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López DF, Rios Borrás V, Cárdenas-Perilla R. Positional Features of the Mandibular Condyle in Patients with Facial Asymmetry. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:1034. [PMID: 36980342 PMCID: PMC10047394 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13061034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the position of the mandibular condyle, the size of the joint spaces and the condylar angulation in patients with facial asymmetry (FA), and to classify these results according to the type of FA and compare them with a reference group without FA. Materials and Methods/Patients: An observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study using computed tomography (CT) was conducted on a sample of 133 patients with a clinical diagnosis of FA derived from the following entities: hemimandibular elongation (HE) (n = 61), hemimandibular hyperplasia (HH) (n = 11), condylar hyperplasia in its hybrid form (HF) (n = 19), asymmetric mandibular prognathism (AMP) (n = 25), glenoid fossa asymmetry (GFA) (n = 9) and functional laterognathism (FL) (n = 8). Likewise, a group of 20 patients without clinical or tomographic characteristics of FA was taken and their complete cone beam tomography (CBCT) scans were analyzed. The quantified variables were joint spaces (anterior, middle and posterior), angle of the condylar axis and condylar position. All measurements were performed using the free, open-source Horos software. RESULTS Most of the subjects without FA had a right middle condylar position (55%), while in the patients with FA the anterior condylar position predominated. On the left side, the most frequent condylar position was anterior, including the group without FA, except in the HH group. Considering the measurements of the anterior, middle and posterior joint space (mm) on the right side (anterior JS: 1.9 mm, middle JS: 2 mm and posterior JS: 2.8 mm) and on the left side (anterior JS: 2.7 mm, middle JS: 2.1 mm and posterior JS: 2.6 mm) of the subjects without FA, compared to those with FA, the latter presented smaller distances in all diagnoses and only for the right posterior JS (1.9 mm) in HH, was not significant. The condylar axis of the AF group showed significant differences with smaller angles for the left side in those diagnosed with HE (65.4°) and HH (56.5°) compared to those without AF (70.4°). CONCLUSIONS The condylar position of patients with FA tends to be anterior, both on the right and left sides, while for cases without FA it is middle and anterior, respectively. Patients with FA have smaller joint spaces (mm) compared to patients without FA, with the exception of HH for the right posterior JS.
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Radej I, Dargiewicz E, Sawczuk-Siemieniuk M, Ferrando Cascales R, Ferrando Cascales Á, Agustín-Panadero R, Szarmach I. The Role of Maxillofacial Structure and Malocclusion on Condylar Displacement in Maximum Intercuspation and Centric Relation in Patients Seeking Orthodontic Treatment-A Scoping Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12020689. [PMID: 36675620 PMCID: PMC9863588 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Available knowledge about malocclusion and cephalometric variables and their connection with an increased risk of condylar displacement (CD) is scarce. This article aims to present current information on the relationship between centric relation-maximum intercuspal position discrepancies and maxillofacial morphology and malocclusion in patients seeking orthodontic treatment as well as to identify those who require expanded diagnostic evaluation for this disorder. METHODS This review analyzed the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus electronic databases up to February 2022. Keywords and additional manual searches were performed. Literature selection was based the PRISMA-ScR checklist. The JBI Critical Appraisal Tool assessed the methodological quality of included studies. RESULTS The databases search provided 2321 studies. A total of 10 studies were included in this review after eligibility criteria and JBI assessment. This review was separated into five parts that evaluated CD correlations depending on the following: maxillofacial structure in different vertical and sagittal skeletal patterns, vertical, horizontal, and transverse malocclusions. CONCLUSIONS A hyperdivergent facial skeletal structure is a risk factor for increased CD, particularly in the vertical dimension. The condylar processes are usually displaced in a posteroinferior direction. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the relationship among remaining skeletal and dental malocclusions and the occurrence of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Radej
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15A, 15-274 Białystok, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Ewelina Dargiewicz
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15A, 15-274 Białystok, Poland
| | | | - Raúl Ferrando Cascales
- Faculty of Health Sciences, San Antonio de Murcia Catholic University (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Álvaro Ferrando Cascales
- Faculty of Health Sciences, San Antonio de Murcia Catholic University (UCAM), 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Rubén Agustín-Panadero
- Prosthodontic and Occlusion Unit, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Izabela Szarmach
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15A, 15-274 Białystok, Poland
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The Role of Maxillofacial Structure on Condylar Displacement in Maximum Intercuspation and Centric Relation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1439203. [PMID: 35097107 PMCID: PMC8791736 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1439203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study is aimed at evaluating the impact of the craniofacial structure and occlusal conditions on the position of the articular heads of the mandibular condyles in the maximum intercuspal position (MIP) and comparing the centric relation (CR) and MIP of the mandibular condyles prior to orthodontic treatment. Methods The studied group consisted of 33 women and 15 men (median age of 17.75 years). Contact points of opposing teeth in the MIP were assessed by hand-held casts. Condylar displacement (CD) in three spatial planes on both sides was measured on models mounted in an articulator using a mandibular position indicator (MPI). Patients were divided into groups according to craniofacial structures (vertical and horizontal growth directions). The Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, post hoc Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner, and Pearson's χ2 independence tests as well as Spearman's nonparametric correlations were used in the statistical analyses. Results Within the limitations of this study, no statistically significant correlation of CD with certain cephalometric measurements from a lateral cephalometric radiograph (ANB, SN-ML, and SGo/NMe) was observed. Correlation, however, was found between condylar displacement in the transverse axis and the mandibular plane angle SN-ML (p = 0.033) and also between condylar displacement in the anteroposterior axis and a midline shift of the mandible (p = 0.041). The results revealed a relationship between Angle's classification of molar position on the right side and anteroposterior CD values (p = 0.006). Conclusions Cephalometric measurements cannot be used to predict CD at the level of the condyles. Analysis of occlusal conditions of models mounted in an articulator is desirable for patients with Angle's class I and lower jaw asymmetry.
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Dudnik OV, Mamedov AA, Dybov AM, Kharke VV, Timoshenko TV, Skakodub AA, Maclennan AB, Bille DS. Application of additional anthropometric and functional methods in children undergoing orthodontic treatment using braces. Saudi Dent J 2021; 33:222-228. [PMID: 34025085 PMCID: PMC8117364 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Occlusal interference causes instability in temporomandibular joint and hyperactivity of mastication muscles which eventually leads to temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Therefore, achieving stable occlusion is important in young patients. It is key factor in optimizing functional occlusion in adulthood. Aim Application of «The ABO Model Grading System» and Mandibular Position Indicator as an additional diagnostic method in children undergoing orthodontic treatment using braces. Methods Thirty-two patients aged 14 to 18 diagnosed with teeth crowding on the upper and lower jaws were examined, then separated in two groups of 16 people each. All patients underwent orthodontic treatment using braces. Results In group 2, due to application the anthropometrical system of quantitative evaluation ABO with re-fixing the incorrectly arranged braces by indirect bonding method, occlusal interferences were eliminated. MPI analysis showed discrepancy between the central occlusion and the central relation which was not as relevant as in the group 1 (p > 0.05). Conclusion Using the anthropometric system of quantitative assessment of ABO with subsequent re-fixation of incorrectly placed braces by indirect bonding, effectively improves the MPI. This determines the unity of position between articular condyles on the lower jaw in the centric occlusion and in the centric relation, which allows to get a stable result of orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olesya Viktorovna Dudnik
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russian Federation
- Institute of Dentistry I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russian Federation
- Corresponding author at: Institute of Dentistry I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russian Federation; FSAEI of HE I.M. Sechenov Moscow Medical State University (Sechenov University), St. Trubetskaya, 8\2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
| | - Adil Askerovich Mamedov
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russian Federation
- Institute of Dentistry I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russian Federation
| | - Andrew Mikhailovich Dybov
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russian Federation
- Institute of Dentistry I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russian Federation
| | - Viktoriya Valentinovna Kharke
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russian Federation
- Institute of Dentistry I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Valerievna Timoshenko
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russian Federation
- Institute of Dentistry I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russian Federation
| | - Alla Anatolevna Skakodub
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russian Federation
- Institute of Dentistry I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russian Federation
| | - Anastasya Benediktovna Maclennan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russian Federation
- Institute of Dentistry I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russian Federation
| | - Diana Sergeevna Bille
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russian Federation
- Institute of Dentistry I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russian Federation
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Jing D, Shen Y, Yang P, Zhao ZH. [Research progress on the relationship between centric relation and orthodontic treatment]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2019; 37:527-532. [PMID: 31721502 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Centric relation (CR) is one of the core research contents in orthodontics, prosthodontics, and gnathology, acting as an important physiological factor in reconstructing the occlusion and adjusting the occlusal relationship. For over a century, CR is still a controversial subject in dentistry. CR has been redefined for several times, and recently, its application has been widened in orthodontics, including orthodontic diagnosis, clinical examination and analysis, and treatment goals. The purpose of this article is to review the definition of CR, its relationship with malocclusion, and the application of this relationship in orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Pu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhi-He Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Fernández-González FJ, Cabero-López J, Brizuela A, Suazo I, Pérez-Pevida E, Cobo T, Montalban O, Diéguez-Pereira M, Chávarri-Prado D, de la Pinta IB, Jiménez-Garrudo A. Efficacy of Selective Grinding Guided by an Occlusal Splint in Management of Myofascial Pain: A Prospective Clinical Trial. Open Dent J 2017; 11:301-311. [PMID: 28839479 PMCID: PMC5543708 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601711010301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For patients whose centric relation (CR) has not been considered at the start and during treatment, the task of achieving an occlusal scheme that works together with the temporomandibular joint, the muscles, and the structures of the stomatognathic apparatus becomes a major concern. OBJECTIVE This study aims to describe a reproducible, predictable and to date unreported procedure of selective grinding guided by an occlusal splint and to analyze condylar position (CP) based on the skeletal pattern. METHODS A total of 72 symptomatic patients (38 females and 34 males) were classified into three groups: hyperdivergent, intermediate and hypodivergent. CP was quantified by mounted casts on a measures condyle displacement (MCD) device. Helkimo index was also performed in order to assess the severity of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders attending to clinical dysfunction, occlusal state and anamnestic dysfunction. Once the stability had been obtained, the splint was progressively reduced until the maximum intercuspation (MIC) was achieved. RESULTS The vertical displacement was found to be significantly different between the hyperdivergent and other two groups (p<0.01). Comparisons of MCD analysis before and after the selective grinding procedure identified a statistically significant difference in the horizontal and vertical CP (p<0.01) between the different groups whereas the Helkimo Index showed a clear improvement of TMJ disorders. CONCLUSION All facial types, specially the hyperdivergent face type, showed a reduction in condylar displacement (CD) and less craniomandibular symptoms using this procedure, making it an excellent technique for clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe J Fernández-González
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Medical and Dental School, University of Oviedo, Instituto Asturiano de Odontologia, Oviedo, Spain.,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Chile
| | - Jorge Cabero-López
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Medical and Dental School, University of Oviedo, Instituto Asturiano de Odontologia, Oviedo, Spain.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Aritza Brizuela
- Department of Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
| | - Ivan Suazo
- Director de Postgrado e investigación, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Chile
| | - Esteban Pérez-Pevida
- Department of Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
| | - Teresa Cobo
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Medical and Dental School, University of Oviedo, Instituto Asturiano de Odontologia, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Oier Montalban
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - David Chávarri-Prado
- Department of Stomatology I, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
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Park IY, Kim JH, Park YH. Three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography based comparison of condylar position and morphology according to the vertical skeletal pattern. Korean J Orthod 2015; 45:66-73. [PMID: 25798412 PMCID: PMC4367133 DOI: 10.4041/kjod.2015.45.2.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare condylar position and morphology among different vertical skeletal patterns. Methods Diagnostic cone-beam computed tomography images of 60 adult patients (120 temporomandibular joints) who visited the orthodontic clinic of Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital were reviewed. The subjects were divided into three equal groups according to the mandibular plane angle: hypodivergent, normodivergent, and hyperdivergent groups. Morphology of the condyle and mandibular fossa and condylar position were compared among the groups. Results The hypodivergent and hyperdivergent groups showed significant differences in superior joint spaces, antero-posterior condyle width, medio-lateral condyle width, condyle head angle, and condylar shapes. Conclusions Condylar position and morphology vary according to vertical facial morphology. This relationship should be considered for predicting and establishing a proper treatment plan for temporomandibular diseases during orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Young Park
- Department of Orthodontics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Kim
- Department of Orthodontics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Yang-Ho Park
- Department of Orthodontics, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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