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Taghizadeh SF, Rezaee R, Badiebostan H, Giesy JP, Karimi G. Occurrence of mycotoxins in rice consumed by Iranians: a probabilistic assessment of risk to health. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2019; 37:342-354. [PMID: 31810432 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2019.1684572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Risks based on cancer and non-cancer endpoints, to Iranians from exposure to several mycotoxins (aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin, deoxynivalenol and T-2 toxin) following consumption of rice were evaluated. Point estimates of hazard were made for each mycotoxin and a hazard index (HI) and probabilistic estimates were based on results of Monte Carlo Simulations (MCS). All known 17 peer-reviewed studies, published in databases included in Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, as well as grey literature published in Google Scholar from 2008 to 2017 were considered. The 95th and 50th centiles of Hazard Index (HI) in Iranians due to ingestion of rice were estimated to be 2.5 and 0.5, respectively. The 95th and 50th centiles of people with positive surface antigens for hepatitis B (HBsAg+) risk characterisation for AFB1 in Iranian consumers of rice were 81 and 79.1, respectively. The 95th and 50th centiles for risks of Iranians negative for the surface antigen of hepatitis B HBsAg (HBsAg-) were 4.4 and 2.6, respectively. Based on results of the MCS for risks to cancer effects, the 95th and 50th centiles of margins of exposure (MOE) were 233 and 231, respectively. Therefore, it is recommended to update agricultural approaches and storage methods and implement monitoring and regulations based on risks to health posed by consumption of rice by the Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Faezeh Taghizadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ramin Rezaee
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.,HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Hasan Badiebostan
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - John P Giesy
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.,Department of Zoology and Center for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Mousa W, Ghazali FM, Jinap S, Ghazali HM, Radu S. Sorption isotherms and isosteric heats of sorption of Malaysian paddy. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2014; 51:2656-63. [PMID: 25328208 PMCID: PMC4190263 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-012-0799-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the water sorption characteristics of cereal is extremely essential for optimizing the drying process and ensuring storage stability. Water relation of rough rice was studied at 20, 30, 40 and 50 °C over relative humidity (RH.) between 0.113 and 0.976 using the gravimetric technique. The isotherms displayed the general sigmoid, Type II pattern and exhibited the phenomenon of hysteresis where it was more pronounced at lower temperatures. The sorption characteristics were temperature dependence where the sorption capacity of the paddy increased as the temperature was decreased at fixed (RH). Among the models assessed for their ability to fit the sorption data, Oswin equation was the best followed by the third order polynomial, GAB, Smith, Chung-Pfost, and Henderson models. The monolayer moisture content was higher for desorption than adsorption and tend to decrease with the increase in temperature. Given the temperature dependence of the sorption isotherms the isosteric heats of sorption were calculated using Claussius-Clapeyron equation. The net isosteric heats decreased as the moisture content was increased and heats of desorption were greater than that of adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Mousa
- />Center of Excellence for Food Safety Research (CEFSR), Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Farinazleen Mohamad. Ghazali
- />Center of Excellence for Food Safety Research (CEFSR), Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - S. Jinap
- />Center of Excellence for Food Safety Research (CEFSR), Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Hasanah Mohd. Ghazali
- />Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Son Radu
- />Center of Excellence for Food Safety Research (CEFSR), Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
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Battilani P, Rossi V, Giorni P, Pietri A, Gualla A, van der Fels‐Klerx H, Booij C, Moretti A, Logrieco A, Miglietta F, Toscano P, Miraglia M, De Santis B, Brera C. Modelling, predicting and mapping the emergence of aflatoxins in cereals in the EU due to climate change. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.2903/sp.efsa.2012.en-223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Battilani
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Faculty of Agriculture Italy
| | - V. Rossi
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Faculty of Agriculture Italy
| | - P. Giorni
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Faculty of Agriculture Italy
| | - A. Pietri
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Faculty of Agriculture Italy
| | - A. Gualla
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Faculty of Agriculture Italy
| | | | | | - A. Moretti
- Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Italy
| | - A. Logrieco
- Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Italy
| | - F. Miglietta
- Institute of Biometeorology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Italy
| | - P. Toscano
- Institute of Biometeorology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Italy
| | | | | | - C. Brera
- Italian Institute of Health Italy
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