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Parati M, Khalil I, Tchuenbou-Magaia F, Adamus G, Mendrek B, Hill R, Radecka I. Building a circular economy around poly(D/L-γ-glutamic acid)- a smart microbial biopolymer. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 61:108049. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wu R, Cui G, Cao Y, Zhao W, Lin H. Streptococcus Mutans Membrane Vesicles Enhance Candida albicans Pathogenicity and Carbohydrate Metabolism. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:940602. [PMID: 35959374 PMCID: PMC9361861 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.940602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans, as the most common bacterium and fungus in the oral cavity respectively, are considered microbiological risk markers of early childhood caries.
S. mutans
membrane vesicles (MVs) contain virulence proteins, which play roles in biofilm formation and disease progression. Our previous research found that S. mutans MVs harboring glucosyltransferases augment C. albicans biofilm formation by increasing exopolysaccharide production, but the specific impact of S. mutans MVs on C. albicans virulence and pathogenicity is still unknown. In the present study, we developed C. albicans biofilms on the surface of cover glass, hydroxyapatite discs and bovine dentin specimens. The results showed that C. albicans can better adhere to the tooth surface with the effect of S. mutans MVs. Meanwhile, we employed C. albicans biofilm-bovine dentin model to evaluate the influence of S. mutans MVs on C. albicans biofilm cariogenicity. In the S. mutans MV-treated group, the bovine dentin surface hardness loss was significantly increased and the surface morphology showed more dentin tubule exposure and broken dentin tubules. Subsequently, integrative proteomic and metabolomic approaches were used to identify the differentially expressed proteins and metabolites of C. albicans when cocultured with S. mutans MVs. The combination of proteomics and metabolomics analysis indicated that significantly regulated proteins and metabolites were involved in amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism. In summary, the results of the present study proved that S. mutans MVs increase bovine dentin demineralization provoked by C. albicans biofilms and enhance the protein and metabolite expression of C. albicans related to carbohydrate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guxin Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yina Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Zhao, ; Huancai Lin,
| | - Huancai Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Zhao, ; Huancai Lin,
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Teng NC, Pandey A, Hsu WH, Huang CS, Lee WF, Lee TH, Yang TCK, Yang TS, Yang JC. Rehardening and the Protective Effect of Gamma-Polyglutamic Acid/Nano-Hydroxyapatite Paste on Surface-Etched Enamel. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4268. [PMID: 34883772 PMCID: PMC8659594 DOI: 10.3390/polym13234268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many revolutionary approaches are on the way pertaining to the high occurrence of tooth decay, which is an enduring challenge in the field of preventive dentistry. However, an ideal dental care material has yet to be fully developed. With this aim, this research reports a dramatic enhancement in the rehardening potential of surface-etched enamels through a plausible synergistic effect of the novel combination of γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HAp) paste, within the limitations of the study. The percentage of recovery of the surface microhardness (SMHR%) and the surface parameters for 9 wt% γ-PGA/nano-HAp paste on acid-etched enamel were investigated with a Vickers microhardness tester and an atomic force microscope, respectively. This in vitro study demonstrates that γ-PGA/nano-HAp treatment could increase the SMHR% of etched enamel to 39.59 ± 6.69% in 30 min. To test the hypothesis of the rehardening mechanism and the preventive effect of the γ-PGA/nano-HAp paste, the surface parameters of mean peak spacing (Rsm) and mean arithmetic surface roughness (Ra) were both measured and compared to the specimens subjected to demineralization and/or remineralization. After the treatment of γ-PGA/nano-HAp on the etched surface, the reduction in Rsm from 999 ± 120 nm to 700 ± 80 nm suggests the possible mechanism of void-filling within a short treatment time of 10 min. Furthermore, ΔRa-I, the roughness change due to etching before remineralization, was 23.15 ± 3.23 nm, while ΔRa-II, the roughness change after remineralization, was 11.99 ± 3.90 nm. This statistically significant reduction in roughness change (p < 0.05) implies a protective effect against the demineralization process. The as-developed novel γ-PGA/nano-HAp paste possesses a high efficacy towards tooth microhardness rehardening, and a protective effect against acid etching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Chia Teng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Aditi Pandey
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11052, Taiwan; (A.P.); (T.-H.L.)
| | - Wei-Hsin Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; (W.-H.H.); (T.C.-K.Y.)
| | - Ching-Shuan Huang
- Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Fang Lee
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Tzu-Hsin Lee
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11052, Taiwan; (A.P.); (T.-H.L.)
| | - Thomas Chung-Kuang Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan; (W.-H.H.); (T.C.-K.Y.)
| | - Tzu-Sen Yang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Jen-Chang Yang
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11052, Taiwan; (A.P.); (T.-H.L.)
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Research Center of Biomedical Device, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11052, Taiwan
- Research Center of Digital Oral Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11052, Taiwan
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ThanNaing S, Abdou A, Sayed M, Sumi Y, Tagami J, Hiraishi N. Dentin anti-demineralization potential of surface reaction-type pre-reacted glass-ionomer filler containing self-adhesive resin cement. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:1333-1342. [PMID: 34383144 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04107-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the anti-demineralization potential of a newly developed surface reaction-type pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler containing self-adhesive resin cement against acidic attacks on the dentin surface. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 32 bovine teeth were used. Cavities were prepared on crown dentin slaps and filled with three self-adhesive resin cement: (1) S-PRG-based cement, (2) Si-based cement, and (3) RelyX cement. Specimens were then subjected to pH cycling for 28 days, and the depth of demineralization was assessed using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) after 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Sixty-four root dentin blocks were divided into four groups and then subjected to a pH cycling procedure with the aforementioned three material blocks and one negative control. The mineral loss was observed using transverse microradiography (TMR), and the surface microhardness (SMH) test was conducted to investigate the mechanical properties of treated dentin surfaces. RESULTS The depth of demineralization for the S-PRG-based cement was significantly lower than that of the Si-based cement after 7, 21, and 28 days. Conversely, the RelyX cement was not significantly different from the Si-based cement after 7, 14, and 21 days (p < 0.05). Regarding the TMR and SMH test, the S-PRG-based cement showed the least mineral loss with the highest resistance to acidic challenge. CONCLUSION The S-PRG filler containing resin cement can reduce mineral loss and promote remineralization of dentin substrate and has the potential to preserve dentin integrity and resist acidic attack. Clinical significance Self-adhesive resin cement containing S-PRG fillers maintained the surface integrity of dentin after exposure to 28 days of acidic challenge with a significant anti-demineralization effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- SoeKayThwe ThanNaing
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan.,Department of Conservative Dentistry, University of Dental Medicine Mandalay, Chanmyathazi, Mandalay, 05041, Myanmar
| | - Ahmed Abdou
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Modern University for Technology and Information, Mokatam, Cairo, 11571, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Sayed
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Yasunori Sumi
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerodontology, Department for Advanced Dental Research, Center for Advanced Medicine for Dental and Oral Diseases, 36-3, Gengo, Morioka, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Junji Tagami
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Noriko Hiraishi
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan.
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