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Kabiri B, Hidarnia AR, Alavijeh MM, Motlagh ME. Mothers' role in promoting oral health in children aged 6 months to 1 year. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:3273-3276. [PMID: 34760743 PMCID: PMC8565114 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_404_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: It is essential for parents, and especially mothers, to become aware of the factors that affect oral health-promoting behaviors in children through behavior change theories. This study aimed to determine mothers’ role in improving children's oral health based on the health belief model (HBM). Methods: The population of this descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional study comprised 240 mothers in Ilam (Iran), selected via stratified random sampling. The data collection instrument was a self-report questionnaire with two sections, including seven demographic and contextual questions, four items for perceived severity, four items for perceived benefits, four items for perceived barriers, three items for cues to action, and five items for perceived self-efficacy. The data were analyzed in SPSS 21 by using descriptive and inferential statistics, including independent samples t-test, linear regression analysis, and Pearson correlation coefficient, at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The participants aged 20–47 with a mean of 31.8 ± 5.67 years. The linear regression analysis indicated that the constructs of perceived severity (B = 0.073, P < 0.001), perceived benefits (B = 0.013, P < 0.001), perceived barriers (B = 0.111, P < 0.01), cues to action (B = 0.517, P < 0.001), and perceived self-efficacy (B = 0.292, P < 0.001) explained 55% of the variance of behavioral intention. Conclusion: With respect to the effects of perceived barriers and perceived severity on predicting oral health behaviors, effective outcomes can be achieved by emphasizing these two constructs in educational programs based on the HBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Kabiri
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Hidarnia
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei Alavijeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Islamic Studies and Health Sciences Interdisciplinary Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Family-Centered Social Cognitive Factors Preventing Primary Tooth Caries in Children Based on Intervention Mapping Approach. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6626090. [PMID: 34113680 PMCID: PMC8154306 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6626090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Given the increasing prevalence of primary tooth caries in Iran and the importance of providing evidence- and theory-based family-centered prevention programs, the present study is aimed at determining the family-centered social cognitive factors preventing deciduous tooth caries among children using the intervention mapping protocol. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on 240 Iranian mothers in Ilam who were randomly selected to participate in the study. The data were collected using a self-designed questionnaire including items on demographic information and social cognitive constructs (knowledge, attitude, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, practice guidance, perceived self-efficacy, behavior intention, subjective norms, and social norms). The questionnaire was completed by mothers, and the data were analyzed by performing one-way analysis of variance and linear regression. Results The results obtained from linear regression analysis showed that perceived self-efficacy (B = 0.295, p < 0.001), perceived barriers (B = 0.084, p < 0.028), practice guidance (B = 0.774, p < 0.001), and social norms (B = 0.137, p < 0.020) accounted for 71% of the behavioral intention variance and were the most important predictors for preventing primary tooth caries among children. Conclusion The findings suggest that perceived self-efficacy, perceived barriers, practice guidance, and social norms are essential for developing family-centered programs to prevent primary tooth caries in children.
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Harmon BE, Strayhorn SM, West NT, Schmidt M, Webb BL, Grant L, Smith S. Strategies for Designing Clergy and Spouse Obesity-Related Programs. Am J Health Promot 2020; 35:399-408. [PMID: 32985232 DOI: 10.1177/0890117120960574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Clergy have influence on the health of congregations and communities yet struggle with health behaviors. Interventions tailored to their occupation-specific demands and unique needs may provide a solution. Qualitative methods were used to identify opportunities and resources for the development of an effective obesity-related program for clergy. APPROACH Ninety-minute focus groups were held with clergy (3 groups) and spouses (3 separate groups). Discussion explored: Program target(s); Opportunities and barriers that influence diet, physical activity, and stress-reduction practices; Empowering and culturally relevant health promotion strategies. SETTING All study activities took place in Memphis, TN. PARTICIPANTS Eighteen clergy and fourteen spouses participated. All clergy were male, all spouses were female. METHOD Previous research with clergy informed the interview guide and the PEN-3 framework aided in organizing the coding of clergy and spouse focus groups. Focus groups were audio recorded and transcripts analyzed using NVivo® 12. RESULTS Themes included: 1) Intervention targets-clergy, spouses, congregations; 2) Opportunities and barriers-making time, establishing boundaries, church traditions, individuals who support and hinder behavior change; 3) Intervention strategies-tools for healthy eating, goal setting, camaraderie, combining face-to-face with eHealth modalities. CONCLUSION The relationship between clergy, spouse, and congregation make it important for obesity-related programs to target the unique needs of both clergy and spouses. Strategies should focus on healthy eating and personal connections no matter the modality used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brook E Harmon
- Nutrition and Health Care Management, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA.,School of Public Health, 5415University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Shaila M Strayhorn
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, 14681University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nathan T West
- School of Public Health, 5415University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Michael Schmidt
- Department of Art, 5415University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Benjamin L Webb
- Department of Applied Health, 33140Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, Edwardsville, TN, USA
| | - Lindsey Grant
- School of Public Health, 5415University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Stacy Smith
- The Center of Excellence in Faith and Health Equity, 5416Methodist Le Bonheur Healthcare, Memphis, TN, USA
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DiMillo J, Hall N, Khanna M, Maheu C, Körner A. Skin Self-Examination: Partner Comfort and Support During Examinations as Predictors of Self-Efficacy in Patients At Risk for Melanoma Recurrence. Clin J Oncol Nurs 2019; 23:397-404. [PMID: 31322615 DOI: 10.1188/19.cjon.397-404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin self-examination (SSE) is an effective method for melanoma survivors to detect potential cancerous growths sooner. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to examine whether the SSE self-efficacy of patients with melanoma and their partners is affected by their partners' comfort and support during skin examinations. METHODS 100 patient-partner dyads completed a 25-item sociodemographic questionnaire. Fifty-two partners attended an education session with the patient on skin examinations and the early detection of melanoma. All patients attended the education session. FINDINGS Having their partners attend the education session, as well as being supportive and comfortable with skin examinations, significantly predicted patients' self-efficacy with SSEs. In addition, male patients were found to be significantly more comfortable with partner-assisted skin examinations and reported feeling more supported by their partner than female patients.
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Hepburn M. The Variables Associated With Health Promotion Behaviors Among Urban Black Women. J Nurs Scholarsh 2018; 50:353-366. [DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Millie Hepburn
- Assistant Professor, Quinnipiac University, North Haven Campus; School of Nursing; North Haven CT USA
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DiMillo J, Brosseau DC, Gomez-Garibello C, Hall NC, Ezer H, Wang B, Körner A. Self-efficacy and comfort with partner-assisted skin examination in patients receiving follow-up care for melanoma. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2017; 32:174-183. [PMID: 28334997 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyx037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the role of interpersonal variables on melanoma survivors' self-efficacy for performing skin self-examinations (SSEs) during melanoma follow-up care. Specifically, the impact of comfort with partner assistance for SSE, SSE support received from one's partner, general partner support, relationship satisfaction, as well as partner attendance at a SSE education session, were examined. One hundred and thirty-seven patients with melanoma between the ages of 18 and 70 years, who also reported being involved in a romantic relationship, received a standardized education on SSE, and completed self-report questionnaires. Results indicate that SSE support and SSE comfort predicted patients' SSE self-efficacy. Partner attendance at the SSE education moderated the relationship between SSE comfort and SSE self-efficacy. In other words, SSE self-efficacy was found to be affected by partner attendance at the SSE education only in cases where the patient reported lower levels of comfort having his or her partner assist with SSE. Results highlight the importance of partner involvement in SSE education, as well as patient comfort with a partner's assistance during skin examinations. Findings inform potential modifications to the follow-up care provided to melanoma survivors by demonstrating the importance of partner involvement in SSE education.
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Affiliation(s)
- J DiMillo
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1Y2, Canada
| | - D C Brosseau
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1Y2, Canada
| | - C Gomez-Garibello
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1Y2, Canada
| | - N C Hall
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1Y2, Canada
| | - H Ezer
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montréal H3A 2Z7, Canada
| | - B Wang
- Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - A Körner
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1Y2, Canada
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Hammerback K, Hannon PA, Harris JR, Clegg-Thorp C, Kohn M, Parrish A. Perspectives on Workplace Health Promotion Among Employees in Low-Wage Industries. Am J Health Promot 2015; 29:384-92. [PMID: 25162321 PMCID: PMC5070972 DOI: 10.4278/ajhp.130924-qual-495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Study goals were to (1) understand the attitudes of employees in low-wage industries toward workplace health promotion, including views on appropriateness of employer involvement in employee health and level of interest in workplace health promotion overall and in specific programs, and (2) determine the potential for extending workplace health promotion to spouses and partners of these employees. APPROACH The study used 42 interviews of 60 to 90 minutes. SETTING Interviews were conducted with couples (married or living together) in the Seattle/King County metropolitan area of Washington State. PARTICIPANTS Study participants were forty-two couples with one or more members working in one of five low-wage industries: accommodation/food services, education, health care/social assistance, manufacturing, and retail trade. METHOD The study employed qualitative analysis of interview transcripts using grounded theory to identify themes. RESULTS Employees consider workplace health promotion both appropriate and desirable and believe it benefits employers through increased productivity and morale. Most have little personal experience with it and doubt their employers would prioritize employee health. Employees are most interested in efforts focused on nutrition and physical activity. Both employees and their partners support extending workplace health promotion to include partners. CONCLUSION Employees and their partners are interested in workplace health promotion if it addresses behaviors they care about. Concern over employer involvement in their personal health decisions is minimal; instead, employees view employer interest in their health as a sign that they are valued.
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Padden DL, Connors RA, Posey SM, Ricciardi R, Agazio JG. Factors Influencing a Health Promoting Lifestyle in Spouses of Active Duty Military. Health Care Women Int 2013; 34:674-93. [DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2012.736572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Ko YH, Kim S, Kim GS, Chang SB. Mammography Screening according to Breast Cancer Disease and Social Network Characteristics of Married Korean Women. KOREAN JOURNAL OF WOMEN HEALTH NURSING 2011; 17:157-168. [PMID: 37697565 DOI: 10.4069/kjwhn.2011.17.2.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was done to examine differences in mammography screening according to breast cancer and social network characteristic. METHODS Data were collected from 187 married women 35 years and older who were using public health centers, health promotion centers, cultural centers, obstetrics and gynecology hospitals or other relevant community sites. Data were collected between October 24 and December 4, 2008. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 15.0 program. RESULTS The participation rate for mammography screening was 35.3%. The following general and breast cancer characteristics showed statistically significant differences: religion, family incomes, regular medical-care, general health examinations during past 2 years, and history of breast disease. The following social network characteristics showed statistically significant differences: social norms and subjective norms. Using logistic regression analysis, regular medical-care, breast cancer risk appraisal, social norm, and subjective norms were highly predictive of subsequent mammography. CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that it is important to develop and provide tailored intervention programs through integrated socially mediated programs. By consciously including social network and support systems, breast cancer detection efforts would not end as a one-time event, but naturally build on network structure of adults women, thus facilitating regular mammography screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hee Ko
- College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Korea
| | - Sue Kim
- College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Korea
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Caro FG, Porell FW, Kwan N. Expectancies and Ownership of Long-Term Care Insurance Policies Among Older Married Couples. J Appl Gerontol 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/0733464810376374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was concerned with perceived risk of need for long-term care (LTC) as a factor in decisions among older married couples to purchase or retain LTC insurance policies. The study examined the relationship between expectancies of moving to a nursing home and ownership of private LTC insurance policies among married couples in which both partners were at least aged 65. Data from the 2002 and 2004 Health and Retirement Study were analyzed. Higher subjective probabilities of moving to a nursing home within the next 5 years among both primary respondents and spouses were positively associated with the primary respondent’s possession of private LTC insurance. The findings add to evidence that among married older people decisions to purchase and retain LTC insurance policies are made jointly. For public education efforts to encourage planning to address LTC financing, the results underscore the importance of attention to the joint concerns of married couples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ngai Kwan
- University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA
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The health and relationship dynamics of late-life couples: a systematic review of the literature. AGEING & SOCIETY 2009. [DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x08007903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTLate-life husband and wife relationships are increasingly recognised as an important factor in promoting wellbeing, particularly in terms of the health, social, emotional, financial and practical needs of older people. Knowledge of marital dynamics and how they affect both members of a couple remains scarce. This systematic review aimed to identify and appraise research that has focused explicitly on the dynamics of the relationship, as evinced by data frombothspouses. Implementing rigorous identification strategies, 45 articles were identified and reviewed. These studies were grouped into three broad thematic areas: marital relations and satisfaction; concordance in emotional state or physical health; and the interplay between marital quality and wellbeing. The issues found to affect marital relations and satisfaction in late life included equality of roles, having adequate communication, and transitions to living apart. There is strong evidence for couple concordance in depression, that marital relationships affect ill-health, longevity and recovery from illness, and reciprocally that ill-health impacts on the marriage itself. The research also suggests important gender differences in the impact of marital dynamics on health. It has led to the conclusion that there is a need for more diverse studies of late-life marriages, particularly ones that examine the dynamics of non-traditional elderly couples and that extend beyond a predominant focus on the Caucasian population of the United States.
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Williams BR, Sawyer P, Roseman JM, Allman RM. Marital status and health: exploring pre-widowhood. J Palliat Med 2008; 11:848-56. [PMID: 18715177 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2007.0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health and function vary by marital status across the life-course, but little is known about older adults approaching spousal loss (pre-widowed). OBJECTIVE To explore health and function by marital status focusing on the pre-widowed and to examine factors associated with shorter time to spousal loss. PARTICIPANTS, DESIGN, AND MEASUREMENTS: We used 3 years of data from African American and white community-dwelling older adults in the UAB Study of Aging (N = 1000). Participants were categorized as "continuously married" (married at baseline and 3 years), "widowed" (widowed at baseline), "single" (never married/divorced); and "pre-widowed" (married at baseline and widowed within 3 years). Assessments included sociodemographic characteristics, and measures of depression, anxiety, life-space mobility, and self-reported health. chi(2) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to examine baseline differences. Using Cox regression, we explored factors having independent and significant associations with shorter time to spousal loss among married older adults. RESULTS There were significant differences by marital status category for sociodemographic factors, health, and function. Pre-widows differed from other categories by sociodemographic characteristics as well as levels of depression, anxiety and self-reported health. Among married older adults, being female and having lower self-reported health at baseline were independent significant hazards for shorter time to widowhood; while rural residence and providing spousal care were independent significant hazards for a longer progression to widowhood. CONCLUSIONS Health deficits associated with spousal bereavement may be evident earlier in the marital transition than previously thought, warranting attention to the health of elderly persons whose spouses have chronic/life-limiting conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverly R Williams
- Birmingham/Atlanta [corrected] Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama 35233, USA.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Recent research findings from selected publications focusing on links between social support and physical health are summarized. RECENT FINDINGS Current research is extending our understanding of the influences of social support on health. Many epidemiological studies have concentrated on further linking measures of social support to physical health outcomes. A few studies are now moving into newer areas, such as emphasizing health links with support receipt and provision. Researchers are also interested in outlining relevant pathways, including potential biological (i.e. inflammation) and behavioral (i.e. health behaviors) mechanisms. Interventions attempting to apply basic research on the positive effects of social support are also widespread. Although the longer term effects of such interventions on physical health remain to be determined, such interventions show promise in influencing the quality of life in many chronic disease populations. SUMMARY Recent findings often show a robust relationship in which social and emotional support from others can be protective for health. The next generation of studies must explain, however, why this relationship exists and the specificity of such links. This research is in its infancy but will be crucial in order to better tailor support interventions that can impact on physical health outcomes.
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