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Chileh-Chelh T, López-Ruiz R, García-Cervantes AM, Rodríguez-García I, Rincón-Cervera MA, Ezzaitouni M, Guil-Guerrero JL. Cytotoxicity and Chemotaxonomic Significance of Saponins from Wild and Cultured Asparagus Shoots. Molecules 2024; 29:3367. [PMID: 39064945 PMCID: PMC11279782 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The shoots of Asparagus L. are consumed worldwide, although most species belonging to this genus have a restricted range, and several taxa remain unstudied. In this work, a total of four taxa from different locations were scrutinized and compared with cultivated A. officinalis. All shoots were screened for saponins via LC-MS, and in vitro antiproliferative activities against the HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line were assessed via the MTT assay. The total saponins (TS) contained in the crude extracts ranged from 710.0 (A. officinalis) to 1258.6 mg/100 g dw (A. acutifolius). The richness of the compounds detected in this work stands out; a total of 47 saponins have been detected and quantified in the edible parts (shoots) of five taxa of Asparagus. The structure of all the saponins found present skeletons of the furostane and spirostane type. In turn, the structures with a furostane skeleton are divided into unsaturated and dioxygenated types, both in the 20-22 position. The sum of dioscin and derivatives varied largely among the studied taxa, reaching the following percentages of TS: 27.11 (A. officinalis), 18.96 (A. aphyllus), 5.37 (A. acutifolius), and 0.59 (A. albus); while in A. horridus, this compound remains undetected. Aspachiosde A, D, and M varied largely among samples, while a total of seven aspaspirostanosides were characterized in the analyzed species. The hierarchical cluster analysis of the saponin profiles clearly separated the various taxa and demonstrated that the taxonomic position is more important than the place from which the samples were acquired. Thus, saponin profiles have chemotaxonomic significance in Asparagus taxa. The MTT assay showed dose- and time-dependent inhibitory effects of all saponins extracts on HT-29 cancer cells, and the strongest cell growth inhibition was exercised by A. albus and A. acutifolius (GI50 of 125 and 175 µg/mL). This work constitutes a whole approach to evaluating the saponins from the shoots of different Asparagus taxa and provides arguments for using them as functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarik Chileh-Chelh
- Food Technology Division, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (T.C.-C.); (M.A.R.-C.); (M.E.)
| | - Rosalía López-Ruiz
- Department Chemistry-Physics, Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain;
| | - Ana M. García-Cervantes
- Department Chemistry-Physics CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (A.M.G.-C.)
| | - Ignacio Rodríguez-García
- Department Chemistry-Physics CIAIMBITAL, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (A.M.G.-C.)
| | - Miguel A. Rincón-Cervera
- Food Technology Division, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (T.C.-C.); (M.A.R.-C.); (M.E.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Mohamed Ezzaitouni
- Food Technology Division, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (T.C.-C.); (M.A.R.-C.); (M.E.)
| | - José L. Guil-Guerrero
- Food Technology Division, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (T.C.-C.); (M.A.R.-C.); (M.E.)
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Chileh Chelh T, Rincon-Cervera MA, Gomez-Mercado F, Lopez-Ruiz R, Gallon-Bedoya M, Ezzaitouni M, Guil-Guerrero JL. Wild Asparagus Shoots Constitute a Healthy Source of Bioactive Compounds. Molecules 2023; 28:5786. [PMID: 37570757 PMCID: PMC10421306 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Wild Asparagus shoots are consumed worldwide, although most species remain understudied. In this work, a total of four wild Asparagus species were collected from different locations and analyzed compared with farmed A. officinalis. Shoots were screened for (i) phenolic compounds by HPLC-DAD and LC-MS; (ii) total phenolic acids and total flavonoid content by the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods; (iii) vitamin C by HPLC-DAD; (iv) antioxidant activity by the DPPH and ABTS•+ methods; and (v) the in vitro antiproliferative activities against HT-29 colorectal cancer cells by the MTT assay. Phenolics ranged from 107.5 (A. aphyllus) to 605.4 mg/100 g dry weight (dw) (A. horridus). Vitamin C ranged from 15.8 (A. acutifolius) to 22.7 mg/100 g fresh weight (fw) (A. officinalis). The antioxidant activity was similar in all species, standing out in A. officinalis with 5.94 (DPPH) and 4.64 (ABTS) mmol TE/100 g dw. Among phenolics, rutin reached the highest values (574 mg/100 g dw in A. officinalis), followed by quercetin, nicotiflorin, asterin, and narcissin. The MTT assay revealed the inhibitory effects of ethanol extracts against HT-29 cancer cells, highlighting the cell growth inhibition exercised by A. albus (300 µg/mL after 72 h exposure to cells). This work improves knowledge on the phytochemicals and bioactivities of the shoots of wild Asparagus species and confirms their suitability for use as functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarik Chileh Chelh
- Food Technology Division, ceiA3, CIAMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain; (T.C.C.); (M.A.R.-C.); (M.E.)
| | - Miguel A. Rincon-Cervera
- Food Technology Division, ceiA3, CIAMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain; (T.C.C.); (M.A.R.-C.); (M.E.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Macul, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | | | - Rosalia Lopez-Ruiz
- Chemical-Physical Department, Analytical Chemistry of Pollutants, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain;
| | - Manuela Gallon-Bedoya
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Medellín Campus, National University of Colombia, Medellin 050034, Colombia;
| | - Mohamed Ezzaitouni
- Food Technology Division, ceiA3, CIAMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain; (T.C.C.); (M.A.R.-C.); (M.E.)
| | - Jose L. Guil-Guerrero
- Food Technology Division, ceiA3, CIAMBITAL, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain; (T.C.C.); (M.A.R.-C.); (M.E.)
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Xing J, Luo X, Jia K, Liu S, Chen S, Qiao G, Zhang C, Yi J. Integrating network pharmacology and experimental verification to explore the pharmacological mechanisms of asparagus against polycystic ovary syndrome. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:128. [PMID: 37393270 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01210-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age that still lacks effective treatment. Inflammation is one of the important features of PCOS. Asparagus (ASP) has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-aging pharmacological effects, and its anti-tumor effects have been demonstrated in a variety of tumors. However, the role and mechanism of ASP in PCOS remain unclear. METHODS The active components of ASP and the key therapeutic targets for PCOS were obtained by network pharmacology. Molecular docking was used to simulate the binding of PRKCA to the active components of ASP. The effects of ASP on inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways in PCOS, and the regulation of PRKCA were examined by KGN, a human derived granulosa cell line. PCOS mouse model validated the results of in vivo experiments. RESULTS Network pharmacology identified 9 major active ingredients of ASP with 73 therapeutic targets for PCOS. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment yielded 101 PCOS-related signaling pathways. The hub gene PRKCA was obtained after taking the gene intersection of the top 4 pathways. Molecular docking showed the binding of PRKCA to the 7 active components in ASP. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that ASP alleviated the course of PCOS through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effects. ASP can partially restore the low expression of PRKCA in the PCOS models. CONCLUSION The therapeutic effect of ASP on PCOS is mainly achieved by targeting PRKCA through the 7 active components of ASP. Mechanistically, ASP alleviated the course of PCOS through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effects, and PRKCA was its potential target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshan Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nucleic Acid Medicine of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Keran Jia
- Nucleic Acid Medicine of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases), Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Shaokun Chen
- Department of Morphological Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Gan Qiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nucleic Acid Medicine of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Nucleic Acid Medicine of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases), Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jingyan Yi
- Department of Medical Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nucleic Acid Medicine of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases), Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
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Network Pharmacology Analysis and Experimental Pharmacology Study Explore the Mechanism of Asparagus against Glioblastoma. J Food Biochem 2023. [DOI: 10.1155/2023/1468967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant primary brain tumor, and there is an urgent need to explore effective therapeutic strategies to improve the prognosis of GBM patients. Asparagus (ASP) is a widely grown plant with a rich pharmacological profile that has been used to treat various cancers. However, its role in GBM remains unclear. In the study, we confirmed the inhibitory effect of ASP on GBM and explored the target and mechanism of ASP through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular biology experiments. We found that P53 is a potent target of ASP for GBM treatment, and its pharmacological mechanism is the activation of p53-dependent apoptosis. Our research provides an objective basis for the development and clinical application of ASP in GBM patients.
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Liang H, Li Y, Wang F, Zhao J, Yang X, Wu D, Zhang C, Liu Y, Huang J, Su M, He Z, Liu Y, Wang J, Tang D. Combining Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to Study the Action and Mechanism of Water extract of Asparagus Against Colorectal Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:862966. [PMID: 35774597 PMCID: PMC9237230 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.862966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Asparagus (ASP) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine with nourishing, moistening, fire-clearing, cough-suppressing, and intestinal effects. In addition, it exerts anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-aging, immunity-enhancing, and anti-tumor pharmacological effect. The anti-tumor effect of ASP has been studied in hepatocellular carcinoma. However, its action and pharmacological mechanism in colorectal cancer (CRC) are unclear. The present study aimed to identify the potential targets of ASP for CRC treatment using network pharmacology and explore its possible therapeutic mechanisms using in vitro and in vivo experiments. The active compounds and potential targets of ASP were obtained from the TCMSP database, followed by CRC-related target genes identification using GeneCards and OMIM databases, which were matched with the potential targets of ASP. Based on the matching results, potential targets and signaling pathways were identified by protein-protein interaction (PPI), gene ontology (GO) functions, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. Finally, in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to further validate the anti-cancer effects of ASP on CRC. Network pharmacology analysis identified nine active components from ASP from the database based on oral bioavailability and drug similarity index, and 157 potential targets related to ASP were predicted. The PPI network identified tumor protein 53 (TP53), Fos proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit (FOS), and AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1) as key targets. GO analysis showed that ASP might act through response to wounding, membrane raft, and transcription factor binding. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that ASP may affect CRC through the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase PI3K/AKT/mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) signaling pathway. In vitro, ASP inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCT116 and LOVO cells, and caused G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in CRC cells. In vivo, ASP significantly inhibited the growth of CRC transplanted tumors in nude mice. Furthermore, pathway analysis confirmed that ASP could exert its therapeutic effects on CRC by regulating cell proliferation and survival through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. This study is the first to report the potential role of ASP in the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Liang
- Department of Scientific Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanju Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Feiqing Wang
- Department of Scientific Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Medical College of Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianing Zhao
- Department of Scientific Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Scientific Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Scientific Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Chike Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Department of Scientific Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Min Su
- National and Guizhou Joint Engineering Laboratory for Cell Engineering and Biomedicine Technique, Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Adult Stem Cell Translational Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhixu He
- National and Guizhou Joint Engineering Laboratory for Cell Engineering and Biomedicine Technique, Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Adult Stem Cell Translational Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Scientific Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- National and Guizhou Joint Engineering Laboratory for Cell Engineering and Biomedicine Technique, Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Adult Stem Cell Translational Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Liu, ; Jishi Wang, ; Dongxin Tang,
| | - Jishi Wang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Liu, ; Jishi Wang, ; Dongxin Tang,
| | - Dongxin Tang
- Department of Scientific Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Liu, ; Jishi Wang, ; Dongxin Tang,
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Joshi BC, Juyal V, Sah AN, Verma P, Mukhija M. Review On Documented Medicinal Plants Used For The Treatment Of Cancer. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083807666211011125110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Cancer is a frightful disease and it is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Naturally derived compounds are gaining interest of research workers as they have less toxic side effects as compared to currently used treatments such as chemotherapy. Plants are the pool of chemical compounds which provides a promising future for research on cancer.
Objective:
This review paper provides updated information gathered on medicinal plants and isolated phytoconstituents used as anticancer agents and summarises the plant extracts and their isolated chemical constituents exhibiting anticancer potential on clinical trials.
Methods:
An extensive bibliographic investigation was carried out by analysing worldwide established scientific databases like SCOPUS, PUBMED, SCIELO, ScienceDirect, Springerlink, Web of Science, Wiley, SciFinder and Google Scholar etc. In next few decades, herbal medicine may become a new epoch of medical system.
Results:
Many researches are going on medicinal plants for the treatment of cancer but it is a time to increase further experimental studies on plant extracts and their chemical constituents to find out their mechanism of action at molecular level.
Conclusion:
The article may help many researchers to start off further experimentation that might lead to the drugs for the cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuwan Chandra Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Vijay Juyal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Archana N. Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Piyush Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical science and Technology, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Dehradun-248001, India
| | - Minky Mukhija
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ch. Devi Lal College of Pharmacy, Buria Road, Bhagwangarh, Jagadhri-135003, India
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Xu G, Kong W, Fang Z, Fan Y, Yin Y, Sullivan SA, Tran AQ, Clark LH, Sun W, Hao T, Zhao L, Zhou C, Bae-Jump VL. Asparagus officinalis Exhibits Anti-Tumorigenic and Anti-Metastatic Effects in Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:688461. [PMID: 34336674 PMCID: PMC8317209 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.688461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of female cancer death. Emerging evidence suggests that many dietary natural products have anti-tumorigenic activity, including that of asparagus officinalis. The current study aimed to assess the anti-tumorigenic and anti-metastatic effects of asparagus officinalis on serous ovarian cancer cell lines and a transgenic mouse model of high grade serous ovarian cancer. Asparagus officinalis decreased cellular viability, caused cell cycle G1 phase arrest and induced apoptosis in the OVCAR5 and SKOV3 cells. Induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation was rescued by the pan-caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD-FMK, implying that its cytotoxic effects were mainly dependent on caspase pathways. Asparagus officinalis increased levels of ROS and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential with corresponding increases in PERK, Bip, Calnexin PDI and ATF4 in both cell lines. Treatment with asparagus officinalis also reduced ability of adhesion and invasion through epithelial-mesenchymal transition and reduction of VEGF expression. The combination of Asparagus officinalis with paclitaxel had synergistic anti-proliferative activity. Furthermore, Asparagus officinalis significantly inhibited tumor growth and reduced serum VEGF in a genetically engineered mouse model of ovarian cancer under obese and lean conditions, accompanied with a decrease in the expression of Ki67, VEGF and phosphorylated S6, and in an increase in phosphorylation of AMPK in the ovarian tumor tissues. Overall, our data provide a pre-clinical rationale for asparagus officinalis in the prevention and treatment of ovarian cancer as a novel natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxu Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Fengxian Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Weimin Kong
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ziwei Fang
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Fan
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yajie Yin
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Stephanie A. Sullivan
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Arthur-Quan Tran
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Leslie H. Clark
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Wenchuan Sun
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Tianran Hao
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Luyu Zhao
- Shandong Juxinyuan Agricultural Technology Co, LTD., Heze, China
| | - Chunxiao Zhou
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Victoria L. Bae-Jump
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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Hamdi A, Jaramillo-Carmona S, Rodríguez-Arcos R, Jiménez-Araujo A, Lachaal M, Karray-Bouraoui N, Guillén-Bejarano R. Phytochemical Characterization and Bioactivity of Asparagus acutifolius: A Focus on Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, Lipase Inhibitory and Antimicrobial Activities. Molecules 2021; 26:3328. [PMID: 34206066 PMCID: PMC8198970 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The phytochemical composition of leaves, stems, pericarps and rhizomes ethanolic extracts of Asparagus acutifolius were characterized by HPLC-DAD-MS. A. acutifolius samples contain at least eleven simple phenolics, one flavonon, two flavonols and six steroidal saponins. The stem extracts showed the highest total phenolic acid and flavonoid contents, where cafeic acid and rutin were the main compounds. No flavonoids were detected in the leaf, pericarp or rhizome while caffeic acid and ferulic acid were the predominant. Steroidal saponins were detected in the different plant parts of A. acutifolius, and the highest contents were found in the rhizome extracts. The stem extracts exhibited the highest antioxidant activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and the highest 2,2-azino-bis (3 ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging activity was found in the pericarp extracts. The rhizome and leaf extracts showed a potent cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 and HepG2 cell lines. Moreover, the pericarp and rhizome extracts revealed a moderate lipase inhibitory activity. The leaf and rhizome extracts were screened for their antimicrobial activity against human pathogenic isolates. The leaf extract exhibited a powerful inhibitory activity against all the bacteria and fungi tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Hamdi
- Phytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain; (A.H.); (S.J.-C.); (R.R.-A.); (A.J.-A.)
- Unité de Physiologie et de Biochimie de la Réponse des Plantes aux Contraintes Abiotiques, FST Campus, Université Tunis El Manar, 1068 Tunis, Tunisia; (M.L.); (N.K.-B.)
| | - Sara Jaramillo-Carmona
- Phytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain; (A.H.); (S.J.-C.); (R.R.-A.); (A.J.-A.)
| | - Rocío Rodríguez-Arcos
- Phytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain; (A.H.); (S.J.-C.); (R.R.-A.); (A.J.-A.)
| | - Ana Jiménez-Araujo
- Phytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain; (A.H.); (S.J.-C.); (R.R.-A.); (A.J.-A.)
| | - Mokhtar Lachaal
- Unité de Physiologie et de Biochimie de la Réponse des Plantes aux Contraintes Abiotiques, FST Campus, Université Tunis El Manar, 1068 Tunis, Tunisia; (M.L.); (N.K.-B.)
| | - Najoua Karray-Bouraoui
- Unité de Physiologie et de Biochimie de la Réponse des Plantes aux Contraintes Abiotiques, FST Campus, Université Tunis El Manar, 1068 Tunis, Tunisia; (M.L.); (N.K.-B.)
| | - Rafael Guillén-Bejarano
- Phytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), 41013 Seville, Spain; (A.H.); (S.J.-C.); (R.R.-A.); (A.J.-A.)
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Identification of Bioactive Compounds of Asparagus officinalis L.: Permutation Test Allows Differentiation among "Triguero" and Hybrid Green Varieties. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061640. [PMID: 33804205 PMCID: PMC7999721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we determined the phytochemical profile of the Spanish “triguero” asparagus landrace “verde-morado” (Asparagus officinalis L.), a wild traditional landrace, and the improved “triguero” HT-801, together with two commercial green asparagus varieties. For comparison, we used reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometry (RP-HPLC-DAD-ESI-TOF/MS) followed by a permutation test applied using a resampling methodology valid under a relaxed set of assumptions, such as i.i.d. errors (not necessarily normal) that are exchangeable under the null hypothesis. As a result, we postulate that “triguero” varieties (the improved HT-801 followed by its parent “verde-morado”) have a significantly different phytochemical profile from that of the other two commercial hybrid green varieties. In particular, we found compounds specific to the “triguero” varieties, such as feruloylhexosylhexose isomers, or isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, which was found only in the “triguero” variety HT-801. Although studies relating the phytochemical content of “triguero” asparagus varieties to its health-promoting effects are required, this characteristic phytochemical profile can be used for differentiating and revalorizating these asparagus cultivars.
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Dittmann J, Haydn T, Metzger P, Ward GA, Boerries M, Vogler M, Fulda S. Next-generation hypomethylating agent SGI-110 primes acute myeloid leukemia cells to IAP antagonist by activating extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways. Cell Death Differ 2020; 27:1878-1895. [PMID: 31831875 PMCID: PMC7244748 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0465-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic efficacy of first-generation hypomethylating agents (HMAs) is limited in elderly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Therefore, combination strategies with targeted therapies are urgently needed. Here, we discover that priming with SGI-110 (guadecitabine), a next-generation HMA, sensitizes AML cells to ASTX660, a novel antagonist of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 and 2 (cIAP1/2) and X-linked IAP (XIAP). Importantly, SGI-110 and ASTX660 synergistically induced cell death in a panel of AML cell lines as well as in primary AML samples while largely sparing normal CD34+ human progenitor cells, underlining the translational relevance of this combination. Unbiased transcriptome analysis revealed that SGI-110 alone or in combination with ASTX660 upregulated the expression of key regulators of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis signaling pathways such as TNFRSF10B (DR5), FAS, and BAX. Individual knockdown of the death receptors TNFR1, DR5, and FAS significantly reduced SGI-110/ASTX660-mediated cell death, whereas blocking antibodies for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) or FAS ligand (FASLG) failed to provide protection. Also, TNFα-blocking antibody Enbrel had little protective effect on SGI-110/ASTX660-induced cell death. Further, SGI-110 and ASTX660 acted in concert to promote cleavage of caspase-8 and BID, thereby providing a link between extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. Consistently, sequential treatment with SGI-110 and ASTX660-triggered loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and BAX activation which contributes to cell death, as BAX silencing significantly protected from SGI-110/ASTX660-mediated apoptosis. Together, these events culminated in the activation of caspases-3/-7, nuclear fragmentation, and cell death. In conclusion, SGI-110 and ASTX660 cooperatively induced apoptosis in AML cells by engaging extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways, highlighting the therapeutic potential of this combination for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Dittmann
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tinka Haydn
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Patrick Metzger
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research (IMMZ), Albert Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | | | - Melanie Boerries
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research (IMMZ), Albert Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Meike Vogler
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Simone Fulda
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Chen L, Wu X, Zeb F, Huang Y, An J, Jiang P, Chen A, Xu C, Feng Q. Acrolein-induced apoptosis of smooth muscle cells through NEAT1-Bmal1/Clock pathway and a protection from asparagus extract. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 258:113735. [PMID: 31864078 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) accelerates manifestation of plaque vulnerability in atherosclerosis. Long noncoding RNA NEAT1 participates in the proliferation and apoptosis of cells. In addition, circadian clock genes play a significant role in cell apoptosis. However, whether acrolein, an environmental pollutant, affects the apoptosis of VSMCs by regulating NEAT1 and clock genes is still elusive. We established VSMCs as an atherosclerotic cell model in vitro. Acrolein exposure reduced survival rate of VSMCs, and raised apoptosis percentage through upregulating the expression of Bax, Cytochrome c and Cleaved caspase-3 and downregulating Bcl-2. Asparagus extract (AE), as a dietary supplementation, was able to protect VSMCs against acrolein-induced apoptosis. Expression of NEAT1, Bmal1 and Clock was decreased by acrolein, while was ameliorated by AE. Knockdown of NEAT1, Bmal1 or Clock promoted VSMCs apoptosis by regulating Bax, Bcl-2, Cytochrome c and Caspase-3 levels. Correspondingly, overexpression of NEAT1 inhibited the apoptosis. We also observed that silence of NEAT1 repressed the expression of Bmal1/Clock and vice versa. In this study, we demonstrated that VSMCs apoptosis induced by acrolein was associated with downregulation of NEAT1 and Bmal1/Clock. AE alleviated the effects of proapoptotic response and circadian disorders caused by acrolein, which shed a new light on cardiovascular protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xiaoyue Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Falak Zeb
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yunxiang Huang
- Hebei Province Asparagus Industry Technology Research Institute, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Jing An
- Hebei Province Asparagus Industry Technology Research Institute, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Pan Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Aochang Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Chuyue Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Qing Feng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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Phytochemicals and Gastrointestinal Cancer: Cellular Mechanisms and Effects to Change Cancer Progression. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010105. [PMID: 31936288 PMCID: PMC7022462 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is a prevailing global health disease with a high incidence rate which varies by region. It is a huge economic burden on health care providers. GI cancer affects different organs in the body such as the gastric organs, colon, esophagus, intestine, and pancreas. Internal and external factors like smoking, obesity, urbanization, genetic mutations, and prevalence of Helicobacter pylori and Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C viral infections could increase the risk of GI cancer. Phytochemicals are non-nutritive bioactive secondary compounds abundantly found in fruits, grains, and vegetables. Consumption of phytochemicals may protect against chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, and cancer. Multiple studies have assessed the chemoprotective effect of selected phytochemicals in GI cancer, offering support to their potential towards reducing the pathogenesis of the disease. The aim of this review was to summarize the current knowledge addressing the anti-cancerous effects of selected dietary phytochemicals on GI cancer and their molecular activities on selected mechanisms, i.e., nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), detoxification enzymes, adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK), wingless-related integration site/β-catenin (wingless-related integration site (Wnt) β-catenin, cell apoptosis, phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/ protein kinase B AKT/ mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). In this review phytochemicals were classified into four main categories: (i) carotenoids, including lutein, lycopene, and β-carotene; (ii) proanthocyanidins, including quercetin and ellagic acid; (iii) organosulfur compounds, including allicin, allyl propyl disulphide, asparagusic acid, and sulforaphane; and (iv) other phytochemicals including pectin, curcumins, p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid. Overall, phytochemicals improve cancer prognosis through the downregulation of β-catenin phosphorylation, therefore enhancing apoptosis, and upregulation of the AMPK pathway, which supports cellular homeostasis. Nevertheless, more studies are needed to provide a better understanding of the mechanism of cancer treatment using phytochemicals and possible side effects associated with this approach.
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Yi TG, Yeoung YR, Choi IY, Park NI. Transcriptome analysis of Asparagus officinalis reveals genes involved in the biosynthesis of rutin and protodioscin. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219973. [PMID: 31329616 PMCID: PMC6645489 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Garden asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) is a popular vegetable cultivated worldwide. The secondary metabolites in its shoot are helpful for human health. We analyzed A. officinalis transcriptomes and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in the biosynthesis of rutin and protodioscin, which are health-promoting functional compounds, and determined their association with stem color. We sequenced the complete mRNA transcriptome using the Illumina high-throughput sequencing platform in one white, three green, and one purple asparagus cultivars. A gene set was generated by de novo assembly of the transcriptome sequences and annotated using a BLASTx search. To investigate the relationship between the contents of rutin and protodioscin and their gene expression levels, rutin and protodioscin were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. A secondary metabolite analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography showed that the rutin content was higher in green asparagus, while the protodioscin content was higher in white asparagus. We studied the genes associated with the biosynthesis of the rutin and protodioscin. The transcriptomes of the five cultivars generated 336 599 498 high-quality clean reads, which were assembled into 239 873 contigs with an average length of 694 bp, using the Trinity v2.4.0 program. The green and white asparagus cultivars showed 58 932 DEGs. A comparison of rutin and protodioscin biosynthesis genes revealed that 12 of the 57 genes associated with rutin and two of the 50 genes associated with protodioscin showed more than four-fold differences in expression. These DEGs might have caused a variation in the contents of these two metabolites between green and white asparagus. The present study is possibly the first to report transcriptomic gene sets in asparagus. The DEGs putatively involved in rutin and protodioscin biosynthesis might be useful for molecular engineering in asparagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Gyu Yi
- Department of Plant Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Rog Yeoung
- Department of Plant Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Young Choi
- Department of Agriculture and Life Industry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (IYC); (NIP)
| | - Nam-Il Park
- Department of Plant Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (IYC); (NIP)
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Gong H, Cheng W, Wang Y. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand inhibits the growth and aggressiveness of colon carcinoma via the exogenous apoptosis signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:41-50. [PMID: 30651763 PMCID: PMC6307519 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most common types of gastrointestinal tumor. Previous studies have demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor-(TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) reduces the aggressiveness of colon cancer tumors and promotes the apoptosis of colon carcinoma cells. In the present study, the inhibitory effects of TRAIL were investigated and the potential mechanism of TRAIL-mediated apoptosis was explored in colon cancer cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, TUNEL and flow cytometry assays were used to analyze the effects of TRAIL on the growth, migration, invasion and apoptosis of colon tumor cells. In vivo experiments were performed in mice to analyze the therapeutic effects of TRAIL. The results demonstrated that TRAIL significantly suppressed the growth of colorectal tumor cells in a dose-dependent manner (0.5–2.5 mg/ml) and also promoted colon tumor cell death. The migration and invasion of colon tumor cells were inhibited by the downregulation of fibronectin, Vimentin and E-cadherin. The apoptotic rate revealed that TRAIL (2.0 mg/ml) significantly promoted the apoptosis of colon tumor cells by regulating apoptosis-related gene expression. TRAIL administration promoted the apoptosis of colon tumor cells via the exogenous apoptosis signaling pathway due to the upregulation of caspase-3, caspase-8 and nuclear factor-κB protein expression. In vivo assays revealed that TRAIL administration significantly inhibited tumor growth and promoted apoptotic body and lymphocyte infiltration, which led to increased survival in tumor-bearing mice compared with the control group. Immunohistochemistry revealed that P53 and B-cell lymphoma-2 were downregulated in TRAIL-treated tumors. In conclusion, TRAIL treatment significantly inhibited the growth and aggressiveness of colon tumors by inducing apoptosis via the exogenous apoptosis pathway, which suggests that TRAIL may be a potential anticancer agent for colon carcinoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Weicai Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
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Power KA, Lu JT, Monk JM, Lepp D, Wu W, Zhang C, Liu R, Tsao R, Robinson LE, Wood GA, Wolyn DJ. Purified rutin and rutin-rich asparagus attenuates disease severity and tissue damage following dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:2396-2412. [PMID: 27349947 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE This study investigated the effects of cooked whole asparagus (ASP) versus its equivalent level of purified flavonoid glycoside, rutin (RUT), on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis and subsequent colitis recovery in mice. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6 male mice were fed an AIN-93G basal diet (BD), or BD supplemented with 2% cooked ASP or 0.025% RUT for 2 wks prior to and during colitis induction with 2% DSS in water for 7 days, followed by 5 days colitis recovery. In colitic mice, both ASP and RUT upregulated mediators of improved barrier integrity and enhanced mucosal injury repair (e.g. Muc1, IL-22, Rho-A, Rac1, and Reg3γ), increased the proportion of mouse survival, and improved disease activity index. RUT had the greatest effect in attenuating DSS-induced colonic damage indicated by increased crypt and goblet cell restitution, reduced colonic myeloperoxidase, as well as attenuated DSS-induced microbial dysbiosis (reduced Enterobacteriaceae and Bacteroides, and increased unassigned Clostridales, Oscillospira, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium). CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that dietary cooked ASP and its flavonoid glycoside, RUT, may be useful in attenuating colitis severity by modulating the colonic microenvironment resulting in reduced colonic inflammation, promotion of colonic mucosal injury repair, and attenuation of colitis-associated microbial dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista A Power
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Jenifer T Lu
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer M Monk
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Dion Lepp
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Wenqing Wu
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Claire Zhang
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Ronghua Liu
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Rong Tsao
- Guelph Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Lindsay E Robinson
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Geoffrey A Wood
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - David J Wolyn
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Jiménez-Sánchez C, Lozano-Sánchez J, Rodríguez-Pérez C, Segura-Carretero A, Fernández-Gutiérrez A. Comprehensive, untargeted, and qualitative RP-HPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS2 metabolite profiling of green asparagus (Asparagus officinalis). J Food Compost Anal 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Zhang Z, Li Z, Wu X, Zhang CF, Calway T, He TC, Du W, Chen J, Wang CZ, Yuan CS. TRAIL pathway is associated with inhibition of colon cancer by protopanaxadiol. J Pharmacol Sci 2015; 127:83-91. [PMID: 25704023 PMCID: PMC5053100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Among important components of American ginseng, protopanaxadiol (PPD) showed more active anticancer potential than other triterpenoid saponins. In this study, we determined the in vivo effects of PPD in a mouse cancer model first. Then, using human colorectal cancer cell lines, we observed significant cancer cell growth inhibition by promoting G1 cell cycle redistribution and apoptosis. Subsequently, we characterized the downstream genes targeted by PPD in HCT-116 cancer cells. Using Affymetrix high density GeneChips, we obtained the gene expression profile of the cells. Microarray data indicated that the expression levels of 76 genes were changed over two-fold after PPD, of which 52 were upregulated while the remaining 24 were downregulated. Ingenuity pathway analysis of top functions affected was carried out. Data suggested that by regulating the interactions between p53 and DR4/DR5, the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) pathway played a key role in the action of PPD, a promising colon cancer inhibitory compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Zhang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zejuan Li
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Chun-Feng Zhang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tyler Calway
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Wei Du
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Chong-Zhi Wang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Committee on Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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Lee HL, Park MH, Hong JE, Kim DH, Kim JY, Seo HO, Han SB, Yoon JH, Lee WH, Song HS, Lee JI, Lee US, Song MJ, Hong JT. Inhibitory effect of snake venom toxin on NF-κB activity prevents human cervical cancer cell growth via increase of death receptor 3 and 5 expression. Arch Toxicol 2014; 90:463-77. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1393-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Verma SP, Tripathi VC, Das P. Asparagus Racemosus Leaf Extract Inhibits Growth of UOK 146 Renal Cell Carcinoma Cell Line: Simultaneous Oncogenic PRCCTFE3 Fusion Transcript Inhibition and Apoptosis Independent Cell Death. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:1937-41. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.5.1937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Xiang J, Xiang Y, Lin S, Xin D, Liu X, Weng L, Chen T, Zhang M. Anticancer effects of deproteinized asparagus polysaccharide on hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:3517-24. [PMID: 24310501 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies in the world whose chemoprevention became increasingly important in HCC treatment. Although the anticancer effects of asparagus constituents have been investigated in several cancers, its effects on hepatocellular carcinoma have not been fully studied. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effects of the deproteinized asparagus polysaccharide on the hepatocellular carcinoma cells using the in vitro and in vivo experimental model. Our data showed that deproteinized asparagus polysaccharide might act as an effective inhibitor on cell growth in vitro and in vivo and exert potent selective cytotoxicity against human hepatocellular carcinoma Hep3B and HepG2 cells. Further study showed that it could potently induce cell apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest in the more sensitive Hep3B and HepG2 cell lines. Moreover, deproteinized asparagus polysaccharide potentiated the effects of mitomycin both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies revealed that deproteinized asparagus polysaccharide might exert its activity through an apoptosis-associated pathway by modulating the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3. In conclusion, deproteinized asparagus polysaccharide exhibited significant anticancer activity against hepatocellular carcinoma cells and could sensitize the tumoricidal effects of mitomycin, indicating that it is a potential therapeutic agent (or chemosensitizer) for liver cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Xiang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, 200233, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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