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Kashyap D, Sharma R, Goel N, Buttar HS, Garg VK, Pal D, Rajab K, Shaikh A. Coding roles of long non-coding RNAs in breast cancer: Emerging molecular diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets with special reference to chemotherapy resistance. Front Genet 2023; 13:993687. [PMID: 36685962 PMCID: PMC9852779 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.993687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of epigenetic mechanisms have been depicted in several pathological consequence such as cancer. Different modes of epigenetic regulation (DNA methylation (hypomethylation or hypermethylation of promotor), histone modifications, abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs, and small nucleolar RNAs), are discovered. Particularly, lncRNAs are known to exert pivot roles in different types of cancer including breast cancer. LncRNAs with oncogenic and tumour suppressive potential are reported. Differentially expressed lncRNAs contribute a remarkable role in the development of primary and acquired resistance for radiotherapy, endocrine therapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. A wide range of molecular subtype specific lncRNAs have been assessed in breast cancer research. A number of studies have also shown that lncRNAs may be clinically used as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for early detection of breast cancer. Such molecular biomarkers have also been found in cancer stem cells of breast tumours. The objectives of the present review are to summarize the important roles of oncogenic and tumour suppressive lncRNAs for the early diagnosis of breast cancer, metastatic potential, and chemotherapy resistance across the molecular subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharambir Kashyap
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Riya Sharma
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neelam Goel
- Department of Information Technology, University Institute of Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Harpal S. Buttar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Vivek Kumar Garg
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, India,*Correspondence: Vivek Kumar Garg, ; Asadullah Shaikh,
| | - Deeksha Pal
- Department of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Khairan Rajab
- College of Computer Science and Information Systems, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asadullah Shaikh
- College of Computer Science and Information Systems, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia,*Correspondence: Vivek Kumar Garg, ; Asadullah Shaikh,
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Qi X, Chen D, Yu W, Wang L, Liu L, Tao X. Long non-coding RNA PRNCR1 promotes ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting the miR-653-5p/ELF2 axis. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1463-1475. [PMID: 35166984 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04371-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that prostate cancer-associated long non-coding RNA, PRNCR1, plays crucial roles in the development of multiple human cancers. However, its role in ovarian cancer is barely known. This study was carried out to investigate the role of PRNCR1 and the underlying mechanisms in OC. The expression of PRNCR1 and miR-653-5p in OC cell lines and tissues were detected by qRT-PCR. The expression of ELF2 protein was evaluated by Western blot analysis. Cell proliferation was measured by colony formation and MTT assay. Cell invasion and migration were evaluated by Transwell and wound healing assay. Luciferase reporter assay and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation assay were performed to determine the interaction between miR-653-5p and PRNCR1, as well as between miR-653-5p and ELF2. In vivo tumor xenograft model was established to evaluate the role of PRNCR1 in tumor growth. Our results demonstrated that PRNCR1 was significantly upregulated in both OC cell lines and tissues, and high expression of PRNCR1 was correlated with poor survival of OC patients. Overexpression of PRNCR1 accelerated OC cell invasion, migration and proliferation. Besides, the expression of PRNCR1 was negatively correlated with the expression of miR-653-5p, while positively correlated with the expression of E74-like factor 2 in OC tissues. Importantly, ELF2 could target miR-653-5p, and PRNCR1 increased the expression levels of ELF2 by sponging miR-653-5p in OC cells. Furthermore, the miR-145-5p/ELF2 axis was involved in the regulation of PRNCR1 in OC progression in vivo. PRNCR1 promotes OC tumor progress via the miR-653-5p/ELF2 axis and might be a potential therapeutic target for OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Qi
- Department of Gynecology, Hubei Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.745 Wuluo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Dejun Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Hubei Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.745 Wuluo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Weichang Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Hubei Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.745 Wuluo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Hubei Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.745 Wuluo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Hubei Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.745 Wuluo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Tao
- Department of Gynecology, Hubei Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.745 Wuluo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, 430070, People's Republic of China.
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Bardhan A, Banerjee A, Basu K, Pal DK, Ghosh A. PRNCR1: a long non-coding RNA with a pivotal oncogenic role in cancer. Hum Genet 2021; 141:15-29. [PMID: 34727260 PMCID: PMC8561087 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02396-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been gaining importance in the field of cancer research in recent years. PRNCR1 (prostate cancer-associated non-coding RNA1) is a 12.7 kb, intron-less lncRNA found to play an oncogenic role in malignancy of diverse organs including prostate, breast, lung, oral cavity, colon and rectum. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PRNCR1 locus have been found to be associated with cancer susceptibility in different populations. In this review, an attempt has been made for the first time to summarize all sorts of available data on PRNCR1 to date from relevant databases (GeneCard, LncExpDB, Ensembl genome browser, and PubMed). As functional roles of PRNCR1, miRNA (microRNA) sponging was mostly highlighted in the pathogenesis of different cancer; in addition, an association of the lncRNA with chromatin-modifying complex to enhance androgen receptor-mediated gene transcription was reported in prostate cancer. Diagnostic and prognostic importance of PRNCR1 was found in some malignancies suggesting potency of the lncRNA to serve as a clinical biomarker. For PRNCR1 SNPs, although cancer susceptibility of the risk alleles/genotypes was reported in different populations, majorities of the findings were not replicated and underlying molecular mechanisms remained unexplored. Therapeutic implication of PRNCR1 was not studied well and future research may come up in this direction for intervening novel strategies to fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Bardhan
- Genetics of Non-Communicable Diseases, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700073, India
| | - Anwesha Banerjee
- Genetics of Non-Communicable Diseases, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700073, India
| | - Keya Basu
- Department of Pathology, IPGME&R, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Amlan Ghosh
- Genetics of Non-Communicable Diseases, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700073, India.
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Cheng JW, Duan LX, Yu Y, Wang P, Feng JL, Feng GZ, Liu Y. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promote prostate cancer cell stemness via cell-cell contact to activate the Jagged1/Notch1 pathway. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:87. [PMID: 34001269 PMCID: PMC8130143 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-021-00599-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a crucial role in cancer development and tumor resistance to therapy in prostate cancer, but the influence of MSCs on the stemness potential of PCa cells by cell–cell contact remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of direct contact of PCa cells with MSCs on the stemness of PCa and its mechanisms. Methods First, the flow cytometry, colony formation, and sphere formation were performed to determine the stemness of PCaMSCs, and the expression of stemness-related molecules (Sox2, Oct4, and Nanog) was investigated by western blot analysis. Then, we used western blot and qPCR to determine the activity levels of two candidate pathways and their downstream stemness-associated pathway. Finally, we verified the role of the significantly changed pathway by assessing the key factors in this pathway via in vitro and in vivo experiments. Results We established that MSCs promoted the stemness of PCa cells by cell–cell contact. We here established that the enhanced stemness of PCaMSCs was independent of the CCL5/CCR5 pathway. We also found that PCaMSCs up-regulated the expression of Notch signaling-related genes, and inhibition of Jagged1-Notch1 signaling in PCaMSCs cells significantly inhibited MSCs-induced stemness and tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions Our results reveal a novel interaction between MSCs and PCa cells in promoting tumorigenesis through activation of the Jagged1/Notch1 pathway, providing a new therapeutic target for the treatment of PCa. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-021-00599-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Wen Cheng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Li-Xia Duan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.,The Fifth Department of Chemotherapy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Hedi road 71, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pu Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jia-le Feng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Guan-Zheng Feng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. .,The Fifth Department of Chemotherapy, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Hedi road 71, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
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Association between polymorphisms in PRNCR1 and risk of colorectal cancer in the Saudi population. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220931. [PMID: 31487296 PMCID: PMC6728072 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
LncRNA Prostate cancer non-coding RNA (PRNCR1) is downregulated in many types of cancer. The current case-control study was performed on 144 patients with colorectal cancer and 130 matching controls. Genotyping was performed using TaqMan assays for four Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in PRNCR1. RNAsnp Web Server was used to detect variations in the secondary structure for each SNP. The genotyping analysis for SNP rs1456315 showed increased association with colorectal cancer with the homozygous CC variant allele (OR: 2.09; χ2 = 4.95; CI: 1.08-4.02; p = 0.02), the minor allele frequency, and additive genotype, respectively (OR: 1.55; χ2 = 6.24; CI: 1.09-2.19; p = 0.01) & (OR: 1.64; χ2 = 4.04; CI: 1.01-2.67; p = 0.04). A risk association was also observed among younger age patients (≤57) and in female patients as well as in patients with tumors of the colon. For the other SNPs tested (rs16901946, rs13252298, rs1016343), no significant association was observed. The secondary structure of the rs1456315 mutant is different from that of the wild-type. Our findings suggest that the upregulation of PRNCR1 and its variants is associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer in Saudi patients, indicating that PRNCR1 might be a unique and valuable signature for predicting the risk of colorectal cancer in a Saudi population.
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Ma L, Zhang L, Guo A, Liu LC, Yu F, Diao N, Xu C, Wang D. Overexpression of FER1L4 promotes the apoptosis and suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stemness markers via activating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in osteosarcoma cells. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152412. [PMID: 31000382 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Novel long non-coding RNA Fer-1-like protein 4 (FER1L4) has been identified as a tumor suppressor in endometrial carcinoma, ovarian cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. However, the function of FER1L4 in osteosarcoma has not been clear. The aim of the research was to explore the effects of FER1L4 in osteosarcoma. Results showed that FER1L4 was observed to be lowly expressed in osteosarcoma cell lines (US-O2, MG-63 and SaOS-2 cells), especially MG63 cells. Besides, overexpression of FER1L4 remarkably repressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of MG63 cells. FER1L4-induced apoptotic cell death leaded to the activation of caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl2. Moreover, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was tremendously suppressed by increased FER1L4, evidences were the increased E-cadherin and reduced vimentin and fibronectin. Blocking FER1L4 expression by sh-FER1L4 treatment increased the expression of SOX9, CD44, ALDH1, Nanog and Oct4, indicating that FER1L4 could effectively decrease cell stemness in osteosarcoma. Furthermore, the protein levels of p-AKT and p-PI3K were remarkably suppressed when FER1L4 was knocked down. In conclusion, the study indicated that FER1L4 acted as a tumor suppressor in osteosarcoma via activating PI3K/AKT pathway may be a new prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for osteosarcoma intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050, PR China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050, PR China
| | - Ai Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050, PR China.
| | - Lijun C Liu
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Ohio, 43614, USA
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050, PR China
| | - Naicheng Diao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050, PR China
| | - Chongyang Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050, PR China
| | - Difan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100050, PR China
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