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Laletin V, Bernard PL, Montersino C, Yamanashi Y, Olive D, Castellano R, Guittard G, Nunès JA. DOK1 and DOK2 regulate CD8 T cell signaling and memory formation without affecting tumor cell killing. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15053. [PMID: 38956389 PMCID: PMC11220026 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66075-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Targeting intracellular inhibiting proteins has been revealed to be a promising strategy to improve CD8+ T cell anti-tumor efficacy. Here, we are focusing on intracellular inhibiting proteins specific to TCR signaling: DOK1 and DOK2 expressed in T cells. We hypothesized that depletion of intracellular inhibition checkpoint DOK1 and DOK2 could improve CD8+ T-cell based cancer therapies. To evaluate the role of DOK1 and DOK2 depletion in physiology and effector function of CD8+ T lymphocytes and in cancer progression, we established a transgenic T cell receptor mouse model specific to melanoma antigen hgp100 (pmel-1 TCR Tg) in WT and Dok1/Dok2 DKO (double KO) mice. We showed that both DOK1 and DOK2 depletion in CD8+ T cells after an in vitro pre-stimulation induced a higher percentage of effector memory T cells as well as an up regulation of TCR signaling cascade- induced by CD3 mAbs, including the increased levels of pAKT and pERK, two major phosphoproteins involved in T cell functions. Interestingly, this improved TCR signaling was not observed in naïve CD8+ T cells. Despite this enhanced TCR signaling essentially shown upon stimulation via CD3 mAbs, pre-stimulated Dok1/Dok2 DKO CD8+ T cells did not show any increase in their activation or cytotoxic capacities against melanoma cell line expressing hgp100 in vitro. Altogether we demonstrate here a novel aspect of the negative regulation by DOK1 and DOK2 proteins in CD8+ T cells. Indeed, our results allow us to conclude that DOK1 and DOK2 have an inhibitory role following long term T cell stimulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Laletin
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Immunity and Cancer Team, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Pierre-Louis Bernard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Immunity and Cancer Team, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Camille Montersino
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, TrGET Pre-Clinical Assay Platform, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Yuji Yamanashi
- Division of Genetics, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Daniel Olive
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Immunity and Cancer Team, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Rémy Castellano
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, TrGET Pre-Clinical Assay Platform, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Geoffrey Guittard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Immunity and Cancer Team, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Jacques A Nunès
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, CRCM, Immunity and Cancer Team, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France.
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Kanda T, Saiki K, Kurumi H, Yoshida A, Ikebuchi Y, Sakaguchi T, Urabe S, Minami H, Yamaguchi N, Nakao K, Inoue H, Isomoto H. Docking Proteins Upregulate IL-1β Expression in Lower Esophageal Sphincter Muscle in Esophageal Achalasia. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3004. [PMID: 38792545 PMCID: PMC11122009 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13103004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Esophageal achalasia is an archetypal esophageal motility disorder characterized by abnormal peristalsis of the esophageal body and impaired lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation. Methods: In this study, the mRNA expression of docking proteins 1 and 2 (DOK1 and DOK2, respectively) were analyzed and the mechanisms underlying achalasia onset were investigated. Results:DOK1 and DOK2 mRNA levels significantly increased in the LES of patients with achalasia. Moreover, significant correlations were observed between IL-1β and DOK1, IL-1β and DOK2, ATG16L1 and DOK1, and HSV1-miR-H1-3p and DOK2 expression levels. However, a correlation between ATG16L1 and DOK2 or between HSV-miR-H1-3p and DOK1 expression was not observed. In addition, a positive correlation was observed between patient age and DOK1 expression. Microarray analysis revealed a significant decrease in the expression of hsa-miR-377-3p and miR-376a-3p in the LES muscle of patients with achalasia. Conclusions: These miRNAs possessed sequences targeting DOK. The upregulation of DOK1 and DOK2 expression induces IL-1β expression in the LES of achalasia patients, which may contribute to the development of esophageal motility disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Kanda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Karen Saiki
- Division of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kurumi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Akira Yoshida
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Ikebuchi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
- Digestive Center, Showa University Koto-Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo 135-8577, Japan
| | - Takuki Sakaguchi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
- Digestive Center, Showa University Koto-Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo 135-8577, Japan
| | - Shigetoshi Urabe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Hitomi Minami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Haruhiro Inoue
- Digestive Center, Showa University Koto-Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo 135-8577, Japan
| | - Hajime Isomoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
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Xu J, Dong X, Wang R, Chen B. DOK2 Has Prognostic and Immunologic Significance in Adults With Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Novel Immune-Related Therapeutic Target. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:842383. [PMID: 35321466 PMCID: PMC8935080 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.842383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe role of downstream tyrosine kinase 2 (DOK2), a major member of the DOK family, remains poorly defined in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Herein, we investigated the expression levels, clinical outcomes, and biological functions of DOK2 in patients with AML.MethodsDatasets were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database for transcriptomic and clinical information. Nomogram construction and assessment were conducted using Cox regression analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and calibration plots. Public databases, including the Gene Expression Omnibus, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia, LinkedOmics, GeneMANIA, TISIDB, and Gene Set Cancer Analysis, were employed for relevant bioinformatic studies. Moreover, we utilized the CIBERSORT algorithm to evaluate the level of infiltration of immune cells into the bone marrow microenvironment.ResultsWe observed that DOK2 transcription levels were markedly upregulated in AML samples (P < 0.001), and its high expression was associated with inferior overall survival (OS) (HR = 2.17, P < 0.001) and disease-free survival (DFS) (HR = 2.50, P < 0.001). ROC curve analysis also showed the reliable diagnostic efficiency of DOK2 in AML. For treatment regimens, patients with high DOK2 expression could significantly prolong OS by receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) (P < 0.001), whereas those with low DOK2 expression were more likely to improve DFS by chemotherapy alone rather than HSCT. Nomograms constructed for predicting OS and DFS exhibited satisfactory discrimination and accuracy. Functional enrichment analysis identified that DOK2 was involved in important pathways associated with immune-related activities. Furthermore, CIBERSORT scores reflected negative correlations of DOK2 with activated mast cells and resting CD4+ memory T cells, which indicated its adverse immunomodulatory potential.ConclusionWe suggest that elevated DOK2 expression could be an unfavorable prognostic indicator of survival in patients with AML. Our findings provide new insights into the role of DOK2 in AML, with promising clinical implications.
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Sun P, Li R, Meng Y, Xi S, Wang Q, Yang X, Peng X, Cai J. Introduction to DOK2 and its potential role in cancer. Physiol Res 2021; 70:671-685. [PMID: 34505522 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex, multifactorial disease that modern medicine ultimately aims to overcome. Downstream of tyrosine kinase 2 (DOK2) is a well-known tumor suppressor gene, and a member of the downstream protein DOK family of tyrosine kinases. Through a search of original literature indexed in PubMed and other databases, the present review aims to extricate the mechanisms by which DOK2 acts on cancer, thereby identifying more reliable and effective therapeutic targets to promote enhanced methods of cancer prevention and treatment. The review focuses on the role of DOK2 in multiple tumor types in the lungs, intestines, liver, and breast. Additionally, we discuss the potential mechanisms of action of DOK2 and the downstream consequences via the Ras/MPAK/ERK or PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China. or Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China. or Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei.
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Li T, Li B, Sara A, Ay C, Leung WY, Zhang Y, Dong Y, Liang Q, Zhang X, Weidner P, Gutting T, Behrens HM, Röcken C, Sung JJ, Ebert MP, Yu J, Burgermeister E. Docking protein-1 promotes inflammatory macrophage signaling in gastric cancer. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8:e1649961. [PMID: 31646096 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1649961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Docking protein-1 (DOK1) is a tumor suppressor frequently lost in malignant cells, however, it retains the ability to control activities of immune receptors in adjacent stroma cells of the tumor microenvironment. We therefore hypothesized that addressing DOK1 may be useful for cancer immunotherapy. DOK1 mRNA and DOK1 protein expression were downregulated in tumor cells of gastric cancer patients (n = 249). Conversely, its expression was up-regulated in cases positive for Epstein Barr Virus (EBV+) together with genes related to macrophage biology and targets of clinical immunotherapy such as programmed-cell-death-ligand-1 (PD-L1). Notably, high DOK1 positivity in stroma cells conferred poor prognosis in patients and correlated with high levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase in CD68+ tumor-associated macrophages. In macrophages derived from human monocytic leukemia cell lines, DOK1 (i) was inducible by agonists of the anti-diabetic transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ), (ii) increased polarization towards an inflammatory phenotype, (iii) augmented nuclear factor-κB-dependent transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines and (iv) reduced PD-L1 expression. These properties empowered DOK1+ macrophages to decrease the viability of human gastric cancer cells in contact-dependent co-cultures. DOK1 also reduced PD-L1 expression in human primary blood monocytes. Our data propose that the drugability of DOK1 may be exploited to reprogram myeloid cells and enforce the innate immune response against EBV+ human gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Dept. of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Dept. of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Beifang Li
- Dept. of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Asgharpour Sara
- Dept. of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christine Ay
- Dept. of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wing Yan Leung
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Dept. of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanquan Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Dept. of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yujuan Dong
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Dept. of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiaoyi Liang
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Dept. of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Dept. of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Philip Weidner
- Dept. of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tobias Gutting
- Dept. of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Röcken
- Dept. of Pathology, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Joseph Jy Sung
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Dept. of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Matthias P Ebert
- Dept. of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and The Dept. of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Elke Burgermeister
- Dept. of Medicine II, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Lahmidi S, Strunk U, Smiley JR, Pearson A, Duplay P. Herpes simplex virus 1 infection of T cells causes VP11/12-dependent phosphorylation and degradation of the cellular protein Dok-2. Virology 2017; 511:66-73. [PMID: 28841444 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that HSV-1 infection of lymphocytes induces the tyrosine phosphorylation of several proteins that might correspond to viral or host proteins. VP11/12, a viral tegument protein, is the major HSV-induced tyrosine phosphorylated protein identified thus far. In this report, we demonstrated that the cellular adaptor proteins Dok-2 and Dok-1 are tyrosine phosphorylated upon HSV-1 infection. In addition, HSV-1 induced the selective degradation of Dok-2. Finally, we provide evidence that Dok-2 interacts with VP11/12, and that HSV-induced tyrosine phosphorylation and degradation of Dok-2 require VP11/12. Inactivation of either the Src Family Kinases binding motifs or the SHC binding motif of VP11/12 eliminated the interaction of Dok-2 with VP11/12. Elimination of the binding of Dok-2 to VP11/12 prevented Dok-2 phosphorylation and degradation. We propose that HSV-induced Dok phosphorylation and Dok-2 degradation is an immune evasion mechanism to inactivate T cells that might play an important role in HSV pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumia Lahmidi
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Québec, Canada H7V 1B7
| | - Ulrike Strunk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2S2
| | - James R Smiley
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2S2
| | - Angela Pearson
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Québec, Canada H7V 1B7.
| | - Pascale Duplay
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Québec, Canada H7V 1B7.
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Dok-1 and Dok-2 Are Required To Maintain Herpes Simplex Virus 1-Specific CD8 + T Cells in a Murine Model of Ocular Infection. J Virol 2017; 91:JVI.02297-16. [PMID: 28490594 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02297-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dok-1 and Dok-2 negatively regulate responses downstream of several immune receptors in lymphoid and myeloid cells. Recent evidence showed that Dok proteins are essential in the formation of memory CD8+ T cells to an exogenous epitope expressed by vaccinia virus; however, the importance of Dok-1 and Dok-2 in the control of viral infection is unknown. Here, we investigated the role of Dok proteins in modulating the immune response against herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) in a mouse model of ocular infection. During acute infection, viral titers in the eye were similar in wild-type (WT) and Dok-1 and Dok-2 double-knockout (DKO) mice, and the percentages of infiltrating leukocytes were similar in DKO and WT corneas and trigeminal ganglia (TG). DKO mice exhibited a diminished CD8+ T cell response to the immunodominant HSV-1 glycoprotein B (gB) epitope in the spleen and draining lymph nodes compared to WT mice during acute infection. Remarkably, gB-specific CD8+ T cells almost completely disappeared in the spleens of DKO mice during latency, and the reduction of CD8+ effector memory T (Tem) cells was more severe than that of CD8+ central memory T (Tcm) cells. The percentage of gB-specific CD8+ T cells in TG during latency was also dramatically reduced in DKO mice; however, they were phenotypically similar to those from WT mice. In ex vivo assays, reactivation was detected earlier in TG cultures from infected DKO versus WT mice. Thus, Dok-1 and Dok-2 promote survival of gB-specific CD8+ T cells in TG latently infected with HSV-1.IMPORTANCE HSV-1 establishes lifelong latency in sensory neurons of trigeminal ganglia (TG). In humans, HSV-1 is able to sporadically reactivate from latently infected neurons and establish a lytic infection at a site to which the neurons project. Most herpetic disease in humans is due to reactivation of HSV-1 from latency rather than to primary acute infection. CD8+ T cells are thought to play an important role in controlling recurrent infections. In this study, we examined the involvement of Dok-1 and Dok-2 signaling proteins in the control of HSV-1 infection. We provide evidence that Dok proteins are required to maintain a CD8+ T cell response against HSV-1 during latency-especially CD8+ Tem cells-and that they negatively affect HSV-1 reactivation from latency. Elucidating Dok-mediated mechanisms involved in the control of HSV-1 reactivation from latency might contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies to prevent recurrent HSV-1-induced pathology.
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