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Seddouk L, Jamai L, Tazi K, Ettayebi M, Alaoui-Mhamdi M, Aleya L, Janati-Idrissi A. Isolation and characterization of a mesophilic cellulolytic endophyte Preussia africana from Juniperus oxycedrus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:45589-45600. [PMID: 35146609 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19151-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The medicinal plant Juniperus oxycedrus is less recognized for the diversity of its fungal endophytes and their potential to produce extracellular enzymes. The present study is the first report on the isolation and identification of a mesophilic endophytic strain JO-A, Preussia africana, from fresh stems of the J. oxycedrus endemic tree in the Ifrane region-Morocco, and the evaluation of its ability to produce cellulases. A one-time multi-parameter one-factor screening was optimized to select factors that enhance cellulase production in P. africana. The maximum production of both CMCase and FPase activities were 1.913 IU.mL-1 and 0.885 IU.mL-1, respectively, when the medium was supplemented with 2% w/v glucose. These remarkable titers were tenfold greater than those obtained under the initial non-optimized conditions. This mesophilic P. africana JO-A strain grows and actively produces cellulases at 37 °C demonstrating its great potential for various biotechnology applications. The cellulolytic extract showed the highest enzymatic activities at pH 5.0 and 50 °C with a half-life of 24 h at 50 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loubna Seddouk
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Conservation and Valorization of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences DM, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 1796 Atlas, Fez, Morocco
| | - Latifa Jamai
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Conservation and Valorization of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences DM, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 1796 Atlas, Fez, Morocco
| | - Karima Tazi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Conservation and Valorization of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences DM, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 1796 Atlas, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Ettayebi
- The Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammed Alaoui-Mhamdi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Conservation and Valorization of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences DM, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 1796 Atlas, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- CNRS 6249-Université de Franche-Comté, 16, route de Gray F-25030, Besançon cedex, France
| | - Abellatif Janati-Idrissi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Conservation and Valorization of Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences DM, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, P.O. Box 1796 Atlas, Fez, Morocco
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Ferreira Filho JA, Horta MAC, Dos Santos CA, Almeida DA, Murad NF, Mendes JS, Sforça DA, Silva CBC, Crucello A, de Souza AP. "Integrative genomic analysis of the bioprospection of regulators and accessory enzymes associated with cellulose degradation in a filamentous fungus (Trichoderma harzianum)". BMC Genomics 2020; 21:757. [PMID: 33138770 PMCID: PMC7607812 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07158-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unveiling fungal genome structure and function reveals the potential biotechnological use of fungi. Trichoderma harzianum is a powerful CAZyme-producing fungus. We studied the genomic regions in T. harzianum IOC3844 containing CAZyme genes, transcription factors and transporters. RESULTS We used bioinformatics tools to mine the T. harzianum genome for potential genomics, transcriptomics, and exoproteomics data and coexpression networks. The DNA was sequenced by PacBio SMRT technology for multiomics data analysis and integration. In total, 1676 genes were annotated in the genomic regions analyzed; 222 were identified as CAZymes in T. harzianum IOC3844. When comparing transcriptome data under cellulose or glucose conditions, 114 genes were differentially expressed in cellulose, with 51 being CAZymes. CLR2, a transcription factor physically and phylogenetically conserved in Trichoderma spp., was differentially expressed under cellulose conditions. The genes induced/repressed under cellulose conditions included those important for plant biomass degradation, including CIP2 of the CE15 family and a copper-dependent LPMO of the AA9 family. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide new insights into the relationship between genomic organization and hydrolytic enzyme expression and regulation in T. harzianum IOC3844. Our results can improve plant biomass degradation, which is fundamental for developing more efficient strains and/or enzymatic cocktails to produce hydrolytic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaire A Ferreira Filho
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Augusta C Horta
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Holzforshung München, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Clelton A Dos Santos
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Deborah A Almeida
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Natália F Murad
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliano S Mendes
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Danilo A Sforça
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudio Benício C Silva
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Crucello
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Anete P de Souza
- Center for Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering (CBMEG), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
- Dept. de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, CEP 13083-875, Brazil.
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Massarente VS, de Araujo Zanoni J, Gomes E, Bonilla-Rodriguez GO. Biochemical characterization of endoglucanases produced by Myceliophthora thermophila M.7.7 in solid-state culture. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Li JX, Zhang F, Jiang DD, Li J, Wang FL, Zhang Z, Wang W, Zhao XQ. Diversity of Cellulase-Producing Filamentous Fungi From Tibet and Transcriptomic Analysis of a Superior Cellulase Producer Trichoderma harzianum LZ117. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1617. [PMID: 32760377 PMCID: PMC7372938 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Filamentous fungi are widely used for producing cellulolytic enzymes to degrade lignocellulosic biomass. Microbial resources from Tibet have received great attention due to the unique geographic and climatic conditions in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. However, studies on cellulase producing fungal strains originated from Tibet remain very limited, and so far no studies have been focused on regulation of cellulase production of the specific strains thereof. Here, filamentous fungal strains were isolated from soil, plant, and other environments in Tibet, and cellulase-producing strains were further investigated. A total of 88 filamentous fungal strains were identified, and screening of cellulase-producing fungi revealed that 16 strains affiliated with the genera Penicillium, Trichoderma, Aspergillus, and Talaromyces exhibited varying cellulolytic activities. Among these strains, T. harzianum isolate LZ117 is the most potent producer. Comparative transcriptome analysis using T. harzianum LZ117 and the control strain T. harzianum K223452 cultured on cellulose indicated an intensive modulation of gene transcription related to protein synthesis and quality control. Furthermore, transcription of xyr1 which encodes the global transcriptional activator for cellulase expression was significantly up-regulated. Transcription of cre1 and other predicted repressors controlling cellulase gene expression was decreased in T. harzianum LZ117, which may contribute to enhancing formation of primary cellulases. To our knowledge, this is the first report that the transcription landscape at the early enzyme production stage of T. harzianum was comprehensively described, and detailed analysis on modulation of transporters, regulatory proteins as well as protein synthesis and processing was presented. Our study contributes to increasing the catalog of publicly available transcriptome data from T. harzianum, and provides useful clues for unraveling the biotechnological potential of this species for lignocellulosic biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jun Li
- R&D Center, JALA Group Co., Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Qing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Zhang Y, Yang J, Luo L, Wang E, Wang R, Liu L, Liu J, Yuan H. Low-Cost Cellulase-Hemicellulase Mixture Secreted by Trichoderma harzianum EM0925 with Complete Saccharification Efficacy of Lignocellulose. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E371. [PMID: 31936000 PMCID: PMC7014229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermentable sugars are important intermediate products in the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to biofuels and other value-added bio-products. The main bottlenecks limiting the production of fermentable sugars from lignocellulosic biomass are the high cost and the low saccharification efficiency of degradation enzymes. Herein, we report the secretome of Trichoderma harzianum EM0925 under induction of lignocellulose. Numerously and quantitatively balanced cellulases and hemicellulases, especially high levels of glycosidases, could be secreted by T. harzianum EM0925. Compared with the commercial enzyme preparations, the T. harzianum EM0925 enzyme cocktail presented significantly higher lignocellulolytic enzyme activities and hydrolysis efficiency against lignocellulosic biomass. Moreover, 100% yields of glucose and xylose were obtained simultaneously from ultrafine grinding and alkali pretreated corn stover. These findings demonstrate a natural cellulases and hemicellulases mixture for complete conversion of biomass polysaccharide, suggesting T. harzianum EM0925 enzymes have great potential for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Y.); (R.W.); (L.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jinshui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Y.); (R.W.); (L.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Lijin Luo
- Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou 350007, China;
| | - Entao Wang
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | - Ruonan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Y.); (R.W.); (L.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Y.); (R.W.); (L.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiawen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Y.); (R.W.); (L.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Hongli Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (J.Y.); (R.W.); (L.L.); (J.L.)
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Li JX, Zhang F, Li J, Zhang Z, Bai FW, Chen J, Zhao XQ. Rapid production of lignocellulolytic enzymes by Trichoderma harzianum LZ117 isolated from Tibet for biomass degradation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 292:122063. [PMID: 31473036 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Trichoderma harzianum LZ117 was obtained during screening of cellulolytic enzyme producers from samples collected in Tibet. T. harzianum LZ117 exhibits dramatically earlier enzyme induction (48 h) and shorter fermentation time (5 days) during cellulase production when compared with the widely studied strain T. reesei QM9414. Strain LZ117 showed 61% of the maximum cellulase activity at 48 h, whereas only 17% of the maximum cellulase activity was detected in QM9414 at the same culture time. Early induction and rapid production of cellulase were also observed in LZ117 when compared with two other T. harzianum strains. Significantly higher glucose yield was obtained using crude enzyme from strain LZ117 from pretreated corn stover and Jerusalem artichoke stalks when compared with that of T. harzianum reference strain K223452. These results indicate that strain LZ117 is a promising cellulase producer for bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jun Li
- R&D Center, JALA Group. Co., Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zhang Zhang
- R&D Center, JALA Group. Co., Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Feng-Wu Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xin-Qing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Wang H, Zhai L, Geng A. Enhanced cellulase and reducing sugar production by a new mutant strain Trichoderma harzianum EUA20. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 129:242-249. [PMID: 31561850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2019.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Trichoderma harzianum EU2-77 was a mutant strain of the wild-type strain T. harzianum NP13a isolated in Singapore. A multi-mutagenesis one-screening (MMOS) method was developed to further improve strain EU2-77 and a new mutant EUA20 was obtained. It exhibited filter paper cellulase (FPase) activity up to 14.79 IU/mL within 6 days shake flask cultivation. Activities of FPase, endoglucanase, β-glucosidase, and xylanase, and protein content by EUA20 were respectively increased to 5.73, 4.35, 7.34, 1.80 and 2.70 folds. Using pretreated oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) and corncob powder as the substrates, strain EUA20 presented approximate 6.52 and 8.80 IU/ml FPase activity. Reducing sugar yield of 615.8 and 636.8 mg/g biomass were respectively obtained for OPEFB and corncob powder using cellulolytic enzymes of strain EUA20. Our results demonstrated that mutant strain EUA20 had great potential in on-site cellulase production for effective biomass bioconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengwei Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Chemical Technology, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, 535 Clementi Road, 599489, Singapore.
| | - Lili Zhai
- School of Life Sciences and Chemical Technology, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, 535 Clementi Road, 599489, Singapore.
| | - Anli Geng
- School of Life Sciences and Chemical Technology, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, 535 Clementi Road, 599489, Singapore.
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Carbohydrate binding modules enhance cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis by increasing access of cellulases to the substrate. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 211:57-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Libardi N, Soccol CR, Góes-Neto A, Oliveira JD, Vandenberghe LPDS. Domestic wastewater as substrate for cellulase production by Trichoderma harzianum. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Production of endoglucanase from Trichoderma reesei RUT C30 and its application in deinking of printed office waste paper. Biologia (Bratisl) 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2016-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Daâssi D, Zouari-Mechichi H, Belbahri L, Barriuso J, Martínez MJ, Nasri M, Mechichi T. Phylogenetic and metabolic diversity of Tunisian forest wood-degrading fungi: a wealth of novelties and opportunities for biotechnology. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:46. [PMID: 28330115 PMCID: PMC4742418 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-015-0356-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, 51 fungal strains were isolated from decaying wood samples collected from forests located in the Northwest of Tunisia in the vicinity of Bousalem, Ain Draham and Kef. Phylogenetic analysis based on the sequences of the internal transcribed spacers of the ribosomal DNA showed a high diversity among the 51 fungal isolates collection. Representatives of 25 genera and 29 species were identified, most of which were members of one of the following phyla (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Zygomycota). In addition to the phylogenetic diversity, a high diversity of secreted enzyme profiles was also detected among the fungal isolates. All fungal strains produced at least one of the following enzymes: laccase, cellulase, protease and/or lipase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalel Daâssi
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, University of Sfax, Route de Soukra Km 4,5, BP 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia.
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Khulais, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Héla Zouari-Mechichi
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, University of Sfax, Route de Soukra Km 4,5, BP 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Lassaad Belbahri
- Laboratory of Soil Biology, University of Neuchatel, Rue Emile Argand 11, 2009, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- NextBiotech, Agareb, Tunisia
| | - Jorge Barriuso
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Jesús Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Moncef Nasri
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, University of Sfax, Route de Soukra Km 4,5, BP 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Tahar Mechichi
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, University of Sfax, Route de Soukra Km 4,5, BP 1173, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Bagewadi ZK, Mulla SI, Ninnekar HZ. Purification and characterization of endo β-1,4-D-glucanase from Trichoderma harzianum strain HZN11 and its application in production of bioethanol from sweet sorghum bagasse. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:101. [PMID: 28330171 PMCID: PMC4829572 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0421-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
An acidophilic-solvent-thermostable endo β-1,4-D-glucanase produced from a potential Trichoderma harzianum strain HZN11 was purified to homogeneity by DEAE-Sepharose and Sephadex G-100 chromatography with 33.12 fold purification with specific activity of 66.25 U/mg and molecular mass of ~55 kDa. The optimum temperature and pH were 60 °C and 5.5 retaining 76 and 85 % of activity after 3 h, respectively. It showed stability between pH 4.5-6.0 and temperature between 50-70 °C indicating thermostability. Endo β-1,4-D-glucanase was activated by Ca2+ and Mg2+ but inhibited by Hg2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+. The effect of thiol reagents, metal chelators, oxidizing agents and surfactants on enzyme activity has been studied. Purified endo β-1,4-D-glucanase exhibited highest specificity towards carboxymethyl cellulose. Kinetic analysis showed the K m, V max and K i (cellobiose inhibitor) of 2.5 mg/mL, 83.75 U/mg and 0.066 M, respectively. The storage stability of purified endo β-1,4-D-glucanase showed a loss of mere 13 % over a period of 60 days. The hydrolysis efficiency of purified endo β-1,4-D-glucanase mixed with cocktail was demonstrated over commercial enzyme. Optimized enzymatic hydrolysis of sweet sorghum and sugarcane bagasse released 5.2 g/g (36 h) and 6.8 g/g (48 h) of reducing sugars, respectively. Separate hydrolysis and fermentation of sweet sorghum bagasse yielded 4.3 g/L bioethanol (16 h) confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Morphological and structural changes were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Elemental analysis was carried out by SEM equipped with energy dispersive X-ray technique. These unique properties prove the potentiality of enzyme for biomass conversion to biofuel and other industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zabin K Bagewadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580 003, Karnataka, India
| | - Sikandar I Mulla
- Department of Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580 003, Karnataka, India
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Optimisation of Cellulase Production by Penicillium funiculosum in a Stirred Tank Bioreactor Using Multivariate Response Surface Analysis. Enzyme Res 2014; 2014:703291. [PMID: 25057412 PMCID: PMC4099281 DOI: 10.1155/2014/703291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing interest in the production of second-generation ethanol necessitates the low-cost production of enzymes from the cellulolytic complex (endoglucanases, exoglucanases, and β-glucosidases), which act synergistically in cellulose breakdown. The present work aimed to optimise a bioprocess to produce these biocatalysts from the fungus Penicillium funiculosum ATCC11797. A statistical full factorial design (FFD) was employed to determine the optimal conditions for cellulase production. The optimal composition of culture media using Avicel (10 g·L−1) as carbon source was determined to include urea (1.2 g·L−1), yeast extract (1.0 g·L−1), KH2PO4 (6.0 g·L−1), and MgSO4·7H2O (1.2 g·L−1). The growth process was performed in batches in a bioreactor. Using a different FFD strategy, the optimised bioreactor operational conditions of an agitation speed of 220 rpm and aeration rate of 0.6 vvm allowed the obtainment of an enzyme pool with activities of 508 U·L−1 for FPase, 9,204 U·L−1 for endoglucanase, and 2,395 U·L−1 for β-glucosidase. The sequential optimisation strategy was effective and afforded increased cellulase production in the order from 3.6 to 9.5 times higher than production using nonoptimised conditions.
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Characterization and High Level Expression of Acidic Endoglucanase in Pichia pastoris. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 172:2253-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0672-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Benoliel B, Torres FAG, de Moraes LMP. A novel promising Trichoderma harzianum strain for the production of a cellulolytic complex using sugarcane bagasse in natura. SPRINGERPLUS 2013; 2:656. [PMID: 24349958 PMCID: PMC3862859 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-2-656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Brazil is a major producer of agro-industrial residues, such as sugarcane bagasse, which could be used as raw material for microbial production of cellulases as an important strategy for the development of sustainable processes of second generation ethanol production. For this purpose, this work aimed at screening for glycosyl hydrolase activities of fungal strains isolated from the Brazilian Cerrado. Among 13 isolates, a Trichoderma harzianum strain (L04) was identified as a promising candidate for cellulase production when cultured on in natura sugarcane bagasse. Strain L04 revealed a well-balanced cellulolytic complex, presenting fast kinetic production of endoglucanases, exoglucanases and β-glucosidases, achieving 4,022, U.L-1 (72 h), 1,228 U.L-1 (120 h) and 1,968 U.L-1 (48 h) as the highest activities, respectively. About 60% glucose yields were obtained from sugarcane bagasse after 18 hours hydrolysis. This new strain represents a potential candidate for on-site enzyme production using sugarcane bagasse as carbon source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Benoliel
- Centro de Biotecnologia Molecular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Fernando Araripe Gonçalves Torres
- Centro de Biotecnologia Molecular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Lidia Maria Pepe de Moraes
- Centro de Biotecnologia Molecular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil ; Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910-900 Brazil
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The capability of endophytic fungi for production of hemicellulases and related enzymes. BMC Biotechnol 2013; 13:94. [PMID: 24175970 PMCID: PMC3840621 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-13-94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is an imperative necessity for alternative sources of energy able to reduce the world dependence of fossil oil. One of the most successful options is ethanol obtained mainly from sugarcane and corn fermentation. The foremost residue from sugarcane industry is the bagasse, a rich lignocellulosic raw material uses for the production of ethanol second generation (2G). New cellulolytic and hemicellulytic enzymes are needed, in order to optimize the degradation of bagasse and production of ethanol 2G. Results The ability to produce hemicellulases and related enzymes, suitable for lignocellulosic biomass deconstruction, was explored using 110 endophytic fungi and 9 fungi isolated from spoiled books in Brazil. Two initial selections were performed, one employing the esculin gel diffusion assay, and the other by culturing on agar plate media with beechwood xylan and liquor from the hydrothermal pretreatment of sugar cane bagasse. A total of 56 isolates were then grown at 29°C on steam-exploded delignified sugar cane bagasse (DEB) plus soybean bran (SB) (3:1), with measurement of the xylanase, pectinase, β-glucosidase, CMCase, and FPase activities. Twelve strains were selected, and their enzyme extracts were assessed using different substrates. Finally, the best six strains were grown under xylan and pectin, and several glycohydrolases activities were also assessed. These strains were identified morphologically and by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and the partial β-tubulin gene (BT2). The best six strains were identified as Aspergillus niger DR02, Trichoderma atroviride DR17 and DR19, Alternaria sp. DR45, Annulohypoxylon stigyum DR47 and Talaromyces wortmannii DR49. These strains produced glycohydrolases with different profiles, and production was highly influenced by the carbon sources in the media. Conclusions The selected endophytic fungi Aspergillus niger DR02, Trichoderma atroviride DR17 and DR19, Alternaria sp. DR45, Annulohypoxylon stigyum DR47 and Talaromyces wortmannii DR49 are excellent producers of hydrolytic enzymes to be used as part of blends to decompose sugarcane biomass at industrial level.
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Valencia EY, Chambergo FS. Mini-review: Brazilian fungi diversity for biomass degradation. Fungal Genet Biol 2013; 60:9-18. [PMID: 23872076 DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2013.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Brazil houses over 10% of the total number of known species on Earth, with a great diversity of plants and fungi. The collection, isolation, identification and conservation of filamentous fungi with relevance to agriculture, pharmaceutical, food and biotechnological industries in Biological Resource Centers (CRBs) is very important to the development of a nation's scientific and technological infrastructure. In Brazil, 36 fungal collections are registered in the database of International Collections. Several federal and state programs have encouraged the formation of a researcher's network in order to study natural resources and the nation's biodiversity. In this context, Brazilian researchers have been on the frontiers of knowledge, investigating the enzymatic systems from native filamentous fungi with potential for biomass degradation and biotechnological application. In this review, we address recent progress in Brazilian fungal research, focusing on the identification and study of fungi and enzymes with potential for biomass degradation and application in bioenergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Y Valencia
- Departamento de Microbiologia Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
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Predictions of Enzymatic Parameters: A Mini-Review with Focus on Enzymes for Biofuel. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 171:590-615. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0328-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Do Vale LHF, Gómez-Mendoza DP, Kim MS, Pandey A, Ricart CAO, Edivaldo XFF, Sousa MV. Secretome analysis of the fungus Trichoderma harzianum grown on cellulose. Proteomics 2012; 12:2716-28. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis H. F. Do Vale
- Brazilian Center for Protein Research; Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry; Department of Cell Biology; University of Brasilia; Brasilia; DF; Brazil
| | - Diana P. Gómez-Mendoza
- Brazilian Center for Protein Research; Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry; Department of Cell Biology; University of Brasilia; Brasilia; DF; Brazil
| | - Min-Sik Kim
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore; MD; USA
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore; MD; USA
| | - Carlos A. O. Ricart
- Brazilian Center for Protein Research; Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry; Department of Cell Biology; University of Brasilia; Brasilia; DF; Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo V. Sousa
- Brazilian Center for Protein Research; Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry; Department of Cell Biology; University of Brasilia; Brasilia; DF; Brazil
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Vizoná Liberato M, Cardoso Generoso W, Malagó W, Henrique-Silva F, Polikarpov I. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of endoglucanase III from Trichoderma harzianum. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2012; 68:306-9. [PMID: 22442229 PMCID: PMC3310537 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309112000838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Endoglucanases are enzymes that hydrolyze cellulose and are important components of the cellulolytic complex. In contrast to other members of the complex, they cleave internal β-1,4-glycosidic bonds in the cellulose polymer, allowing cellulose to be used as an energy source. Since biomass is an important renewable source of energy, the structural and functional characterization of these enzymes is of interest. In this study, endoglucanase III from Trichoderma harzianum was produced in Pichia pastoris and purified. Crystals belonging to the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 47.54, b = 55.57, c = 157.3 Å, were obtained by the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method and an X-ray diffraction data set was collected to 2.07 Å resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Vizoná Liberato
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador Sãocarlense 400, 13566-590 São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Wesley Cardoso Generoso
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km. 235, 13565-905 São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Wilson Malagó
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km. 235, 13565-905 São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Flávio Henrique-Silva
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km. 235, 13565-905 São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Igor Polikarpov
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador Sãocarlense 400, 13566-590 São Carlos-SP, Brazil
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Zambare VP, Bhalla A, Muthukumarappan K, Sani RK, Christopher LP. Bioprocessing of agricultural residues to ethanol utilizing a cellulolytic extremophile. Extremophiles 2011; 15:611-8. [PMID: 21837419 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-011-0391-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A recently discovered thermophilic isolate, Geobacillus sp. R7, was shown to produce a thermostable cellulase with a high hydrolytic potential when grown on extrusion-pretreated agricultural residues such corn stover and prairie cord grass. At 70°C and 15-20% solids, the thermostable cellulase was able to partially liquefy solid biomass only after 36 h of hydrolysis time. The hydrolytic capabilities of Geobacillus sp. R7 cellulase were comparable to those of a commercial cellulase. Fermentation of the enzymatic hydrolyzates with Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 24860 produced ethanol yields of 0.45-0.50 g ethanol/g glucose with more than 99% glucose utilization. It was further demonstrated that Geobacillus sp. R7 can ferment the lignocellulosic substrates to ethanol in a single step that could facilitate the development of a consolidated bioprocessing as an alternative approach for bioethanol production with outstanding potential for cost reductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudeo P Zambare
- Center for Bioprocessing Research and Development, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, 57701, USA
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