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Fatma H, Jameel M, Siddiqui AJ, Kuddus M, Buali NS, Bahrini I, Siddique HR. Chemotherapeutic potential of lupeol against cancer in pre-clinical model: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155777. [PMID: 38943695 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive research on Lupeol's potential in cancer prevention highlights its ability to target various cancer-related factors. It regulates proliferative markers, modulates signaling pathways, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and influences inflammatory and apoptotic mechanisms. Additionally, Lupeol demonstrates selectivity in killing cancer cells while sparing normal cells, thus minimizing the risk of toxic effects on healthy tissues. HYPOTHESIS Therefore, we aimed to explore Lupeol's potential roles as a chemotherapeutic agent and as a sensitizer to chemotherapy by reviewing various animal-based studies published on its effects. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a comprehensive search across databases, including PubMed, PMC, Cochrane, EuroPMC, and ctri.gov.in to identify pertinent articles. Our focus was solely on published animal studies examining Lupeol's anti-cancer effects, with reviewers independently assessing bias risk and resolving discrepancies through consensus. RESULT 20 studies were shortlisted. The results demonstrated that Lupeol brings changes in the tumor volume by [Hedges's g: -6.62; 95 % CI: -8.68, -4.56; τ2: 24.36, I2: 96.50 %; p < 0.05] and tumor weight by [Hedges's g: -3.97; 95 % CI: -5.20, -2.49; τ2: 2.70, I2: 79.27 %; p <0.05]. The high I2, negative Egger's value, and asymmetrical funnel plot show the publication bias among the studies. Further, Lupeol in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents showed better outcomes as compared to them alone [Hedges's g: -6.38; 95 % CI: -11.82, -0.94; τ2: 46.91; I2: 98.68 %; p <0.05]. Lupeol also targets various signaling molecules and pathways to exert an anti-cancer effect. CONCLUSION In conclusion, Lupeol significantly reduces tumor volume and weight. Combining Lupeol with other chemotherapy agents shows promise for enhancing anti-cancer effects. However, high variability among studies and evidence of publication bias suggest caution in interpreting results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homa Fatma
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Laboratory, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohd Jameel
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Laboratory, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arif Jamal Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Hail, PO Box 2440, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed Kuddus
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ha'il, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouha Saleh Buali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Hail, PO Box 2440, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Insaf Bahrini
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Hail, PO Box 2440, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hifzur R Siddique
- Molecular Cancer Genetics & Translational Research Laboratory, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Chgari O, Marnissi F, Moukhfi F, Ndayambaje M, Wahnou H, Limami Y, Karkouri M, Oudghiri M. Sulfuric acid-induced skin neoplasms in immunocompetent mice. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15156. [PMID: 39133032 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the carcinogenic potential of chronic dermal exposure (16 weeks) to sulfuric acid (SA) in immunocompetent mice. Clinical assessments, histopathological analyses, immunohistochemical analyses and biochemical assays were conducted to evaluate skin irritation, oxidative stress biomarkers and the potential carcinogenic effect of SA. Results indicated that prolonged exposure to SA leads to various alterations in skin structure, notably inflammation, preneoplastic and neoplastic proliferation in hair follicles, as well as hyperkeratosis and acanthosis, resulting in an increased epidermal thickness of 98.50 ± 21.6 μm. Immunohistochemistry analysis further corroborates these observations, showcasing elevated nuclear expression of p53 and Ki-67, with a significant mitotic index of (57.5% ± 2.5%). Moreover, biochemical analyses demonstrate that SA induces lipid peroxidation in the skin, evidenced by a high level of Malondialdehyde and a consequential reduction in catalase activity. These findings suggest that prolonged exposure to SA can induce skin neoplasms, highlighting the need for stringent safety measures in environments where SA is frequently used. This study underscores the potential occupational health risks associated with SA exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oumaima Chgari
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Farida Marnissi
- Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy, Ibn Rochd University Hospital-Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Fatimazahra Moukhfi
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Martin Ndayambaje
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Hicham Wahnou
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Youness Limami
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
- Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Hassan First University of Settat, Settat, Morocco
| | - Mehdi Karkouri
- Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy, Ibn Rochd University Hospital-Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Mounia Oudghiri
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
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Kapisiz A, Kaya C, Eryilmaz S, Karabulut R, Turkyilmaz Z, Inan MA, Gulbahar O, Sonmez K. Protective effects of lupeol in rats with renal ischemia‑reperfusion injury. Exp Ther Med 2024; 28:313. [PMID: 38911048 PMCID: PMC11190881 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by ischemia and, exogenous or endogenous nephrotoxic agents poses a serious health issue. AKI is seen in 1% of all hospital admissions, 2-5% of hospitalizations and 67% of intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The in-hospital mortality rates for AKI is 40-50, and >50% for ICU patients. Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in the kidney can activate inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, resulting in AKI. The common endpoint in acute tubular necrosis is a cellular insult secondary to ischemia or direct toxins, which results in effacement of brush border, cell death and decreased function of tubular cells. The aim of the present study was to assess if the reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent lupeol can exert any effects against renal I/R damage. In total, 24 Wistar Albino rats were randomly assigned into four groups of 6, namely Sham, lupeol, ischemia and therapy groups. In the lupeol group, intraperitoneal administration of 100 mg/kg lupeol was given 1 h before laparotomy, whilst only laparotomy was conducted in the sham group. The renal arteries of both kidneys were clamped for 45 min, 1 h after either intraperitoneal saline injection (in the ischemia group) or 100 mg/kg lupeol application (in the therapy group). The blood samples and renal tissues of all rats were collected after 24 h. In blood samples, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was measured by the urease enzymatic method, and creatinine was measured by the kinetic Jaffe method. Using ELISA method, TNF-α and IL-6 levels were measured in the blood samples, whereas malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), caspase-3 levels were measured in kidney tissues. In addition, kidney histopathological analysis was performed by evaluating the degree of degeneration, tubular dilatation, interstitial lymphocyte infiltration, protein cylinders, necrosis and loss of brush borders. It was determined that renal damage occurred due to higher BUN, creatinine, MDA, TNF-α and caspase-3 values observed in the kidney tissues and blood samples of rats in ischemia group compared with the Sham group. Compared with those in the ischemia group, rats in the therapy group exhibited increased levels of GSH and reduced levels of BUN, TNF-α, MDA. Furthermore, the ischemia group also had reduced histopathological damage scores. Although differences in creatinine, IL-6 and caspase-3 levels were not statistically significant, they were markedly reduced in the treatment group. Taken together, these findings suggest that lupeol can prevent kidney damage as mainly evidenced by the reduced histopathological damage scores, decreased levels of oxidative stress and reduced levels of inflammatory markers. These properties may allow lupeol to be used in the treatment of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alparslan Kapisiz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Yenimahalle, 06500 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cem Kaya
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Yenimahalle, 06500 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel Eryilmaz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Yenimahalle, 06500 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ramazan Karabulut
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Yenimahalle, 06500 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zafer Turkyilmaz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Yenimahalle, 06500 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Arda Inan
- Department of Pathology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Yenimahalle, 06500 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Gulbahar
- Department of Biochemistry, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Yenimahalle, 06500 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kaan Sonmez
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Yenimahalle, 06500 Ankara, Turkey
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Grudzińska M, Stachnik B, Galanty A, Sołtys A, Podolak I. Progress in Antimelanoma Research of Natural Triterpenoids and Their Derivatives: Mechanisms of Action, Bioavailability Enhancement and Structure Modifications. Molecules 2023; 28:7763. [PMID: 38067491 PMCID: PMC10707933 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most dangerous forms of skin cancer, characterized by early metastasis and rapid development. In search for effective treatment options, much attention is given to triterpenoids of plant origin, which are considered promising drug candidates due to their well described anticancer properties and relatively low toxicity. This paper comprehensively summarizes the antimelanoma potential of natural triterpenoids, that are also used as scaffolds for the development of more effective derivatives. These include betulin, betulinic acid, ursolic acid, maslinic acid, oleanolic acid, celastrol and lupeol. Some lesser-known triterpenoids that deserve attention in this context are 22β-hydroxytingenone, cucurbitacins, geoditin A and ganoderic acids. Recently described mechanisms of action are presented, together with the results of preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as the use of drug delivery systems and pharmaceutical technologies to improve the bioavailability of triterpenoids. This paper also reviews the most promising structural modifications, based on structure-activity observations. In conclusion, triterpenoids of plant origin and some of their semi-synthetic derivatives exert significant cytotoxic, antiproliferative and chemopreventive effects that can be beneficial for melanoma treatment. Recent data indicate that their poor solubility in water, and thus low bioavailability, can be overcome by complexing with cyclodextrins, or the use of nanoparticles and ethosomes, thus making these compounds promising antimelanoma drug candidates for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Grudzińska
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (M.G.); (B.S.); (A.S.); (I.P.)
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
- Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Łazarza 16, 31-530 Kraków, Poland
| | - Bogna Stachnik
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (M.G.); (B.S.); (A.S.); (I.P.)
| | - Agnieszka Galanty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (M.G.); (B.S.); (A.S.); (I.P.)
| | - Agnieszka Sołtys
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (M.G.); (B.S.); (A.S.); (I.P.)
| | - Irma Podolak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (M.G.); (B.S.); (A.S.); (I.P.)
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Sohag AAM, Hossain MT, Rahaman MA, Rahman P, Hasan MS, Das RC, Khan MK, Sikder MH, Alam M, Uddin MJ, Rahman MH, Tahjib-Ul-Arif M, Islam T, Moon IS, Hannan MA. Molecular pharmacology and therapeutic advances of the pentacyclic triterpene lupeol. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 99:154012. [PMID: 35286936 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant triterpenoids are major sources of nutraceuticals that provide many health benefits to humans. Lupeol is one of the pentacyclic dietary triterpenoids commonly found in many fruits and vegetables, which is highly investigated for its pharmacological effect and benefit to human health. PURPOSE This systematic review critically discussed the potential pharmacological benefits of lupeol and its derivatives as evidenced by various cellular and animal model studies. To gain insight into the pharmacological effects of lupeol, the network pharmacological approach is applied. Pharmacokinetics and recent developments in nanotechnology-based approaches to targeted delivery of lupeol along with its safety use are also discussed. METHODS This study is dependent on the systematic and non-exhaustive literature survey for related research articles, papers, and books on the chemistry, pharmacological benefits, pharmacokinetics, and safety of lupeol published between 2011 and 2021. For online materials, the popular academic search engines viz. Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, ResearchGate, Springer, as well as official websites were explored with selected keywords. RESULTS Lupeol has shown promising benefits in the management of cancer and many other human diseases such as diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, kidney and liver problems, skin diseases, and neurological disorders. The pharmacological effects of lupeol primarily rely on its capacity to revitalize the cellular antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. Network pharmacological approach revealed some prospective molecular targets and pathways and presented some significant information that could help explain the pharmacological effects of lupeol and its derivatives. Despite significant progress in molecular pharmacology, the clinical application of lupeol is limited due to poor bioavailability and insufficient knowledge on its mode of action. Structural modification and nanotechnology-guided targeted delivery of lupeol improve the bioavailability and bioactivity of lupeol. CONCLUSION The pentacyclic triterpene lupeol possesses numerous human health-benefiting properties. This review updates current knowledge and critically discusses the pharmacological effects and potential applications of lupeol and its derivatives in human health and diseases. Future studies are needed to evaluate the efficacies of lupeol and its derivatives in the management and pathobiology of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al Mamun Sohag
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Tahmeed Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Arifur Rahaman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Papia Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | | | - Rakhal Chandra Das
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Md Kibria Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Stamford University Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mahmudul Hasan Sikder
- Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - Mahboob Alam
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 780-714, Korea
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka-1230, Bangladesh; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Md Hasanur Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Life Sciences, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Md Tahjib-Ul-Arif
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - Tofazzal Islam
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Il Soo Moon
- Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
| | - Md Abdul Hannan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.
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Pazzi P, Steenkamp G, Rixon AJ. Treatment of Canine Oral Melanomas: A Critical Review of the Literature. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9050196. [PMID: 35622724 PMCID: PMC9147014 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9050196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Critical appraisal of the available literature for the treatment of canine oral malignant melanoma (OMM) is lacking. This critical review aimed to evaluate the current literature and provide treatment recommendations and possible suggestions for future canine OMM research. PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched in June 2021, for terms relevant to treatment of OMM. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied and information on clinical response and outcome extracted. Eighty-one studies were included. The overall level of evidence supporting the various canine OMM treatment options was low. The majority of studies included confounding treatment modalities and lacked randomization, control groups and consistency in reporting clinical response and outcomes. Within these limitations, surgery remains the mainstay of therapy. Adjunctive radiotherapy provided good local control and improved median survival times (MST), chemotherapy did not offer survival benefit beyond that of surgery, while electrochemotherapy may offer a potential alternative to radiotherapy. Immunotherapy holds the most promise in extending MST in the surgical adjunctive setting, in particular the combination of gene therapy and autologous vaccination. Prospective, randomized, double-blinded clinical trials, with a lack of confounding factors and reporting based on established guidelines would allow comparison and recommendations for the treatment of canine OMM.
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Heenatigala Palliyage G, Singh S, Ashby CR, Tiwari AK, Chauhan H. Pharmaceutical Topical Delivery of Poorly Soluble Polyphenols: Potential Role in Prevention and Treatment of Melanoma. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:250. [PMID: 31297635 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1457-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is regarded as the fifth and sixth most common cancer in men and women, respectively, and it is estimated that one person dies from melanoma every hour in the USA. Unfortunately, the treatment of melanoma is difficult because of its aggressive metastasis and resistance to treatment. The treatment of melanoma continues to be a challenging issue due to the limitations of available treatments such as a low response rate, severe adverse reactions, and significant toxicity. Natural polyphenols have attracted considerable attention from the scientific community due to their chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic efficacy. It has been suggested that poorly soluble polyphenols such as curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, coumarin, and epigallocatechin-3-gallate may have significant benefits in the treatment of melanoma due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and chemoprotective efficacies. The major obstacles for the use of polyphenolic compounds are low stability and poor bioavailability. Numerous nanoformulations, including solid lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, micelles, and liposomes, have been formulated to enhance the bioavailability and stability, as well as the therapeutic efficacy of polyphenols. This review will provide an overview of poorly soluble polyphenols that have been reported to have antimetastatic efficacy in melanomas.
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Kuroda K, Yamashita M, Murahata Y, Azuma K, Osaki T, Tsuka T, Ito N, Imagawa T, Okamoto Y. Use of ozonated water as a new therapeutic approach to solve current concerns around antitumor treatment. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:1597-1602. [PMID: 30186377 PMCID: PMC6122405 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor hypoxia is a severe problem affecting tumor therapy because it reduces the sensitivity of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Ozone has been known to improve peripheral blood perfusion and oxygen partial pressure. The effect of ozonated water on tumor hypoxia, alone and in combination with an antitumor drug was studied in the present study. Following intraperitoneal administration of ozonated water to colon-26-bearing mice, the Hoechst 33342-positive area and the intratumoral oxygen partial pressure was significantly increased. The tumor growth rate was more suppressed when ozonated water was combined with cisplatin (CDDP) compared with CDDP treatment alone. The number of Ki-67-positive cells significantly decreased, whereas the number of TUNEL-positive cells significantly increased. The present study showed that ozonated water increased intratumoral blood perfusion and improved tumor hypoxia. In addition, ozonated water increased the therapeutic effect of CDDP. These findings, as well as previous reports, suggest that tumor growth is suppressed after treatment with ozonated water as the amount of CDDP reaching the tumor is increased when the intratumoral blood perfusion is increased due to the ozonated water. Thus, the administration of ozonated water may be a new therapeutic approach to solve current concerns regarding antitumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Kuroda
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Masamiti Yamashita
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yusuke Murahata
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Kazuo Azuma
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Osaki
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tsuka
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ito
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Imagawa
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Okamoto
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
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Chen MC, Hsu HH, Chu YY, Cheng SF, Shen CY, Lin YJ, Chen RJ, Viswanadha VP, Lin YM, Huang CY. Lupeol alters ER stress-signaling pathway by downregulating ABCG2 expression to induce Oxaliplatin-resistant LoVo colorectal cancer cell apoptosis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:587-593. [PMID: 29436100 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers and causes of cancer-related death. There are several first-line chemotherapeutic drugs used to treat CRC. Oxaliplatin (OXA) is an alkylating cytotoxic agent that is usually combined with other chemotherapeutic drugs to treat stage II and stage III CRC. However, cancer cells commonly acquire multidrug resistance (MDR), which is a major obstruction to cancer treatment. Recent studies have shown that natural components from traditional Chinese medicine or foods that have many biological functions may be new adjuvant therapies in clinical trials. We challenged LoVo CRC cell lines with OXA in a dose-dependent manner to create an OXA-resistant model. The expression of ABCG2 was significantly higher, and levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers were lower than those Parental cells. However, Lupeol, which is found in fruits and vegetables, has been shown to have bioactive properties, including anti-tumor properties that are relevant to many diseases. In our study, Lupeol downregulated cell viability and activated cell apoptosis. Moreover, Lupeol decreased the expression of ABCG2 and activated ER stress to induce OXA-resistant cell death. Importantly, the anti-tumor effect of Lupeol in OXA-resistant cells was higher than that of LoVo Parental cells. In addition, we also confirmed our results with a xenograft animal model, and the tumor size significantly decreased after Lupeol injections. Our findings show that Lupeol served as a strong chemoresistant sensitizer and could be a new adjuvant therapy method for chemoresistant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Cheng Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Hsien Hsu
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Yuan Chu
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sue-Fei Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yao Shen
- Department of Nursing, Mei Ho University, Pingguang Road, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jiun Lin
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ray-Jade Chen
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Tan Phong Ward, District 7, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Tsai FS, Lin LW, Wu CR. Lupeol and Its Role in Chronic Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 929:145-175. [PMID: 27771924 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41342-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lupeol belongs to pentacyclic lupane-type triterpenes and exhibits in edible vegetables, fruits and many plants. Many researches indicated that lupeol possesses many beneficial pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-dyslipidemic and anti-mutagenic effects. From various disease-targeted animal models, these reports indicated that lupeol has anti-diabetic, anti-asthma, anti-arthritic, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, neuroprotective and anticancer efficiency under various routes of administration such as topical, oral, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal and intravenous. It is worth mentioning that clinical trials of lupeol were performed to treat canine oral malignant melanoma and human moderate skin acne in Japan and Korea. The detailed mechanism of anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective and anticancer activities was further reviewed from published papers. These evidence indicate that lupeol is a multi-target agent to exert diverse pharmacological potency with many potential targeting proteins such as α-glucosidase, α-amylase, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP 1B) and TCA cycle enzymes and targeting pathway such as IL-1 receptor-associated kinase-mediated toll-like receptor 4 (IRAK-TLR4), Bcl-2 family, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3-K)/Akt and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. This review also provides suggestion that lupeol might be a valuable and potential lead compound to develop as anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective and anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Shiu Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicines for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Lin
- School of Chinese Medicines for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Rei Wu
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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11
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Koizumi R, Azuma K, Izawa H, Morimoto M, Ochi K, Tsuka T, Imagawa T, Osaki T, Ito N, Okamoto Y, Saimoto H, Ifuku S. Oral Administration of Surface-Deacetylated Chitin Nanofibers and Chitosan Inhibit 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Intestinal Mucositis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020279. [PMID: 28134832 PMCID: PMC5343815 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the prophylactic effects of orally administered surface-deacetylated chitin nanofibers (SDACNFs) and chitosan against 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced intestinal mucositis, which is a common side effect of 5-FU chemotherapy. SDACNFs and chitosan abolished histological abnormalities associated with intestinal mucositis and suppressed hypoproliferation and apoptosis of intestinal crypt cells. These results indicate that SDACNF and chitosan are useful agents for preventing mucositis induced by anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Koizumi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Azuma
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Hironori Izawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.
| | - Minoru Morimoto
- Division of Instrumental Analysis, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8550, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Ochi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Tsuka
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Imagawa
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Osaki
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Norihiko Ito
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Yoshiharu Okamoto
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Saimoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.
| | - Shinsuke Ifuku
- Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8552, Japan.
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12
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Prabhu B, Sivakumar A, Sundaresan S. Diindolylmethane and Lupeol Modulates Apoptosis and Cell Proliferation in N-Butyl-N-(4-Hydroxybutyl) Nitrosamine Initiated and Dimethylarsinic Acid Promoted rat Bladder Carcinogenesis. Pathol Oncol Res 2016; 22:747-54. [PMID: 27091758 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-016-0054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer has been shown to resist programmed cell death with altered expression of both pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins. To study is to investigate the apoptotic properties of Diindolylmethane (DIM) and Lupeol on N-Butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) Nitrosamine (BBN) initiated and Dimethylarsinic Acid (DMA) promoted urinary bladder cancer. Sixty male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups. Group I: Control. Group II: Rats were experimentally developed bladder carcinogenesis with BBN and DMA. Group III and IV: DIM and lupeol were administered after BBN treatment for 28 weeks. Group V and VI: DIM and lupeol alone treatment for 36 weeks. All the experimental rats were maintained and euthanized after 36 weeks protocol. Urinary bladder tissues were collected and processed for further investigations. Apoptotis and cell proliferative marker such as Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, caspase-9 and PCNA were quantified using immunohistochemical analysis. The Immunohistochemical expression of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, caspase-9 and PCNA were aberrant in BBN + DMA treated tumor group. Administration of DIM and lupeol inhibited the progression of bladder cancer, induced the expression of apoptotic Bax, caspase-3, caspase-9 and inhibited the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, PCNA in the urinary bladder of rats. Administration of diindolylmethane and lupeol treatment induces apoptosis and cellular proliferation by its anti-carcinogenic properties. From our results DIM and lupeol would be the agent or adjunct for the treatment of bladder carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhoopathy Prabhu
- Department of Medical Research, SRM Medical College Hospital Research Centre, SRM University, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram District, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Annamalai Sivakumar
- Department of Medical Research, SRM Medical College Hospital Research Centre, SRM University, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram District, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sivapatham Sundaresan
- Department of Medical Research, SRM Medical College Hospital Research Centre, SRM University, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram District, Tamilnadu, India.
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13
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Kuroda K, Azuma K, Mori T, Kawamoto K, Murahata Y, Tsuka T, Osaki T, Ito N, Imagawa T, Itoh F, Okamoto Y. The Safety and Anti-Tumor Effects of Ozonated Water in Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:25108-20. [PMID: 26506343 PMCID: PMC4632793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161025108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ozonated water is easier to handle than ozone gas. However, there have been no previous reports on the biological effects of ozonated water. We conducted a study on the safety of ozonated water and its anti-tumor effects using a tumor-bearing mouse model and normal controls. Local administration of ozonated water (208 mM) was not associated with any detrimental effects in normal tissues. On the other hand, local administration of ozonated water (20.8, 41.6, 104, or 208 mM) directly into the tumor tissue induced necrosis and inhibited proliferation of tumor cells. There was no significant difference in the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells following administration of ozonated water. The size of the necrotic areas was dependent on the concentration of ozonated water. These results indicate that ozonated water does not affect normal tissue and damages only the tumor tissue by selectively inducing necrosis. There is a possibility that it exerts through the production of reaction oxygen species (ROS). In addition, the induction of necrosis rather than apoptosis is very useful in tumor immunity. Based on these results, we believe that administration of ozonated water is a safe and potentially simple adjunct or alternative to existing antineoplastic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Kuroda
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Joint School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Azuma
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Joint School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Takuro Mori
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Joint School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Kinya Kawamoto
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Joint School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Murahata
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Joint School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Tsuka
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Joint School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Osaki
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Joint School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Norihiko Ito
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Joint School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Imagawa
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Joint School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
| | - Fumio Itoh
- Department of Technical Development, Sakuragawa Pump Co., Ltd., Osaka 567-0005, Japan.
| | - Yoshiharu Okamoto
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Joint School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan.
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14
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Strickland LR, Pal HC, Elmets CA, Afaq F. Targeting drivers of melanoma with synthetic small molecules and phytochemicals. Cancer Lett 2015; 359:20-35. [PMID: 25597784 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is the least common form of skin cancer, but it is responsible for the majority of skin cancer deaths. Traditional therapeutics and immunomodulatory agents have not shown much efficacy against metastatic melanoma. Agents that target the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK (MAPK) signaling pathway - the BRAF inhibitors vemurafenib and dabrafenib, and the MEK1/2 inhibitor trametinib - have increased survival in patients with metastatic melanoma. Further, the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib has been shown to be superior to single agent therapy for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. However, resistance to these agents develops rapidly. Studies of additional agents and combinations targeting the MAPK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR (PI3K), c-kit, and other signaling pathways are currently underway. Furthermore, studies of phytochemicals have yielded promising results against proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis by targeting signaling pathways with established roles in melanomagenesis. The relatively low toxicities of phytochemicals make their adjuvant use an attractive treatment option. The need for improved efficacy of current melanoma treatments calls for further investigation of each of these strategies. In this review, we will discuss synthetic small molecule inhibitors, combined therapies and current progress in the development of phytochemical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Ray Strickland
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Harish Chandra Pal
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Craig A Elmets
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Farrukh Afaq
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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15
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Yokoe I, Azuma K, Hata K, Mukaiyama T, Goto T, Tsuka T, Imagawa T, Itoh N, Murahata Y, Osaki T, Minami S, Okamoto Y. Clinical systemic lupeol administration for canine oral malignant melanoma. Mol Clin Oncol 2014; 3:89-92. [PMID: 25469276 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2014.450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine oral malignant melanoma (COMM) is the most aggressive malignant tumor in dogs. Lupeol is a triterpene extracted from various fruits and vegetables that reportedly inhibits melanoma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. In this study, the efficacy of subcutaneous lupeol for spontaneous COMM was evaluated. A total of 11 dogs (3, 5 and 3 dogs diagnosed with clinical stage I, II and III melanoma, respectively) were evaluated. Subcutaneous lupeol (10 mg/kg) was administered postoperatively at various time points to treat these 11 COMM cases. Of the 11 subjects, 7 exhibited no local recurrence 180 days postoperatively and no severe adverse effects were observed in any of the cases. Furthermore, no distant metastasis was observed during the experimental period. Therefore, systemic lupeol may prevent local tumor progression and distant metastasis and may be a novel adjuvant treatment for the treatment of COMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inoru Yokoe
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Kazuo Azuma
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Keishi Hata
- Institute for Food and Brewing, Akita Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries Research Center, Akita 010-1623, Japan
| | | | - Takahiro Goto
- Sakamoto Bio Co., Ltd., Yuuwa-Memeki, Akita 010-1233, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tsuka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Imagawa
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Norihiko Itoh
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yusuke Murahata
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Osaki
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Saburo Minami
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Okamoto
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
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16
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Ogihara K, Naya Y, Okamoto Y, Hata K. Differentiation-inducing and anti-proliferative activities of lupeol on canine melanoma cells. SPRINGERPLUS 2014; 3:632. [PMID: 25392802 PMCID: PMC4221559 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Canine melanoma is the most common oral malignant tumor reported in the field of veterinary medicine. We found that lupeol, a lupine triterpene, inhibited mouse melanoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo by inducing cell differentiation. In the present study, we examined the differentiation-inducing activities of lupeol on 4 canine melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo. The induction of canine melanoma cell differentiation by lupeol was confirmed by evaluating some differentiation markers such as tyrosinase with real-time RT-PCR. Furthermore, we transplanted canine melanoma cells into a severe combined immunodeficiency mouse, and studied the anti-progressive effects of lupeol on tumor tissue. The gene expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, tyrosinase, and tyrosinase-related protein-2, which are markers of pigment cell differentiation, was induced in 4 canine oral malignant melanoma cells by lupeol, and the agent markedly inhibited tumor progression in canine melanoma-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kikumi Ogihara
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5201 Japan
| | - Yuko Naya
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5201 Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Okamoto
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101, Koyama-Minami, Tottori, 680-8553 Japan
| | - Keishi Hata
- Akita Research Institute of Food and Brewing, 4-26 Sanuki, Araya-machi, Akita, 010-1623 Japan
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17
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Itoh H, Mukaiyama T, Goto T, Hata K, Azuma K, Tsuka T, Osaki T, Imagawa T, Okamoto Y. Non-surgical treatment of canine oral malignant melanoma: A case study of the application of complementary alternative medicine. Oncol Lett 2014; 7:1829-1830. [PMID: 24932241 PMCID: PMC4049709 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This report describes a dog with a clinical stage III oral malignant melanoma that was treated with complementary alternative medicine (CAM). The CAM included high temperature hyperthermia, dendritic cell therapy and lupeol injections. Surgery, radiation and chemotherapy were not performed. Two months after the start of treatment, the tumor disappeared and after six months, the follow-up examinations revealed no recurrence or metastasis of the tumor. Quality of life (QOL) of the dog was maintained; therefore, the application of CAM may be an effective treatment for canine oral malignant melanoma. The effective application of CAM has the potential to prolong life and maintain an excellent QOL for pets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyasu Itoh
- Kamo Animal Clinic, Saijyocho, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0044, Japan
| | | | - Takahiro Goto
- Sakamoto Bio Co. Ltd., Yuuwa-Memeki, Akita 010-1233, Japan
| | - Keishi Hata
- Institute of Food and Brewing, Akita Prefectural Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries Research Center, Arayamachi, Akita 010-1623, Japan
| | - Kazuo Azuma
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuka
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Osaki
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Imagawa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Okamoto
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
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