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Huang Z, Peng J, Xu L, Liu P. Development and Application of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS). NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1417. [PMID: 39269079 PMCID: PMC11397088 DOI: 10.3390/nano14171417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the phenomenon of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), it has gradually become an important tool for the analysis of material compositions and structures. The applications of SERS have been expanded from the fields of environmental and materials science to biomedicine due to the extremely high sensitivity and non-destructiveness of SERS-based analytical technology that even allows single-molecule detection. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) phenomenon. The content is divided into several main sections: basic principles and the significance of Raman spectroscopy; historical advancements and technological progress in SERS; and various practical applications across different fields. We also discuss how electromagnetic fields contribute to the SERS effect, the role of chemical interactions in enhancing Raman signals, a modeling and computational approaches to understand and predict SERS effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkai Huang
- School of Materials and Energy, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Jianping Peng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Liguo Xu
- College of Light Chemical Industry and Materials Engineering, Shunde Polytechnic, Foshan 528333, China
| | - Peijiang Liu
- Reliability Physics and Application Technology of Electronic Component Key Laboratory, The 5th Electronics Research Institute of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Guangzhou 510610, China
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2
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Jiang YK, Li W, Qiu YY, Yue M. Advances in targeted therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive in advanced gastric cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:2318-2334. [PMID: 38994153 PMCID: PMC11236256 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i6.2318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging therapeutic methods represented by targeted therapy are effective supplements to traditional first-line chemoradiotherapy resistance. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is one of the most important targets in targeted therapy for gastric cancer. Trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy has been used as the first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer. The safety and efficacy of pertuzumab and margetuximab in the treatment of gastric cancer have been verified. However, monoclonal antibodies, due to their large molecular weight, inability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, and drug resistance, lead to decreased therapeutic efficacy, so it is necessary to explore the efficacy of other HER2-targeting therapies in gastric cancer. Small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as lapatinib and pyrrotinib, have the advantages of small molecular weight, penetrating the blood-brain barrier and high oral bioavailability, and are expected to become the drugs of choice for perioperative treatment and neoadjuvant therapy of gastric cancer after validation by large-scale clinical trials in the future. Antibo-drug conjugate, such as T-DM1 and T-DXd, can overcome the resistance of monoclonal antibodies despite their different mechanisms of tumor killing, and are a supplement for the treatment of patients who have failed the treatment of monoclonal antibodies such as trastuzumab. Therefore, after more detailed stratification of gastric cancer patients, various gastric cancer drugs targeting HER2 are expected to play a more significant role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Kun Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wei Li
- Health Management Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying-Yang Qiu
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Meng Yue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, Shandong Province, China
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Huang X, He D, Lai L, Chen J, Zhang Y, Mao H. Evaluation of clinical efficacy, adverse reactions, and safety of PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy when treating advanced gastric cancer. BMC Gastroenterol 2023; 23:374. [PMID: 37915064 PMCID: PMC10619224 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-03011-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper aimed to assess the clinical efficacy, adverse reactions, and safety of employing PD-1 inhibitors in conjunction with chemotherapy as a treatment strategy for advanced gastric cancer (GC). METHODS Ninety patients with advanced GC from January 2020 to December 2021 were divided into the research group (n = 45) and the control group (n = 45). The control group was treated with apatinib and tigio. The study group was treated with PD-1 inhibitor combined with apatinib and tigio. The remission rate (RR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival (OS), Eastern Oncology Collaborative Group Physical Status Assessment (ECOG-PS) score, EORTCQLQ-C30 (v3.0) score, and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. RESULTS The research group exhibited improved outcomes in several key metrics relative to the control group. Specifically, the RR, DCR, and OS were notably higher in the research group. Additionally, the ECOG-PS score was significantly reduced, indicating better performance. At a median follow-up of 8.7 months, the research group's functional and total health scores on the EORTC QLQ-C30 (v3.0) scale had seen significant improvement compared to their initial scores and were also superior to the control group's scores. Importantly, both groups demonstrated comparable incidence rates for adverse reactions, with no significant difference observed (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION PD-1 inhibitor combined with chemotherapy was more effective when treating patients with advanced GC. It was more beneficial to enhance the patient's condition, promote survival time, and improve physical status and life quality. In addition, the adverse reactions could be controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Central Hospital, 158 Wuyang Road, Enshi, 445000, Hubei, China
| | - Du He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Central Hospital, 158 Wuyang Road, Enshi, 445000, Hubei, China
| | - Lin Lai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Central Hospital, 158 Wuyang Road, Enshi, 445000, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Central Hospital, 158 Wuyang Road, Enshi, 445000, Hubei, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Central Hospital, 158 Wuyang Road, Enshi, 445000, Hubei, China
| | - Huilin Mao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Central Hospital, 158 Wuyang Road, Enshi, 445000, Hubei, China.
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Li C, Liu S, Zhang Q, Wan D, Shen R, Wang Z, Li Y, Hu B. Combining Raman spectroscopy and machine learning to assist early diagnosis of gastric cancer. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 287:122049. [PMID: 36368293 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancers, with gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) as the most common histological type, cause quite a few of deaths. In order to improve the survival rate after GAC treatment, it is important to develop a method for early detection and therapy support of GAC. Raman spectroscopy is a potential tool for probing cancer cell due to its real-time and non-destructive measurements without any additional reagents. In this study, we use Raman spectroscopy to examine GAC samples, and distinguish cancerous gastric mucosa from normal gastric mucosa. Average Raman spectra of two groups show differences at 750 cm-1, 1004 cm-1, 1449 cm-1, 1089-1128 cm-1, 1311-1367 cm-1 and 1585-1665 cm-1, These peaks were assigned to cytochrome c, phenylalanine, phospholipid, collagen, lipid, and unsaturated fatty acid respectively. Furthermore, we build a SENet-LSTM model to realize the automatic classification of cancerous gastric mucosa and normal gastric mucosa, with all preprocessed Raman spectra in the range of 400-1800 cm-1 as input. An accuracy 96.20% was achieved. Besides, by using masking method, we found the Raman spectral features which determine the classification and explore the explainability of the classification model. The results are consistent with the conclusions obtained from the average spectrum. All results indicate it is potential for pre-cancerous screening to combine Raman spectroscopy and machine learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenming Li
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- The first hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Dongdong Wan
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Rong Shen
- School of basic medical sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Yuee Li
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Bin Hu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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Yu K, Kuang L, Fu T, Zhang C, Zhou Y, Zhu C, Zhang Q, Zhang Z, Le A. CREM Is Correlated With Immune-Suppressive Microenvironment and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Gastric Adenocarcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:697748. [PMID: 34938728 PMCID: PMC8685542 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.697748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcriptional repressor cAMP response element modulator (CREM) has an important role in T-cell development. In this study, we used the integrated Bioinformatics Methods to explore the role of CREM in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). Our results showed that high CREM expression was closely related with poorer overall survival in GAC. By GSEA cluster analysis, we found that the high expression of CREM was associated with the cancer-associated pathway in GAC. Moreover, single-cell sequencing data showed that CREM is mainly localized in exhausted CD8+ T cells. Its prognostic value and the potential function lead to T-cell exhaustion in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Similar results were also obtained in glioma and lung cancer. High expression of CREM, correlated with clinical relevance of GAC, was associated with T-cell exhaustion and M2 polarization in GAC. These findings suggest that CREM can be used as a prognostic biomarker in GAC, which might provide a novel direction to explore the pathogenesis of GAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuai Yu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Transfusion Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Linju Kuang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Transfusion Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tianmei Fu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Transfusion Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Congkai Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Transfusion Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuru Zhou
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Transfusion Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Transfusion Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Transfusion Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhanglin Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Transfusion Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Aiping Le
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Transfusion Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Tseng CH. The Relationship between Diabetes Mellitus and Gastric Cancer and the Potential Benefits of Metformin: An Extensive Review of the Literature. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11071022. [PMID: 34356646 PMCID: PMC8301937 DOI: 10.3390/biom11071022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this review is to summarize the findings of published research that investigated the relationship between diabetes mellitus and gastric cancer (GCa) and the potential benefits of metformin on GCa. Related literature has been extensively reviewed, and findings from studies investigating the relationship between diabetes mellitus and GCa suggest that hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance are closely related to the development of GCa. Although not supported by all, most observational studies suggest an increased risk of GCa in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, especially in women and in Asian populations. Incidence of second primary malignancy diagnosed after GCa is significantly higher in diabetes patients. Diabetes patients with GCa may have more complications after gastrectomy or chemotherapy and they may have a poorer prognosis than patients with GCa but without diabetes mellitus. However, glycemic control may improve in the diabetes patients with GCa after receiving gastrectomy, especially after procedures that bypass the duodenum and proximal jejunum, such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or Billroth II reconstruction. The potential links between diabetes mellitus and GCa may involve the interactions with shared risk factors (e.g., obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, high salt intake, smoking, etc.), Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, medications (e.g., insulin, metformin, statins, aspirin, proton pump inhibitors, antibiotics, etc.) and comorbidities (e.g., hypertension, dyslipidemia, vascular complications, heart failure, renal failure, etc.). With regards to the potential benefits of metformin on GCa, results of most observational studies suggest a reduced risk of GCa associated with metformin use in patients with T2DM, which can be supported by evidence derived from many in vitro and animal studies. Metformin use may also reduce the risk of HP infection, an important risk factor of GCa. In patients with GCa, metformin users may have improved survival and reduced recurrence. More studies are required to clarify the pathological subtypes/anatomical sites of GCa associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus or prevented by metformin, to confirm whether GCa risk can also be increased in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and to explore the possible role of gastric microbiota in the development of GCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hsiao Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10051, Taiwan; ; Tel.: +886-2-2388-3578
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
- Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 350, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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Breath analysis based early gastric cancer classification from deep stacked sparse autoencoder neural network. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4014. [PMID: 33597551 PMCID: PMC7889910 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83184-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep learning is an emerging tool, which is regularly used for disease diagnosis in the medical field. A new research direction has been developed for the detection of early-stage gastric cancer. The computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems reduce the mortality rate due to their effectiveness. In this study, we proposed a new method for feature extraction using a stacked sparse autoencoder to extract the discriminative features from the unlabeled data of breath samples. A Softmax classifier was then integrated to the proposed method of feature extraction, to classify gastric cancer from the breath samples. Precisely, we identified fifty peaks in each spectrum to distinguish the EGC, AGC, and healthy persons. This CAD system reduces the distance between the input and output by learning the features and preserve the structure of the input data set of breath samples. The features were extracted from the unlabeled data of the breath samples. After the completion of unsupervised training, autoencoders with Softmax classifier were cascaded to develop a deep stacked sparse autoencoder neural network. In last, fine-tuning of the developed neural network was carried out with labeled training data to make the model more reliable and repeatable. The proposed deep stacked sparse autoencoder neural network architecture exhibits excellent results, with an overall accuracy of 98.7% for advanced gastric cancer classification and 97.3% for early gastric cancer detection using breath analysis. Moreover, the developed model produces an excellent result for recall, precision, and f score value, making it suitable for clinical application.
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8
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Song X, Qi W, Guo J, Sun L, Ding A, Zhao G, Li H, Qiu W, Lv J. Immune checkpoint inhibitor combination therapy for gastric cancer: Research progress. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:46. [PMID: 32802168 PMCID: PMC7412728 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common types of cancer; notably, gastric cancer is one of the top five malignancies with regards to incidence and mortality rates. The symptoms of early gastric cancer are not typical, exhibiting only slight upper abdominal discomfort. When the symptoms become more obvious, the lesion has usually progressed to an advanced stage. Notably, >90% of inpatients already have locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer at the time of initial diagnosis, with limited treatment options for advanced gastric cancer. These options include chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). With regards to ICIs, the clinical benefit of monotherapy for advanced gastric cancer is limited; however, combinations of ICIs and other therapies may have clinical benefit. Relevant clinical studies have demonstrated that combinations of ICIs with chemotherapy, anti-vascular targeted therapy or other molecular targeted therapies, and the use of two ICIs, improve outcomes for patients with advanced gastric cancer. This article is a review of progress in the use of ICIs in combination with other therapies for the treatment of gastric cancer. The purpose of this article was to advance gastric cancer immunotherapy and to improve the overall therapeutic benefit for patients with advanced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Song
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Qi
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Libin Sun
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Aiping Ding
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Guanghui Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Wensheng Qiu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Lv
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
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Luo Q, Zhang S, Zhang D, Yuan F, Chen X, Yang S. Expression of ASAP1 and FAK in gastric cancer and its clinicopathological significance. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:974-980. [PMID: 32566028 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze the expression levels of adenosine diphosphate ribosylation factor guanylate kinase 1 (ASAP1) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in gastric cancer (GC) tissues in order to explore their association with clinicopathological features and prognosis. A total of 32 patients with GC were enrolled in the present study. All patients had complete clinical follow-up data and paraffin-embedded normal gastric mucosal tissues. The expression levels of ASAP1 and FAK in these tissues were measured by immunohistochemistry. The associations of ASAP1 and FAK expression with clinicopathological factors and the survival of patients with GC were subsequently analyzed. The expression levels of ASAP1 (59.4%) and FAK (68.8%) in GC tissues were significantly higher than those in normal gastric mucosal tissues (28.1 and 40.6%, P<0.05). The expression levels of ASAP1 and FAK were associated with depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis and pathological stage (P<0.05). ASAP1 expression was positively associated with FAK expression (P<0.001). In addition, ASAP1 and FAK expression levels were negatively associated with disease-free survival time and overall survival time (P<0.05). The 5-year overall survival rate was significantly higher in patients with negative ASAP1 or FAK expression compared with that in patients with positive ASAP1 or FAK expression (P<0.05). In conclusion, ASAP1 and FAK were highly expressed in human GC tissues and may serve a synergistic role in promoting tumorigenesis, progression, invasion and metastasis in patients with GC. ASAP1 and FAK expression in GC were associated with patient's survival. Therefore, ASAP1 and FAK may represent novel molecular markers for the pathophysiology and prognosis of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Luo
- Department of Oncology Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Suyun Zhang
- Department of Oncology Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Donghuan Zhang
- Department of Oncology Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Xiangqi Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Department of Oncology Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
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Nagata H, Tsujimoto H, Yaguchi Y, Kouzu K, Itazaki Y, Ishibashi Y, Tsuchiya S, Sugihara T, Ito N, Harada M, Nomura S, Utsumi Y, Shimazaki H, Kishi Y, Ueno H. Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma with loss of HER2 positivity after trastuzumab-based chemotherapy for HER2-positive gastric cancer: a case report. Surg Case Rep 2020; 6:5. [PMID: 31916037 PMCID: PMC6949340 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-020-0774-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trastuzumab (T-mab)-based chemotherapy is a standard regimen for human epithelial growth factor 2 (HER2)-positive gastric cancer. However, some patients have demonstrated a change in HER2 status after T-mab-based treatment of breast cancer. We report a rare case of mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma with loss of HER2 positivity after T-mab-based chemotherapy for HER2-positive gastric cancer. CASE PRESENTATION A 60-year-old man presented with a mass of the upper abdomen, which was diagnosed as adenocarcinoma with a HER2 score of 3+ by endoscopic biopsy. He received seven cycles of combination chemotherapy with capecitabine, cisplatin, and T-mab. Subsequently, he underwent open total gastrectomy, distal pancreatosplenectomy, and extended left hepatic lobectomy as a conversion surgery. The surgically resected specimen demonstrated both adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine components; therefore, it was diagnosed as HER2-negative mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma. Although the patient received additional chemotherapy, multiple liver metastases appeared at 3 months postoperatively and he died at 6 months postoperatively because of the rapidly progressing metastatic tumor. CONCLUSIONS We encountered a rare case of rapidly progressive mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma that was negative for HER2 expression after T-mab treatment combined with chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Nagata
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Hironori Tsujimoto
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Yaguchi
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Keita Kouzu
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Yujiro Itazaki
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Yusuke Ishibashi
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Satoshi Tsuchiya
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Takao Sugihara
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Nozomi Ito
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Manabu Harada
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Shinsuke Nomura
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Utsumi
- Department of Pathology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Hideyuki Shimazaki
- Department of Pathology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Yoji Kishi
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Hideki Ueno
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
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Lin Y, Wang H, Wang X, Li M, Chen H, Peng J. Low expression of RecQ-like helicase 5 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:985-991. [PMID: 31897211 PMCID: PMC6924161 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of RecQ-like helicase 5 (RECQL5) in gastric cancer (GC) is unclear. This study investigated the expression, clinicopathological association and prognosis of RECQL5 protein in human GC. Firstly, the Oncomine database was used to determine the mRNA expression levels of RECQL5 in GC samples. GC samples and adjacent normal gastric tissue samples were subsequently assessed to determine RECQL5 protein expression levels using immunohistochemistry. The clinicopathological association with RECQL5 expression was analyzed. Multivariate Cox analysis was performed to determine the relationship between RECQL5 expression and survival outcomes. Data from the Oncomine database revealed that RECQL5 mRNA was significantly downregulated in GC tissues compared with that in normal gastric tissues (P<0.05). These results were then validated at the protein level as RECQL5 protein expression was found to be significantly downregulated in GC samples compared with that in normal gastric tissues (P<0.05). Low expression of RECQL5 was significantly associated with depth of tumor invasion, histological differentiation and TNM stage (all P<0.05) and indicated poor prognosis in patients with GC. Multivariate analysis revealed that low RECQL5 expression and depth of invasion were independent prognostic factors for GC (P<0.05). These results suggest that low expression of RECQL5 is associated with carcinogenesis and invasion in GC and with poor overall survival in patients with GC. RECQL5 may be a novel prognostic marker for patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China
| | - Huashe Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China
| | - Xinyou Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Digestion, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China
| | - Honglei Chen
- Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Center, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Junsheng Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China
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12
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Lv H, Zhou QH, Zhong DS. A pooled analysis of molecularly targeted agents for treatment of metastatic oesophago-gastric cancer in elderly patients. Arch Med Sci 2020; 16:253-259. [PMID: 32190134 PMCID: PMC7069423 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2020.93341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of molecularly targeted agents (MTAs) in the treatment of elderly patients with metastatic oesophago-gastric cancer (mOGC). MATERIAL AND METHODS We systematically searched electronic databases and abstracts presented at American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) meetings up to January 31, 2017. Hazard ratios (HRs) were used to estimate overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Subgroup analysis and publication bias were also evaluated. All statistical analysis was conducted using Comprehensive Meta Analysis software (Version 2.0). RESULTS A total of 2,149 elderly patients with mOGC from thirteen trials were included. Compared to non-MTA-containing regimens, OS was significantly improved in the MTA-containing regimens (HR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.75-0.99, p = 0.037), but not for PFS (HR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.85-1.30, p = 0.67). In addition, subgroup analysis indicated that MTA-containing regimens as second-line therapy in elderly mOGC patients significantly improved PFS (HR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.39-0.85, p = 0.005) and OS (HR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.70-0.96, p = 0.016), but did not significantly improve PFS (HR = 1.36; 95% CI: 1.06-1.76, p = 0.017) and OS (HR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.77-1.27, p = 0.90) for MTA-containing regimens as first-line therapy in these patients. No publication bias was detected by Begg's and Egger's tests for OS and PFS. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the MTA-containing therapies significantly improve OS but not for PFS in elderly mOGC patients. Sub-group analysis shows that improved efficacy is only observed in the second-line setting and not in the first-line setting. Our findings support the use of angiogenesis as second-line treatment for elderly mOGC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lv
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing-Hua Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dian-Sheng Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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13
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Tang X, Zhu J, Liu Y, Chen C, Liu T, Liu J. Current Understanding of Circular RNAs in Gastric Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:10509-10521. [PMID: 31853202 PMCID: PMC6916696 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s223204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Advanced diagnosis and high rates of relapse and metastasis are associated with the poor prognosis of this disease. GC has a complex etiopathogenesis of which the underlying mechanisms remain to be explored. Studies on circular RNAs (circRNAs), noncoding RNAs that may be potential targets in GC, have made substantial progress over the past few years. CircRNAs exert important effects on the onset and progression of GC. Hence, this article aims to summarize the findings of recent studies of circRNAs related to GC and to describe the underlying mechanisms and potential applications. The findings indicate that circRNAs participate in GC regulation, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis through regulating microRNAs, proteins, genes, and signaling pathways. In addition, dysregulated circRNAs may be used as novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets. This review is expected to facilitate a better understanding of GC, and it suggests novel circRNA-based methods to inhibit or prevent GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohuan Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaming Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanda Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianzhou Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
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14
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AlMazmomy AM, Al-Hayani MM, Alomari M, Bazi AG. The Use of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Type 2-Targeting Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in the Management of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Type 2-Positive Gastric Cancer: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2019; 11:e6295. [PMID: 31938588 PMCID: PMC6942496 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.6295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC), including gastroesophageal junction cancer (GEJC), continues to be one of the most frequently diagnosed neoplasms globally. Moreover, GC/GEJC is a principal cause of neoplasm-related fatalities. Early-stage GC/GEJC has a favorable five-year overall survival (OS) rate with surgical resection. However, the vast majority of patients present with advanced inoperable or metastatic disease with a very unfavorable five-year OS rate. Such patients are left with very limited therapeutic options, such as systemic chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, all of which can be performed as monotherapy or in various combinations. The molecular profiling of GC has revealed several personalized therapeutic vulnerabilities, one of which is the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (EGFR2, also known as HER2). HER2 overexpression or amplification is present in a fair subset of patients with GC/GEJC and has been shown to correlate with poor clinicopathological prognostic outcomes. Generally, treatment schemes to tackle HER2 in HER2-positive GC/GEJC comprise the use of anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies or HER2-targeting tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). In this study, we engage in a narrative review of the available phase II and III literature on the efficacy and safety of HER2-targeting TKIs in the management of HER2-positive GC/GEJC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim M AlMazmomy
- Surgery, College of Medicine King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, SAU
| | - Majed M Al-Hayani
- Neurology, College of Medicine King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, SAU
| | - Mohammed Alomari
- Pediatrics, College of Medicine King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, SAU
| | - Abdulrahman G Bazi
- Internal Medicine, College of Medicine King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, SAU
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15
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Wang J, Yang M, Wang Q, Ji G. Comparison of Early Oral Feeding With Traditional Oral Feeding After Total Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1194. [PMID: 31788451 PMCID: PMC6854017 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to compare the feasibility and safety of early oral feeding (EOF) with traditional oral feeding (TOF) after radical total gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Methods: This retrospective study included consecutive patients who underwent total gastrectomy from April 2016 and November 2018. These patients were divided into two groups, according to their postoperative feeding protocol: EOF group (n = 314) and TOF group (n = 433). Propensity score matching was used to balance the potential confounders, and 276 patients were selected from each group. The EOF group received oral diet on postoperative day one, while the TOF group were started on oral feeding after the passage of flatus. Results: No significant differences were found in the postoperative complications (P = 0.426) and tolerance to oral feeding (P > 0.056) between the two groups. The changes in perioperative nutritional markers were also similar between the two groups (P > 0.05). The time to first passage of flatus or defecation (47.19 ± 12.00 h vs. 58.19 ± 9.89 h, P < 0.0001) and length of postoperative hospital stay (6.84 ± 2.31 days vs. 7.72 ± 2.86 days, P < 0.0001) were significantly lower in the EOF group compared to the TOF group. Conclusion: EOF may be safe and feasible after radical total gastrectomy with faster recovery and no increased risk of postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xi Jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Yang
- Emergency Department, Huangpu Branch of the Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to the Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xi Jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Ji
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xi Jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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16
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Valentini AM, Di Pinto F, Coletta S, Guerra V, Armentano R, Caruso ML. Tumor microenvironment immune types in gastric cancer are associated with mismatch repair however, not HER2 status. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:1775-1785. [PMID: 31423245 PMCID: PMC6614673 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative gastric cancer is a major challenge. Immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors is a rapidly growing field. In a number of malignancy types it has been demonstrated that patients with mismatch repair deficiency efficiently respond to programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade therapy. Recent studies have evaluated tumor microenvironment immune types to predict which patients may clinically benefit from immunotherapy. The present study aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 in 70 gastric cancer tissue samples. Potential associations between PD-L1 expression and mismatch repair deficiency, HER2 and Epstein Barr virus (EBV) status were then investigated in the context of the tumor microenvironment. A positive association was identified for PD-L1 expression with mismatch repair deficiency and EBV status; however, no association was revealed with HER2 status. Immunohistochemistry was then used to classify the microenvironment immune types. This demonstrated that the majority of the gastric cancer samples (73%) belonged to the tumor microenvironment immune type II [PD-L1-/cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8)+ low], which involves an immune ignorant state and has a low sensitivity to immunotherapy. However, 7% of the gastric cancer cases were identified to belong to the tumor microenvironment immune type I (PD-L1+/CD8+ high), which exhibits adaptive immune escape responses and a high chance of reversion with immune checkpoint blockade therapy. In conclusion, the present study emphasized the importance of evaluating tumor microenvironment immune types, mismatch repair deficiency status and EBV status, rather than PD-L1 expression alone, when evaluating the eligibility of a patient for immunotherapy with anti-programmed cell death protein-1/PD-L1 antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Valentini
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Gastroenterology ‘S. de Bellis’, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, I-70013 Bari, Italy
| | - Federica Di Pinto
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Gastroenterology ‘S. de Bellis’, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, I-70013 Bari, Italy
| | - Sergio Coletta
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Gastroenterology ‘S. de Bellis’, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, I-70013 Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Guerra
- Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Gastroenterology ‘S. de Bellis’, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, I-70013 Bari, Italy
| | - Raffaele Armentano
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Gastroenterology ‘S. de Bellis’, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, I-70013 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Caruso
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Gastroenterology ‘S. de Bellis’, Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, I-70013 Bari, Italy
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17
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Huang SC, Ng KF, Yeh TS, Cheng CT, Lin JS, Liu YJ, Chuang HC, Chen TC. Subtraction of Epstein-Barr virus and microsatellite instability genotypes from the Lauren histotypes: Combined molecular and histologic subtyping with clinicopathological and prognostic significance validated in a cohort of 1,248 cases. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:3218-3230. [PMID: 30771224 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Limited studies investigated clinicopathological and prognostic significance of histologic and molecular subgroups of gastric cancer concurrently. We retrospectively enrolled 1,248 patients with gastric cancer who received radical gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy and classified these cases into the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated and microsatellite instability (MSI)-associated subtypes by EBV-encoded small RNA in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical stains for DNA mismatch repair proteins, respectively. The remaining cases were categorized as the Lauren intestinal and diffuse/mixed subtypes. The clinicopathological and prognostic significance of the subtypes was examined by statistical analysis. In total, 65 (5.2%), 116 (9.3%), 496 (39.7%), 431 (34.5%) and 140 (11.2%) cases were identified as EBV-associated, MSI-associated, intestinal, diffuse and mixed subtypes, respectively. The EBV-associated, MSI-associated, intestinal and diffuse/mixed subtypes exhibited distinctive clinicopathological characteristics, including differences in age, gender, stump cancer, gastric location, tumor size, TNM stage, margin involvement, lymphatic/perineural invasion, HER2 status and recurrence pattern. The log-rank test showed survival discrimination (p < 0.001), and the multivariate analysis identified EBV-associated and MSI-associated cases demonstrated better outcomes than the diffuse/mixed subtype (EBV, HR 0.464, 95% CI 0.296-0.727, p = 0.001; MSI, HR 0.590, 95% CI 0.407-0.856, p = 0.005). EBV-associated lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma cases had the most favorable outcome (HR 0.138, 95% CI 0.033-0.565, p = 0.006). In different clinical groups, the subtypes exhibited survival discrepancies. The EBV-associated and diffuse/mixed cases exhibited more favorable response to chemotherapy. In conclusion, this combined classification, in parallel with the molecular subtypes specified in the Cancer Genome Atlas study, has implications for the clinical management of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chiang Huang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kwai-Fong Ng
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Sen Yeh
- Department of Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tung Cheng
- Department of Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jie-Sian Lin
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Liu
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Chieh Chuang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Ching Chen
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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18
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MHC Class 1 and PDL-1 Status of Primary Tumor and Lymph Node Metastatic Tumor Tissue in Gastric Cancers. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2019; 2019:4785098. [PMID: 30881447 PMCID: PMC6381579 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4785098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of metastatic gastric cancer is poor. Despite the use of VEGF-, EGFR-, and HER2-targeting agents, prognosis is still poor in advanced gastric cancer. Although cancer immunotherapy responds well in some patients, clinical use is limited due to unanswered patients. For this reason, it is necessary to know the characteristics of primary and metastatic cancer cells for patient selection for immunotherapy and additional criteria are required. MHC-1 downregulation is most frequently observed in the tumor escape mechanism of cancer cells from the immune system. MHC-1 downregulation with increased PDL-1 expression of cancer cells has an important role in immune escape. MHC-1 downregulation and PDL-1 expression have been shown in many types of cancers. However, there is no study on the status of MHC-1 and PDL-1 in primary and metastatic tumor tissue. In this study, MHC-1 and PDL-1 score in primary and metastatic tumor cells was evaluated in 43 gastric cancer patients with lymph node metastasis. According to our results, the primary tumor PDL-1 score was correlated with the number of metastatic lymph nodes (r = 0.258; p = 0.024) and primary tumor size (r = 0.341; p = 0.045). A similar correlation was found between the primary tumor PDL-1 score and the metastatic tumor PDL-1 score (r = 0.213; p = 0.015). In our study, MHC-1 was found to be higher in primary tumors than metastatic tumors, although not statistically significant (p = 0.054). The results of our study showed high MHC-1 and low PDL-1 expression in primary tumors and low MHC-1 and high PDL-1 expression in metastatic tumors. These results reveal different biological characteristics of primary and metastatic tumor cells.
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19
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Huang Z, Zhang A, Zhang Q, Cui D. Nanomaterial-based SERS sensing technology for biomedical application. J Mater Chem B 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00666d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years, nanomaterial-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection has emerged as a new exciting field in which theoretical and experimental studies of the structure and function of nanomaterials have become a focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Huang
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering
- Thin Film and Microfabrciation Key Laboratory of Administration of Education
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Amin Zhang
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering
- Thin Film and Microfabrciation Key Laboratory of Administration of Education
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering
- Thin Film and Microfabrciation Key Laboratory of Administration of Education
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Daxiang Cui
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering
- Thin Film and Microfabrciation Key Laboratory of Administration of Education
- School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
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20
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Pang Y, Shen Z, Sun J, Wang W. Does the use of targeted agents in advanced gastroesophageal cancer increase complete response? A meta-analysis of 18 randomized controlled trials. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:5505-5514. [PMID: 30519098 PMCID: PMC6237139 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s174063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose We aimed to investigate whether the use of targeted agents (TAs) in advanced gastroesophageal cancer (GEC) increased the complete response (CR) and to assess the surrogate endpoints for survival in the targeted treatment of GEC by using a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods Eligible studies were identified using Medline, PubMed, and meeting abstracts. Searches were last updated on April 30, 2018. We calculated the incidence and Peto odds ratio (Peto OR) of CR events in patients assigned to TAs compared with controls. Simple linear regression models were fitted for median overall survival (OS) and each surrogate [median progression-free survival (PFS), CRs, objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rate (DCR), respectively]. Results A total of 7,892 GEC patients from 18 RCTs were included for analysis. The incidence of CR in GEC patients treated with TAs was 2.0% (95% CI, 1.3%–3.0%) compared with 1.7% (95% CI, 1.0%–2.7%) in the control arms. The use of TAs in advanced GEC had a tendency to improve the possibility of archiving CR (Peto OR 1.42; 95% CI, 0.98–2.04; P=0.064) compared with controls. Subgroup analysis according to treatment TAs showed that the addition of antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) agents to chemotherapy in GEC significantly improved the CR rate in comparison with control (Peto OR 1.77; 95% CI, 1.02–3.09; P=0.044), but not for other molecular TAs (P=0.49 for angiogenesis inhibitors, P=0.66 for mesenchymal-epithelial transition inhibitors). We also found that the addition of TAs to first-line therapy (Peto OR 1.41; 95% CI, 0.94–2.11; P=0.098) had a tendency to increase the chance of obtaining a CR, but not for second-line therapy (Peto OR 1.47; 95% CI, 0.60–3.55; P=0.40). In addition, correlation analysis indicates that PFS, ORR, and DCR were strongly correlated with OS for GEC patients receiving TAs (r=0.85 for PFS; r=0.86 for ORR; r=0.81 for DCR). No marked correlation was found between OS and CRs (r=0.43; P=0.18). Conclusion Although the CR is a rate event in advanced GEC patients, adding the TAs to therapies, especially for anti-EGFR agents, increases the chance of archiving CR in comparison with the controls. PFS, ORR, and DCR are significantly correlated with OS and could be used as surrogate endpoints in patients with GEC who have received TA therapy, but not for CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyang Pang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Zhen Shen
- Division of Liver Disease, Huangshi City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Infectious Disease Hospital), Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi, Hubei 435000, China
| | - Jiancheng Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Wu Wang
- Laboratory of Tropical Biomedicine and Biotechnology, School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China,
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Coutzac C, Pernot S, Chaput N, Zaanan A. Immunotherapy in advanced gastric cancer, is it the future? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 133:25-32. [PMID: 30661655 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of advanced gastric cancer remains extremely poor despite the use of standard therapies such as chemotherapy and biological agents. Blocking immune checkpoint especially programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1 or B7-H1), has proven efficacy in several solid cancers, and seems to become a potential option in gastric cancer treatment. This review will focus on data describing the immune microenvironment of gastric tumors on which blocking PD-1/PD-L1 axis may have an anti-tumor efficacy. Then, the encouraging results of clinical trials evaluating anti-PD-1/PD-L1-based therapeutic strategy in first or later-line settings will be discuss. Finally, clinical outcomes according to PD-L1 expression, mismatch repair phenotype and other potential predictive biomarkers of anti-tumor response will be described. Altogether, immunotherapy seems promising in advanced gastric cancer in monotherapy or in combining strategies probably for a specific subgroup of patients who need to be better identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Coutzac
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - S Pernot
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - N Chaput
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Laboratory of Immunomonitoring in Oncology, CNRS-UMS 3655 and INSERM-US23, Villejuif, F-94805, France; University Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Pharmacie, Chatenay-Malabry, F-92296, France
| | - A Zaanan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
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22
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Xu C, Liu Y, Jiang D, Li Q, Ge X, Zhang Y, Huang J, Su J, Ji Y, Hou J, Lu S, Hou Y, Liu T. Poor efficacy response to trastuzumab therapy in advanced gastric cancer with homogeneous HER2 positive and non-intestinal type. Oncotarget 2018; 8:33185-33196. [PMID: 28388541 PMCID: PMC5464860 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Factors affecting trastuzumab efficacy in advanced gastric cancer (GC) are largely unknown. Heterogeneity is a notable feature of HER2 in GC. Whether the heterogeneity influences trastuzumab efficacy is still unknown. Results The HER2homogeneous group and HER2heterogeneous group showed no statistical difference in RR (46.4% vs 55.0%, P = 0.558), PFS (5.80 vs 6.30 months, P = 0.804) and OS (16.00 vs 16.00 months, P = 0.787). The Laurenintestinal group and Laurennon-intestinal group demonstrated no discrepancy in PFS (6.00 vs 6.00 months, P = 0.912) and OS (16.50 vs 14.00 months, P = 0.227). However, by combining HER2 heterogeneity and Lauren classification, PFS and OS of HER2homogeneous/Laurennon-intestinal subgroup was the shortest among the 4 subgroups (P = 0.012 and P = 0.037), which was much shorter than the other patients (PFS:3.00 vs 6.30 months, P = 0.003; OS: 4.50 vs 16.50 months, P = 0.004). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that HER2 heterogeneity combined with Lauren classification was an independent prognostic factor in both PFS (P = 0.031 and P = 0.002) and OS (P = 0.039 and P = 0.013). Materials and Methods 48 patients with HER2 positive advanced GCs accepting trastuzumab treatment were retrospectively analyzed. Based on HER2 heterogeneity, the patients were divided into a HER2homogeneous group and a HER2heterogeneous group. Response rate (RR), progression free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared. Main clinicopathological factors including Lauren classification were subjected to subgroup analysis. Conclusions HER2 heterogeneity alone may not correlate with trastuzumab efficacy in HER2 positive advanced GCs. HER2 heterogeneity combined with Lauren classification may help to identify a subgroup with poor response to trastuzumab which is homogeneous HER2 positive and non-intestinal type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yalan Liu
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongxian Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowen Ge
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieakesu Su
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Hou
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaohua Lu
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingyong Hou
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianshu Liu
- Department of Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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23
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Zhang J, Guo L, Liu X, Li W, Ying J. MET overexpression, gene amplification and relevant clinicopathological features in gastric adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:10264-10273. [PMID: 28052014 PMCID: PMC5354657 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the expression of MET in Chinese gastric adenocarcinoma cohort, the correlation between MET overexpression and clinical pathological features, HER2 expression and MET gene amplification. A total of 816 gastric adenocarcinoma patients were included and MET and HER2 immunohistochemical (IHC) staining were performed. IHC and dual-color silver in situ hybridization analysis were performed in the tissue microarrays, constructed from the 240 patients who were randomly selected. MET overexpression (IHC 3+) was observed in 6.0% (49/816) of the cohort. MET overexpression rate was higher in patients with poor prognostic factors, such as clinical stages III/IV (p =0.012) and pathologic stages T3/T4 (p =0.027). The HER2 overexpression (IHC 3+) rate was 8.8% (72/816) and MET overexpression rate was higher in HER2 positive patients (9.7%, 7/72). A high concordance rate (94.6%) between MET overexpression and gene amplification was demonstrated. Therefore, MET overexpression could serve as a prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiuyun Liu
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jianming Ying
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
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24
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Chen Z, Huang W, Tian T, Zang W, Wang J, Liu Z, Li Z, Lai Y, Jiang Z, Gao J, Shen L. Characterization and validation of potential therapeutic targets based on the molecular signature of patient-derived xenografts in gastric cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:20. [PMID: 29433585 PMCID: PMC5809945 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0563-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models with definite molecular signature are attractive preclinical models for development of novel targeted drugs. Here, we profiled and explored potential therapeutic targets based on characterized PDX models for advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Methods The genomic variation and molecular profile of 50 PDX models from AGC patients were analyzed by targeted next-generation sequencing, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry. The antitumor activities of several targeted drugs were investigated in the PDX models. Furthermore, response biomarkers were explored. Results Each PDX model had individual histopathological and molecular features, and recurrent alterations in the MAPK, ErbB, VEGF, mTOR, and cell cycle signaling pathways were major events in these PDX models. Several potential drug targets, such as EGFR, MET, and CCNE1, were selected and validated in this study. Volitinib demonstrated strong antitumor activity in PDX models with MET and phosphorylated MET (pMET) overexpression. The EGFR monoclonal antibodies BK011 and cetuximab inhibited tumor growth in a PDX model with EGFR amplification. Afatinib inhibited tumor growth in the PDX models with EGFR amplification, EGFR overexpression, or HER2 amplification. Apatinib was more sensitive in the PDX models with high microvessel density. The CDK1/2/9 inhibitor AZD5438 had superior anti-tumor activity in two models with higher copy number of CCNE1. Conclusions PDX models with defined molecular signature are useful for preclinical studies with targeted drugs, and the results should be validated in larger studies with PDX models or in clinical trials. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13045-018-0563-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Wenwen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Tiantian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Wanchun Zang
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Zhentao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Zhongwu Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yumei Lai
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Jiang
- Novogene Bioinformatics Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China.
| | - Lin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Fu-Cheng Road 52, Hai-Dian District, Beijing, 100142, China.
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25
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Abstract
Ubiquilin 1 (UBQLN1) plays an essential role in the regulation of protein degradations which is involved in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. This study aimed to investigate the expression level of UBQLN1 in gastric cancer and evaluated the relationship between its expression and clinicopathological characteristics, as well as prognostic of patients with gastric cancer. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expression levels of UBQLN1 in 179 pairs of gastric cancer and adjacent normal tissues. The UBQLN1 was significantly upregulated in gastric cancer tissue. High UBQLN1 expression was associated with high histological grade, invasion, lymph node metastasis, and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage III (P < .001). Multivariate Cox analysis showed that larger tumor size (HR = 3.125, 95%CI: 2.031-4.808, P < .001), histological grade 3 (HR = 15.313, 95%,CI: 8.075-29.041, P < .001), pT3 + pT4 (HR = 3.224, 95%CI: 1.389-7.483, P = .006), LNM (HR = 4.467, 95%CI: 2.404-8.302, P < .001), TNM stage III (HR = 2.152, 95%CI: 1.289-3.594, P = .003), and high UBQLN1 expression (HR = 2.547, 95%CI: 1.511-4.292, P < .001) were significantly associated with worse prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. In conclusion, high UBQLN1 expression was an independent worse prognostic factor for patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Bao
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province
| | - Xiaoqin Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province
| | - Xiaowei Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province
| | - Guihong Dai
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province
| | - Rongrong Dou
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province
| | - Xinyun Liu
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province
| | - Haihui Sheng
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Molecular Medicine, National Engineering Center for Biochip at Shanghai, Shanghai
| | - Zongmin Liang
- Intensive Care Unit, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Pathology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province
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26
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Zhou ZR, Huang P, Song GH, Zhang Z, An K, Lu HW, Ju XL, Ding W. Comparative proteomic analysis of rats subjected to water immersion and restraint stress as an insight into gastric ulcers. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:5425-5433. [PMID: 28849061 PMCID: PMC5647087 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, comparative proteomic analysis was performed in rats subjected to water immersion-restraint stress (WRS). A total of 26 proteins were differentially expressed and identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry. Among the 26 differentially expressed protein spots identified, 13 proteins were significantly upregulated under WRS, including pyruvate kinase and calreticulin, which may be closely associated with energy metabolism. In addition, 12 proteins were downregulated under WRS, including hemoglobin subunit β-2 and keratin type II cytoskeletal 8, which may be important in protein metabolism and cell death. Gene Ontology analysis revealed the cellular distribution, molecular function and biological processes of the identified proteins. The mRNA levels of certain differentially expressed proteins were analyzed using fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. The results of the present study aimed to offer insights into proteins, which are differentially expressed in gastric ulcers in stress, and provide theoretical evidence of a radical cure for gastric ulcers in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Rong Zhou
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Pan Huang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Hao Song
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Zhuang Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Ke An
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Han-Wen Lu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Li Ju
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, P.R. China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu 212499, P.R. China
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27
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Chen T, Wang K, Tong X. In vivo and in vitro inhibition of human gastric cancer progress by upregulating Kank1 gene. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1663-1669. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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28
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Fang W, Chen Y, Sheng J, Zhou T, Zhang Y, Zhan J, Liu L, Huang J, Peng P, Zhang L. Association between PD-L1 Expression on Tumour-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Overall Survival in Patients with Gastric Cancer. J Cancer 2017; 8:1579-1585. [PMID: 28775777 PMCID: PMC5535713 DOI: 10.7150/jca.18729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Targeting of the PD-1/PD-L1 signalling pathway is a promising treatment strategy in several cancers. The aim of this study was to assess the expression of PD-L1 on tumour cells and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in gastric cancer (GC) and its prognostic impact. Materials and Methods A total of 240 patients who were diagnosed with GC at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre (SYSUCC) from May 2008 to December 2013 were included in this study. PD-L1 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in all GC tumour specimens. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to assess the association between PD-L1 expression and overall survival (OS). Results The positive rates of PD-L1 expression on tumour cells and TILs were 74.8% and 65.8%, respectively. Patients with poor tumour differentiation had higher positive rates of PD-L1 expression on tumour cells (p=0.023). There was no significant association between PD-L1 expression on tumour cells and other clinicopathological data. In TILs, PD-L1 expression was significantly higher in patients who underwent surgery (p=0.031) and were in the late stage (p=0.021) than those without surgery and in the early stage. Patients with positive PD-L1 expression on TILs had a significantly shorter five-year OS than those with negative PD-L1 expression (14.2 vs 18.3; p=0.001); therefore, PD-L1 expression on TILs is an independent prognostic factor. However, PD-L1 expression on tumour cells is not associated with OS (p=0.945). Conclusion Our findings suggest that PD-L1 expression on TILs may be a predictive factor for immunotherapy of PD-1/PD-L1 pathway inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhu Hai, China
| | - Jin Sheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaxiong Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Zhan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhu Hai, China
| | - Jiaxing Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhu Hai, China
| | - Peijian Peng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhu Hai, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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29
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Bilgin B, Sendur MAN, Bülent Akıncı M, Şener Dede D, Yalçın B. Targeting the PD-1 pathway: a new hope for gastrointestinal cancers. Curr Med Res Opin 2017; 33:749-759. [PMID: 28055269 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2017.1279132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND VEGF, HER2 and EGFR targeted agents are currently used in gastric, esophageal and colorectal cancers. However, treatment outcomes are still poor in most gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. Immune checkpoints are one of the most promising immunotherapy approaches. In this review article, we aim to discuss the efficacy and safety of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapies in GI cancers, including gastric, esophageal and colorectal cancer in published or reported recent studies. SCOPE A literature search was made from PubMed and ASCO Annual Meeting abstracts by using the following search keywords: "nivolumab", "pembrolizumab", "avelumab", "GI cancers" "anti-PD1 therapy" and "anti-PD-L1 therapy". The last search was on 2 November 2016. The most important limitation of our review is that most of the data on anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapies in GI cancers relies on phase 1 and 2 trials. FINDINGS Currently, there are two anti-PD-1 (nivolumab and pembrolizumab) and one anti-PDL1 (atezolizumab) agents approved by FDA. After the treatment efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade was shown in melanoma, renal cell cancer and non-squamous lung cancer, trials which evaluate immune checkpoint blockade in GI cancers are ongoing. Early results of trials have been promising and encouraging for patients with advanced stage gastroesophageal cancer. According to early results of published trials, response to anti-PD1/PD-L1 agents appears to be associated with tumor PD-L1 levels. According to two recently published phase 2 trials, the clinical benefits of immune checkpoint blockade with both nivolumab and pembrolizumab were limited in patients with microsatellite instability (MSI) positive advanced colorectal cancer. However, several phase 2/3 trials are still ongoing. CONCLUSION Both pembrolizumab and nivolumab show promising efficacy with acceptable safety data in published trials in GI cancers, especially in refractory MSI positive metastatic colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Bilgin
- a Yıldırım Beyazıt University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Mehmet A N Sendur
- a Yıldırım Beyazıt University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Muhammed Bülent Akıncı
- a Yıldırım Beyazıt University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Didem Şener Dede
- a Yıldırım Beyazıt University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Bülent Yalçın
- a Yıldırım Beyazıt University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology , Ankara , Turkey
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30
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Almhanna K, Miron MLL, Wright D, Gracian AC, Hubner RA, Van Laethem JL, López CM, Alsina M, Muñoz FL, Bendell J, Firdaus I, Messersmith W, Ye Z, Fasanmade AA, Danaee H, Kalebic T. Phase II study of the antibody-drug conjugate TAK-264 (MLN0264) in patients with metastatic or recurrent adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction expressing guanylyl cyclase C. Invest New Drugs 2017; 35:235-241. [PMID: 28188407 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-017-0439-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background The first-in-class antibody-drug conjugate TAK-264 (formerly MLN0264) consists of an antibody targeting guanylyl cyclase C (GCC) conjugated to monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) via a peptide linker. This phase II study evaluated the efficacy and safety of TAK-264 in patients with adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction expressing GCC, who had progressed on ≥1 line of prior therapy. Methods This study used a two-stage design, with an interim analysis conducted after stage I to determine whether to continue to stage II or discontinue on the grounds of futility. Adult patients with gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma expressing low, intermediate, or high GCC levels received TAK-264 1.8 mg/kg as a 30-min intravenous infusion once every 21 days, for up to 1 year. The primary endpoint was objective response rate. Radiographic assessments of tumor burden were performed every 2 cycles (6 weeks). Results A total of 38 patients participated in the study. Patients received a median of 2 (range 1-14) cycles; 8 (21%) received at least 6 cycles. The most common adverse events were nausea (53%), fatigue (32%), and decreased appetite (29%). Grade ≥3 events including anemia, diarrhea, and neutropenia were seen in 14 (37%) patients. Systemic exposure to TAK-264 was maintained throughout each treatment cycle. Two patients (6%) with intermediate GCC expression had objective responses. Conclusions TAK-264 demonstrated a manageable safety profile in this patient population. The stage I interim analysis did not support continuation to stage II of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaldoun Almhanna
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maria Alsina
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and VHIO-Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Johanna Bendell
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Zhan Ye
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Adedigbo A Fasanmade
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hadi Danaee
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Thea Kalebic
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Cambridge, MA, USA
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31
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Wei X, Duan W, Li Y, Zhang S, Xin X, Sun L, Gao M, Li Q, Wang D. AT101 exerts a synergetic efficacy in gastric cancer patients with 5-FU based treatment through promoting apoptosis and autophagy. Oncotarget 2016; 7:34430-41. [PMID: 27144437 PMCID: PMC5085166 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer remains a disease with a high mortality rate despite of multiple therapeutic strategies. So far, it is very important to develop new treatment approaches to improve current therapeutic efficacy in gastric cancer. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE1) involves in DNA base excision repair (BER) during DNA damage pathway. APE1 was found to be associated with poor overall survival with gastric cancer patients. In the in vitro experiment, we tested APE1 inhibitor-AT101 could potently inhibit gastric cancer cell growth and further induce cancer cell apoptosis and autophagy through p53-dependent pathway. Downregulation of APE1 by AT101 has ability to suppress gastric cancer cell migration and renewal through inhibition of CD133, Nanog and LC3expression. Based on findings that Her-2 positive expression cases has poor prognosis from our dataset and TCGA database, we investigated the role of AT101 in synergetic efficacy with 5-FU treatment in Her-2 overexpression gastric cancer in vivo, indicating that AT101 is able to enhance 5-FU in the shrinkage of xenograft mice tumor and induction of cell apoptosis. In summary, the data obtained from our study showed APE1 is guided as a potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer. AT101 could be regarded as a potent inhibitor to promote chemotherapeutic sensitivity in patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wei
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Ultrasonography, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Duan
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Li
- The Third Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Ultrasonography, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaojie Xin
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Ultrasonography, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Thyroid and Cervical Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Li
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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