Effect of the miR-96-5p inhibitor and mimic on the migration and invasion of the SW480-7 colorectal cancer cell line

LIM-domain binding protein 2 was down-regulated by miRNA-96-5p inhibited the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of lung cancer H1299 cells

OBJECTIVES

Lung cancer was one of the most common malignancies around the world. It has great significance in to search for the mechanism of occurrence and development of lung cancer. LIM Domain Binding protein 2 (LDB2) belongs to the LIM-domain binding family, it can be used as a binding protein that combined with other transcription factors to form the transcription complex for regulating the expression of target genes. The expression of microRNA-96-5p (miR-96-5p) has been investigated in various tumors. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential role of LDB2 and miR-96-5p in lung cancer.

METHODS

Real-time quantitative PCR was applied to detect the expression of LDB2 and miR-96-5p. The proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of H1299 cells were analyzed by CCK8, transwell, and wound healing assay after LDB2 or miR-96-5p transfection. Luciferase activities assay and western blot were used to reveal the targeted regulation between LDB2 and miR-96-5p.

RESULTS

Here the authors found LDB2 was down-regulated in lung cancer tissues and negatively correlated with miR-96-5p expression, it could promote or inhibit the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of H1299 cells after LDB2 knockdown or overexpression and regulate the expression of cyclinD1, MMP9, Bcl-2, and Bax via ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Furthermore, miR-96-5p exerted its function by directly binding to 3'-UTR of LDB2 and regulating expression of LDB2. miR-96-5p could promote the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of H1299 cells.

CONCLUSION

These findings demonstrate that LDB2 can act as a new regulator to inhibit cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis via the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, and miR-96-5p may be a potential promising molecular by targeting LDB2 in lung cancer.

Intrathecal Injection of the Secretome from ALS Motor Neurons Regulated for miR-124 Expression Prevents Disease Outcomes in SOD1-G93A Mice

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease with short life expectancy and no effective therapy. We previously identified upregulated miR-124 in NSC-34-motor neurons (MNs) expressing human SOD1-G93A (mSOD1) and established its implication in mSOD1 MN degeneration and glial cell activation. When anti-miR-124-treated mSOD1 MN (preconditioned) secretome was incubated in spinal cord organotypic cultures from symptomatic mSOD1 mice, the dysregulated homeostatic balance was circumvented. To decipher the therapeutic potential of such preconditioned secretome, we intrathecally injected it in mSOD1 mice at the early stage of the disease (12-week-old). Preconditioned secretome prevented motor impairment and was effective in counteracting muscle atrophy, glial reactivity/dysfunction, and the neurodegeneration of the symptomatic mSOD1 mice. Deficits in corticospinal function and gait abnormalities were precluded, and the loss of gastrocnemius muscle fiber area was avoided. At the molecular level, the preconditioned secretome enhanced NeuN mRNA/protein expression levels and the PSD-95/TREM2/IL-10/arginase 1/MBP/PLP genes, thus avoiding the neuronal/glial cell dysregulation that characterizes ALS mice. It also prevented upregulated GFAP/Cx43/S100B/vimentin and inflammatory-associated miRNAs, specifically miR-146a/miR-155/miR-21, which are displayed by symptomatic animals. Collectively, our study highlights the intrathecal administration of the secretome from anti-miR-124-treated mSOD1 MNs as a therapeutic strategy for halting/delaying disease progression in an ALS mouse model.

MicroRNAs and 'Sponging' Competitive Endogenous RNAs Dysregulated in Colorectal Cancer: Potential as Noninvasive Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract in mammals is comprised of dozens of cell types with varied functions, structures, and histological locations that respond in a myriad of ways to epigenetic and genetic factors, environmental cues, diet, and microbiota. The homeostatic functioning of these cells contained within this complex organ system has been shown to be highly regulated by the effect of microRNAs (miRNA). Multiple efforts have uncovered that these miRNAs are often tightly influential in either the suppression or overexpression of inflammatory, apoptotic, and differentiation-related genes and proteins in a variety of cell types in colorectal cancer (CRC). The early detection of CRC and other GI cancers can be difficult, attributable to the invasive nature of prophylactic colonoscopies. Additionally, the levels of miRNAs associated with CRC in biofluids can be contradictory and, therefore, must be considered in the context of other inhibiting competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) such as lncRNAs and circRNAs. There is now a high demand for disease treatments and noninvasive screenings such as testing for bloodborne or fecal miRNAs and their inhibitors/targets. The breadth of this review encompasses current literature on well-established CRC-related miRNAs and the possibilities for their use as biomarkers in the diagnoses of this potentially fatal GI cancer.

Screening of MicroRNA Related to Irradiation Response and the Regulation Mechanism of miRNA-96-5p in Rectal Cancer Cells

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has been widely used in the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer due to the excellent advantages of irradiation in cancer therapy. Unfortunately, not every patient can benefit from this treatment, therefore, it is of great significance to explore biomarkers that can predict irradiation sensitivity. In this study, we screened microRNAs (miRNAs) which were positively correlated with irradiation resistance and found that miRNA-552 and miRNA-183 families were positively correlated with the irradiation resistance of rectal cancer, and found that high expression of miRNA-96-5p enhanced the irradiation resistance of rectal cancer cells through direct regulation of the GPC3 gene and abnormal activation of the canonical Wnt signal transduction pathway. Based on the radioreactivity results of patient-derived xenograft models, this is the first screening report for radio-resistant biomarkers in rectal cancer. Our results suggest that miRNA-96-5p expression is an important factor affecting the radiation response of colorectal cancer cells.

MicroRNA-96-5p Facilitates the Viability, Migration, and Invasion and Suppresses the Apoptosis of Cervical Cancer Cells byNegatively Modulating SFRP4

PURPOSE

The current study was intended to research the functional role and regulatory mechanism of microRNA-96-5p in the progression of cervical cancer.

METHODS

MicroRNA-96-5p expression in cervical cancer tissues was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The association between microRNA-96-5p expression and clinicopathological features of patients with cervical cancer was analyzed. MTT, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell assay were performed to evaluate the viability, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of Hela and SiHa cells. Targetscan, dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, and RNA pull-down analysis were constructed to evaluate the target relationship between microRNA-96-5p and secreted frizzled-related protein 4.

RESULTS

MicroRNA-96-5p was overexpressed in cervical cancer tissues, and microRNA-96-5p expression was markedly associated with the clinical stage and lymph node metastasis of patients with cervical cancer. Overexpressed microRNA-96-5p facilitated the viability, migration, invasion, and inhibited the apoptosis of Hela and SiHa cells, whereas suppression of microRNA-96-5p exerted the opposite trend. Secreted frizzled-related protein 4 was proved to be a target of microRNA-96-5p. Silencing of secreted frizzled-related protein 4 eliminated the anti-tumor effect of microRNA-96-5p on cervical cancer cells.

CONCLUSIONS

MicroRNA-96-5p facilitated the viability, migration, and invasion and inhibited the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells via negatively regulating secreted frizzled-related protein 4.

Overexpression of PAX8-AS1 Inhibits Malignant Phenotypes of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cells via miR-96-5p/PKN2 Axis

BACKGROUND

Thyroid carcinoma (THCA) is the most frequent endocrine malignancy. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the major subtype of THCA, accounting for over 80% of all THCA cases. LncRNA PAX8-AS1, a tumor suppressor associated with various human cancers, has been reported to be relevant to the regulation of all sorts of cellular processes. The purpose of this study was to verify the role of PAX8-AS1 in PTC.

METHODS

Three human PTC cell lines (K1, TPC-1, and IHH4) and one normal human thyroid cell line, Nthy-ori3-1, were used in our study. The expression of genes was detected by qRT-PCR. The bioinformatic analysis and luciferase reporter assay were used to confirm the binding relationship of PAX8-AS1 to miR-96-5p, and the targeting relationship of miR-96-5p to PKN2 was also predicted. Cell proliferation and apoptosis capacities were assessed by MTT and flow cytometry, respectively. EdU assay was used to detect cell proliferation. Western blot assay was employed to examine protein expression.

RESULTS

The expression of PAX8-AS1 was decreased in PTC tissues and cells. PAX8-AS1 overexpression inhibited the proliferation of PTC cells and promoted cell apoptosis. In addition, PAX8-AS1 bonds with miR-96-5p, whose downregulation elevated the expression of PKN2 in PTC cells. Importantly, according to the rescue experiments, PKN2 silencing partially reversed the inhibitory effects of PAX8-AS1 expression on PTC cell proliferation and apoptosis.

CONCLUSIONS

We found that the PAX8-AS1/miR-96-5p/PKN2 axis was closely related to the progression of PTC, which could be a potential target for treating PTC patients.

microRNA-96 promotes occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer via regulation of the AMPKα2-FTO-m6A/MYC axis

BACKGROUND

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the frequently occurred malignancies in the world. To date, several onco-microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs), including miR-96, have been identified in the pathogenesis of CRC. In the present study, we aimed to corroborate the oncogenic effect of miR-96 on CRC and to identify the specific mechanisms related to AMPKα2/FTO/m6A/MYC.

METHODS

RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis were performed to examine the expression pattern of miR-96, AMPKα2, FTO and MYC in the clinical CRC tissues and cells. The relationship between miR-96 and AMPKα2 was then predicted using in silico analysis and identified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Gain- or loss-of-function approaches were manipulated to evaluate the modulatory effects of miR-96, AMPKα2, FTO and MYC on cell growth, cycle progression and apoptosis. The mechanism of FTO-mediated m6A modification of MYC was analyzed via Me-RIP and PAR-CLIP analysis. The mediatory effects of miR-96 antagomir on cancerogenesis were validated in vivo.

RESULTS

miR-96, FTO and MYC were upregulated, while AMPKα2 was downregulated in CRC tissues and cells. miR-96 could down-regulate AMPKα2, which led to increased expression of FTO and subsequent upregulated expression of MYC via blocking its m6A modification. This mechanism was involved in the pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic roles of miR-96 in CRC cells. Besides, down-regulation of miR-96 exerted inhibitory effect on tumor growth in vivo.

CONCLUSIONS

Taken together, miR-96 antagomir could potentially retard the cancerogenesis in CRC via AMPKα2-dependent inhibition of FTO and blocking FTO-mediated m6A modification of MYC, highlighting novel mechanisms associated with colorectal cancerogenesis.

An in silico approach to identify and prioritize miRNAs target sites polymorphisms in colorectal cancer and obesity

Colorectal cancer (CRC) and obesity are linked clinical entities with a series of complex processes being engaged in their development. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) participate in these processes through regulating CRC and obesity‐related genes. This study aimed to develop an in silico approach to systematically identify and prioritize miRNAs target sites polymorphisms in obesity and CRC. Data from genome‐wide association studies (GWASs) were used to retrieve CRC and obesity‐associated variants. The polymorphisms that were resided in experimentally verified or computationally predicted miRNA target sites were retrieved and prioritized using a range of bioinformatics analyses. We found 6284 CRC and 38931 obesity unique variants. For CRC 33 haplotypes variants in 134 interactions were in miRNA targetome, while for obesity we found more than 935 unique interactions. Functionally prioritized SNPs revealed that, SNPs in 153 obesity and 50 CRC unique interactions were have disruptive effects on miRNA:mRNA integration by changing on target RNA secondary structure. Structural accessibility of target sites were decreased in 418 and 103 unique interactions and increased in 516 and 79 interactions, for obesity and CRC, respectively. The miRNA:mRNA hybrid stability was increased in 127 and 17 unique interactions and decreased in 33 and 24 interactions for the effect of obesity and CRC SNPs, respectively. In this study, seven SNPs with 15 interactions and three SNPs with four interactions were prioritized for obesity and CRC, respectively. These SNPs could be used for future studies for finding potential biomarkers for diagnoses, prognosis, or treatment of CRC and obesity.

miR-96-5p Suppresses the Progression of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma by Targeting CDK1

Background

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor that occurs in the nasopharyngeal mucosa. Clinically, radiotherapy is the preferred treatment for NPC, and cervical lymph node metastasis is easy to emerge in the early stage. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role and potential molecular mechanisms of miR-96-5p in NPC cells to develop new therapeutic horizons.

Methods

The expression of miR-96-5p and CDK1 was measured by RT-qPCR or Western blot. The target relationship between miR-96-5p and CDK1 was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. CCK-8, sphere formation, flow cytometry and colony formation assay were employed to examine cell viability, stem-like property, apoptosis and cycle, respectively. Male BALB/c nude mice model (6-8 weeks, weigh 18-20 g) was used to evaluate the effect of miR-96-5p on tumor growth in vivo.

Results

miR-96-5p was lowly expressed and CDK1 was highly expressed in NPC tissues and cell lines. CDK1 was identified as a direct target of miR-96-5p, and its expression was negatively regulated by miR-96-5p. By targeting CDK1, miR-96-5p overexpression significantly inhibited tumor sphere formation, promoted apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in CNE-2Z cells. Importantly, CCK-8 and colony formation assay demonstrated that elevated miR-96-5p enhanced the radiotherapy and chemotherapy sensitivity of CNE-2Z cells. Animal experiments showed that the overexpression of miR-96-5p reduced tumor weight and size in tumor-bearing mice and inhibited the expression of stem-like marker proteins and apoptosis-related proteins.

Conclusion

These results, together, suggested that miR-96-5p induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, inhibited stem-like property, and enhanced the radiochemical sensitivity of NPC by targeting CDK1. In short, miR-96-5p may be a diagnostic and therapeutic target for NPC.

MiR-96 promotes apoptosis of nucleus pulpous cells by targeting FRS2

This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism by which microRNA (miR)-96 regulates the progression of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). The expression of miR-96 in normal intervertebral discs and in IDD was detected by performing reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. CCK8 assay was applied to examine the proliferation of nucleus pulpous (NP) cells and flow cytometry was used to evaluate the cell apoptosis and cell cycle profile. In addition, the immunofluorescence analysis was employed to detect cell proliferation. The expressions of proteins were assessed by western blot analysis. TargetScan and miRDB were used to predict the target genes of miR-96. The results indicated that miR-96 expression was upregulated in IDD compared with normal intervertebral discs. Overexpression of miR-96 could significantly inhibit the proliferation of NP cells via inducing apoptosis and G1 arrest. In addition, fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate 2 (FRS2) was identified as the target of miR-96 and overexpression of FRS2 could revere the effect of miR-96 mimics in NP cells. Therefore, these findings demonstrated that miR-96 plays a critical role during the progression of IDD and miR-96 may serve as a target for the treatment of IDD.