1
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Lee J, Hwang JA, Hong SH, Kim SY, Seol D, Choi IJ, Lee YS. Overexpression of heat shock protein 47 is associated with increased proliferation and metastasis in gastric cancer. Genomics Inform 2024; 22:6. [PMID: 38907287 PMCID: PMC11184955 DOI: 10.1186/s44342-024-00010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Here, we investigated that the heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) plays a crucial role in the progression of gastric cancer (GC). We analyzed HSP47 gene expression in GC cell lines and patient tissues. The HSP47 mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly higher in GC cell lines and tumor tissues compared to normal gastric mucosa. Using siRNA to silence the expression of HSP47 in GC cells resulted in a significant reduction in their proliferation, wound healing, migration, and invasion capacities. Additionally, we also showed that the mRNA expression of matrix metallopeptidase-7 (MMP-7), a metastasis-promoting gene, was significantly reduced in HSP47 siRNA-transfected GC cells. We confirmed that the HSP47 promoter region was methylated in the SNU-216 GC cell line expressing low levels of HSP47 and in most non-cancerous gastric tissues. It means that the expression of HSP47 is regulated by epigenetic regulatory mechanisms. These findings suggest that targeting HSP47, potentially through its promoter methylation, could be a useful new therapeutic strategy for treating GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ah Hwang
- Genomics Core Facility, Research Core Center, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Hong
- Genomics Core Facility, Research Core Center, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Donghyeok Seol
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Ju Choi
- Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Su Lee
- Rare Cancer Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Pandian J, Ganesan K. Delineation of gastric tumors with activated ERK/MAPK signaling cascades for the development of targeted therapeutics. Exp Cell Res 2022; 410:112956. [PMID: 34864005 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The ERK/MAPK signaling pathway is activated in various cancers including gastric cancer. Targeting the ERK/MAPK/MEK pathway has been considered as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. However, MEK inhibition leads to a series of resistance mechanisms due to mutations in MEK, elevated expression of RAS or RAF proteins and activation of the associated signaling pathways. In the present study, ERK/MAPK pathway specific gene signatures were identified to be highly activated in intestinal subtype gastric tumors. Inhibition of ERK/MAPK pathway with the inhibitor PD98059 in gastric cancer cell lines by in vitro signaling pathway and genome-wide expression profiling revealed the associated signaling pathways. Functional genomic investigation of the ERK/MAPK regulated genes reveals the association of ERK/MAPK pathway with E2F, Myc, SOX-2, TGF-β, OCT4 and Notch pathways in gastric cancer cells. Of these, E2F, Myc and SOX-2 pathways are activated in intestinal subtype gastric tumors and TGF-β, OCT4, Notch pathways are activated in diffuse subtype gastric tumors. Further, the mutational load of gastric tumors was found to have association and correlation with the activation pattern of ERK/MAPK pathways across gastric tumors. ERK/MAPK activation was also found to represent the EBV and MSI activated subtypes of gastric tumors. Identification of potent drug candidates inhibiting the ERK/MAPK and associated pathways would pave a way for developing the targeted therapeutics for a subset of gastric tumors with activated ERK/MAPK signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaishree Pandian
- Unit of Excellence in Cancer Genetics, Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India.
| | - Kumaresan Ganesan
- Unit of Excellence in Cancer Genetics, Department of Genetics, Centre for Excellence in Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India.
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3
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Cheng J, Liu Y, Huang W, Hong W, Wang L, Zhan X, Han Z, Ni D, Huang K, Zhang J. Computational Image Analysis Identifies Histopathological Image Features Associated With Somatic Mutations and Patient Survival in Gastric Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:623382. [PMID: 33869007 PMCID: PMC8045755 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.623382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Computational analysis of histopathological images can identify sub-visual objective image features that may not be visually distinguishable by human eyes, and hence provides better modeling of disease phenotypes. This study aims to investigate whether specific image features are associated with somatic mutations and patient survival in gastric adenocarcinoma (sample size = 310). An automated image analysis pipeline was developed to extract quantitative morphological features from H&E stained whole-slide images. We found that four frequently somatically mutated genes (TP53, ARID1A, OBSCN, and PIK3CA) were significantly associated with tumor morphological changes. A prognostic model built on the image features significantly stratified patients into low-risk and high-risk groups (log-rank test p-value = 2.6e-4). Multivariable Cox regression showed the model predicted risk index was an additional prognostic factor besides tumor grade and stage. Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed that the genes whose expressions mostly correlated with the contributing features in the prognostic model were enriched on biological processes such as cell cycle and muscle contraction. These results demonstrate that histopathological image features can reflect underlying somatic mutations and identify high-risk patients that may benefit from more precise treatment regimens. Both the image features and pipeline are highly interpretable to enable translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cheng
- National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuting Liu
- National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Hong
- National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhan
- School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqin, China
| | - Zhi Han
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Dong Ni
- National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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4
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Zhu L, Wang H, Jiang C, Li W, Zhai S, Cai X, Wang X, Liao L, Tao F, Jin D, Chen G, Xia Y, Mao JH, Li B, Wang P, Hang B. Clinically applicable 53-Gene prognostic assay predicts chemotherapy benefit in gastric cancer: A multicenter study. EBioMedicine 2020; 61:103023. [PMID: 33069062 PMCID: PMC7569189 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously established a 53-gene prognostic signature for overall survival (OS) of gastric cancer patients. This retrospective multi-center study aimed to develop a clinically applicable gene expression detection assay and to investigate the prognostic value of this signature. METHODS A TCGA gastric adenocarcinoma cohort (TCGA-STAD) was used for comparing 53-gene signature with other gene signatures. A high-throughput mRNA hybridization gene expression assay was developed to quantify the expression of 53-genes in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of 540 patients enrolled from three hospitals. 180 patents were randomly selected from two hospitals to build a prognostic prediction model based on the 53-gene signature using leave-p-out (one-third out) cross-validation method together with Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis, and the model was assessed on three validation cohorts. FINDINGS In the evaluation phase, studies based on TCGA-STAD showed that the 53-gene signature was significantly superior to other three prognostic signatures and was independent of TCGA molecular subtypes and clinical factors. For clinical validation and utility, the prognostic scores were generated using the newly developed assay, which was reliable and sensitive, in 100 sampling training sets and were significantly associated with OS in 100 sampling validation sets. The scores were significantly associated with OS in three independent and combined validation cohorts, and in patients with stages II and III/IV. The multivariate Cox regression demonstrated that the prognostic power of the score was independent of clinical factors, consistent with those findings in the TCGA dataset. Finally, patients with good prognostic scores exhibited significantly a better 5-year OS rate from adjuvant FOLFOX chemotherapy after surgery than from other chemotherapies. INTERPRETATION The 53-gene prognostic score system is clinically applicable for predicting the OS of patients independent of clinical factors in gastric cancers, which could also be a promising predictive biomarker for FOLFOX regimen. FUNDING Chinese National Science and Technology, National Natural Science Foundation and Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghua Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengfei Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenhuan Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuting Zhai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiujun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianfa Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linghong Liao
- Fujian Key Laboratory of TCM Health State, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Feng Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dexi Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guofu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian-Hua Mao
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Bin Li
- Nanjing KDRB Biotech Inc., Ltd, Jiangning District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Pin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Bo Hang
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States.
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5
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Shi XJ, Wei Y, Ji B. Systems Biology of Gastric Cancer: Perspectives on the Omics-Based Diagnosis and Treatment. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:203. [PMID: 33005629 PMCID: PMC7479200 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most diagnosed cancer in the world, affecting more than a million people and causing nearly 783,000 deaths each year. The prognosis of advanced gastric cancer remains extremely poor despite the use of surgery and adjuvant therapy. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of gastric cancer development, and the discovery of novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutics are major goals in gastric cancer research. Here, we review recent progress in application of omics technologies in gastric cancer research, with special focus on the utilization of systems biology approaches to integrate multi-omics data. In addition, the association between gastrointestinal microbiota and gastric cancer are discussed, which may offer insights in exploring the novel microbiota-targeted therapeutics. Finally, the application of data-driven systems biology and machine learning approaches could provide a predictive understanding of gastric cancer, and pave the way to the development of novel biomarkers and rational design of cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Shi
- Laboratory Animal Center, State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Boyang Ji
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
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6
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Lin M, Li X, Guo H, Ji F, Ye L, Ma X, Cheng W. Identification of Bone Metastasis-associated Genes of Gastric Cancer by Genome-wide Transcriptional Profiling. Curr Bioinform 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1574893612666171121154017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background:Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling has provided valuable insights into the molecular basis underlying processes involved in gastric cancer initiation and progression. </P><P> Objective: To understand the pathological and biological mechanisms of gastric cancer metastasis in a genome-wide context. </P><P> Method: In this study, we constructed libraries from blood of gastric cancer patients with, and without, bone metastasis. High-throughput sequencing combined with differential expression analysis was used to investigate transcriptional changes.Results:We identified a total of 425 significantly differentially expressed genes. Protein-protein interaction network analysis suggested that most of these genes are involved in DNA replication, DNA damage response, collagen homeostasis and cell adhesion. Furthermore, our data suggested that NFkappaB and DNA damage response pathways were the key regulators of the bone metastasis associated with gastric cancer. Finally, most of these target genes were involved in pathways such as extracellular matrix organization and extracellular structure organization as revealed by gene set enrichment assay.Conclusion:Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptional alterations involved in gastric cancer bone metastasis, which provides greater insights into the complexity of regulatory changes during tumorigenesis and offers novel diagnostic as well as therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhe Lin
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, China
| | - Xin Li
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, China
| | - Haizhou Guo
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, China
| | - Faxiang Ji
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, China
| | - Linhan Ye
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, China
| | - Xuemei Ma
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, China
| | - Wen Cheng
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining, 810001, Qinghai, China
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7
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FAM188B enhances cell survival via interaction with USP7. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:633. [PMID: 29795372 PMCID: PMC5967306 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0650-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
We have previously reported that FAM188B showed significant differential exon usage in cancers (NCBI GEO GSE30727), but the expression and function of FAM188B is not well characterized. In the present study, we explored the functions of FAM188B by a knockdown strategy, using siRNAs specific for FAM188B in colon cancer cell lines. FAM188B is a novel gene that encodes a protein that is evolutionarily conserved among mammals. Its mRNA has been found to be highly expressed in most solid tumors, including colorectal cancer. FAM188B knockdown induced cell growth inhibition due to an increase in apoptosis in colon cancer cell lines. Interestingly, siFAM188B treatment induced the upregulation and activation of p53, and consequently increased p53-regulated pro-apoptotic proteins, PUMA and BAX. Proteomic analysis of FAM188B immunocomplexes revealed p53 and USP7 as putative FAM188B-interacting proteins. Deletion of the putative USP7-binding motif in FAM188B reduced complex formation of FAM188B with USP7. It is noteworthy that FAM188B knockdown resulted in a decrease in overall ubiquitination in the p53 immunocomplexes, as well as p53 ubiquitination, because USP7 is involved in p53 deubiquitination. FAM188B knockdown inhibited both colony formation and anchorage-independent growth in vitro. In addition, FAM188B knockdown by siRNA reduced tumor growth in xenografted mice, with an increase in p53 proteins. Taken together, our data suggest that FAM188B is a putative oncogene that functions via interaction with USP7. Therefore, control of FAM188B could be a possible target to inhibit tumor growth.
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8
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Hüneburg R, Marwitz T, van Heteren P, Weismüller TJ, Trebicka J, Adam R, Aretz S, Perez Bouza A, Pantelis D, Kalff JC, Nattermann J, Strassburg CP. Chromoendoscopy in combination with random biopsies does not improve detection of gastric cancer foci in CDH1 mutation positive patients. Endosc Int Open 2016; 4:E1305-E1310. [PMID: 27995193 PMCID: PMC5161122 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-112582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and study aims: Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HGGC), an autosomal dominant tumor-syndrome, accounts for 1 % to 3 % of gastric cancers worldwide. Presumably 30 % to 40 % of all patients fulfilling the clinical guidelines for HDGC are carriers of a pathogenic mutation in the CDH1 gene. Patients often show multiple foci of signet ring cell carcinoma at early age and are advised to undergo prophylactic total gastrectomy (PTG). Our aim was to improve the endoscopic detection of HDGC by using an enhanced endoscopic protocol. Patient and methods: Patients with a proven CDH1 germline mutation identified in our institute were prospectively included. Patients were advised to undergo PTG and offered a baseline endoscopic examination prior surgery. Examination was performed by using high-resolution white-light endoscopy and pan-gastric chromoendoscopy with indigo carmine as dye combined with targeted and multiple random biopsies assessed by an expert histopathologist. Postoperative histopathology was compared with results from endoscopic biopsies. Results: Between September 2012 and November 2014 8 patients with a proven CDH1 germline mutation were included. We conducted 44 targeted (6.3/patient) and 225 random (32.1/patient) biopsies in 7 patients. We detected 1 gastric cancer by random biopsy (14 %). All other examinations showed no signs of cancer. Histopathology of gastrectomy specimen revealed multiple foci of gastric carcinoma in 6 patients (86 %) with a total number of 27 cancer foci. Conclusions: Examination with targeted and random biopsies combined with chromoendoscopy is not able to detect small foci of gastric cancer in CDH1 mutation carriers. Therefore PTG is advocated in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hüneburg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University
Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Center for Hereditary Tumor Syndromes,
University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Corresponding author Robert Hüneburg,
MD Department of Internal Medicine I
University of
BonnSigmund-Freud Straße
25D-53115 Bonn,
Germany+49-228-287-16043+49-228-287-19763
| | - Tim Marwitz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University
Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peer van Heteren
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University
Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Center for Hereditary Tumor Syndromes,
University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tobias J. Weismüller
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University
Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Center for Hereditary Tumor Syndromes,
University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jonel Trebicka
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University
Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ronja Adam
- Institute of Human Genetics, University
Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Center for Hereditary Tumor Syndromes,
University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Aretz
- Institute of Human Genetics, University
Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Center for Hereditary Tumor Syndromes,
University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alberto Perez Bouza
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital
Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Center for Hereditary Tumor Syndromes,
University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Pantelis
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital
Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Center for Hereditary Tumor Syndromes,
University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörg C. Kalff
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital
Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Center for Hereditary Tumor Syndromes,
University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jacob Nattermann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University
Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Center for Hereditary Tumor Syndromes,
University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Cristian P. Strassburg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University
Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Center for Hereditary Tumor Syndromes,
University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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9
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Chia NY, Tan P. Molecular classification of gastric cancer. Ann Oncol 2016; 27:763-9. [PMID: 26861606 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC), a heterogeneous disease characterized by epidemiologic and histopathologic differences across countries, is a leading cause of cancer-related death. Treatment of GC patients is currently suboptimal due to patients being commonly treated in a uniform fashion irrespective of disease subtype. With the advent of next-generation sequencing and other genomic technologies, GCs are now being investigated in great detail at the molecular level. High-throughput technologies now allow a comprehensive study of genomic and epigenomic alterations associated with GC. Gene mutations, chromosomal aberrations, differential gene expression and epigenetic alterations are some of the genetic/epigenetic influences on GC pathogenesis. In addition, integrative analyses of molecular profiling data have led to the identification of key dysregulated pathways and importantly, the establishment of GC molecular classifiers. Recently, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) network proposed a four subtype classification scheme for GC based on the underlying tumor molecular biology of each subtype. This landmark study, together with other studies, has expanded our understanding on the characteristics of GC at the molecular level. Such knowledge may improve the medical management of GC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- N-Y Chia
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School
| | - P Tan
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
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10
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Lin X, Zhao Y, Song WM, Zhang B. Molecular classification and prediction in gastric cancer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2015; 13:448-58. [PMID: 26380657 PMCID: PMC4556804 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer, a highly heterogeneous disease, is the second leading cause of cancer death and the fourth most common cancer globally, with East Asia accounting for more than half of cases annually. Alongside TNM staging, gastric cancer clinic has two well-recognized classification systems, the Lauren classification that subdivides gastric adenocarcinoma into intestinal and diffuse types and the alternative World Health Organization system that divides gastric cancer into papillary, tubular, mucinous (colloid), and poorly cohesive carcinomas. Both classification systems enable a better understanding of the histogenesis and the biology of gastric cancer yet have a limited clinical utility in guiding patient therapy due to the molecular heterogeneity of gastric cancer. Unprecedented whole-genome-scale data have been catalyzing and advancing the molecular subtyping approach. Here we cataloged and compared those published gene expression profiling signatures in gastric cancer. We summarized recent integrated genomic characterization of gastric cancer based on additional data of somatic mutation, chromosomal instability, EBV virus infection, and DNA methylation. We identified the consensus patterns across these signatures and identified the underlying molecular pathways and biological functions. The identification of molecular subtyping of gastric adenocarcinoma and the development of integrated genomics approaches for clinical applications such as prediction of clinical intervening emerge as an essential phase toward personalized medicine in treating gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiandong Lin
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, NY 10029, USA
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, No. 420 Fuma Road, Jinan District, Fuzhou, Fujian 350014, PR China
| | - Yongzhong Zhao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, NY 10029, USA
| | - Won-min Song
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, NY 10029, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Avenue, NY 10029, USA
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11
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Wu J, Zhao X, Lin Z, Shao Z. A system level analysis of gastric cancer across tumor stages with RNA-seq data. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2015; 11:1925-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c5mb00105f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- Department of Automation
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- and Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing of Ministry of Education
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Xiaodong Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Zongli Lin
- Charles L. Brown Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- University of Virginia
- Charlottesville
- USA
| | - Zhifeng Shao
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- China
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12
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Hong SH, Goh SH, Lee SJ, Hwang JA, Lee J, Choi IJ, Seo H, Park JH, Suzuki H, Yamamoto E, Kim IH, Jeong JS, Ju MH, Lee DH, Lee YS. Upregulation of adenylate cyclase 3 (ADCY3) increases the tumorigenic potential of cells by activating the CREB pathway. Oncotarget 2014; 4:1791-803. [PMID: 24113161 PMCID: PMC3858564 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenylate cyclase 3 (ADCY3) is a widely expressed membrane-associated protein in human tissues, which catalyzes the formation of cyclic adenosine-3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP). However, our transcriptome analysis of gastric cancer tissue samples (NCBI GEO GSE30727) revealed that ADCY3 expression was specifically altered in cancer samples. Here we investigated the tumor-promoting effects of ADCY3 overexpression and confirmed a significant correlation between the upregulation of ADCY3 and Lauren's intestinal-type gastric cancers. ADCY3 overexpression increased cell migration, invasion, proliferation, and clonogenicity in HEK293 cells; conversely, silencing ADCY3 expression in SNU-216 cells reduced these phenotypes. Interestingly, ADCY3 overexpression increased both the mRNA level and activity of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and MMP9 by increasing the levels of cAMP and phosphorylated cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB). Consistent with these findings, treatment with a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor decreased MMP2 and MMP9 expression levels in ADCY3-overexpressing cells. Knockdown of ADCY3 expression by stable shRNA in human gastric cancer cells suppressed tumor growth in a tumor xenograft model. Thus, ADCY3 overexpression may exert its tumor-promoting effects via the cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway. Additionally, bisulfite sequencing of the ADCY3 promoter region revealed that gene expression was reduced by hypermethylation of CpG sites, and increased by 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dC)-induced demethylation. Our study is the first to report an association of ADCY3 with gastric cancer as well as its tumorigenic potentials. In addition, we demonstrate that the expression of ADCY3 is regulated through an epigenetic mechanism. Further study on the mechanism of ADCY3 in tumorigenesis will provide the basis as a new molecular target of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hyun Hong
- Cancer Genomics Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Republic of Korea
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