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Post Y, Lu C, Fletcher RB, Yeh WC, Nguyen H, Lee SJ, Li Y. Design principles and therapeutic applications of novel synthetic WNT signaling agonists. iScience 2024; 27:109938. [PMID: 38832011 PMCID: PMC11145361 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Wingless-related integration site or Wingless and Int-1 or Wingless-Int (WNT) signaling is crucial for embryonic development, and adult tissue homeostasis and regeneration, through its essential roles in cell fate, patterning, and stem cell regulation. The biophysical characteristics of WNT ligands have hindered efforts to interrogate ligand activity in vivo and prevented their development as therapeutics. Recent breakthroughs have enabled the generation of synthetic WNT signaling molecules that possess characteristics of natural ligands and potently activate the pathway, while also providing distinct advantages for therapeutic development and manufacturing. This review provides a detailed discussion of the protein engineering of these molecular platforms for WNT signaling agonism. We discuss the importance of WNT signaling in several organs and share insights from the initial application of these new classes of molecules in vitro and in vivo. These molecules offer a unique opportunity to enhance our understanding of how WNT signaling agonism promotes tissue repair, enabling targeted development of tailored therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yorick Post
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Chenggang Lu
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Russell B. Fletcher
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Wen-Chen Yeh
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Huy Nguyen
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Sung-Jin Lee
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Surrozen, Inc., 171 Oyster Point Blvd, Suite 400, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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Zhu J, Lan X, Mo K, Zhang W, Huang Y, Tan J, Wang L, Ji J, Ke Q, Ouyang H. Deficiency of SECTM1 impairs corneal wound healing in aging. Aging Cell 2024:e14247. [PMID: 38887148 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The corneal epithelium is the outermost transparent barrier of the eyeball and undergoes continuous self-renewal by limbal stem cells (LSCs) during its lifetime; however, the impact of aging on LSCs remains largely unknown. Here, we showed that the healing ability of the cornea in elderly macaques (Macaca fascicularis) was significantly decreased compared to that of younger macaques. This delayed wound closure accompanied a disordered cell arrangement and corneal opacity. A novel cytokine, Secreted and Transmembrane 1 (SECTM1), was found to facilitate corneal healing and was upregulated in young macaques upon wounding. Mechanistically, SECTM1 is essential for LSC migration and proliferation, and may partially function through Cell Division Cycle Associated 7 (CDCA7). Notably, the topical application of SECTM1 to aged wounded corneas dramatically promoted re-epithelialization and improved corneal transparency in both mice and macaques. Our work suggests that aging may impair the expression of healing response factors and injury repair in non-human primate corneas, and that SECTM1 application could potentially benefit corneal wound healing in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xihong Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kunlun Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieying Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Ke
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Histoembryology and Cell Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Visual Science, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Chin JY, Liu C, Lee IXY, Lin MTY, Cheng CY, Wong JHF, Teo CL, Mehta JS, Liu YC. Impact of Age on the Characteristics of Corneal Nerves and Corneal Epithelial Cells in Healthy Adults. Cornea 2024; 43:409-418. [PMID: 37643477 PMCID: PMC10906190 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000003363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate age-related changes in corneal nerves and corneal epithelial cell parameters and to establish age-adjusted reference values. METHODS A total of 7025 corneal nerve images and 4215 corneal epithelial images obtained using in vivo confocal microscopy from 281 eyes of 143 healthy participants were included. Seven corneal nerve parameters and 3 corneal epithelial cell parameters were quantified using 2 automatic analytic software and analyzed across 6 age groups ranging from 21 to 80 years. RESULTS There was a declining trend in all 7 nerve parameters with advancing age. In particular, corneal nerve fiber length and corneal nerve fiber density demonstrated a significant decrease in subjects aged 65 years or older compared with subjects younger than 65 years (10.8 ± 2.6 mm/mm 2 vs. 9.9 ± 2.0 mm/mm 2 , P = 0.011 in corneal nerve fiber length; 15.8 ± 5.2 fibers/mm 2 vs. 14.4 ± 4.3 fibers/mm 2 , P = 0.046 in corneal nerve fiber density), whereas corneal nerve fractal dimension demonstrated a borderline significant decrease ( P = 0.057). Similarly, there was a general declining trend in all epithelial cell parameters with advancing age. Corneal epithelial cell circularity was significantly lower in subjects aged 65 years and older as compared to subjects younger than 65 years (0.722 ± 0.021 μm 2 vs. 0.714 ± 0.021 μm 2 ; P = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS Advancing age results in reduced corneal nerve metrics and alteration of corneal cell morphology. Aging effects should be considered when evaluating patients with corneal neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ying Chin
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | - Chang Liu
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | - Isabelle Xin Yu Lee
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | - Molly Tzu Yu Lin
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Epidemiology Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jipson Hon Fai Wong
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | - Cong Ling Teo
- Epidemiology Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | - Jodhbir S. Mehta
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Department of Cornea and External Eye Disease, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore; and
| | - Yu-Chi Liu
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
- Department of Cornea and External Eye Disease, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore; and
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Korhonen E. Inflammasome activation in response to aberrations of cellular homeostasis in epithelial cells from human cornea and retina. Acta Ophthalmol 2024; 102 Suppl 281:3-68. [PMID: 38386419 DOI: 10.1111/aos.16646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
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Smits JGA, Cunha DL, Amini M, Bertolin M, Laberthonnière C, Qu J, Owen N, Latta L, Seitz B, Roux LN, Stachon T, Ferrari S, Moosajee M, Aberdam D, Szentmary N, van Heeringen SJ, Zhou H. Identification of the regulatory circuit governing corneal epithelial fate determination and disease. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002336. [PMID: 37856539 PMCID: PMC10586658 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The transparent corneal epithelium in the eye is maintained through the homeostasis regulated by limbal stem cells (LSCs), while the nontransparent epidermis relies on epidermal keratinocytes for renewal. Despite their cellular similarities, the precise cell fates of these two types of epithelial stem cells, which give rise to functionally distinct epithelia, remain unknown. We performed a multi-omics analysis of human LSCs from the cornea and keratinocytes from the epidermis and characterized their molecular signatures, highlighting their similarities and differences. Through gene regulatory network analyses, we identified shared and cell type-specific transcription factors (TFs) that define specific cell fates and established their regulatory hierarchy. Single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) analyses of the cornea and the epidermis confirmed these shared and cell type-specific TFs. Notably, the shared and LSC-specific TFs can cooperatively target genes associated with corneal opacity. Importantly, we discovered that FOSL2, a direct PAX6 target gene, is a novel candidate associated with corneal opacity, and it regulates genes implicated in corneal diseases. By characterizing molecular signatures, our study unveils the regulatory circuitry governing the LSC fate and its association with corneal opacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jos G. A. Smits
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Dulce Lima Cunha
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Maryam Amini
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | | | - Camille Laberthonnière
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jieqiong Qu
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicholas Owen
- Development, Ageing and Disease, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenz Latta
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, UKS, Homburg, Germany
| | - Berthold Seitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Medical Center, UKS, Homburg, Germany
| | | | - Tanja Stachon
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | | | - Mariya Moosajee
- Development, Ageing and Disease, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Genetics, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Aberdam
- INSERM U976, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, INSERM U1138, Centre des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Nora Szentmary
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Simon J. van Heeringen
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Huiqing Zhou
- Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Acute Foggy Corneal Epithelial Disease: Seeking Clinical Features and Risk Factors. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11175092. [PMID: 36079023 PMCID: PMC9457359 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11175092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Purpose: Here, we describe the clinical characteristics and predisposing factors of acute foggy corneal epithelial disease, a rare disease newly found during COVID-19 pandemic; (2) Methods: In this single-arm, ambispective case series study, ten patients with acute foggy corneal epithelial disease admitted between May 2020 and March 2021 were enrolled. Their detailed medical history and clinical and ophthalmic findings were recorded and analyzed; (3) Results: All the patients were female (100%), aged from 28 to 61 years (mean age of 40.4 ± 9.3 years). Seven cases (70%) had excessive eye use, and six cases (60%) had stayed up late and were overworked. Ten subjects (100%) presented with acute onset and a self-healing tendency. There was a mild-to-moderate decrease in the corrected visual acuity (0.35 ± 0.21 (LogMAR)). Slit-lamp examination showed diffuse dust-like opacity and edema in the epithelial layer of the cornea. By in vivo confocal microscope, epithelial cells presented characteristically a “relief-like” appearance. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography examination revealed that the mean epithelial thickness was increased (69.25 ± 4.31 μm, p < 0.01); (4) Conclusions: Acute foggy corneal epithelial disease is a rare disease in clinic, which tends to occur in young and middle-aged females. The typical clinical symptom is sudden foggy vision, which occurs repeatedly and can be relieved without treatment. Sex, an abnormal menstrual cycle, overuse of the eyes, fatigue and pressure might be risk factors. Changes in lifestyle and eye use habit during the COVID-19 pandemic may have possibly contributed to this disease incidence.
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Chu HS, Peterson C, Chamling X, Berlinicke C, Zack D, Jun AS, Foster J. Integrated Stress Response Regulation of Corneal Epithelial Cell Motility and Cytokine Production. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:1. [PMID: 35802384 PMCID: PMC9279922 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.8.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the effect of an active integrated stress response (ISR) on human corneal epithelial cell motility and cytokine production. Methods ISR agonists tunicamycin (TUN) and SAL003 (SAL) were used to stimulate the ISR in immortalized corneal epithelial cell lines, primary human limbal epithelial stem cells, and ex vivo human corneas. Reporter lines for ISR-associated transcription factors activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and XBP1 activity were generated to visualize pathway activity in response to kinase-specific agonists. Scratch assays and multiplex magnetic bead arrays were used to investigate the effects of an active ISR on scratch wounds and cytokine production. A C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) knockout cell line was generated to investigate the effects of ISR ablation. Finally, an ISR antagonist was assayed for its ability to rescue negative phenotypic changes associated with an active ISR. Results ISR stimulation, mediated through CHOP, inhibited cell motility in both immortalized and primary human limbal epithelial cells. Scratch wounding of ex vivo corneas elicited an increase in the ISR mediators phosphorylated-eIF2α and ATF4. ISR stimulation also increased the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and proinflammatory cytokines. ISR ablation, through CHOP knockout or inhibition with integrated stress response inhibitor (ISRIB) rescued epithelia migration ability and reduced VEGF secretion. Conclusions We demonstrate that the ISR has dramatic effects on the ability of corneal epithelial cells to respond to wounding models and increases the production of proinflammatory and angiogenic factors. Inhibition of the ISR may provide a new therapeutic option for corneal diseases in which the ISR is implicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Sang Chu
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cornelia Peterson
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Xitiz Chamling
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Cynthia Berlinicke
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Donald Zack
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Albert S Jun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - James Foster
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide Protects Corneal Epithelial Cells against UV-B-Induced Apoptosis via ROS/JNK Pathway Inhibition. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12073435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PACAP is widely expressed throughout the body. It exerts a beneficial role in the eye, including the cornea. The corneal epithelium is regularly exposed to diverse types of insults, including ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation. Previously, we showed the protective role played by PACAP in counteracting UV-B ray insults in human corneal endothelial cells; however, its involvement in corneal epithelium protection against ROS induced by UV-B radiation, and the underlying mechanisms, remain to be determined. Here, we demonstrated that the peptide treatment reduced UV-B-induced ROS generation by playing an anti-apoptotic role via JNK-signaling pathway inhibition. Overall, our results can provide guidance in the therapeutic use of PACAP for the treatment of epithelial corneal damage.
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Volatier T, Schumacher B, Cursiefen C, Notara M. UV Protection in the Cornea: Failure and Rescue. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020278. [PMID: 35205145 PMCID: PMC8868636 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary The sun is a deadly laser, and its damaging rays harm exposed tissues such as our skin and eyes. The skin’s protection and repair mechanisms are well understood and utilized in therapeutic approaches while the eye lacks such complete understanding of its defenses and therefore often lacks therapeutic support in most cases. The aim here was to document the similarities and differences between the two tissues as well as understand where current research stands on ocular, particularly corneal, ultraviolet protection. The objective is to identify what mechanisms may be best suited for future investigation and valuable therapeutic approaches. Abstract Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation induces DNA lesions in all directly exposed tissues. In the human body, two tissues are chronically exposed to UV: the skin and the cornea. The most frequent UV-induced DNA lesions are cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) that can lead to apoptosis or induce tumorigenesis. Lacking the protective pigmentation of the skin, the transparent cornea is particularly dependent on nucleotide excision repair (NER) to remove UV-induced DNA lesions. The DNA damage response also triggers intracellular autophagy mechanisms to remove damaged material in the cornea; these mechanisms are poorly understood despite their noted involvement in UV-related diseases. Therapeutic solutions involving xenogenic DNA-repair enzymes such as T4 endonuclease V or photolyases exist and are widely distributed for dermatological use. The corneal field lacks a similar set of tools to address DNA-lesions in photovulnerable patients, such as those with genetic disorders or recently transplanted tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Volatier
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (C.C.); (M.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Björn Schumacher
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses, Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Claus Cursiefen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (C.C.); (M.N.)
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Maria Notara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (C.C.); (M.N.)
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses, Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) and Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
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Lan X, Zhang W, Zhu J, Huang H, Mo K, Guo H, Zhu L, Liu J, Li M, Wang L, Liu C, Ji J, Ouyang H. dsRNA Induced IFNβ-MMP13 Axis Drives Corneal Wound Healing. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:14. [PMID: 35129588 PMCID: PMC8822365 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.2.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cornea, the outermost transparent layer of the eye, is the first line of defense against external threats. Following injury, the wound healing response is crucial to corneal repair and regeneration, yet its underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Our study was designed to investigate the role of dsRNA and its regulatory network in corneal wound healing. Methods A corneal wound healing model was established via the surgical removal of half of the corneal surface and adjoining limbus. RNase III was then used to clarify the role of dsRNA in corneal wound closure and RNA-seq was performed to investigate the mechanism of dsRNA in the healing process. Related gene expression was assessed using immunofluorescence staining, qPCR, and Western blot. Flow cytometry and scratch assay were used to analyze the proliferation and migration of limbal stem/progenitor cells (LSCs) in vitro and functional analysis of the target genes was completed using the corneal wound healing model. Results Corneal wound healing was delayed and impaired when the dsRNAs were removed or damaged following RNase III digestion. The dsRNAs released following corneal damage activate type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling, primarily IFNβ, via the corneal epithelium and neutralizing IFNβ or blocking IFN-I signaling delays corneal wound closure. Moreover, our data identified MMP13 as a downstream effector of IFNβ where its expression promotes LSC proliferation and enhances corneal epithelial reconstruction in vivo. Conclusions The dsRNA induced IFNβ-MMP13 axis plays a key role in corneal wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihong Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huaxing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kunlun Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huizhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liqiong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiafeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingsen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunqiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Du E, Pu G, He S, Qin F, Wang Y, Wang G, Song Z, Zhang J, Tao Y. Cytoprotective Effects of Water Soluble Dihydropyrimidinthione Derivative Against UV-B Induced Human Corneal Epithelial Cell Photodamage. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:732833. [PMID: 34744716 PMCID: PMC8570246 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.732833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive UV-B exposure is well known to be a risk factor for corneal phototoxicity including direct DNA damage and disturbances in the antioxidant balance. Here, we showed a successful synthesis of a water-soluble and biocompatible small molecule DHPM 1 with dihydropyrimidinthione skeleton, which could effectively protect human corneal epithelial (HCE-2) cells from UV-B damage. In separate experiments, DHPM 1 absorbed UV-B rays and exhibited scavenging activity against intracellular ROS induced by UV-B radiation, thereby reducing the levels of DNA fragmentation. Additionally, UV-B exposure increased the expression of cleaved caspase-3, as well as the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 at protein levels, while pretreatment with DHPM 1 significantly reversed these changes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a study based on dihydropyrimidinthione derivatives to develop a promising eye drops, which may well find extensive applications in UV-B caused corneal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enming Du
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University School of Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guojuan Pu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University School of Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Siyu He
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University School of Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fangyuan Qin
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University School of Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yange Wang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University School of Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University School of Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zongming Song
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University School of Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University School of Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ye Tao
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan University School of Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Lab of Visual Cell Differentiation and Modulation, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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12
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Abstract
PURPOSE To isolate and characterize an epithelial cell (EC) line from a human donor cornea, which may serve as a reliable test cell line to address biomolecular issues and study the response of corneal epithelium to stressing events and therapeutic treatments. METHODS A corneal button from a donor patient was treated with enzymes to separate the epithelial sheet and to free EC, which were put in tissue culture. ECs were characterized by optic and electronic microscopies, cytokeratins and PAX6 were detected by SDS-PAGE and western immunoblotting, the barrier function was evaluated by transepithelial electric resistance and by the immune detection of membrane junction proteins, and the karyotype was characterized according to the classical methods. RESULTS Morphological analyses returned the picture of classical homogeneous polygonal morphology as expecetd by EC that was maintained over time and several in vitro passages. Transepithelial electric resistance values were characteristic of a typical barrier-forming cell line. The cytokeratin expression pattern was the one expected for corneal EC with a predominance of CK3 and CK5 and different from a human keratocyte cell line. The male karyotype showed 2 trisomies, of chromosomes 8 and 11. CONCLUSIONS All the data so far obtained with the HCE-F cells concur to certify this cell line as a stable, true primary human corneal EC line, which could then be used as a test cell line to study and address the questions concerning the biological response of human corneal epithelium to stressing and/or therapeutic treatments and as a term of comparison for EC derived from pathological corneas.
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13
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Angyal Á, Pénzes Z, Alimohammadi S, Horváth D, Takács L, Vereb G, Zsebik B, Bíró T, Tóth KF, Lisztes E, Tóth BI, Oláh A, Szöllősi AG. Anandamide Concentration-Dependently Modulates Toll-Like Receptor 3 Agonism or UVB-Induced Inflammatory Response of Human Corneal Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7776. [PMID: 34360541 PMCID: PMC8346008 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodamage-induced and viral keratitis could benefit from treatment with novel nonsteroid anti-inflammatory agents. Therefore, we determined whether human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) express members of the endocannabinoid system (ECS), and examined how the endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA, N-arachidonoyl ethanolamine) influences the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) agonism- or UVB irradiation-induced inflammatory response of these cells. Other than confirming the presence of cannabinoid receptors, we show that endocannabinoid synthesizing and catabolizing enzymes are also expressed in HCECs in vitro, as well as in the epithelial layer of the human cornea in situ, proving that they are one possible source of endocannabinoids. p(I:C) and UVB irradiation was effective in promoting the transcription and secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Surprisingly, when applied alone in 100 nM and 10 μM, AEA also resulted in increased pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Importantly, AEA further increased levels of these cytokines in the UVB model, whereas its lower concentration partially prevented the transcriptional effect of p(I:C), while not decreasing the p(I:C)-induced cytokine release. HCECs express the enzymatic machinery required to produce endocannabinoids both in vitro and in situ. Moreover, our data show that, despite earlier reports about the anti-inflammatory potential of AEA in murine cornea, its effects on the immune phenotype of human corneal epithelium may be more complex and context dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágnes Angyal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.A.); (K.F.T.); (E.L.); (B.I.T.); (A.O.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.P.); (S.A.); (D.H.)
| | - Zsófia Pénzes
- Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.P.); (S.A.); (D.H.)
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Shahrzad Alimohammadi
- Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.P.); (S.A.); (D.H.)
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Dorottya Horváth
- Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.P.); (S.A.); (D.H.)
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Lili Takács
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - György Vereb
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.V.); (B.Z.)
- MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Barbara Zsebik
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (G.V.); (B.Z.)
- MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Bíró
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
- Monasterium Laboratory Skin & Hair Research Solutions, Mendelstraße 17, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Kinga Fanni Tóth
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.A.); (K.F.T.); (E.L.); (B.I.T.); (A.O.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Z.P.); (S.A.); (D.H.)
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Erika Lisztes
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.A.); (K.F.T.); (E.L.); (B.I.T.); (A.O.)
| | - Balázs István Tóth
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.A.); (K.F.T.); (E.L.); (B.I.T.); (A.O.)
| | - Attila Oláh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (Á.A.); (K.F.T.); (E.L.); (B.I.T.); (A.O.)
| | - Attila Gábor Szöllősi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
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14
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Mechanobiology of conjunctival epithelial cells exposed to wall shear stresses. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2021; 20:1903-1917. [PMID: 34228228 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-021-01484-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The human conjunctival epithelial cells (HCEC) line the inner sides of the eyelids and the anterior part of the sclera. They include goblet cells that secret mucus into the tear film that protects the ocular surface. The conjunctival epithelium is subjected to mechano-physical stimuli due to eyelid movement during blinking, during wiping and rubbing the eyes, and when exposed to wind and air currents. We cultured primary HCEC under air-liquid interface (ALI) conditions in custom-designed wells that can be disassembled for installation of the in vitro model in a flow chamber. We exposed the HCEC after ALI culture of 8-10 days to steady and oscillatory airflows. The in vitro model of HCEC was exposed to steady wall shear stresses (sWSS) of 0.5 and 1.0 dyne/cm2 for lengths of 30 and 60 min and to oscillatory wall shear stresses (oWSS) of 0.5 and 0.77 dyne/cm2 amplitudes for a length of 10 min. Cytoskeletal alterations and MUC5AC mucin secretion in response to WSS were investigated using immunohistochemically fluorescent staining and enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA), respectively. The results revealed that both exposure times and sWSS values increased the polymerization of F-actin filaments while mucin secretion decreased. However, after a recovery of 24 h in the incubator we observed a decrease of F-actin fibers and mucin secretion only for exposure of 30 min. The length of exposure was more influential on cytoskeletal alterations than the level of sWSS. The very small effect of sWSS on mucin secretion is most likely related to the much smaller amount of goblet cell than in other mucus-secreting tissue. The results for both oWSS amplitudes revealed similar trends regarding F-actin and mucin secretion. Immediately post-exposure we observed an increase in polymerization of F-actin filaments while mucin secretion decreased. However, after 24-h recovery we observed that both F-actin and mucin secretion returned to the same values as for unexposed cultures. The results of this study suggest that WSS should be considered while exploring the physiological characteristics of HCEC.
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15
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Novel corneal targeting cell penetrating peptide as an efficient nanocarrier with an effective antimicrobial activity. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 166:216-226. [PMID: 34214635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of therapeutics to the ocular tissues is challenging due to various anatomical and physiological barriers imposed. Cell penetrating peptides (CPPs) have emerged as potent drug nanocarriers that have been shown to overcome these barriers and enhance bioavailability of therapeutic macromolecules in deep ocular tissues. In the present study, an ocular targeting CPP has been designed by exploring potential targets of anterior ocular tissues in particular receptors, transporters and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). The novel 11 mer peptide sequence, Corneal Targeting Sequence 1 (CorTS 1), has been developed by modifying leucine rich repeat (LRR) motif ensuring that it interacts with small leucine rich proteoglycans and collagen present in the corneal stroma. CorTS 1 exhibited dose dependent cellular translocation from 5 μM in Human Corneal Epithelial cell line (HCE) with no cytotoxicity. CorTS 1 was also found to deliver protein cargo inside HCE cells. Ex vivo tissue penetration study of CorTS 1 demonstrated in goat eyes revealed an augmented accumulation of peptide in the stromal region of cornea than in aqueous humor. Interestingly, CorTS 1 showed an antimicrobial activity against MRSA and Fusarium dimerum. Therefore, CorTS 1 can be a promising candidate with dual traits of antimicrobial agent and nanocarrier for ocular drugs.
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16
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Lai YH, Lee PY, Lu CY, Liu YR, Wang SC, Liu CC, Chang YC, Chen YH, Su CC, Li CY, Liu PL. Thrombospondin 1-induced exosomal proteins attenuate hypoxia-induced paraptosis in corneal epithelial cells and promote wound healing. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21200. [PMID: 33341997 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001106rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) is involved in corneal wound healing caused by chemical injury. Herein, we examined the effects of TSP1 on hypoxia-induced damages and wound-healing activity in human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells. Exosomal protein expression was determined using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and HCE cell migration and motility were examined through wound-healing assay and time-lapse microscopy. Reestablishment of cell junctions by TSP1 was assessed through confocal microscopy and 3D image reconstruction. Our results show that CoCl2 -induced hypoxia promoted HCE cell death by paraptosis. TSP1 protected these cells against paraptosis by attenuating mitochondrial membrane potential depletion, swelling and dilation of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, and mitochondrial fission. Exosomes isolated from HCE cells treated with TSP1 contained wound healing-associated proteins that were taken up by HCE cells to promote tissue remodeling and repair. TSP1 protected HCE cells against hypoxia-induced damages and inhibited paraptosis progression by promoting cell migration, cell-cell adhesion, and extracellular matrix remodeling. These findings indicate that TSP1 ameliorates hypoxia-induced paraptosis in HCE cells and promotes wound healing and remodeling by regulating exosomal protein expression. TSP1 may, therefore, play important roles in the treatment of hypoxia-associated corneal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hung Lai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yen Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yu Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ru Liu
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chi Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chih Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yo-Chen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsiang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Cheng Su
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Len Liu
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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17
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Giurdanella G, Longo A, Salerno L, Romeo G, Intagliata S, Lupo G, Distefano A, Platania CBM, Bucolo C, Li Volti G, Anfuso CD, Pittalà V. Glucose-impaired Corneal Re-epithelialization Is Promoted by a Novel Derivate of Dimethyl Fumarate. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060831. [PMID: 34067436 PMCID: PMC8224583 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose induces corneal epithelial dysfunctions characterized by delayed wound repair. Nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mediates cell protection mechanisms even through the Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) up-regulation. Here, we synthesized new HO-1 inducers by modifying dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and used docking studies to select VP13/126 as a promising compound with the best binding energy to Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (keap1), which is the the regulator of Nrf2 nuclear translocation. We verified if VP13/126 protects SIRC cells from hyperglycemia compared to DMF. SIRC were cultured in normal (5 mM) or high glucose (25 mM, HG) in presence of DMF (1–25 μM) or VP13/126 (0.1–5 μM) with or without ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 (15 μM). VP13/126 was more effective than DMF in the prevention of HG-induced reduction of cell viability and proliferation. Reduction of wound closure induced by HG was similarly counteracted by 1 μM VP13/126 and 10 μM DMF. VP13/126 strongly increased phospho/total ERK1/2 and restored HO-1 protein in HG-treated SIRC; these effects are completely counteracted by PD98059. Moreover, high-content screening analysis showed a higher rate of Nrf2 nuclear translocation induced by VP13/126 than DMF in HG-stimulated SIRC. These data indicate that VP13/126 exerts remarkable pro-survival properties in HG-stimulated SIRC, promoting the Nrf2/HO-1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Giurdanella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.G.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (A.D.); (G.L.V.)
| | - Anna Longo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.G.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (A.D.); (G.L.V.)
| | - Loredana Salerno
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (L.S.); (G.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Giuseppe Romeo
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (L.S.); (G.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Sebastiano Intagliata
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (L.S.); (G.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Gabriella Lupo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.G.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (A.D.); (G.L.V.)
- Center for Research in Ocular Pharmacology–CERFO, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Alfio Distefano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.G.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (A.D.); (G.L.V.)
| | - Chiara Bianca Maria Platania
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Claudio Bucolo
- Center for Research in Ocular Pharmacology–CERFO, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Li Volti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.G.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (A.D.); (G.L.V.)
- Center for Research in Ocular Pharmacology–CERFO, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Carmelina Daniela Anfuso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.G.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (A.D.); (G.L.V.)
- Center for Research in Ocular Pharmacology–CERFO, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy;
- Correspondence: (C.D.A.); (V.P.); Tel.: +39-095-478-1170 (C.D.A.); +39-095-738-4269 (V.P.)
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (L.S.); (G.R.); (S.I.)
- Correspondence: (C.D.A.); (V.P.); Tel.: +39-095-478-1170 (C.D.A.); +39-095-738-4269 (V.P.)
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18
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Cai Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Song KH, Beckmann L, Djalilian A, Sun C, Zhang HF. Super-resolution imaging of flat-mounted whole mouse cornea. Exp Eye Res 2021; 205:108499. [PMID: 33610603 PMCID: PMC8043998 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Super-resolution microscopy revolutionized biomedical research with significantly improved imaging resolution down to the molecular scale. To date, only limited studies reported multi-color super-resolution imaging of thin tissue slices mainly because of unavailable staining protocols and incompatible imaging techniques. Here, we show the first super-resolution imaging of flat-mounted whole mouse cornea using single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM). We optimized immunofluorescence staining protocols for β-Tubulin, Vimentin, Peroxisome marker (PMP70), and Histone-H4 in whole mouse corneas. Using the optimized staining protocols, we imaged these four intracellular protein structures in the epithelium and endothelium layers of flat-mounted mouse corneas. We also achieved simultaneous two-color spectroscopic SMLM (sSMLM) imaging of β-Tubulin and Histone-H4 in corneal endothelial cells. The spatial localization precision of sSMLM in these studies was around 20-nm. This work sets the stage for investigating multiple intracellular alterations in corneal diseases at a nanoscopic resolution using whole corneal flat-mount beyond cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Zheyuan Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Ki-Hee Song
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Lisa Beckmann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Ali Djalilian
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Cheng Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Hao F Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
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19
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Tsai IL, Tsai CY, Kuo LL, Woung LC, Ku RY, Cheng YH. PLGA nanoparticles containing Lingzhi extracts rescue corneal epithelial cells from oxidative damage. Exp Eye Res 2021; 206:108539. [PMID: 33741324 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-related ocular surface epithelial damage can be initiated by ambient oxygen, UV radiation, and chemical burns. The oxidative damage to cornea can lead to inflammation and even vision loss. Lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum) is a Chinese herbal drug and has been shown to prevent chronic diseases in clinical practices and has been proven to possess anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. In the study, we prepared poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) as a sustained drug release system of Lingzhi (LZH) to improve bioavailability. The particle size of developed NPs containing LZH (LZH-NPs) was ~184 nm with narrow size distribution. The results of cellular uptake revealed that using NPs as a drug delivery system could significantly increases the intracellular retention time. The results of the cell viability and chemiluminescence assay revealed that 5 μg/ml of LZH-NPs might be the threshold concentration for cultivation of corneal epithelial cells. After treating LZH-NPs in oxidative damaged cells, the results showed that the inflammation-related gene expression and DNA fragmentation level were both significantly decreased. Post-treatment of LZH-NPs in damaged corneal epithelial cells could increase the cell survival rate. In the rabbit corneal alkali burn model, topical instillation of LZH-NPs could promote corneal wound healing and decrease the inflammation. These results suggest that LZH-NPs may have the potential to treat ocular surface diseases caused by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Lun Tsai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Yao Tsai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Lin Kuo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Health Care Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Chung Woung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Health Care Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruy-Yu Ku
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsin Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan.
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20
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Chu HS, Peterson C, Jun A, Foster J. Targeting the integrated stress response in ophthalmology. Curr Eye Res 2021; 46:1075-1088. [PMID: 33474991 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2020.1867748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To summarize the Integrated Stress Response (ISR) in the context of ophthalmology, with special interest on the cornea and anterior segment. Results: The ISR is a powerful and conserved signaling pathway that allows for cells to respond to a diverse array of both intracellular and extracellular stressors. The pathway is classically responsible for coordination of the cellular response to amino acid starvation, ultraviolet light, heme dysregulation, viral infection, and unfolded protein. Under normal circumstances, it is considered pro-survival and a necessary mechanism through which protein translation is controlled. However, in cases of severe or prolonged stress the pathway can promote apoptosis, and loss of normal cellular phenotype. The activation of this pathway culminates in the global inhibition of cap-dependent protein translation and the canonical expression of the activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4). Conclusion:The eye is uniquely exposed to ISR responsive stressors due to its environmental exposure and relative isolation from the circulatory system which are necessary for its function. We will discuss how this pathway is critical for the proper function of the tissue, its role in development, as well as how targeting of the pathway could alleviate key aspects of diverse ophthalmic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Sang Chu
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Cornelia Peterson
- Department of Molecular & Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Albert Jun
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - James Foster
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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21
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Magny R, Auzeil N, Olivier E, Kessal K, Regazzetti A, Dutot M, Mélik-Parsadaniantz S, Rat P, Baudouin C, Laprévote O, Brignole-Baudouin F. Lipidomic analysis of human corneal epithelial cells exposed to ocular irritants highlights the role of phospholipid and sphingolipid metabolisms in detergent toxicity mechanisms. Biochimie 2020; 178:148-157. [PMID: 32758686 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Detergent chemicals, widely used in household products, in pharmaceutical, medical, cosmetic and industrial fields, have been linked to side effects and involved in several eye diseases. On the ocular surface, detergents can interfere with the corneal epithelium, the most superficial layer of the cornea, representing a line of defence against external aggression. Despite its major role in numerous biological functions, there is still little data regarding disruption of lipid homeostasis induced by ocular irritants. To this purpose, a lipidomic analysis using UPLC-HRMS/MS-ESI ± was performed on human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells incubated with three widely known ocular irritants: benzalkonium chloride (BAK), sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and Triton X-100 (TXT). We found that these ocular irritants lead to a profound modification of the HCE cell lipidome. Indeed, the cell content of ceramide species increased widely while plasmalogens containing polyunsaturated fatty acid species, especially docosahexaenoic acids, decreased. Furthermore, these irritants upregulated the activity of phospholipase A2. The present study demonstrates that BAK, SLS and TXT induced disruption of the cell lipid homeostasis, highlighting that lipids mediate inflammatory and cell death processes induced by detergents in the cornea. Lipidomics may thus be regarded as a valuable tool to investigate new markers of corneal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Magny
- Sorbonne Université UM80, INSERM UMR 968, CNRS UMR 7210, Institut de la Vision, IHU Foresight, Paris, France; UMR CNRS 8038 CiTCoM, Chimie Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, France.
| | - Nicolas Auzeil
- UMR CNRS 8038 CiTCoM, Chimie Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, France
| | - Elodie Olivier
- UMR CNRS 8038 CiTCoM, Chimie Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, France
| | - Karima Kessal
- Sorbonne Université UM80, INSERM UMR 968, CNRS UMR 7210, Institut de la Vision, IHU Foresight, Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, Paris, France
| | - Anne Regazzetti
- UMR CNRS 8038 CiTCoM, Chimie Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, France
| | - Mélody Dutot
- UMR CNRS 8038 CiTCoM, Chimie Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, France; Recherche et Développement, Laboratoire d'Evaluation Physiologique, Yslab, 2 rue Félix le Dantec, 29000 Quimper, France
| | | | - Patrice Rat
- UMR CNRS 8038 CiTCoM, Chimie Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Baudouin
- Sorbonne Université UM80, INSERM UMR 968, CNRS UMR 7210, Institut de la Vision, IHU Foresight, Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, Paris, France; Department of Ophthalmology, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, AP HP, 92100, Boulogne, France; Université Versailles St Quentin en Yvelines, Paris Saclay, 78180, Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Olivier Laprévote
- UMR CNRS 8038 CiTCoM, Chimie Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, France; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Service de Biochimie, Paris, France
| | - Françoise Brignole-Baudouin
- Sorbonne Université UM80, INSERM UMR 968, CNRS UMR 7210, Institut de la Vision, IHU Foresight, Paris, France; UMR CNRS 8038 CiTCoM, Chimie Toxicologie Analytique et Cellulaire, Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, Paris, France
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22
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Corneal UV Protective Effects of a Topical Antioxidant Formulation: A Pilot Study on In Vivo Rabbits. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155426. [PMID: 32751471 PMCID: PMC7432813 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of a topical antioxidant and ultraviolet (UV) shielding action formulation containing riboflavin and D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) vitamin E against corneal UV-induced damage in vivo rabbit eyes. In vivo experiments were performed using male albino rabbits, which were divided into four groups. The control group (CG) did not receive any UV irradiation; the first group (IG) was irradiated with a UV-B−UV-A lamp for 30 min; the second (G30) and third (G60) groups received UV irradiation for 30 and 60 min, respectively, and were topically treated with one drop of the antioxidant and shielding formulation every 15 min, starting one hour before irradiation, until the end of UV exposure. The cornea of the IG group showed irregular thickening, detachment of residual fragments of the Descemet membrane, stromal fluid swelling with consequent collagen fiber disorganization and disruption, and inflammation. The cornea of the G30 group showed edema, a mild thickening of the Descemet membrane without fibrillar collagen disruption and focal discoloration, or inflammation. In the G60 group, the cornea showed a more severe thickening, a more abundant fluid accumulation underneath the Descemet membrane with focal detachment, and no signs of severe tissue alterations, as were recorded in the IG group. Our results demonstrate that topical application of eye drops containing riboflavin and TPGS vitamin E counteracts UV corneal injury in exposed rabbits.
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23
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Vitoux MA, Kessal K, Melik Parsadaniantz S, Claret M, Guerin C, Baudouin C, Brignole-Baudouin F, Réaux-Le Goazigo A. Benzalkonium chloride-induced direct and indirect toxicity on corneal epithelial and trigeminal neuronal cells: proinflammatory and apoptotic responses in vitro. Toxicol Lett 2019; 319:74-84. [PMID: 31707104 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Benzalkonium chloride (BAK), a quaternary ammonium compound widely used as disinfecting agent as well as preservative in eye drops is known to induce toxic effects on the ocular surface with inflammation and corneal nerve damage leading to dry eye disease (DED) in the medium-to-long term. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the toxicity of a conditioned medium produced by corneal epithelial cells previously exposed to BAK (BAK-CM) on trigeminal neuronal cells. A human corneal epithelial (HCE) cell line was exposed to 5.10-3% BAK (i.e. 0.005% BAK) for 15 min and let recover for 5 h to prepare a BAK-CM. This BAK concentration is the lowest one found in eye drops. After this recovery period, BAK effect on HCE cells displayed cytotoxicity, morphological alteration, apoptosis, oxidative stress, ATP release, CCL2 and IL6 gene induction, as well as an increase in CCL2, IL-6 and MIF release. Next, a mouse trigeminal ganglion primary culture was exposed to the BAK-CM for 2 h, 4 h or 24 h. Whereas BAK-CM did not alter neuronal cell morphology, or induced neuronal cytotoxicity or oxidative stress, BAK-CM induced gene expression of Fos (neuronal activation marker), Atf3 (neuronal injury marker), Ccl2 and Il6 (inflammatory markers). Two and 4 h BAK-CM exposure promoted a neuronal damage (ATF-3, phospho-p38 increases; phospho-Stat3 decreases) while 24 h-BAK-CM exposure initiated a prosurvival pathway activation (phospho-p44/42, phospho-Akt increases; ATF-3, GADD153, active Caspase-3 decreases). In conclusion, this in vitro model, simulating paracrine mechanisms, represents an interesting tool to highlight the indirect toxic effects of BAK or any other xenobiotic on corneal trigeminal neurons and may help to better understand the cellular mechanisms that occur during DED pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael-Adrien Vitoux
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, IHU Foresight, Institut de la Vision, F-75012 Paris, France; HORUS PHARMA, F-06700 Saint-Laurent-du-Var, France
| | - Karima Kessal
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, IHU Foresight, Institut de la Vision, F-75012 Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423, IHU Foresight, F-75012 Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Christophe Baudouin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, IHU Foresight, Institut de la Vision, F-75012 Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423, IHU Foresight, F-75012 Paris, France; Université Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, APHP, F-92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Françoise Brignole-Baudouin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, IHU Foresight, Institut de la Vision, F-75012 Paris, France; Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DGOS CIC 1423, IHU Foresight, F-75012 Paris, France; Université de Paris, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, F-75006 Paris, France
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24
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Abstract
The cornea is a transparent outermost structure of the eye anterior segment comprising the highest density of innervated tissue. In the process of corneal innervation, trigeminal ganglion originated corneal nerves diligently traverse different corneal cell types in different corneal layers including the corneal stroma and epithelium. While crossing the stromal and epithelial cell layers during innervation, due to the existing physical contacts, close interactions occur between stromal keratocytes, epithelial cells, resident immune cells and corneal nerves. Furthermore, by producing various trophic and growth factors corneal cells assist in maintaining the growth and function of corneal nerves. Similarly, corneal nerve generated growth factors critically modify the corneal cell function in all the corneal layers. Due to their close association and contacts, on-going cross-communication between these cell types and corneal nerves play a vital role in the modulation of corneal nerve function, regeneration during wound healing. The present review highlights the influence of different corneal cell types and growth factors released from these cells on corneal nerve regeneration and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavani S Kowtharapu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rostock University Medical Centre, Rostock, Germany
| | - Oliver Stachs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rostock University Medical Centre, Rostock, Germany
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25
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Islam MM, Sharifi R, Mamodaly S, Islam R, Nahra D, Abusamra DB, Hui PC, Adibnia Y, Goulamaly M, Paschalis EI, Cruzat A, Kong J, Nilsson PH, Argüeso P, Mollnes TE, Chodosh J, Dohlman CH, Gonzalez-Andrades M. Effects of gamma radiation sterilization on the structural and biological properties of decellularized corneal xenografts. Acta Biomater 2019; 96:330-344. [PMID: 31284096 PMCID: PMC7043233 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
To address the shortcomings associated with corneal transplants, substantial efforts have been focused on developing new modalities such as xenotransplantion. Xenogeneic corneas are anatomically and biomechanically similar to the human cornea, yet their applications require prior decellularization to remove the antigenic components to avoid rejection. In the context of bringing decellularized corneas into clinical use, sterilization is a crucial step that determines the success of the transplantation. Well-standardized sterilization methods, such as gamma irradiation (GI), have been applied to decellularized porcine corneas (DPC) to avoid graft-associated infections in human recipients. However, little is known about the effect of GI on decellularized corneal xenografts. Here, we evaluated the radiation effect on the ultrastructure, optical, mechanical and biological properties of DPC. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that gamma irradiated decellularized porcine cornea (G-DPC) preserved its structural integrity. Moreover, the radiation did not reduce the optical properties of the tissue. Neither DPC nor G-DPC led to further activation of complement system compared to native porcine cornea when exposed to plasma. Although, DPC were mechanically comparable to the native tissue, GI increased the mechanical strength, tissue hydrophobicity and resistance to enzymatic degradation. Despite these changes, human corneal epithelial, stromal, endothelial and hybrid neuroblastoma cells grew and differentiated on DPC and G-DPC. Thus, GI may achieve effective tissue sterilization without affecting critical properties that are essential for corneal transplant survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mirazul Islam
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roholah Sharifi
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shamina Mamodaly
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rakibul Islam
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel Nahra
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dina B Abusamra
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pui Chuen Hui
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yashar Adibnia
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Yeditepe University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehdi Goulamaly
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eleftherios I Paschalis
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrea Cruzat
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jing Kong
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Per H Nilsson
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Linnaeus Center for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Pablo Argüeso
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tom Eirik Mollnes
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Research Laboratory, Nordland Hospital, Bodø, and Faculty of Health Sciences, K.G. Jebsen TREC, University of Tromsø, Norway; Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - James Chodosh
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claes H Dohlman
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Miguel Gonzalez-Andrades
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear and Schepens Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Department of Ophthalmology, Reina Sofia University Hospital and University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
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26
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Xiang P, Jia Y, Wang K, Li MY, Qin YS, He RW, Gao P, Liu Y, Liu X, Ma LQ. Water extract of indoor dust induces tight junction disruption in normal human corneal epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:301-307. [PMID: 30189392 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.08.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In corneal epithelium, tight junctions play a vital role in its barrier function. Human cornea is highly susceptible to damage by dust. Continued daily exposure to dust has been associated with increased risks of corneal injury. Studies demonstrated that water extract of dust induced cytotoxicity in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs); however, its effects on corneal epithelial barrier function are unknown. In this study, we determined the concentrations of heavy metals in water extracts of dust, with office dust having higher concentrations of heavy metals than housedust, and Cu and Zn being highest among metals for both dust. Changes in barrier function and its associated mechanism after exposing HCECs to water extracts of dust at 48 μg/100 μ L for 7 d were evaluated. Water extracts of both dust caused decrease of TEER value (39-73%), down-regulation of gene expression related to tight junction and mucin (0.2-0.8 fold), and loss of ZO-1 immunoreactivity from cellular borders, with office dust having greater potential than housedust to disrupt corneal epithelial barrier function. Our data implied the importance to reduce heavy metals in dust to reduce their adverse impacts on human eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xiang
- Research Center for Soil Contamination and Environment Remediation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Yue Jia
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Research Center for Soil Contamination and Environment Remediation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Meng-Ying Li
- Research Center for Soil Contamination and Environment Remediation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Yi-Shu Qin
- Research Center for Soil Contamination and Environment Remediation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Rui-Wen He
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
| | - Yungen Liu
- Research Center for Soil Contamination and Environment Remediation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Research Center for Soil Contamination and Environment Remediation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China.
| | - Lena Q Ma
- Research Center for Soil Contamination and Environment Remediation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China; Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States.
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27
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Yu V, Bhattacharya D, Webster A, Bauskar A, Flowers C, Heur M, Chintala SK, Itakura T, Wilson MR, Barr JT, Jeong S, Wang M, Fini ME. Clusterin from human clinical tear samples: Positive correlation between tear concentration and Schirmer strip test results. Ocul Surf 2018; 16:478-486. [PMID: 30077709 PMCID: PMC6175631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between tear concentration of the homeostatic protein clusterin (CLU) and dry eye signs and symptoms, and to characterize tear CLU protein. METHODS Two independent studies were conducted, one in Tucson (44 subjects), the other in Los Angeles (52 subjects). A cohort study design was employed to enroll patients without regard to dry eye diagnosis. Dry eye signs and symptoms were assessed using clinical tests. Tear samples were collected by Schirmer strip, and also by micropipette at slit lamp when possible. CLU from both sample types was quantified by immunoassay. The relationship between CLU concentration and clinical test scores was determined by Pearson's correlation coefficient (for individual eyes) and multiple linear regression analysis (including both eyes). CLU was also evaluated biochemically by western blotting. RESULTS In the Tucson cohort, a positive correlation was observed between tear CLU concentration and results of the Schirmer strip test, a measure of tear flow (p = 0.021 includes both eyes). This result was corroborated in the Los Angeles cohort (p = 0.013). The mean tear CLU concentration was 31 ± 14 μg/mL (n = 18 subjects, 33 eyes; range = 7-48 μg/mL). CLU from clinical tear samples appeared biochemically similar to CLU from a non-clinical tear sample and from blood plasma. CONCLUSIONS Results support the hypothesis that an optimal concentration of tear CLU is important for ocular surface health, and that this drops below the effective threshold in dry eye. Tear CLU measurement might identify patients that could benefit from supplementation. Information about concentration will aid development of therapeutic dosage parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Yu
- MD Program, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dhruva Bhattacharya
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Andrew Webster
- USC Institute for Genetic Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aditi Bauskar
- PhD Program in Medical Biology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Charles Flowers
- USC Roski Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Martin Heur
- USC Roski Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shravan K Chintala
- USC Institute for Genetic Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tatsuo Itakura
- USC Institute for Genetic Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mark R Wilson
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joseph T Barr
- The Ohio State University College of Optometry, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shinwu Jeong
- USC Institute for Genetic Medicine, USC Roski Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mingwu Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - M Elizabeth Fini
- USC Institute for Genetic Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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28
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Kaluzhny Y, Kinuthia MW, Truong T, Lapointe AM, Hayden P, Klausner M. New Human Organotypic Corneal Tissue Model for Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 59:2880-2898. [DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-23944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Kaluzhny
- MatTek Corporation, Ashland, Massachusetts, United States
| | | | - Thoa Truong
- MatTek Corporation, Ashland, Massachusetts, United States
| | | | - Patrick Hayden
- MatTek Corporation, Ashland, Massachusetts, United States
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