1
|
Gene-diet interactions associated with complex trait variation in an advanced intercross outbred mouse line. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4097. [PMID: 31506438 PMCID: PMC6736984 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11952-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic variation of quantitative traits is orchestrated by a complex interplay between the environment (e.g. diet) and genetics. However, the impact of gene-environment interactions on phenotypic traits mostly remains elusive. To address this, we feed 1154 mice of an autoimmunity-prone intercross line (AIL) three different diets. We find that diet substantially contributes to the variability of complex traits and unmasks additional genetic susceptibility quantitative trait loci (QTL). By performing whole-genome sequencing of the AIL founder strains, we resolve these QTLs to few or single candidate genes. To address whether diet can also modulate genetic predisposition towards a given trait, we set NZM2410/J mice on similar dietary regimens as AIL mice. Our data suggest that diet modifies genetic susceptibility to lupus and shifts intestinal bacterial and fungal community composition, which precedes clinical disease manifestation. Collectively, our study underlines the importance of including environmental factors in genetic association studies. Complex traits associate with genetic variation and environment and their interaction. Here, the authors study the influence of different diets on trait variability in 1154 outbred mice from an advanced intercross line and find gene-diet interactions associated with spontaneous autoimmunity development in these animals.
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a generalized autoimmune disease affecting multiple end-organs including the kidneys. Glomerulonephritis is a leading cause of death in lupus, both in patients and murine models that develop disease spontaneously. Genetic mapping studies have uncovered several genetic intervals that confer susceptibility to nephritis both in human beings and in mice. This review surveys the genomic positions of these nephritis susceptibility loci in murine lupus. Currently we know very little about the molecular identities of the culprit genes within these mapped loci and whether these genetic elements contribute to nephritis directly in a renal-intrinsic fashion or indirectly by augmenting the formation of pathogenic autoantibodies. The next decade is likely to witness a significant broadening of our understanding of how different genes and molecules might facilitate end-organ damage in lupus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Internal Medicine (Rheumatology) and the Center for Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu K, Mohan C. What do mouse models teach us about human SLE? Clin Immunol 2006; 119:123-30. [PMID: 16517211 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2006.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2006] [Accepted: 01/25/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kui Liu
- Division of Rheumatology, and Center for Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine/Rheumatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Mail Code 8884, Y8.204, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8884, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bagavant H, Fu SM. New insights from murine lupus: disassociation of autoimmunity and end organ damage and the role of T cells. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2005; 17:523-8. [PMID: 16093828 DOI: 10.1097/01.bor.0000169361.23325.1e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review summarizes current literature on genetic regulation of different phenotypes in systemic lupus erythematosus in context of end-organ disease. Recent findings conflicting with the current paradigm that loss of tolerance to chromatin is the critical step for end-organ injury are discussed. RECENT FINDINGS Systemic lupus erythematosus is a prototype immune complex disease with circulating autoantibodies to chromatin, histone proteins, Sm/La, and other nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. Extensive studies have been carried out on the regulation of B-cell and autoantibody production in lupus mice. However, the hypothesis that autoantibodies are primary mediators of organ damage fails to explain the heterogenous presentation in patients. Studies in murine models of systemic lupus erythematosus clearly dissociate genetic control of autoantibody responses to classic lupus antigens and kidney disease. There is increasing evidence to support the role of autoreactive T cells and genetic control of end organ susceptibility. These studies suggest complex interactions between innate and adaptive immunity resulting in end-organ damage. This review focuses on autoimmune responses and renal involvement in spontaneous systemic lupus erythematosus using murine models of lupus nephritis. SUMMARY Studies in murine models demonstrate complex genetic interactions regulating spontaneous systemic lupus erythematosus. Although detection of serum autoantibodies is considered a hallmark for clinical diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus, recent evidence shows that autoantibodies to classic lupus antigens are neither required nor sufficient for end-organ damage. Thus, murine models provide new insights into the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harini Bagavant
- Specialized Center of Research on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, 22908, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Susceptibility to lupus nephritis is the end-result of complex interactions between polymorphic genetic factors involved in the regulation of immune responses. In humans, genome-wide screens and candidate-gene analyses led to the identification of several loci containing potential targets (FcgammaRIIa, PTPN22, PD-1, IL-10) for physiopathological research and therapeutic interventions. In mice, the generation of congenic mice, bearing in a normal genetic background one single disease-associated locus, greatly improved our understanding of the mechanisms mediating the genetic contribution to the disease. In the future, the identification of disease-associated genes will open new perspectives for the development of more targeted therapies of lupus nephritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B R Lauwerys
- Service de Rhumatologie, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xie S, Li L, Chang S, Sharma R, Kaliyaperumal A, Datta SK, Mohan C. Genetic origin of lupus in NZB/SWR hybrids: Lessons from an intercross study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 52:659-67. [PMID: 15693014 DOI: 10.1002/art.20786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE (SWR x NZB)F(1) (or SNF(1)) hybrid mice succumb to lupus nephritis. A previous analysis of SNF(1) x NZB backcross mice revealed the existence of 4 SWR loci (H2 on chromosome 17, Swrl-1 on chromosome 1, Swrl-2 on chromosome 14, and Swrl-3 on chromosome 18) and 2 NZB loci (Nba1 and Lbw2/Sbw2, both on chromosome 4). A second study focusing on SNF(1) x SWR backcross offspring uncovered 5 suggestive loci for antinuclear antibody formation, consisting of 3 dominant NZB contributions (Nba4 on chromosome 5, Lbw4 on chromosome 6, and Nba5 on chromosome 7) and 2 recessive SWR contributions (Swrl-1 on chromosome 1 and Swrl-4 on chromosome 10). The present intercross study was executed to replicate the earlier findings, using an independent panel of (SWR x NZB)F(2) offspring. METHODS A panel of (NZB x SWR)F(2) hybrids were phenotyped (for renal disease, early mortality, and a variety of autoantibodies) and genotyped (using 95 microsatellite primers positioned across all 19 autosomes and the X chromosome). Linkage analysis was conducted using the derived phenotype and genotype data, with the interval-mapping program MapManager. RESULTS Four suggestive loci were mapped: Swrl-5 on chromosome 1 (peak at 106 cM), linked to hypergammaglobulinemia; an NZB locus on chromosome 5 (Nba4; peak at 15 cM), linked to IgG anti-single-stranded DNA (anti-ssDNA) antibodies, IgG anti-doubled-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies, and glomerulonephritis; an NZB locus on chromosome 13 (Nba6; peak at 28 cM), linked to IgG anti-dsDNA antibodies; and an SWR locus on chromosome 14 (Swrl-2; peak at 30 cM), linked to IgG anti-ssDNA antibodies. Eight additional loci revealed linkage at P < 0.01, of which 7 co-mapped with lupus susceptibility loci previously identified in other models. CONCLUSION Considering all 3 mapping studies together, lupus in SWR/NZB hybrids appears to be the epistatic end product of several distinct loci, of which 3 SWR-derived loci (Swrl-1, Swrl-2, and Swrl-3) and 5 NZB-derived loci (Nba1, Nba3, Nba4, Nba5, and Lbw4) have been independently confirmed. The immunologic functions and molecular identities of these loci await elucidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shangkui Xie
- Simmons Arthritis Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas 75390-8884, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Santiago-Raber ML, Laporte C, Reininger L, Izui S. Genetic basis of murine lupus. Autoimmun Rev 2004; 3:33-9. [PMID: 14871647 DOI: 10.1016/s1568-9972(03)00062-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2003] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the formation of a variety of autoantibodies and subsequent development of severe glomerulonephritis. Etiology of SLE remains unknown even if it is now well established that SLE is under polygenic control as well as the contribution of hormonal and environmental factors. The availability of several murine strains that spontaneously develop an autoimmune syndrome resembling human SLE, such as New Zealand, MRL and BXSB mice has provided useful tools for the genetic dissection of susceptibility to SLE. Moreover, development of various transgenic and mutant mice has made it possible to identify a number of susceptibility genes such as those involved in the regulation of apoptosis or B cell receptor signaling that can trigger lupus-like phenotypes. Obviously, further identification of the genetic defects present in lupus-prone mice is of paramount importance for understanding the immunopathogenesis of SLE.
Collapse
|
8
|
Johansson ACM, Lindqvist AKB, Johannesson M, Holmdahl R. Genetic heterogeneity of autoimmune disorders in the nonobese diabetic mouse. Scand J Immunol 2003; 57:203-13. [PMID: 12641648 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3083.2003.01235.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The nonobese diabetic mouse is highly susceptible not only to diabetes but to several autoimmune diseases, and one might suspect that these are controlled by a shared set of genes. However, based on various gene-segregation experiments, it seems that only a few loci are shared and that each disorder is influenced also by a unique set of genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A C M Johansson
- Section for Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Lund, Sweden.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xiu Y, Nakamura K, Abe M, Li N, Wen XS, Jiang Y, Zhang D, Tsurui H, Matsuoka S, Hamano Y, Fujii H, Ono M, Takai T, Shimokawa T, Ra C, Shirai T, Hirose S. Transcriptional regulation of Fcgr2b gene by polymorphic promoter region and its contribution to humoral immune responses. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2002; 169:4340-6. [PMID: 12370366 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.169.8.4340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
FcgammaRIIB1 molecules serve as negative feedback regulator for B cell Ag receptor-elicited activation of B cells; thus, any impaired FcgammaRIIB1 function may possibly be related to aberrant B cell activation. We earlier found deletion polymorphism in the Fcgr2b promoter region among mouse strains in which systemic autoimmune disease-prone NZB, BXSB, MRL, and autoimmune diabetes-prone nonobese diabetic, but not NZW, BALB/c, and C57BL/6 mice have two identical deletion sites, consisting of 13 and 3 nucleotides. In this study, we established congenic C57BL/6 mice for NZB-type Fcgr2b allele and found that NZB-type allele down-regulates FcgammaRIIB1 expression levels in germinal center B cells and up-regulates IgG Ab responses. We did luciferase reporter assays to determine whether NZB-type deletion polymorphism affects transcriptional regulation of Fcgr2b gene. Although NZW- and BALB/c-derived segments from position -302 to +585 of Fcgr2b upstream region produced significant levels of luciferase activities, only a limited activity was detected in the NZB-derived sequence. EMSA and Southwestern analysis revealed that defect in transcription activity in the NZB-derived segment is likely due to absence of transactivation by AP-4, which binds to the polymorphic 13 nucleotide deletion site. Our data imply that because of the deficient AP-4 binding, the NZB-type Fcgr2b allele polymorphism results in up-regulation of IgG Ab responses through down-regulation of FcgammaRIIB1 expression levels in germinal center B cells, and that such polymorphism may possibly form the basis of autoimmune susceptibility in combination with other background contributing genes.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Alleles
- Animals
- Antibody Formation/genetics
- Antigens, CD/biosynthesis
- Antigens, CD/genetics
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Binding Sites/genetics
- Binding Sites/immunology
- Cell Line
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation/immunology
- Germinal Center/cytology
- Germinal Center/immunology
- Germinal Center/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred NZB
- Mice, Knockout
- Polymorphism, Genetic/immunology
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/immunology
- Receptors, IgG/biosynthesis
- Receptors, IgG/genetics
- Receptors, IgG/metabolism
- Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
- Spleen/cytology
- Spleen/immunology
- Spleen/metabolism
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic/genetics
- Transcription, Genetic/immunology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xiu
- Department of Pathology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xie S, Chang SH, Sedrak P, Kaliyaperumal A, Datta SK, Mohan C. Dominant NZB contributions to lupus in the (SWR x NZB)F1 model. Genes Immun 2002; 3 Suppl 1:S13-20. [PMID: 12215897 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gene.6363886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2001] [Accepted: 03/20/2002] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
(SWR x NZB)F1 (or SNF1) mice succumb to lupus nephritis. Analysis of NZB x SNF1 backcross mice has recently revealed the existence of four dominant SWR loci (H2 on Chr 17, Swrl-1 on Chr 1, Swrl-2 on Chr 14 and Swrl-3 on Chr 18), and two NZB loci (Nba1 and Lbw2/Sbw2, both on Chr 4) conferring lupus susceptibility. The present study focusing on a panel of 88 SWR x SNF1 backcross mice reveals the existence of five suggestive loci for antinuclear antibody formation, consisting of three dominant NZB contributions (Nba4 on Chr 5, Lbw4 on Chr 6, and Nba5 on Chr 7), and two recessive SWR contributions (Swrl-1 on Chr 1, and Swrl-4 on Chr 10). In addition, this study reveals a dominant NZB locus for GN (Nba3 on Chr 7, peak at 31 cM), and a dominant NZB locus linked to early mortality, on Chr 10 (peak at 4 cM). Collectively, these studies suggest that lupus in the SNF1 strain is the epistatic end-product of four dominant SWR loci and four dominant NZB loci. The immunological functions and molecular identities of these loci await elucidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Xie
- Simmon's Arthritis Research Center and the Center for Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Nguyen C, Limaye N, Wakeland EK. Susceptibility genes in the pathogenesis of murine lupus. ARTHRITIS RESEARCH 2002; 4 Suppl 3:S255-63. [PMID: 12110145 PMCID: PMC3240158 DOI: 10.1186/ar583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2002] [Accepted: 03/13/2002] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the paradigm of a multisystem autoimmune disease in which genetic factors strongly influence susceptibility. Through genome scans and congenic dissection, numerous loci associated with lupus susceptibility have been defined and the complexity of the inheritance of this disease has been revealed. In this review, we provide a brief description of animal models of SLE, both spontaneous models and synthetic models, with an emphasis on the B6 congenic model derived from analyses of the NZM2410 strain. A hypothetical model of disease progression that organizes many of the identified SLE susceptibility loci in three distinct biological pathways that interact to mediate disease pathogenesis is also described. We finally discuss our recent fine mapping analysis, which revealed a cluster of loci that actually comprise the Sle1 locus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles Nguyen
- Center for Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Nisha Limaye
- Center for Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Edward K Wakeland
- Center for Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|