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Mohd Abas MD, Mohd Asri MF, Yusafawi NAS, Rosman NAZ, Baharudin NAZ, Taher M, Susanti D, Khotib J. Advancements of gene therapy in cancer treatment: A comprehensive review. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 261:155509. [PMID: 39121791 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is the main contributor for mortality in the world. Conventional therapy that available as the treatment options are chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. However, these treatments are hardly cell-specific most of the time. Nowadays, extensive research and investigations are made to develop cell-specific approaches prior to cancer treatment. Some of them are photodynamic therapy, hyperthermia, immunotherapy, stem cell transplantation and targeted therapy. This review article will be focusing on the development of gene therapy in cancer. The objective of gene therapy is to correct specific mutant genes causing the excessive proliferation of the cell that leads to cancer. There are lots of explorations in the approach to modify the gene. The delivery of this therapy plays a big role in its success. If the inserted gene does not find its way to the target, the therapy is considered a failure. Hence, vectors are needed and the common vectors used are viral, non viral or synthetic, polymer based and lipid based vectors. The advancement of gene therapy in cancer treatment will be focussing on the top three cancer cases in the world which are breast, lung and colon cancer. In breast cancer, the discussed therapy are CRISPR/Cas9, siRNA and gene silencing whereas in colon cancer miRNA and suicide gene therapy and in lung cancer, replacement of tumor suppressor gene, CRISPR/Cas9 and miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Dhiyauddin Mohd Abas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Kuantan, Pahang 25200, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Fareez Mohd Asri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Kuantan, Pahang 25200, Malaysia
| | - Nur Anis Suffiah Yusafawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Kuantan, Pahang 25200, Malaysia
| | - Nur Anis Zahra Rosman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Kuantan, Pahang 25200, Malaysia
| | - Nur Arifah Zahidah Baharudin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Kuantan, Pahang 25200, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Taher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Kuantan, Pahang 25200, Malaysia.
| | - Deny Susanti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Kuantan, Pahang 25200, Malaysia.
| | - Junaidi Khotib
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia.
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Wang Y, Song W, Wang H, Zhu G, Li Y, Wang Z, Li W, Che G. Increased risk of subsequent primary lung cancer among female hormone-related cancer patients: A meta-analysis based on over four million cases. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:1790-1801. [PMID: 38973242 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000003132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence rate of lung cancer in women has significantly increased over the past decade, and previous evidence has indicated a significant relationship between the elevated levels of sex hormones and the risk of lung cancer. Therefore, we hypothesized that female hormone-related cancer (FHRC) patients, including breast, endometrial, cervical, and ovarian cancer patients, may experience a higher risk of developing subsequent lung cancer. This meta-analysis aimed to identify the risk of lung cancer among FHRC patients compared to the general population. METHODS The PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and CNKI databases were searched up to May 11, 2022. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to identify the risk of subsequent lung cancer after FHRC. Subgroup analyses based on the follow-up time and tumor type were also conducted. RESULTS A total of 58 retrospective cohort studies involving 4,360,723 FHRC participants were included. The pooled results demonstrated that FHRC patients had a significantly increased risk of developing subsequent primary lung cancer (SIR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.48-1.76, P <0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed an obvious trend of increasing lung cancer risk over time (SIRs for <5 years, ≥5 years, ≥10 years, ≥20 years, and ≥30 years after FHRC: 1.32, 1.59, 1.57, 1.68, and 1.95, respectively). In addition, subgroup analysis stratified by tumor type indicated an increased risk of developing subsequent lung cancer after breast (SIR = 1.25, P <0.001), endometrial (SIR = 1.40, P = 0.019), cervical (SIR = 2.56, P <0.001), and ovarian cancer (SIR = 1.50, P = 0.010). CONCLUSION FHRC patients are more likely to develop lung cancer than the general population. Furthermore, the increased risk of subsequent primary lung cancer is more obvious with a longer survival time and is observed in all types of hormone-related cancer. REGISTRATION International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols: No. INPLASY202270044; https://inplasy.com/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wenpeng Song
- Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Guonian Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yangqian Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhoufeng Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Networks, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Networks, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Guowei Che
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Hsu R, Chen D, Xia B, Feldman R, Cozen W, Raez LE, Borghaei H, Kim C, Nagasaka M, Mamdani H, Vanderwalde AM, Lopes G, Socinski MA, Wozniak AJ, Spira AI, Liu SV, Nieva JJ. Impact of gender and mutational differences in hormone receptor expressing non-small cell lung cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1215524. [PMID: 37700839 PMCID: PMC10494442 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1215524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of lung cancer in the US has been decreasing but a bigger decline has been observed in men despite similar declines in tobacco use between men and women. Multiple theories have been proposed, including exposure to exogenous estrogens. Our study seeks to understand the relationship between hormone receptors (HR), gender, and the genomic landscape of non-small lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods 3,256 NSCLC tumor samples submitted for molecular profiling between 2013-2018 were retrospectively identified and assessed for HR expression. Hormone receptor (HR+) was defined as ≥ 1% nuclear staining of estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-a) or progesterone receptor (PR) by immunohistochemistry. DNA sequencing by NGS included cases sequenced by the Illumina MiSeq hot spot 47 gene panel (n=2753) and Illumina NextSeq 592 gene panel (n=503). An adjusted p-value (q-value) <0.05 was determined significant. Results HR+ was identified in 18.3% of NSCLC. HR+ occurred more commonly in women compared to men (19.6% vs 11.4%, p <0.0001, q <0.0001). EGFR mutations occurred more commonly in HR+ NSCLC than HR- NSCLC (20.2% vs. 14.6%, p = 0.002, q=0.007). Overall, men with EGFR mutations were affected by HR status with a higher prevalence in HR+ NSCLC while such differences were not seen in women. However, in women ages ≤45, there was a trend towards greater prevalence HR+ NSCLC (25.25% vs. 11.32%, q= 0.0942) and 10/25 (40.0%) of HR+ cases in young women were found to be EGFR mutated. KRAS mutations and ALK+ IHC expression occurred more in HR+ NSCLC whereas TP53 mutations occurred more in HR- NSCLC. Conclusions Women were more likely to have HR+ NSCLC than men and EGFR and KRAS mutations occurred more commonly in HR+ NSCLC. Additional studies with more strict inclusion criteria for HR+ are warranted to see if there is benefit to targeting HR in these subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Denaly Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Bing Xia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Wendy Cozen
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Luis E. Raez
- Thoracic Oncology Program, Memorial Cancer Institute/Florida Atlantic University, Pembroke Pines, FL, United States
| | - Hossein Borghaei
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Chul Kim
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Misako Nagasaka
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Hirva Mamdani
- Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, United States
| | | | - Gilberto Lopes
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | | | - Antoinette J. Wozniak
- Hillman Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Alexander I. Spira
- US Oncology Research, Virginia Cancer Specialists, Fairfax, VA, United States
| | - Stephen V. Liu
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jorge J. Nieva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Wu CC, Chung CH, Tzeng NS, Wu MJ, Tsao CH, Wu TH, Chien WC, Chen HC. The association between hormone therapy and the risk of lung cancer in postmenopausal women: a 16-year nationwide population-based study. Menopause 2023; 30:521-528. [PMID: 36854166 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although an association between hormone therapy (HT) and the risk of developing lung cancer has been reported, the results on the topic are inconsistent. Our study objective was to investigate whether postmenopausal women who undergo HT exhibit a risk of developing lung cancer. METHODS In this matched cohort study, we obtained the data of 38,104 postmenopausal women older than 45 years who were treated using HT between 2000 and 2015 from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, and 152,416 matched participants who were not treated using HT were enrolled as controls at a 1:4 ratio. RESULTS We used a Cox proportional hazards regression model to identify the risk of developing lung cancer during 16 years of follow-up, and the results indicate no significant difference in the proportion of postmenopausal women treated using HT ( P = 0.129) who developed lung cancer and that of those not treated using HT (0.866% [330 of 38,104] vs 0.950% [1,449 of 152,416]). After adjustment for age and other variables, the adjusted hazard ratio was 0.886 (95% CI, 0.666-1.305, P = 0.433), indicating no association between HT and lung cancer development in postmenopausal women. In a subgroup analysis, the risk of lung cancer was significantly lower in the women who were treated using HT when the HT cumulative dosage was ≥401 mg or when the therapy duration was ≥5 years compared with in those not treated using HT; the adjusted hazard ratios were 0.633 (95% CI, 0.475-0.930; P < 0.001) and 0.532 (95% CI, 0.330-0.934; P < 0.001), respectively, after adjustment. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that HT is not associated with the risk of lung cancer development in postmenopausal women; furthermore, a higher cumulative dosage and the long-term effects of HT reduce the risk of developing lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chen Wu
- From the Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Min-Jung Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Hsin-Chien Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Targeting Estrogens and Various Estrogen-Related Receptors against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers: A Perspective. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010080. [PMID: 35008242 PMCID: PMC8750572 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) account for ~85% of lung cancer cases worldwide. Mammalian lungs are exposed to both endogenous and exogenous estrogens. The expression of estrogen receptors (ERs) in lung cancer cells has evoked the necessity to evaluate the role of estrogens in the disease progression. Estrogens, specifically 17β-estradiol, promote maturation of several tissue types including lungs. Recent epidemiologic data indicate that women have a higher risk of lung adenocarcinoma, a type of NSCLC, when compared to men, independent of smoking status. Besides ERs, pulmonary tissues both in healthy physiology and in NSCLCs also express G-protein-coupled ERs (GPERs), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRs), estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) and orphan nuclear receptors. Premenopausal females between the ages of 15 and 50 years synthesize a large contingent of estrogens and are at a greater risk of developing NSCLCs. Estrogen-ER/GPER/EGFR/ERR-mediated activation of various cell signaling molecules regulates NSCLC cell proliferation, survival and apoptosis. This article sheds light on the most recent achievements in the elucidation of sequential biochemical events in estrogen-activated cell signaling pathways involved in NSCLC severity with insight into the mechanism of regulation by ERs/GPERs/EGFRs/ERRs. It further discusses the success of anti-estrogen therapies against NSCLCs.
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Rodriguez-Lara V, Avila-Costa MR. An Overview of Lung Cancer in Women and the Impact of Estrogen in Lung Carcinogenesis and Lung Cancer Treatment. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:600121. [PMID: 34079807 PMCID: PMC8165182 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.600121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer incidence and mortality have significantly increased in women worldwide. Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common form of lung cancer globally. This type of lung cancer shows differences by sex, including the mutational burden, behavior, clinical characteristics, and response to treatment. The effect of sex on lung cancer patients' survival is still controversial; however, lung adenocarcinoma is considered a different disease in women and men. Moreover, lung adenocarcinoma is strongly influenced by estrogen and is also different depending on the hormonal status of the patient. Young pre-menopausal women have been explored as an independent group. They presented in more advanced stages at diagnosis, exhibited more aggressive tumors, and showed poor survival compared to men and post-menopausal women, supporting the role of sex hormones in this pathology. Several reports indicate the estrogen's role in lung carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Thus, there are currently some clinical trials testing the efficacy of antihormonal therapy in lung cancer treatment. This mini review shows the updated data about lung cancer in women, its characteristics, the etiological factors that influence carcinogenesis, and the critical role of estrogen in lung cancer and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vianey Rodriguez-Lara
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria Rosa Avila-Costa
- Neuromorphology Laboratory, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Peng H, Wu X, Wen Y, Du X, Li C, Liang H, Lin J, Liu J, Ge F, Huo Z, He J, Liang W. Age at first birth and lung cancer: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2021; 10:1720-1733. [PMID: 34012788 PMCID: PMC8107761 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-20-1216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Growing evidence suggests that female reproductive factors, like age at first birth (AFB), may play a potential role in the progression of lung cancer (LC). However, previous studies are susceptible to confounding factors, inadequate attention to variation by histology or reverse causality. Few studies have comprehensively evaluated their association and the causal effect remains unclear. Methods We aimed to determine whether AFB is causally correlated with the risk of LC, by means of utilizing aggregated data from the large genome-wide association studies conducted on AFB (251,151 individuals) and data of LC from International Lung and Cancer Consortium (ILCCO, 11,348 cases and 15,861 controls). We used 10 AFB-related single nucleotide polymorphisms as instrument variables and applied several two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) methods. Secondary results according to different histological subtypes of lung cancer were also implemented. Results Conventional inverse-variance weighted method indicated that genetic predisposition towards number unit (1 year) increase of AFB was associated with a 18% lower risk of LC [odds ratio (OR) =0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.69–0.97; P=0.029]. When results were examined by histotypes, an inverse association was observed between genetically predisposed number unit (1 year) increase of AFB and lung adenocarcinoma (OR =0.75, 95% CI: 0.59–0.97, P=0.017) but not with squamous cell lung cancer (OR =0.77, 95% CI: 0.57–1.05, P=0.103). The results demonstrated no association between number unit decrease of AFB and LC. Pleiotropy was not presented through sensitivity analyses including MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test (P=0.412). Genetic predisposition towards older AFB was additionally associated with longer years of schooling (OR =1.12, 95% CI: 1.08–1.16, P<0.001), lower body mass index (OR =0.93, 95% CI: 0.88–0.98, P=0.004) and less alcohol consumption (OR =0.99, 95% CI: 0.99–1.00, P=0.004). Conclusions Our study suggested that older AFB was a causal protective factor in the progression of LC. Further studies elucidating the potential mechanisms are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxin Peng
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangrong Wu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaokai Wen
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqin Du
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Caichen Li
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hengrui Liang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinsheng Lin
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Ge
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,First Clinical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Huo
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianxing He
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Liang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and Surgery, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China
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Lei H, Liu L, Wei J, Liu Y, Ling Y, Wang X, Guo L, Li W, Ying J, Yang L. EGFR mutation is positively correlated with C-Met protein expression: a study of 446 resected lung adenocarcinoma. Transl Cancer Res 2021; 10:233-240. [PMID: 35116255 PMCID: PMC8797278 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-2202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (C-Met) amplification are known factors for primary resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in advanced primary lung adenocarcinoma. However, little is known about the relationship between high expression of C-Met protein and primary EGFR mutation. This research aims to investigate the correlation between EGFR mutation and C-Met protein expression in resected primary lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS Four hundred and forty-six surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma between 2013-2015 were collected for EGFR mutation analysis by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and C-Met protein expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The relationship between the two biomarkers and clinicopathological features were analyzed. RESULTS The positive rate of EGFR mutation and C-Met protein expression were 66.4% (296/446) and 96.4% (430/446). EGFR mutation was significantly higher in female, mild to moderate differentiation, lepidic, acinar and papillary histological subtypes (P<0.05). C-Met expression was more prominent in female than male (201 vs. 123, 45.07% vs. 27.57%). EGFR mutation was found positively correlated with C-Met protein expression (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS EGFR mutation and C-Met protein expression are prone to have a female predominance, and are positively correlated with each other in surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma specimens. This finding may be beneficial in explaining some of the resistance mechanisms of EGFR-mutated cases, which is worth further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizi Lei
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiacong Wei
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yutao Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Ling
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianming Ying
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Jin K, Hung RJ, Thomas S, Le Marchand L, Matsuo K, Seow A, Shen H, Kok WP, Yuan JM, Wu M, Li L, Zhao JK, Zhang ZF. Hormonal factors in association with lung cancer among Asian women: A pooled analysis from the International Lung Cancer Consortium. Int J Cancer 2020; 148:2241-2254. [PMID: 33210298 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Two thousand sixty-four lung cancer cases and 5342 controls were evaluated in this International Lung Cancer Consortium (ILCCO) pooled analysis on estrogen-related hormonal factors and lung cancer in Asian women. Random effect of study site and fixed effect of age, smoking status, comprehensive smoking index and family history of lung cancer were adjusted for in the multivariable logistic regression models. We found that late onset of menarche conferred elevated odds of lung cancer with adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.24 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05, 1.45) for 17 years or older, compared to 14 years or younger. Late onset of menopause at 55 years old or older was associated with lung cancer with OR = 1.24 (95% CI = 1.02, 1.51). Nonnatural menopause was associated with an OR of 1.39 (95% CI = 1.13, 1.71). More live births showed reversed association with lung cancer (ORs of 5 or more live births: 0.71 (95% CI = 0.60, 0.84), compared to 0-2 live births (Ptrend < 0.001). A later first child delivery seemed associated with an increased susceptibility: OR of 21 to 25 years old: 1.23 (95% CI = 1.06, 1.40), 26 or older: 1.27 (95% CI = 1.06, 1.52), Ptrend = .010). The use of oral contraceptives appeared to be protective with an OR of 0.69 (95% CI = 0.57, 0.83). Stronger for adenocarcinoma than squamous cell carcinoma, these relationships were not clearly modified by smoking status, probably because of lower prevalence of smoking. This is a first and largest pooling study of lung cancer among Asian women and the results suggested potential roles of hormone-related pathways in the etiology of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rayjean J Hung
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sera Thomas
- Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Adeline Seow
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention & Treatment, Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Woon-Puay Kok
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore.,Health Service and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ming Wu
- Department of Non-communicable Chronic Disease Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Kou Zhao
- Department of Non-communicable Chronic Disease Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,David Geffen School of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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10
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Abstract
Lung cancer is the first cause of death from malignant disease. The distressing epidemiological data show the increasing female to male incidence ratio for this tumor. A high incidence of lung cancer in never smokers with importance of environmental agents makes a problem among women. Adenocarcinoma (ADC) is noted in women with increasing rate and ethnic background impacts female lung cancer with differences in the incidence of genetic aberrations. The conception of different hormonal status is taken into consideration as potential explanation of variant cancer biology and clinical manifestation in women and men. The impact of 17-β-estradiol, estrogen receptors, aromatase expression, pituitary sex hormones receptors in carcinogenesis with relation between estrogens and genetic aberrations are investigated. The response to newest therapies among female is also different than in men. This overview summarizes currently available evidence on the specificity of female lung cancer and presents the direction of necessary studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Domagala-Kulawik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Trojnar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Garon EB, Siegfried JM, Stabile LP, Young PA, Marquez-Garban DC, Park DJ, Patel R, Hu EH, Sadeghi S, Parikh RJ, Reckamp KL, Adams B, Elashoff RM, Elashoff D, Grogan T, Wang HJ, Dacic S, Brennan M, Valdes Y, Davenport S, Dubinett SM, Press MF, Slamon DJ, Pietras RJ. Randomized phase II study of fulvestrant and erlotinib compared with erlotinib alone in patients with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2018; 123:91-98. [PMID: 30089602 PMCID: PMC6118115 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This open-label, randomized phase II trial evaluated antitumor efficacy of an antiestrogen, fulvestrant, in combination with human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, erlotinib, in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC, ECOG 0-2, previous chemotherapy unless patient refusal, and no prior EGFR-directed therapy were randomized 2:1 to erlotinib 150 mg oral daily plus 500 mg intramuscular fulvestrant on day 1, 15, 29 and every 28 days thereafter or erlotinib alone 150 mg oral daily. The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR); secondary endpoints included progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Among 106 randomized patients, 100 received at least one dose of study drug. ORR was 16.4% (11 of 67 patients) for the combination versus 12.1% (4 of 33 patients) for erlotinib (p = 0.77). PFS median 3.5 versus 1.9 months [HR = 0.86, 95% CI (0.52-1.43), p = 0.29] and OS median 9.5 versus 5.8 months [HR = 0.92, 95% CI (0.57-1.48), p = 0.74] numerically favored the combination. In an unplanned subset analysis, among EGFR wild type patients (n = 51), but not EGFR mutant patients (n = 17), median PFS was 3.5 versus 1.7 months [HR = 0.35, 95% CI (0.14-0.86), p = 0.02] and OS was 6.2 versus 5.2 months [HR = 0.72, 95% CI (0.35-1.48), p = 0.37] for combined therapy versus erlotinib, respectively. Notably, EGFR WT patients were more likely to be hormone receptor-positive (either estrogen receptor α- and/or progesterone receptor-positive) compared to EGFR mutant patients (50% versus 9.1%, respectively) (p = 0.03). Treatment was well tolerated with predominant grade 1-2 dermatologic and gastrointestinal adverse effects. CONCLUSION Addition of fulvestrant to erlotinib was well tolerated, with increased activity noted among EGFR wild type patients compared to erlotinib alone, albeit in an unplanned subset analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward B Garon
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2825 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 200, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
| | - Jill M Siegfried
- University of Minnesota, Masonic Cancer Center, 420 Delaware Street SE, NHH 3-112, CCRB 3-130 Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Laura P Stabile
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, 5117 Centre Avenue, Lab 2.7, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Patricia A Young
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2825 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 200, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Diana C Marquez-Garban
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2825 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 200, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - David J Park
- St. Jude Heritage Healthcare, Virginia K. Crosson Cancer Center, 2151 N. Harbor Boulevard, Suite 2200, Fullerton, CA 92835, USA
| | - Ravi Patel
- Comprehensive Blood and Cancer Center, 6501 Truxtun Avenue, Bakersfield, CA 93309, USA
| | - Eddie H Hu
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2825 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 200, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Saeed Sadeghi
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2825 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 200, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Rupesh J Parikh
- Comprehensive Cancer Care Centers of Nevada, 10001 So. Eastern Ave., Suite 108, Henderson, NV 89052, USA
| | | | - Brad Adams
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2825 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 200, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Robert M Elashoff
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2825 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 200, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - David Elashoff
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2825 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 200, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Tristan Grogan
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2825 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 200, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - He-Jing Wang
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2825 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 200, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Sanja Dacic
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, 5117 Centre Avenue, Lab 2.7, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Meghan Brennan
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2825 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 200, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Yacgley Valdes
- Translational Research in Oncology, 8-684 Factor Building, Box 951781, 90095-1781 Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Simon Davenport
- University of Southern California School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1441 Eastlake Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Steven M Dubinett
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2825 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 200, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Michael F Press
- University of Southern California School of Medicine and Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1441 Eastlake Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Dennis J Slamon
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2825 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 200, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Richard J Pietras
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2825 Santa Monica Blvd, Suite 200, Santa Monica, CA, USA
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12
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Ding X, Li L, Tang CH, Meng C, Xu W, Wei X, Guo Z, Zhang T, Fu Y, Zhang L, Wang X, Lin L, Liang J. Cytoplasmic expression of estrogen receptor β may predict poor outcome of EGFR-TKI therapy in metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:2382-2390. [PMID: 30013628 PMCID: PMC6036564 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that estrogen receptors (ER) are expressed in lung cancer cells, and are able to interact with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. However, data on the association between cytoplasmic ER expression and the response to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) treatment are limited. The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations between ERα/ERβ expression and EGFR mutational status and response to TKI treatment in metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. A retrospective study of 126 consecutive patients with lung adenocarcinoma who were diagnosed with stage IV disease and had received EGFR-TKI treatment was conducted. ER expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. EGFR and GTPase KRas (KRAS) mutational statuses were evaluated by denaturing high performance liquid chromatography and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism, respectively. In the overall cohort of 126 lung adenocarcinoma samples analyzed, ERα expression in the nucleus of tumor cells was identified in 17 (18.9%) patients, whereas ERβ expression was identified in the nucleus (22/126, 17.5%) and cytoplasm (17/126, 13.5%). The nuclear expression of ERβ was positively associated with the degree of tumor differentiation (P=0.010). EGFR-sensitizing mutations were significantly associated with improved objective response rates (ORR), disease control rates (DCR), median progression-free survival (mPFS) and median overall survival (mOS) (P<0.001; P<0.001; P=0.003; and P=0.026, respectively). Patients with cytoplasmic ERβ expression exhibited non-significant poorer ORR, DCR, mPFS and mOS compared with patients without cytoplasmic ERβ expression (P=0.082; P=0.106; P=0.084; and P=0.119, respectively). However, the significant decrease of ORR, DCR and mPFS was observed in patients with coexisting cytoplasmic ERβ expression and EGFR-sensitizing mutations (P=0.030; P=0.009; and P=0.018, respectively) in comparison with the subgroup with EGFR sensitizing mutations but negative expression of cytoplasmic ERβ. A trend towards shorter mOS was also observed in patients with coexisting cytoplasmic ERβ expression and EGFR-sensitizing mutations (P=0.071). No KRAS mutations were identified in patients with cytoplasmic ERβ expression. Subsequent to adjusting for sex, smoking status and EGFR mutation status, the Cox repression analysis indicated that cytoplasmic expression of ERβ was a negative independent predictor for mPFS in the whole patient cohort (HR=1.870; 95% confidence interval 1.058–3.305; P=0.031). Cytoplasmic ERβ expression was negatively correlated with the efficacy of EGFR-TKI treatment for metastatic lung adenocarcinoma, particularly for patients with coexisting cytoplasmic ERβ expression and EGFR-sensitizing mutations. Cytoplasmic ERβ may be a promising marker to predict the outcome of EGFR-TKI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosheng Ding
- Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
| | - CHuanhao Tang
- Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
| | - Chao Meng
- Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
| | - Weiran Xu
- Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
| | - Xing Wei
- Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
| | - Ziwei Guo
- Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
| | - Yali Fu
- Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyi Wang
- Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, P.R. China
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13
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Rodriguez-Lara V, Hernandez-Martinez JM, Arrieta O. Influence of estrogen in non-small cell lung cancer and its clinical implications. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:482-497. [PMID: 29600083 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.12.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer death in men worldwide and has significantly increased in women. Differences in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) behavior, prognosis, and response to treatment have been reported by sex and hormonal status, with premenopausal women presenting the worst prognosis compared to postmenopausal women and men. Additionally, the use of hormonal replacement therapy significantly increases NSCLC mortality; supporting the role of estrogen signaling in the pathogenesis of LC. The mechanisms by which estrogen promotes lung carcinogenesis have not been fully elucidated. Estrogen, through its receptor, can stimulate LC cell proliferation, death resistance, angiogenesis, migration and metastasis. Estrogen also induces expression of pro-inflammatory proteins and ligands that promote tumor evasion, suggesting that estrogen might modify the microenvironment and anti-tumor immune response. Recent reports have shown an interaction between the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway and estrogen signaling in lung adenocarcinoma, whence, combined treatment based on tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and antiestrogen therapy is beginning to be evaluated. This review focuses on the differences in NSCLC behavior by sex and hormonal status, highlighting the role of estrogen and its receptors in lung carcinogenesis and LC prognosis. Due to the importance of estrogen in NSCLC development and progression we finally discuss the potential of antiestrogen therapy in LC treatment and show the results from preclinical and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vianey Rodriguez-Lara
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan-Manuel Hernandez-Martinez
- CONACYT-Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico.,Functional Unit of Thoracic Oncology and Laboratory of Personalized Medicine, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Oscar Arrieta
- Functional Unit of Thoracic Oncology and Laboratory of Personalized Medicine, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
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14
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Hsu LH, Chu NM, Kao SH. Estrogen, Estrogen Receptor and Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081713. [PMID: 28783064 PMCID: PMC5578103 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen has been postulated as a contributor for lung cancer development and progression. We reviewed the current knowledge about the expression and prognostic implications of the estrogen receptors (ER) in lung cancer, the effect and signaling pathway of estrogen on lung cancer, the hormone replacement therapy and lung cancer risk and survival, the mechanistic relationship between the ER and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and the relevant clinical trials combining the ER antagonist and the EGFR antagonist, to investigate the role of estrogen in lung cancer. Estrogen and its receptor have the potential to become a prognosticator and a therapeutic target in lung cancer. On the other hand, tobacco smoking aggravates the effect of estrogen and endocrine disruptive chemicals from the environment targeting ER may well contribute to the lung carcinogenesis. They have gradually become important issues in the course of preventive medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Han Hsu
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University Medical School, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Nei-Min Chu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Huei Kao
- Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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15
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Ding X, Tang C, Wang Z, Liang J. [Recent Advances in Association of Estrogen and Non-small Cell Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2017; 20:499-504. [PMID: 28738967 PMCID: PMC5972945 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2017.07.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
肺癌是目前发病率及死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤之一,其中约85%为非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)。尽管其治疗手段不断提高,但总体预后不容乐观。既往研究已证实雌激素系统参与了NSCLC的发生、发展。越来越多的证据表明,抗雌激素治疗不仅可以逆转NSCLC患者对铂类化疗药物的耐药性,还可以增加人类表皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的疗效。本文就雌激素系统及抗雌激素治疗在NSCLC中的作用作一综述。
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosheng Ding
- Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Chuanhao Tang
- Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhijie Wang
- Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Oncology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
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