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Kamsri P, Punkvang A, Pongprom N, Srisupan A, Saparpakorn P, Hannongbua S, Wolschann P, Pungpo P. Key Structural Features of Azanaphthoquinone Annelated Pyrrole Derivative as Anticancer Agents Based on the Rational Drug Design Approaches. Mol Inform 2013; 32:541-54. [PMID: 27481671 DOI: 10.1002/minf.201200132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrole derivatives have been developed and synthesized with a continuous attempt to develop novel DNA intercalating agents as anti-cancer compounds with lower organ toxicity. With the remarkable antiproliferative activity of synthesized azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrole derivatives, a structurally novel scaffold of these compounds is appropriated for further development of novel anti-cancer agents. Therefore, in the present study, 3D QSAR study (CoMSIA) was applied on 28 azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrole derivatives to evaluate the structural requirement of these compounds. The resulting CoMSIA model is satisfied with r(2) of 0.99 and q(2) of 0.65. The interpretation of CoMSIA contours reveals the significant importance of steric, electrostatic, hydrophobic and hydrogen acceptor descriptors on the activities of azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrole derivatives. Remarkably, the structural requirement of six substituent positions on the azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrole scaffold was elucidated here. This result is the useful concept for design of new and more active azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrole derivatives. Moreover, MD simulations using AMBER program were performed to model the binding of azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrole derivatives in the intercalation site of the DNA duplex. Based on MD simulations, the information in terms of ligand-DNA interaction, complex structure and binding free energy was provided in this work. Therefore, the integrated results are informative for further modification of azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrole scaffold leading to gain novel azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrole derivatives possessing better antiproliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pharit Kamsri
- Department of Chemistry, Ubon Ratchathani University, 85 Sathollmark Rd., Warinchamrap, Ubonratchathani, 34190, Thailand phone/fax:+66 45 353400 4124/+66 45 288379
| | - Auradee Punkvang
- Division of Science, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom 48000, Thailand
| | - Nipawan Pongprom
- Department of Chemistry, Ubon Ratchathani University, 85 Sathollmark Rd., Warinchamrap, Ubonratchathani, 34190, Thailand phone/fax:+66 45 353400 4124/+66 45 288379
| | - Apinya Srisupan
- Department of Chemistry, Ubon Ratchathani University, 85 Sathollmark Rd., Warinchamrap, Ubonratchathani, 34190, Thailand phone/fax:+66 45 353400 4124/+66 45 288379
| | | | - Supa Hannongbua
- Department of Chemistry, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Peter Wolschann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna, Austria.,Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringerstrasse 17, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pornpan Pungpo
- Department of Chemistry, Ubon Ratchathani University, 85 Sathollmark Rd., Warinchamrap, Ubonratchathani, 34190, Thailand phone/fax:+66 45 353400 4124/+66 45 288379.
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Clinical evidence for the role of pixantrone in the treatment of relapsed or refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4155/cli.11.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
Over the past decade an unprecedented number of new drugs for lymphomas have been developed. Most of these new drugs target molecules or pathways that are important for the growth and proliferation of lymphomas. The introduction of the B-lymphoma specific monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody, rituximab, has improved the prognosis of patients with B-cell lymphomas more than any other drug in the past 50 years; today less than half of the patients with aggressive B-cell lymphomas die of their disease than in the pre-rituximab era. Many new drugs are now available for clinical testing in addition to new CD20 antibodies and antibodies directed against other surface molecules specifically or preferentially expressed on the lymphoma-cell surface. A prerequisite for the development of these drugs was the recognition of aberrant cell-signal transduction involved in lymphoma pathogenesis and progression. New therapeutic targets include receptor tyrosine and cyclin-dependent kinases, histone deacetylases, and molecules involved in the regulation of apoptosis. The definition of the role of these new drugs alone or in combination with established chemotherapy regimens in adequately designed prospective trials represents one of the major challenges in clinical lymphoma research.
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Adnan N, Buck DP, Evison BJ, Cutts SM, Phillips DR, Collins JG. DNA binding by pixantrone. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:5359-66. [PMID: 20865205 DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00295j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The binding of the anticancer drug pixantrone (6,9-bis[(2-aminoethyl)amino]benzo[g]isoquinoline-5,10-dione dimaleate) to the octanucleotide duplexes d(ACGATCGT)(2) and the corresponding C-5 methylated cytosine ((5Me)C) analogue d(A(5Me)CGAT(5Me)CGT)(2) has been studied by NMR spectroscopy and molecular modelling. The large upfield shifts observed for the resonances from the aromatic protons of pixantrone upon addition to either d(ACGATCGT)(2) or the corresponding (5Me)C analogue is consistent with the drug binding the octanucleotides by intercalation. The selective reduction in the sequential NOEs between the C(2)-G(3) and C(6)-G(7) nucleotides in NOESY spectra of either octanucleotide with added pixantrone confirms the intercalative binding mechanism. Strong NOEs from the side-chain ethylene protons of pixantrone to the H5 protons and the 5-CH(3) protons of the C(2) and C(6) residues of d(ACGATCGT)(2) and d(A(5Me)CGAT(5Me)CGT)(2), respectively, indicate that pixantrone predominantly intercalates from the DNA major groove at the 5'-CG and 5'-(5Me)CG sites. Simple molecular models based on the conclusions from the NMR experiments indicated that the (5Me)C groups do not represent a steric barrier to intercalation from the major groove. However, the observation of weak NOEs from the ethylene protons of pixantrone to a variety of minor groove protons from either octanucleotide suggests that the drug can also associate in the minor groove.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najia Adnan
- School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences University College, University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy, Northcott Drive, Campbell, ACT 2600, Australia
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Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new mitonafide derivatives as potential antitumor drugs. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:8440-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2008] [Revised: 08/05/2008] [Accepted: 08/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Evison BJ, Chiu F, Pezzoni G, Phillips DR, Cutts SM. Formaldehyde-activated Pixantrone is a monofunctional DNA alkylator that binds selectively to CpG and CpA doublets. Mol Pharmacol 2008; 74:184-94. [PMID: 18413664 DOI: 10.1124/mol.108.045625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The topoisomerase II poison mitoxantrone is important in the clinical management of human malignancies. Pixantrone, a novel aza-anthracenedione developed to improve the therapeutic profile of mitoxantrone, can efficiently alkylate DNA after formaldehyde activation. In vitro transcriptional analysis has now established that formaldehyde-activated pixantrone generates covalent adducts selectively at discrete CpG or CpA dinucleotides, suggesting that the activated complex binds to guanine or cytosine (or both) bases. The stability of pixantrone adduct-induced transcriptional blockages varied considerably, reflecting a mixture of distinct pixantrone adduct types that may include relatively labile monoadducts and more stable interstrand cross-links. 6,9-Bis-[[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amino]benzo[g]isoquinoline-5,10-dione (BBR 2378), the dimethyl N-substituted analog of pixantrone, could not form adducts, suggesting that pixantrone alkylates DNA through the primary amino functions located in each side chain of the drug. Pixantrone generated DNA adducts only when guanine was present in substrates and exhibited a lack of adduct formation with inosine-containing polynucleotides, confirming that the N2 amino group of guanine is the site for covalent attachment of the drug. Mass spectrometric analysis of oligonucleotide-drug complexes confirmed that formation of covalent pixantrone-DNA adducts is mediated by a single methylene linkage provided by formaldehyde and that this occurs only with guanine-containing double stranded oligonucleotide substrates. CpG methylation, an epigenetic modification of the mammalian genome, significantly enhanced the generation of pixantrone-DNA adducts within a methylated DNA substrate, indicating that the methylated dinucleotide may be a favored target in a cellular environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benny J Evison
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe University, Victoria 3086, Australia
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Antonini I, Santoni G, Lucciarini R, Amantini C, Dal Ben D, Volpini R, Cristalli G. Synthesis and Antitumor Evaluation of Bis Aza-anthracene-9,10-diones and Bis Aza-anthrapyrazole-6-ones. J Med Chem 2008; 51:997-1006. [DOI: 10.1021/jm7013937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ippolito Antonini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy, and Department of Experimental Medicine and Public Health, University of Camerino, Via Scalzino 3, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Giorgio Santoni
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy, and Department of Experimental Medicine and Public Health, University of Camerino, Via Scalzino 3, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Roberta Lucciarini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy, and Department of Experimental Medicine and Public Health, University of Camerino, Via Scalzino 3, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Consuelo Amantini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy, and Department of Experimental Medicine and Public Health, University of Camerino, Via Scalzino 3, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy, and Department of Experimental Medicine and Public Health, University of Camerino, Via Scalzino 3, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy, and Department of Experimental Medicine and Public Health, University of Camerino, Via Scalzino 3, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Gloria Cristalli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy, and Department of Experimental Medicine and Public Health, University of Camerino, Via Scalzino 3, 62032 Camerino, Italy
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Shanab K, Pongprom N, Wulz E, Holzer W, Spreitzer H, Schmidt P, Aicher B, Müller G, Günther E. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel cytotoxic azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrolo oximes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:6091-5. [PMID: 17904839 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2007] [Revised: 09/12/2007] [Accepted: 09/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two series of azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrolo oximes have been synthesized. The antiproliferative activities of 10 compounds were evaluated on at least four different cell lines. One series of pyrrolo derivatives showed high cytotoxic activity. The effects on cell cycle and caspase activity were investigated. Compounds 9a and 9b showed an accumulation of cells in G2/M phase. Substantial and dose-dependent caspase activity was found after treatment of cells with 9a and 9b. This indicates an apoptosis inducing property of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karem Shanab
- Department of Drug and Natural Product Synthesis, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna, Austria
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Current Awareness in Hematological Oncology. Hematol Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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