lncRNA ST8SIA6-AS1 facilitates proliferation and invasion in liver cancer by regulating miR-142-3p

ST8SIA6-AS1, a novel lncRNA star in liver cancer

Liver cancer is one of the most lethal gastrointestinal malignancies. Emerging evidence has underscored the pivotal role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis, with ST8SIA6-AS1 identified as a novel oncogenic lncRNA contributing to liver cancer progression. ST8SIA6-AS1 is consistently upregulated in hepatic cancer tissues and is strongly associated with unfavorable prognosis. Moreover, it demonstrates high diagnostic efficacy in detecting HCC. ST8SIA6-AS1 is involved in various cellular processes including proliferation, migration, and invasion, primarily through its function as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), thereby facilitating hepatocarcinogenesis and disease advancement. This review provides a detailed examination of the molecular functions and regulatory mechanisms of ST8SIA6-AS1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and highlights its potential as a promising biomarker for liver cancer, aiming to propel the development of innovative therapeutic strategies for HCC management.

Advances in exosome modulation of ferroptosis for the treatment of orthopedic diseases

Current treatments for orthopaedic illnesses frequently result in poor prognosis, treatment failure, numerous relapses, and other unpleasant outcomes that have a significant impact on patients' quality of life. Cell-free therapy has emerged as one of the most promising options in recent decades for improving the status quo. As a result, using exosomes produced from various cells to modulate ferroptosis has been proposed as a therapeutic method for the condition. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that secrete various bioactive chemicals that influence disease treatment and play a role in the genesis and progression of orthopaedic illnesses. Ferroptosis is a recently defined kind of controlled cell death typified by large iron ion buildup and lipid peroxidation. An increasing number of studies indicate that ferroptosis plays a significant role in orthopaedic illnesses. Exosomes, as intercellular information transfer channels, have been found to play a significant role in the regulation of ferroptosis processes. Furthermore, accumulating research suggests that exosomes can influence the course of many diseases by regulating ferroptosis in injured cells. In order to better understand the processes by which exosomes govern ferroptosis in the therapy of orthopaedic illnesses. This review discusses the biogenesis, secretion, and uptake of exosomes, as well as the mechanisms of ferroptosis and exosomes in the therapy of orthopaedic illnesses. It focuses on recent research advances and exosome mechanisms in regulating iron death for the therapy of orthopaedic illnesses. The present state of review conducted both domestically and internationally is elucidated and anticipated as a viable avenue for future therapy in the field of orthopaedics.

The Mutual Relationship between Glycosylation and Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer and Other Physio-Pathological Conditions

Glycosylation, which consists of the enzymatic addition of sugars to proteins and lipids, is one of the most important post-co-synthetic modifications of these molecules, profoundly affecting their activity. Although the presence of carbohydrate chains is crucial for fine-tuning the interactions between cells and molecules, glycosylation is an intrinsically stochastic process regulated by the relative abundance of biosynthetic (glycosyltransferases) and catabolic (glycosidases) enzymes, as well as sugar carriers and other molecules. Non-coding RNAs, which include microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circRNAs, establish a complex network of reciprocally interacting molecules whose final goal is the regulation of mRNA expression. Likewise, these interactions are stochastically regulated by ncRNA abundance. Thus, while protein sequence is deterministically dictated by the DNA/RNA/protein axis, protein abundance and activity are regulated by two stochastic processes acting, respectively, before and after the biosynthesis of the protein axis. Consequently, the worlds of glycosylation and ncRNA are closely interconnected and mutually interacting. In this paper, we will extensively review the many faces of the ncRNA-glycosylation interplay in cancer and other physio-pathological conditions.

LncRNA colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed promotes glycolysis of liver cancer cells by regulating hypoxia-inducible factor 1α

LncRNAs are associated with tumorigenesis of liver cancer. LncRNA Colorectal Neoplasia Differentially Expressed (CRNDE) was identified as an oncogenic lncRNA and involved in tumor growth and metastasis. The role of CRNDE in liver cancer was investigated. CRNDE was elevated in liver cancer cells. Knockdown of CRNDE decreased cell viability and inhibited proliferation of liver cancer. Moreover, knockdown of CRNDE reduced levels of extracellular acidification rate, glucose consumption, and lactate production to repress glycolysis of liver cancer. Silence of CRNDE enhanced the expression of miR-142 and reduced enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). Over-expression of HIF-1α attenuated CRNDE silence-induced decrease of glucose consumption and lactate production. Injection with sh-CRNDE virus reduced in vivo tumor growth of liver cancer through up-regulation of miR-142 and down-regulation of EZH2 and HIF-1α. In conclusion, knockdown of CRNDE suppressed cell proliferation, glycolysis, and tumor growth of liver cancer through EZH2/miR-142/HIF-1α.

Microbiota and Transcriptomic Effects of an Essential Oil Blend and Its Delivery Route Compared to an Antibiotic Growth Promoter in Broiler Chickens

This study evaluated the effect of the delivery of a commercial essential oil blend containing the phytonutrients star anise, cinnamon, rosemary, and thyme oil (via different routes) on broiler chickens’ ileal and ceca microbiota and liver transcriptome compared to an antibiotic growth promoter. Eggs were incubated and allocated into three groups: non-injected, in ovo saline, and in ovo essential oil. On day 18 of incubation, 0.2 mL of essential oil in saline (dilution ratio of 2:1) or saline alone was injected into the amnion. At hatch, chicks were assigned to post-hatch treatment combinations: (A) a negative control (corn-wheat-soybean diet), (B) in-feed antibiotics, (C) in-water essential oil (250 mL/1000 L of drinking water), (D) in ovo saline, (E) in ovo essential oil, and (F) in ovo essential oil plus in-water essential oil in eight replicate cages (six birds/cage) and raised for 28 days. On days 21 and 28, one and two birds per cage were slaughtered, respectively, to collect gut content and liver tissues for further analysis. Alpha and beta diversity differed significantly between ileal and ceca samples but not between treatment groups. In-feed antibiotic treatment significantly increased the proportion of specific bacteria in the family Lachnospiraceae while reducing the proportion of bacteria in the genus Christensenellaceae in the ceca, compared to other treatments. Sex-controlled differential expression of genes related to cell signaling and tight junctions were recorded. This study provides data that could guide the use of these feed additives and a foundation for further research.