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Duan X, Liao B, Liu X, Chen R. Efficacy of metformin adjunctive therapy as the treatment for non-diabetic patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A Systematic review and Meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 28:45. [PMID: 37405073 PMCID: PMC10315409 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_792_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Currently, the anticancer effects of metformin on different types of lung cancer have been frequently studied. However, the relationship between metformin and prognosis in nondiabetic patients with lung cancer remains controversial. To systematically evaluate the efficacy of metformin adjunctive therapy as the treatment for nondiabetic patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to provide an evidence-based reference for clinical medication. Materials and Methods The literatures related to Phase II or III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of metformin adjunctive therapy in nondiabetic patients with advanced NSCLC, including EMBASE, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus database, were retrieved by computer, and the search time ranged from January 2017 to August 2022. The risk of bias assessment tool recommended by Cochrane Systematic Evaluator Manual 5.1.0 was used to evaluate the quality of the RCTs included. Rev Man 5.3 software and STATA15.0 were used for meta-analysis. Results A total of 8 studies were included (925 patients). Meta-analysis results showed that there were no significant differences in progression-free survival (PFS) (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.66-1.36, P = 0.77), overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.61-1.30, P = 0.55, n =7), objective response rate (ORR) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.37, 95% CI: 0.76-2.46, P = 0.30), and 1-year PFS rate (OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.39-1.94, P = 0.73, n = 3). Sensitivity analysis showed that PFS and OS indexes were stable. Conclusion Metformin adjunctive therapy can improve the DCR of nondiabetic patients with advanced NSCLC. In addition, the patients cannot obtain a prolonged PFS, OS, 1-year PFS rate, and higher ORR rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Duan
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Binbin Liao
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Ruixiang Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
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Liu Y, Han D, Ma Q, Zheng Y, Lin Y, Yang C, Yang L. Prognostic value of NOX2 as a potential biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma using TCGA and clinical validation. Mol Med Rep 2023; 27:48. [PMID: 36633128 PMCID: PMC9879073 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.12935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is associated with high morbidity and mortality; therefore, effective biomarkers are essential. In recent years, a rapid increase in the efficiency of high‑throughput sequencing technologies and the continuous improvement of comprehensive online databases have facilitated the study of the genomic changes that affect tumor progression, including the identification of tumor biomarkers. Therefore, the identification of genes that may affect the progression and prognosis of LUAD is necessary. In the present study, the CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE bioinformatics packages were used to evaluate data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, including assessment of the proportion of tumor‑infiltrating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, Cox regression analysis of differentially expressed genes and cross analysis of protein‑protein interaction networks. Myeloid cell NADPH oxidase isoform 2 (NOX2), an indispensable gene in the immune system, was demonstrated to serve a vital role in LUAD pathogenesis. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry confirmed that, at the protein level, NOX2 expression was increased in normal cells compared with cancer cells. Furthermore, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR results at the mRNA level were consistent with these results, which confirmed that the abundance of NOX2 was significantly reduced in LUAD patients. NOX2 may be used as a novel marker and an independent prognostic indicator of LUAD. Its potential function was enriched in tumor immune and metabolic signaling pathways, which could provide clues for the study of the signaling pathways and molecular networks related to the disease progression of LUAD, which would be helpful for the assessment of prognosis in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Liu
- College of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Di Han
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Qihui Ma
- College of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Yuanhang Zheng
- College of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Pathology, The People's Hospital of Fangzi District, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Chunqing Yang
- College of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Lun Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Lun Yang, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Main Street, Donghu, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Liguori NR, Lee Y, Borges W, Zhou L, Azzoli C, El-Deiry WS. Absence of Biomarker-Driven Treatment Options in Small Cell Lung Cancer, and Selected Preclinical Candidates for Next Generation Combination Therapies. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:747180. [PMID: 34531756 PMCID: PMC8438120 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.747180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most common cancer in the United States, and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for about 15% of all lung cancers. In SCLC, more than other malignancies, the standard of care is based on clinical demonstration of efficacy, and less on a mechanistic understanding of why certain treatments work better than others. This is in large part due to the virulence of the disease, and lack of clinically or biologically relevant biomarkers beyond routine histopathology. While first line therapies work in the majority of patients with extensive stage disease, development of resistance is nearly universal. Although neuroendocrine features, Rb and p53 mutations are common, the current lack of actionable biomarkers has made it difficult to develop more effective treatments. Some progress has been made with the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors. There are new agents, such as lurbinectedin, that have completed late-phase clinical testing while other agents are still in the pre-clinical phase. ONC201/TIC10 is an imipridone with strong in vivo and in vitro antitumor properties and activity against neuroendocrine tumors in phase 1 clinical testing. ONC201 activates the cellular integrated stress response and induces the TRAIL pro-apoptotic pathway. Combination treatment of lurbinectedin with ONC201 are currently being investigated in preclinical studies that may facilitate translation into clinical trials for SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R. Liguori
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Young Lee
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - William Borges
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Lanlan Zhou
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Lifespan Health System and Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Cancer Center at Brown University, Thoracic Oncology, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Christopher Azzoli
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Lifespan Health System and Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Cancer Center at Brown University, Thoracic Oncology, Providence, RI, United States
- Hematology/Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Lifespan Health System and Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Wafik S. El-Deiry
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Lifespan Health System and Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Cancer Center at Brown University, Thoracic Oncology, Providence, RI, United States
- Hematology/Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Lifespan Health System and Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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Genetic Mutation Analysis in Small Cell Lung Cancer by a Novel NGS-Based Targeted Resequencing Gene Panel and Relation with Clinical Features. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:3609028. [PMID: 33880365 PMCID: PMC8046547 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3609028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive and invasive malignancy that presents at advanced clinical stage with no more effective treatments. Development of a method for its early detection would be useful, also new therapeutic target need to be discovered; however, there is a lack of information about its oncogenic driver gene mutations. Objectives We aim to identify the SCLC-related genomic variants that associate with clinical staging and serum protein biomarkers observed in other types of lung cancer. Methods We screened formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) biopsy tissues of 32 Chinese SCLC patients using the 303 oncogenic driver gene panel generated by Tiling PCR amplification sequencing (tPAS) and analyzed the patients' corresponding serum protein levels of CYFRA21-1 CEA, NSE, and SCCA. Results In total, we found 147 SCLC-related mutant genes, among these, three important genes (TP53, RB1, KMT2D) as well as five novel genes LRRK2, BRCA1, PTCH1, ARID2, and APC that altogether occurred in 90% of patients. Furthermore, increased mutations to 6 genes (WT1, NOTCH1, EPHA3, KDM6A, SETD2, ACVR1B) significantly associated with higher serum NSE levels (P = 0.0016) and higher clinical stages II + III compared to stage I (P = 0.06). Conclusions Our panel is relatively reliable in detecting the oncogenic mutations of Chinese SCLC patients. Based on our findings, it may be possible to combine SCLC-related mutations and serum NSE for a simple detection of clinical staging.
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Xu C, Yuan Q, Wang W, Chi C, Zhang Q, Li L, Yang R, Wang Y. Prognostic significance of serum osteopontin levels in small cell lung cancer. BMC Pulm Med 2020; 20:235. [PMID: 32873264 PMCID: PMC7466423 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-020-01242-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteopontin (OPN) is closely related to tumor occurrence and metastasis. This study explored the clinical value of serum OPN levels in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. METHODS The ELISA method was used to determine the OPN level of 96 SCLC patients before and after first-line chemotherapy, and compared with 60 healthy controls. RESULTS The serum OPN level of SCLC patients before treatment was significantly higher than that of the healthy control (P < 0.001). Serum OPN levels were related to disease stage, tumor size, and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.012, 0.034, and 0.037, respectively). Serum OPN level decreased after first-line chemotherapy (P = 0.019), which was related to treatment response (P = 0.011). The serum OPN level was an independent predictor of overall survival. CONCLUSIONS The serum OPN level can be used as a biomarker to predict treatment response and survival of SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China. .,The Clinical Center of Nanjing Respiratory Diseases and Imaging, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qi Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,The Clinical Center of Nanjing Respiratory Diseases and Imaging, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,The Clinical Center of Nanjing Respiratory Diseases and Imaging, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanzhen Chi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,The Clinical Center of Nanjing Respiratory Diseases and Imaging, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,The Clinical Center of Nanjing Respiratory Diseases and Imaging, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,The Clinical Center of Nanjing Respiratory Diseases and Imaging, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rusong Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuchao Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,The Clinical Center of Nanjing Respiratory Diseases and Imaging, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
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Wan Z, Zhang X, Yu X, Hou Y. Prognostic significance of serum soluble DR5 levels in small-cell lung cancer. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16:403-408. [PMID: 30911274 PMCID: PMC6428977 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.28814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The death receptor 5 (DR5) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that can transduce the apoptosis signal in cells. This study assessed serum levels of soluble death receptor 5 (sDR5) in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients compared with those in healthy controls. Clinicopathological features of patients, treatment responses, and overall survival of patients were also recorded and analyzed. The sDR5 levels were analyzed using ELISA in 50 healthy controls and 82 SCLC patients before and after first-line chemotherapy. The statistical data showed that pre-treatment levels of serum sDR5 in SCLC patients were higher than those of healthy controls (P<0.001). Pre-treatment levels of serum sDR5 were significantly associated with smoking history of patients, Veterans Administration Lung Study Group (VALSG) stage, tumor size, and lymph node (N) metastasis (P=0.028, 0.001, 0.028, and 0.01, respectively). After treatment with the first-line chemotherapy, the post-treatment levels of serum sDR5 were obviously decreased (P<0.001), and correlated with treatment responses (P<0.001), although there was no significant difference in their pretreatment sDR5 levels (P=0.62). Cox proportional hazard analysis demonstrated that the post-treatment levels of serum sDR5, VALSG stage, and PS status were all independent predictors for overall survival of patients. The results from the current study indicate that serum level of sDR5 could be further confirmed as a biomarker to predict treatment responses and survival of SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfa Wan
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan City, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Weihaiwei People's Hospital, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, China
| | - Xinshuang Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Yong Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
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Lai CW, Chen HL, Yen CC, Wang JL, Yang SH, Chen CM. Using Dual Fluorescence Reporting Genes to Establish an In Vivo Imaging Model of Orthotopic Lung Adenocarcinoma in Mice. Mol Imaging Biol 2017; 18:849-859. [PMID: 27197534 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-016-0967-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lung adenocarcinoma is characterized by a poor prognosis and high mortality worldwide. In this study, we purposed to use the live imaging techniques and a reporter gene that generates highly penetrative near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence to establish a preclinical animal model that allows in vivo monitoring of lung cancer development and provides a non-invasive tool for the research on lung cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic efficacy. PROCEDURES A human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549), which stably expressed the dual fluorescence reporting gene (pCAG-iRFP-2A-Venus), was used to generate subcutaneous or orthotopic lung cancer in nude mice. Cancer development was evaluated by live imaging via the NIR fluorescent signals from iRFP, and the signals were verified ex vivo by the green fluorescence of Venus from the gross lung. The tumor-bearing mice received miR-16 nucleic acid therapy by intranasal administration to demonstrate therapeutic efficacy in this live imaging system. RESULTS For the subcutaneous xenografts, the detection of iRFP fluorescent signals revealed delicate changes occurring during tumor growth that are not distinguishable by conventional methods of tumor measurement. For the orthotopic xenografts, the positive correlation between the in vivo iRFP signal from mice chests and the ex vivo green fluorescent signal from gross lung tumors and the results of the suppressed tumorigenesis by miR-16 treatment indicated that lung tumor size can be accurately quantified by the emission of NIR fluorescence. In addition, orthotopic lung tumor localization can be accurately visualized using iRFP fluorescence tomography in vivo, thus revealing the trafficking of lung tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS We introduced a novel dual fluorescence lung cancer model that provides a non-invasive option for preclinical research via the use of NIR fluorescence in live imaging of lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Lai
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ling Chen
- Department of Bioresources, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, 515, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Yen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Long Wang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 407, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hsun Yang
- Department of Physiology, and Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
- Rong-Hsing Translational Medicine Center, iEGG Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
- Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250, Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung, 402, Taiwan.
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Shi J, Yang H, Duan X, Li L, Sun L, Li Q, Zhang J. Apolipoproteins as Differentiating and Predictive Markers for Assessing Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer. Yonsei Med J 2016; 57:549-56. [PMID: 26996551 PMCID: PMC4800341 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2016.57.3.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to investigate the value of apolipoproteins, including ApoA-1, ApoC-III, and ApoE, in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) as potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and cancer progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lung samples were collected from 89 patients with SCLC. Nineteen lung samples from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and 12 normal lung tissues were used as controls. Expression profiles of ApoA-1, ApoC-III, and ApoE in different samples were examined using immunohistochemical methods, and the expression levels were correlated with cancer types, treatment, and outcomes using chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. RESULTS Expression of ApoA-1 and ApoC-III in SCLC was significantly different, compared with that in NSCLC and normal lung tissues, and was correlated with recurrence of SCLC. Patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery showed significantly reduced expression of ApoA-1 and increased expression of ApoC-III and ApoE. Nevertheless, the expression levels of ApoA-1, ApoC-III, and ApoE were not correlated with SCLC staging. CONCLUSION ApoA-1 and ApoC-III may be used as differentiating and predictive markers for SCLC. ApoA-1, ApoC-III, and ApoE may be used to monitor the efficacy of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Forth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Huichai Yang
- Department of Pathology, Forth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoyang Duan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Forth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Forth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Forth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Forth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Junjun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Forth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Tumor Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Abdelraouf F, Sharp A, Maurya M, Mair D, Wotherspoon A, Leary A, Gonzalez de Castro D, Bhosle J, Nassef A, Gaafar T, Popat S, Yap TA, O'Brien M. Focused molecular analysis of small cell lung cancer: feasibility in routine clinical practice. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:688. [PMID: 26581482 PMCID: PMC4652351 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1675-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is an urgent need to identify molecular signatures in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) that may select patients who are likely to respond to molecularly targeted therapies. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of undertaking focused molecular analyses on routine diagnostic biopsies in patients with SCLC. Methods A series of histopathologically confirmed formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded SCLC specimens were analysed for epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR), KRAS, NRAS and BRAF mutations, ALK gene rearrangements and MET amplification. EGFR and KRAS mutation testing was evaluated using real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR cobas®), BRAF and NRAS mutations using multiplex PCR and capillary electrophoresis-single strand conformation analysis, and ALK and MET aberrations with fluorescent in situ hybridization. All genetic aberrations detected were validated independently. Results A total of 105 patients diagnosed with SCLC between July 1990 and September 2006 were included. 60 (57 %) patients had suitable tumour tissue for molecular testing. 25 patients were successfully evaluated for all six pre-defined molecular aberrations. Eleven patients failed all molecular analysis. No mutations in EGFR, KRAS and NRAS were detected, and no ALK gene rearrangements or MET gene amplifications were identified. A V600E substitution in BRAF was detected in a Caucasian male smoker diagnosed with SCLC with squamoid and glandular features. Conclusion The paucity of patients with sufficient tumour tissue, quality of DNA extracted and low frequency of aberrations detected indicate that alternative molecular characterisation approaches are necessary, such as the use of circulating plasma DNA in patients with SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Abdelraouf
- Lung Cancer Unit, Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK. .,Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Adam Sharp
- Lung Cancer Unit, Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK. .,The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
| | - Manisha Maurya
- Lung Cancer Unit, Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK.
| | - Debbie Mair
- Lung Cancer Unit, Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK.
| | - Andrew Wotherspoon
- Lung Cancer Unit, Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK.
| | - Alex Leary
- Lung Cancer Unit, Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK.
| | - David Gonzalez de Castro
- Lung Cancer Unit, Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK.
| | - Jaishree Bhosle
- Lung Cancer Unit, Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK.
| | - Ayatallah Nassef
- Lung Cancer Unit, Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK. .,Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Taghrid Gaafar
- Lung Cancer Unit, Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK. .,Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sanjay Popat
- Lung Cancer Unit, Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK. .,National Heart and Lung institute, London, UK.
| | - Timothy A Yap
- Lung Cancer Unit, Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK. .,The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
| | - Mary O'Brien
- Lung Cancer Unit, Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Downs Road, Sutton, London, SM2 5PT, UK.
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Zhou L, Bai Y, Li Y, Liu X, Tan T, Meng S, He W, Wu X, Dong Z. Overexpression of MCPH1 inhibits uncontrolled cell growth by promoting cell apoptosis and arresting the cell cycle in S and G2/M phase in lung cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2015; 11:365-372. [PMID: 26870219 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Microcephalin (MCPH1/BRIT1) is a large nuclear protein that is involved in the early cellular response to DNA damage, the expression of which is reduced in a variety of types of human tumors. A recent study by our group demonstrated that MCPH1 expression is markedly decreased in lung cancer. However, it remains unclear whether inducing the expression of MCPH1 may ameliorate lung cancer, and, if so, which mechanisms underlie this process. The results of the present study demonstrated that MCPH1 expression was downregulated in lung cancer tissues compared with that in normal lung tissues. Furthermore, MCPH1 overexpression in A549 non-small cell lung carcinoma cells, successfully inhibited cell proliferation via arrest of the cell cycle in the S and G2/M phases. In addition, MCPH1 overexpression promoted cell apoptosis, in association with a significant increase in the quantities of Bax and active caspase-3, as well as a decrease in the level of Bcl-2. In conclusion the present results indicated that MCPH1 is involved in the regulation of apoptosis and entry into mitosis, suggesting that MCPH1 may function as a tumor suppressor and that it may be important in the pathogenesis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Yanjie Bai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China; College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400015, P.R. China
| | - Yanxi Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, P.R. China
| | - Xueliang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 400021, P.R. China
| | - Tao Tan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Shasha Meng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Wenting He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobin Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Zhifang Dong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
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11
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Roh MS, Lee JH, Kang KW, Nam HY, Jung SB, Kim K, Lee EH, Park MI, Kim MS, Lee HW. Phosphorylated 4E-binding protein 1 expression is associated with poor prognosis in small-cell lung cancer. Virchows Arch 2015; 467:667-673. [PMID: 26445970 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-015-1860-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) binding protein (4E-BP1) results in release of eIF4E, which sequentially relieves translational repression and enhances oncogenic protein synthesis. We assessed the expression of phosphorylated 4E-BP1 (p-4E-BP1) in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and its correlation with clinicopathological factors and patient survival. This study included 117 SCLCs, which comprised 108 primary and 9 metastatic tumor tissues. We performed immunohistochemical staining for p-4E-BP1 in 117 tumors and found that 77 (66 %) were positive for p-4E-BP1 with cytoplasmic and/or nuclear immunostaining. The positive rate of p-4E-BP1 staining was significantly higher in never smokers (p = 0.034) and metastatic tumor tissues (p = 0.027). Patients with p-4E-BP1-positive SCLC tended to have poor performance status, although the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.087). High p-4E-BP1 expression was significantly correlated with worse overall survival (OS) in all cohorts (p = 0.016). After stratification by clinical stage, p-4E-BP1 expression showed a stronger relationship with OS in patients with limited disease (p = 0.008). In addition, when stratified by treatment status, p-4E-BP1 expression was still significantly associated with worse OS in a subgroup of patients who completed treatment (p = 0.021). Our results indicate that p-4E-BP1 expression could represent oncogenic potential and contribute to the progression and aggressiveness of SCLC, suggesting it could be a candidate prognostic biomarker of SCLC, especially in limited disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee Sook Roh
- Department of Pathology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Kyung Woo Kang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Yeol Nam
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Sang Bong Jung
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Dong-Eui Institute of Technology, Busan, South Korea
| | - Kyungeun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Hee Lee
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50, Hapsung-dong, Masan Hoewon-gu, Changwon, 630-723, South Korea
| | - Moon-Il Park
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50, Hapsung-dong, Masan Hoewon-gu, Changwon, 630-723, South Korea
| | - Mee-Seon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50, Hapsung-dong, Masan Hoewon-gu, Changwon, 630-723, South Korea
| | - Hyoun Wook Lee
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50, Hapsung-dong, Masan Hoewon-gu, Changwon, 630-723, South Korea.
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12
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An innocent appearing subcutaneous nodule diagnoses a small cell lung cancer in a never-smoker female. Case Rep Oncol Med 2014; 2014:268404. [PMID: 24744927 PMCID: PMC3972869 DOI: 10.1155/2014/268404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer among never-smokers is recognized as the 7th most common cause of cancer death globally. Adenocarcinoma is the most commonly reported histology. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has the strongest association with smoking and is rarely reported in never-smokers. Although lung cancer in never-smokers is more common in women, the overall incidence of SCLC in female never-smokers still remains low. Soft tissue metastases from any cancer are rare with an overall prevalence of 1.8%. Soft tissue metastases from lung primary are uncommon, mostly from adenocarcinoma, and portend a poor prognosis. Cutaneous metastases from SCLC are exceptionally rare with reported incidence of 0.3% to 0.8%. We believe ours is the first reported case of SCLC presenting as subcutaneous nodule, in a never-smoker, otherwise asymptomatic female. The diagnosis of SCLC was made incidentally by the excisional biopsy of the subcutaneous nodule. Subsequent CT chest and PET scan revealed a hypermetabolic right lower lobe spiculated lung mass with adrenal and liver involvement. Platinum and etoposide chemotherapy with prophylactic cranial irradiation was initiated for advanced SCLC, and she required further irinotecan and taxol for subsequent pancreatic and adrenal metastases. With continued deterioration, she died approximately 36 months from diagnosis, while under hospice care.
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13
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Zeng G, Rui W, Grouse L. Diabetes mellitus increases postoperative mortality in non-small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer 2014; 5:111. [PMID: 26766986 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guangqiao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangdong, China
| | - Wang Rui
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangdong, China
| | - Lawrence Grouse
- University of Washington School of Medicine Gig Harbor, Washington, USA
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14
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Shao S, Li Z, Gao W, Yu G, Liu D, Pan F. ADAM-12 as a diagnostic marker for the proliferation, migration and invasion in patients with small cell lung cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85936. [PMID: 24465799 PMCID: PMC3897605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is highly aggressive and is characterized by malignant metastasis. Approximately 90% of patients die due to extensive metastasis. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a natural barrier that can prevent cellular invasion and metastasis. Therefore, degradation of the ECM must take place in order for extensive metastasis to occur. A disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) is a multi-domain protease that plays an important role in tumorigenesis, as well as tumor development, invasion and metastasis. However, there have been few reports on the expression and role of ADAMs in SCLC. In the current study, the expression and role of ADAMs in SCLC proliferation, invasion and metastasis was investigated. A total of 150 SCLC tissue samples were examined by immunohistochemistry for ADAMs expression. ADAM-12 was found to be abundantly expressed in 72.67% samples and other ADAMs were found to be expressed in 10% to 40% of samples. ADAM-12 levels in serum and urine, from 70 SCLC patients and 40 normal controls, were also measured using ELISA. ADAM-12 expression was significantly higher in SCLC patients than in healthy controls and in patients with extensive disease compared to those with more limited disease. Silencing the expression of ADAM-12 in H1688 cells through the use of specific siRNA significantly reduced cellular proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Supplementing the expression of ADAM-12-L or -S in H345 cells, significantly enhanced cellular proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Animal models with metastatic SCLC also exhibited increased expression of ADAM-12 along with enhanced invasion and metastasis. In brief, ADAM-12 is an independent prognostic factor and diagnostic marker, and is involved in the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhong Shao
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
- Department of Medical Psychology, Binzhou Medical Universtiy, Yantai, P.R. China
| | - Zunling Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical Universtiy, Yantai, P.R. China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Pathology, Jinan Central Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Guohua Yu
- Department of Pathology, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Dexiang Liu
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Fang Pan
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
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