exposure, indicating a statistically significant dose-response relationship. This excess risk was mainly seen in ascending colon (OR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.13-1.43), and transversal colon (OR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.01-1.41). The ORs in the highest exposure category were markedly higher in women than in men in all subsites of colon and rectum. CONCLUSION This study showed an association between workplace benzene exposure and colorectal cancer. The risk was restricted to ascending and transversal colon, and was the strongest among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madar Talibov
- Faculty of Social/Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland; International Agency for Research on Cancer, Environment and Radiation Section, Lyon, France.
| | - Jorma Sormunen
- Faculty of Social/Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland; Tampere University Hospital, Department of Oncology, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Johnni Hansen
- The Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | | | - Per Sparen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Laufey Tryggvadottir
- Icelandic Cancer Registry, Reykjavik, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Oslo, Norway; Genetic Epidemiology Group, Folkhälsan Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Eero Pukkala
- Faculty of Social/Health Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland; Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Helsinki, Finland.
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El-Zaemey S, Anand TN, Heyworth JS, Boyle T, van Tongeren M, Fritschi L. Case–control study to assess the association between colorectal cancer and selected occupational agents using INTEROCC job exposure matrix. Occup Environ Med 2017; 75:290-295. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2017-104795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BackgroundColorectal cancer is the third most prevalent cancer in the world and is twice as common in developed countries when compared with low-income and middle-income countries. Few occupational risk factors for colorectal cancer have been identified. This case–control study aimed to assess the association between colorectal cancer and occupational exposure to selected solvents, combustion products, metals, dusts and other agents.MethodsCases (n=918) were enrolled from the Western Australian Cancer Registry from June 2005 to August 2007. Controls (n=1021) were randomly selected from the Western Australian electoral roll. We collected lifetime occupational history from cases and controls, in addition to their demographic and lifestyle characteristics. We applied the INTEROCC job exposure matrix to convert the occupational history to occupational exposure for 18 selected agents. Three exposure indices were developed: (1) exposed versus non-exposed; (2) lifetime cumulative exposure; and (3) total duration of exposure. The associations between colorectal cancer and the selected agents were estimated using logistic regression models adjusting for sex and age.ResultsNone of the 18 selected agents showed an association with colorectal cancer. No dose–response relationships with lifetime cumulative exposure or duration of exposure were observed.ConclusionThere was no evidence to suggest that occupational exposure to 18 selected agents increased the risk of colorectal cancer.
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Aghilinejad M, Kabir-Mokamelkhah E, Imanizade Z, Danesh H. Occupational Class Groups as a Risk Factor for Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Case-Control Study. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE 2017; 8:21-31. [PMID: 28051193 PMCID: PMC6679632 DOI: 10.15171/ijoem.2017.851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer has a high mortality rate in both developing and developed countries. 11%-15% of cancers are attributable to occupational risk factors. OBJECTIVE To determine if specific occupational classes, based on the International Standard for Classification of Occupations 2008 (ISCO-08), are risk factors for gastrointestinal (GI) cancer. METHODS In this case-control study, 834 cancer patients were interviewed by a single physician. Cases included patients with GI cancer. Age-matched controls were selected from non-GI cancer patients. Each year of working, up until 5 years before the diagnosis, was questioned and categorized by the ISCO classification. RESULTS 243 GI cancer cases and 243 non-GI cancer patients (486 in total) were studied. Working in ISCO class 8 (plant and machine operators, and assemblers) was significantly associated with higher risk of GI cancer (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.52). Working in ISCO class 6 (skilled agricultural, forestry and fishery workers) and 9 (elementary occupations) were also associated with higher incidence of GI cancers. CONCLUSION Working in ISCO classes of 8, 6, and 9, which are usually associated with low socio-economic status, can be considered a risk factor for GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashallah Aghilinejad
- Occupational Medicine Research Center (OMRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Kabir-Mokamelkhah
- Occupational Medicine Research Center (OMRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Imanizade
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Hossein Danesh
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
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Turner MC, Krewski D, Diver WR, Pope CA, Burnett RT, Jerrett M, Marshall JD, Gapstur SM. Ambient Air Pollution and Cancer Mortality in the Cancer Prevention Study II. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2017; 125:087013. [PMID: 28886601 PMCID: PMC5783657 DOI: 10.1289/ehp1249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The International Agency for Research on Cancer classified both outdoor air pollution and airborne particulate matter as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) for lung cancer. There may be associations with cancer at other sites; however, the epidemiological evidence is limited. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to clarify whether ambient air pollution is associated with specific types of cancer other than lung cancer by examining associations of ambient air pollution with nonlung cancer death in the Cancer Prevention Study II (CPS-II). METHODS Analysis included 623,048 CPS-II participants who were followed for 22 y (1982-2004). Modeled estimates of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <2.5µm (PM2.5) (1999-2004), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (2006), and ozone (O3) (2002-2004) concentrations were linked to the participant residence at enrollment. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate associations per each fifth percentile-mean increment with cancer mortality at 29 anatomic sites, adjusted for individual and ecological covariates. RESULTS We observed 43,320 nonlung cancer deaths. PM2.5 was significantly positively associated with death from cancers of the kidney {adjusted hazard ratio (HR) per 4.4 μg/m3=1.14 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.27]} and bladder [HR=1.13 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.23)]. NO2 was positively associated with colorectal cancer mortality [HR per 6.5 ppb=1.06 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.10). The results were similar in two-pollutant models including PM2.5 and NO2 and in three-pollutant models with O3. We observed no statistically significant positive associations with death from other types of cancer based on results from adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS The results from this large prospective study suggest that ambient air pollution was not associated with death from most nonlung cancers, but associations with kidney, bladder, and colorectal cancer death warrant further investigation. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1249.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C Turner
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) , Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) , Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Krewski
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada
| | - W Ryan Diver
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society , Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - C Arden Pope
- Department of Economics, Brigham Young University , Provo, Utah, USA
| | | | - Michael Jerrett
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Julian D Marshall
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Susan M Gapstur
- Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society , Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Sodhi-Berry N, Reid A, Fritschi L, Musk AW(B, Vermeulen R, de Klerk N, Peters S. Cancer incidence in the Western Australian mining industry (1996–2013). Cancer Epidemiol 2017; 49:8-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Houbraken M, Bauweraerts I, Fevery D, Van Labeke MC, Spanoghe P. Pesticide knowledge and practice among horticultural workers in the Lâm Đồng region, Vietnam: A case study of chrysanthemum and strawberries. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 550:1001-1009. [PMID: 26855353 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Vietnam, large amounts of pesticides are being used in agriculture. Next to benefits for agriculture, pesticides impose a huge threat to the environment when they are used in the wrong way. The objective of this work was to determine the level of knowledge and awareness of the smallholder farmers towards the use of pesticides in Vietnam, Dà Lat region. Based on the collected data, an occupational and environmental risk assessment was performed. RESULTS The results indicate that the majority of the pesticide operators in the strawberry and chrysanthemum crops have a rather high education. Pesticide knowledge, on the other hand, is usually gained through experience with pests and diseases. Only 30% of the farmers consulted a pesticide specialist or government stewardship for information on (new) pesticide products. Pesticide usage is rather high with application frequencies up to once every three days during the wet season. Pesticide packages are stored to be incinerated (51%) or to be thrown away with the garbage/taken to the landfill (37%). Only a small percentage disposes the packages into the local river (2%). The use of personal protection equipment is well established. Occupational risk assessment showed that the re-entry worker is exposed to a high risk. CONCLUSION While a general awareness of the hazard of pesticides to human health and the environment is present, practical implementation of this awareness, however, is still limited in strawberry and chrysanthemum crop. The environmental risk evaluation indicated plant protection products of which the use should be limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Houbraken
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Crop Protection, Laboratory of Crop Protection Chemistry, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Ingvar Bauweraerts
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Applied Ecology and Environmental Biology, Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Davina Fevery
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Crop Protection, Laboratory of Crop Protection Chemistry, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marie-Christine Van Labeke
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Plant Production, In Vitro Biology and Horticulture, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter Spanoghe
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Crop Protection, Laboratory of Crop Protection Chemistry, Ghent, Belgium
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Scully A, Cheung I. Colorectal Cancer Screening. Workplace Health Saf 2016; 64:114-22; quiz 123. [DOI: 10.1177/2165079915616647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. It is a potentially preventable disease and ideally suited to a screening program. CRC screening is an early detection strategy for occupational health nurses to offer in the workplace. Education and outreach are key components of this intervention. Many test options are available for CRC screening. This article is an integrative literature review that summarizes evidence to support colorectal screening in the workplace, offers screening recommendations from authoritative agencies, and provides guidance for occupational health nurses who plan to implement a screening program. Current screening limitations using fecal occult blood tests are addressed and an inventory of CRC screening activities in select countries is included.
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Starska K, Bryś M, Forma E, Olszewski J, Pietkiewicz P, Lewy-Trenda I, Danilewicz M, Krześlak A. The effect of metallothionein 2A core promoter region single-nucleotide polymorphism on accumulation of toxic metals in sinonasal inverted papilloma tissues. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 285:187-97. [PMID: 25900616 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are intracellular thiol-rich heavy metal-binding proteins which join trace metal ions protecting cells against heavy metal toxicity and regulate metal distribution and donation to various enzymes and transcription factors. The goal of this study was to identify the -5 A/G (rs28366003) single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the core promoter region of the MT2A gene, and to investigate its effect on allele-specific gene expression and Cd, Zn, Cu and Ni content in sinonasal inverted papilloma tissue (IP), with non-cancerous sinonasal mucosa (NCM) as a control. The MT2A promoter region -5 A/G SNP was identified by restriction fragment length polymorphism using 117 IP and 132 NCM. MT2A gene analysis was performed by quantitative real-time PCR. Metal levels were analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The frequency of A allele carriage was 99.2% and 100% in IP and NCM, respectively. The G allele carriage was detected in 23.9% of IP and in 12.1% of the NCM samples. As a result, a significant association of -5 A/G SNP in MT2A gene with mRNA expression in both groups was determined. A significant association was identified between the -5 A/G SNP in the MT2A gene with mRNA expression in both groups. A highly significant association was detected between the rs28366003 genotype and Cd and Zn content in IP. Furthermore, significant differences were identified between A/A and A/G genotype with regard to the type of metal contaminant. The Spearman rank correlation results showed the MT2A gene expression and both Cd and Cu levels were negatively correlated. The results obtained in this study suggest that the -5 A/G SNP in the MT2A gene may have an effect on allele-specific gene expression and toxic metal accumulation in sinonasal inverted papilloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Starska
- I Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, Medical University of Łódź, Kopcinskiego 22, 90-153 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Bryś
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, University of Łódź, Pomorska 142/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Ewa Forma
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, University of Łódź, Pomorska 142/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
| | - Jurek Olszewski
- II Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, Medical University of Łódź, Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Pietkiewicz
- II Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, Medical University of Łódź, Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, Poland
| | - Iwona Lewy-Trenda
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Łódź, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Łódź, Poland
| | - Marian Danilewicz
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Łódź, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Łódź, Poland
| | - Anna Krześlak
- Department of Cytobiochemistry, University of Łódź, Pomorska 142/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland
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