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Akhlaghian M, Khaledi AA, Mosaddad SA, Dabiri S, Giti R, Kadkhodae F, Gholami S. The internal and marginal adaptation of lithium disilicate endocrowns fabricated using intra and extraoral scanners: An in-vitro study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301361. [PMID: 38625957 PMCID: PMC11021016 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The impression technique highly influences the adaptation of ceramic restorations. Not enough information is available to compare the marginal (MF) and internal fit (IF) of endocrowns fabricated with various digitization techniques. Therefore, this in-vitro study aimed to compare the MF and IF of lithium disilicate (LDS) endocrowns fabricated through direct and indirect digital scanning methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS One extracted maxillary molar was used to fabricate endocrowns. The digitization of the model was performed with (G1) direct scanning (n = 10) utilizing an intraoral scanner (IOS), (G2) indirectly scanning the conventional impression taken from the model using the same IOS (n = 10), (G3) indirectly digitalizing the obtained impression using an extraoral scanner (EOS) (n = 10), and (G4) scanning the poured cast using the same EOS (n = 10). The MF and IF of the endocrowns were measured using the replica method and a digital stereomicroscope. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze data. RESULTS The studied groups differed significantly (p<0.001). G2 (130.31±7.87 μm) and G3 (48.43±19.14 μm) showed the largest and smallest mean vertical marginal gap, respectively. G2 and G3 led to the highest and lowest internal gaps in all regions, respectively. With significant differences among the internal regions (p<0.001), the pulpal area demonstrated the most considerable misfit in all groups. CONCLUSIONS Scanning the impression using an extraoral scanner showed smaller marginal and internal gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Akhlaghian
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Amir-Alireza Khaledi
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Mosaddad
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- Faculty of Odontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Bucofacial Prosthesis, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sana Dabiri
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rashin Giti
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Farhad Kadkhodae
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shabnam Gholami
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Giti R, Farrahi P. Marginal fit of 3-unit implant-supported fixed partial dentures: Influence of pattern fabrication method and repeated porcelain firings. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301799. [PMID: 38625846 PMCID: PMC11020902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marginal fit significantly impacts the long-term success of dental restorations. Different pattern fabrication methods, including hand-waxing, milling, or 3D printing, may affect restorations accuracy. The effect of porcelain firing cycles on the marginal fit of metal-ceramic restorations remains controversial, with conflicting findings across studies. PURPOSE The aim was to evaluate the potential effects of multiple porcelain firings (3, 5, 7 cycles) as well as pattern fabrication method (conventional hand-waxing, milling, and 3D printing) on the marginal adaptation of 3-unit implant-supported metal-ceramic fixed partial dentures. It was hypothesized that neither the wax pattern fabrication method nor repeated ceramic firings would significantly affect the marginal adaptation of metal-ceramic crowns. METHODS In this in-vitro study, 30 Cobalt-Chromium alloy frameworks were fabricated based on pattern made through three techniques: conventional hand-waxing, CAD-CAM milling, and CAD-CAM 3D printing (n = 10 per group). Sixteen locations were marked on each abutment to measure the vertical marginal gap at four stages: before porcelain veneering and after 3, 5, and 7 firing cycles. The vertical marginal gap was measured using direct microscopic technique at ×80 magnification. Mean vertical marginal gap values were calculated and two-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests were used for inter-group comparisons (α = 0.05). RESULTS The 3D printing group showed significantly lower (P<0.001) mean vertical marginal gaps (60-76 μm) compared to the milling (77-115 μm) and conventional hand-waxing (102-110 μm) groups. The milling group exhibited a significant vertical gap increase after 3 firing cycles (P<0.001); while the conventional (P = 0.429) and 3D printing groups (P = 0.501) showed no significant changes after 7 firing cycles. Notably, the vertical marginal gap in all groups remained below the clinically acceptable threshold of 120 μm. CONCLUSION CAD-CAM 3D printing provided superior marginal fit compared to CAD-CAM milling and conventional hand-wax pattern fabrication methods. The impact of porcelain firing on the mean marginal gap was significant only in the milling group. All three fabrication techniques yielded clinically acceptable vertical marginal adaptation after repeated firings. Additive manufacturing holds promise to produce precise implant-supported prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashin Giti
- Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Pardis Farrahi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
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Khaledi AA, Shalileh S, Hejazi M, Giti R. Influence of screw channel angulation on reverse torque value and fracture resistance in monolithic zirconia restorations after thermomechanical cycling: an in-vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:389. [PMID: 38532413 PMCID: PMC11289999 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04171-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the concept of angled screw channels has gained popularity, there remains a scarcity of research concerning the torque loss and fracture strength of monolithic zirconia restorations with various screw channel angulations when exposed to thermomechanical cycling. This in-vitro study aimed to evaluate the reverse torque value and fracture resistance of one-piece screw-retained hybrid monolithic zirconia restorations with angulated screw channels after thermomechanical cycling. METHODS One-piece monolithic zirconia restorations, with angulated screw channels set at 0°, 15°, and 25° (n = 6 per angulation) were fabricated and bonded to titanium inserts using a dual-cure adhesive resin cement. These assemblies were then screwed to implant fixtures embedded in acrylic resin using an omnigrip screwdriver, and reverse torque values were recorded before and after thermomechanical cycles. Additionally, fracture modes were assessed subsequent to the application of compressive load. One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to compare the groups (α = 0.05). RESULTS The study groups were significantly different regarding the fracture resistance (P = 0.0015), but only insignificantly different in the mean percentage torque loss (P = 0.4400). Specifically, the fracture resistance of the 15° group was insignificantly higher compared to the 0° group (P = 0.9037), but significantly higher compared to the 25° group (P = 0.0051). Furthermore, the fracture resistance of the 0° group was significantly higher than that of the 25° group (P = 0.0114). CONCLUSIONS One-piece hybrid monolithic zirconia restorations with angulated screw channels can be considered an acceptable choice for angulated implants in esthetic areas, providing satisfactory fracture strength and torque loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Alireza Khaledi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Shouka Shalileh
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Maryam Hejazi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Rashin Giti
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran.
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Giti R, Jebal R. How could mouthwashes affect the color stability and translucency of various types of monolithic zirconia? An in-vitro study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295420. [PMID: 38039318 PMCID: PMC10691725 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the color stability and translucency of various types of monolithic zirconia after immersion in chlorhexidine and Listerine mouthwashes. MATERIALS AND METHODS This experimental study was performed on 36 disk-shaped specimens fabricated from low-translucent, high-translucent, and multilayered monolithic zirconia (n = 12 per group). Each group was equally divided and immersed in either 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) or Listerine mouthwash for 2 min daily over 7 days. Changes in color (ΔE) and the translucency parameter (ΔTP) were evaluated and compared. The data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-hoc tests (α = 0.05). RESULTS Chlorhexidine caused a significantly lower ΔE and a significantly higher ΔTP in multilayered zirconia compared to the low-translucency (ΔE: P = 0.0027, ΔTP: P<0.001) and the high-translucency zirconia group (ΔE: P<0.001, ΔTP: P = 0.022). Listerine caused a significantly higher ΔE in the high-translucency zirconia group compared to the multilayered zirconia group (P = 0.0165). It also resulted in a significantly higher mean ΔTP in the multilayered zirconia group compared to the low-translucency (P = 0.0003) and high-translucency zirconia groups (P = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS In both mouthwashes, multilayered monolithic zirconia exhibited the highest color stability among the tested materials; albeit with the most pronounced changes in translucency. Meanwhile, high-translucency monolithic zirconia was more prone to discoloration when exposed to both mouthwashes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashin Giti
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Reza Jebal
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
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Aditi P, Mehta S, Raj R. Comparative evaluation of shear bond strength at the interface of monolithic zirconia with two distinct core build-up materials: An in vitro study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2023; 23:178-183. [PMID: 37102544 PMCID: PMC10262097 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_1_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The study aimed to evaluate and compare the shear bond strength (SBS) at the interface of monolithic zirconia with zirconomer (Zr) core build-up, a new type of glass ionomer cement to monolithic zirconia with composite resin core build-up material. Setting and Design In vitro a comparative study. Materials and Methods A total of 32 disk-shaped samples of monolithic zirconia and two distinct core build-up materials: Zr (n = 16) and composite resin (n = 16) were used. The two components, monolithic zirconia with Zr core build-up and monolithic zirconia with composite resin core build-up, were bonded using zirconia primer and self-adhesive, dual-cure cement. The samples were subsequently thermocycled, and the SBS was tested at their interfaces. The failure modes were determined using a stereomicroscope. Data were evaluated using the descriptive analysis for mean, standard deviation, confidence interval, and independent t-test for intergroup comparison. Statistical Analysis Used Descriptive analysis, independent t-test, Chi-square test. Results The mean SBS (megapascals) of monolithic zirconia to Zr core build-up (0.74) was statistically significant when compared to monolithic zirconia with composite resin core build-up material (7.25) (P ≤ 0.001). Zirconomer core build-up showed 100% adhesive failure; composite resin core build-up had 43.8% cohesive, 31.2% mixed, and 25.0% adhesive failures. Conclusion When evaluating the two core build-up materials' bindings to monolithic zirconia, Zr and composite resin core build-up showed statistically significant differences. Although Zr has been demonstrated to be the optimal core build-up material; however, additional investigation is required to determine how it bonds to monolithic zirconia more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parmar Aditi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Manubhai Patel Dental College, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Sonal Mehta
- Department of Prosthodontics, Manubhai Patel Dental College, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Ruchi Raj
- Department of Prosthodontics, Manubhai Patel Dental College, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
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Mohit KG, Lakha TA, Chinchwade A, Batul QA, Shaikh M, Kheur SM. Effects of surface modification techniques on zirconia substrates and their effect on bonding to dual cure resin cement - An in- vitro study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2022; 22:179-187. [PMID: 36511029 PMCID: PMC9132501 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_298_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim This study aims to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments of monolithic zirconia on the bond strength of resin to zirconia and, to explore alternative methods to improve this bonding. Settings and Design In-Vitro study. Materials and Methods Fifty rectangular sintered blocks of Yttria-stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystal ceramics of dimensions were milled and sintered. These specimens were further divided into five groups (control, air abrasion, etching with primer application, air abrasion with primer application and novel glass infiltrated zirconia surface group), containing 10 samples each. The specimens were analyzed for surface roughness, tensile bond strength to resin cements, and adhesive and cohesive mode of failures. Statistical Analysis Used ANOVA and Post-Hoc Tukey test was perform to evaluate the significant differences in the mean values of the groups. Results Air-abraded samples showed the highest surface roughness (4.95 ± 0.65) (P < 0.05). The group with air abrasion followed by primer application showed the highest tensile bond strength (7.12 ± 0.69) (P < 0.05). The lowest surface roughness (0.638 ± 0.8093) and tensile bond strength (2.03 ± 0.58) was seen in samples that were subjected to etchant treatment followed by application of methacryloyloxydecyl di-hydrogen phosphate (MDP) primer. The changes in comparison to the control group were statistically insignificant (P > 0.05). Except Groups A (control) and C (etchant followed by primer), all other groups showed a cohesive failure. Conclusion Air abrasion of the zirconia surface with 50 μm alumina particles increases the surface roughness without damaging the surface. Air abrasion followed by MDP primer application is the recommended method of surface treatment to achieve superior bonding. Glass infiltration also showed promising results in terms of tensile bond strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. G. Mohit
- Department of and Prosthodontics and Implantology, M.A. Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. K. G. Mohit, M.A. Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India. E-mail:
| | - Tabrez Amin Lakha
- Department of and Prosthodontics and Implantology, M.A. Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aishwarya Chinchwade
- Department of and Prosthodontics and Implantology, M.A. Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Qamri A. Batul
- Department of Prosthodontics, Implantology and Maxillofacial Prosthetics, M.A. Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mohsin Shaikh
- Department of and Prosthodontics and Implantology, M.A. Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Supriya M. Kheur
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, D.Y. Patil Dental College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Ansarifard E, Panbehzan Z, Giti R. Evaluation of microhardness and water sorption/solubility of dual-cure resin cement through monolithic zirconia in different shades. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2021; 21:50-56. [PMID: 33835068 PMCID: PMC8061437 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_284_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The objective is to evaluate the effect of shades of monolithic zirconia on the microhardness and sorption/solubility of the underlying two dual-cured resin types of cement. Materials and Methods: Eighty samples of two dual-cured resin cement discs were polymerized under 60 monolithic zirconia discs in three shades and directly activated resin discs of cement were used as the control group (n = 10). After 24 h storage at 37°C in an incubator, Vickers microhardness and the sorption and solubility were measured. Statistical Analysis Used: Two-way ANOVA , one-way ANOVA, Independent t-test, Tukey's honestly significant difference, and Tamhane's T2 tests. Results: The mean microhardness of the Variolink N resin cements were significantly higher than Panavia SA ones (P < 0.001). Furthermore, Variolink N cements exhibited lower sorption/solubility than Panavia SA resin cements (both P < 0.05). The ceramic shade had a significant influence on the microhardness of both cements (P < 0.001) but had no significant effect on the sorption/solubility of resin cements (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Interposition of monolithic zirconia decreases the microhardness of resin cement especially Panavia SA. In Variolink N, by increasing the chroma saturation of ceramics, the microhardness decreased, however in Panavia SA, it was altered by the shades, but not in a specific pattern. For both cements, there were no statistical differences between the sorption/solubility of samples photo-cured under different shades. There was a reverse correlation between microhardness and water sorption/solubility of both cements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ansarifard
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Panbehzan
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rashin Giti
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Terni PM, Nadgere JB, Ram SM, Shah NP, Mahadevan J. Comparative evaluation of the shear bond strength of adhesive and self-adhesive resin luting agents to three commercially available composite core build-up materials: An in vitro study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2019; 19:255-260. [PMID: 31462865 PMCID: PMC6685342 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_84_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of the study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of adhesive and self-adhesive resin luting agents (RLAs) to three commercially available composite core build-up materials (CBMs). Settings and Design Comparative -invitro study. Materials and Methods Sixty samples, 20 each of self-cure (Incore, Medicept: Group I), light cure (Light-Core, Bisco: Group II), and dual cure (LuxaCore Z-Dual, DMG America: Group III) composite CBMs were made in the lower mold space of a customized stainless steel jig. They were further subdivided into subgroups A and B for bonding with the adhesive (RelyX Ultimate, 3M ESPE) and self-adhesive (RelyX Unicem, 3M ESPE) RLAs respectively. For specimens in subgroup A, the bonding agent (Scotchbond Universal Adhesive, 3M ESPE) was rubbed onto the surface for 20 s prior to bonding with the adhesive RLA. For specimens in subgroup B, no pretreatment of the surface was carried out. The CBM-luting agent sample was tested for the shear bond strength in a universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis Used ANOVA, Tukey's multiple comparison, and independent t-test. Results Adhesive RLA showed the highest shear bond strength to light cured composite CBM. Self-adhesive RLA showed the highest shear bond strength to dual-cured composite CBM. Adhesive RLA showed higher shear bond strength to all three composite CBMs as compared to the self-adhesive luting agent. This difference was statistically significant for the self-cure and light cure composite CBMs. Conclusion Adhesive RLA showed greater shear bond strengths to all the three groups of composite CBMs as compared to self-adhesive RLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachiti M Terni
- Department of Prosthodontics, MGM Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jyoti B Nadgere
- Department of Prosthodontics, MGM Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sabita M Ram
- Department of Prosthodontics, MGM Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Naisargi P Shah
- Department of Prosthodontics, Terna Dental College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Janani Mahadevan
- Department of Prosthodontics, MGM Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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