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Chung H, Kim EA, Chang J. A "Prime and Deploy" Strategy for Universal Influenza Vaccine Targeting Nucleoprotein Induces Lung-Resident Memory CD8 T cells. Immune Netw 2021; 21:e28. [PMID: 34522441 PMCID: PMC8410988 DOI: 10.4110/in.2021.21.e28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung-resident memory T cells (TRM) play an essential role in protecting against pulmonary virus infection. Parenteral administration of DNA vaccine is generally not sufficient to induce lung CD8 TRM cells. This study investigates whether intramuscularly administered DNA vaccine expressing the nucleoprotein (NP) induces lung TRM cells and protects against the influenza B virus. The results show that DNA vaccination poorly generates lung TRM cells and massive secondary effector CD8 T cells entering the lungs after challenge infection do not offer sufficient protection. Nonetheless, intranasal administration of non-replicating adenovirus vector expressing no Ag following priming DNA vaccination deploys NP-specific CD8 TRM cells in the lungs, which subsequently offers complete protection. This novel 'prime and deploy' strategy could be a promising regimen for a universal influenza vaccine targeting the conserved NP Ag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haerynn Chung
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Eun-Ah Kim
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Jun Chang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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Guo X, Zhong JY, Li JW. Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Vaccine Development. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2018; 8:195-204. [PMID: 29892184 PMCID: PMC5992307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the twenty-seven years since the discovery of hepatitis C virus (HCV) the majority of individuals exposed to HCV establish a persistent infection, which is a leading cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In developed nations, the cure rates of HCV infection could be over 90% with direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens, which has made the great progress in global eradication. However, the cost of these treatments is so expensive that the patients in developing nations, where the disease burden is the most severe, could not afford it, which highly restricted its access. Additionally, the largely asymptomatic nature of infection facilitates continued transmission in risk groups due to limited surveillance. Consequently a protective vaccine and likely emergence of drug-resistant viral variants call for further studies of HCV biology. In the current review, the development and the progress of preventive and therapeutic vaccines against the HCV have been reviewed in the context of peptide vaccines, recombinant protein vaccines, HCV-like particle, DNA vaccines and viral vectors expressing HCV genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Guo
- Research Institute of Chemical Defense, No.1 Huaiyin Road, Beijing 102205, China
- Department of Environment and Health, Tianjin Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine, No.1 Dali Road, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Jin-Yi Zhong
- Research Institute of Chemical Defense, No.1 Huaiyin Road, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Jun-Wen Li
- Department of Environment and Health, Tianjin Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine, No.1 Dali Road, Tianjin 300050, China
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Huo S, Zuo Y, Li N, Li X, Zhang Y, Wang L, Liu H, Zhang J, Cui D, He P, Xu J, Li Y, Zhu X, Zhong F. Chicken IL-7 as a potent adjuvant enhances IBDV VP2 DNA vaccine immunogenicity and protective efficacy. Vet Microbiol 2016; 193:145-55. [PMID: 27599941 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Our previous work has demonstrated that the mammalian interleukin-7 (IL-7) gene can enhance the immunogenicity of DNA vaccine. Whether chicken IL-7 (chIL-7) possesses the ability to enhance the immunogenicity of VP2 DNA vaccine of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) remained unknown. To investigate this, we constructed a VP2 antigenic region (VP2366) gene and chIL-7 gene vectors, co-immunized chicken with these vectors and analyzed the effects of the chIL-7 gene on VP2366 gene immunogenicity. Results showed that co-administrated chIL-7 gene with VP2 DNA vaccine significantly increased specific serum antibody titers against IBDV, and enhanced lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-γ and IL-4 productions. More importantly, chIL-7 gene significantly increased VP2366 gene-induced protection against virulent IBDV infection, indicating that the chIL-7 gene possessed the capacity to enhance VP2366 DNA vaccine immunogenicity, and therefore might function as a novel adjuvant for IBDV VP2 DNA vaccine. Mechanically, chIL-7 could stimulate the common cytokine receptor γ chain (γc) expressions in vitro and in vivo, which might be involved in chIL-7 enhancement of the immunogenicity of VP2 DNA vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Huo
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China; Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yuzhu Zuo
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China; Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Nan Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Xiujin Li
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China; Department of Dermatology, PLA Army General Hospital General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Liyue Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China; Rinpu (Baoding) Biological Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Baoding 071004, China
| | - Jianlou Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China; Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Dan Cui
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Pingyou He
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China; Rinpu (Baoding) Biological Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Baoding 071004, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China; Department of Biotechnology, College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Yan Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China; Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Xiutong Zhu
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China; Rinpu (Baoding) Biological Pharmaceutical Co., LTD, Baoding 071004, China.
| | - Fei Zhong
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China; Hebei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Veterinary Biotechnology, Baoding 071000, China.
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Hepatitis C virus and vaccine development. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MEDICINE 2014; 3:207-15. [PMID: 25635247 PMCID: PMC4293608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 08/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is approximately 3% around the world. This virus causes chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The effectiveness of interferon-α and ribavirin therapy is about 50% and is associated with significant toxicity and cost. Hence, generating new vaccines or drugs is an obligation. However, there is no vaccine available for clinical use. DNA vaccines have some advantages such as producing feasibility and generating intensive cellular and humoral immune responses. Activation and improvement of natural immune defense mechanisms is a necessity for the development of an effective HCV vaccine. This article discusses the current status of therapies for hepatitis C, the promising new therapies and the experimental strategies to develop an HCV vaccine.
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Košík I, Krejnusová I, Práznovská M, Russ G. The multifaceted effect of PB1-F2 specific antibodies on influenza A virus infection. Virology 2013; 447:1-8. [PMID: 24210094 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2013.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 06/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PB1-F2 is a small influenza A virus (IAV) protein encoded by an alternative reading frame of the PB1 gene. During IAV infection, antibodies to PB1-F2 proteins are induced. To determine their function and contribution to virus infection, three distinct approaches were employed: passive transfer of anti-PB1-F2 MAbs and polyclonal antibodies, active immunization with PB1-F2 peptides and DNA vaccination with plasmids expressing various parts of PB1-F2. Mostly N-terminal specific antibodies were detected in polyclonal sera raised to complete PB1-F2. Passive and active immunization revealed that antibodies recognizing the N-terminal part of the PB1-F2 molecule have no remarkable effect on the course of IAV infection. Interestingly antibodies against the C-terminal region of PB1-F2, obtained by immunization with KLH-PB1-F2 C-terminal peptide or DNA immunization with pC-ter.PB1-F2 plasmid, partially protected mice against virus infection. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the biological relevance of humoral immunity against PB1-F2 protein in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Košík
- Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Park KS, Seo YB, Lee JY, Im SJ, Seo SH, Song MS, Choi YK, Sung YC. Complete protection against a H5N2 avian influenza virus by a DNA vaccine expressing a fusion protein of H1N1 HA and M2e. Vaccine 2011; 29:5481-7. [PMID: 21664216 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.05.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2010] [Revised: 04/30/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Most influenza vaccines target hemagglutinin (HA) in order to protect the host against infection. However, theses vaccines are strain-specific due to major antigenic variations of HA. Since it is difficult to predict epidemic and pandemic strains of influenza virus, the development of effective vaccines against divergent influenza viruses is urgently needed. Although M2e-based vaccines are associated with weaker protection than HA-based vaccines that induce neutralizing antibodies against challenge virus matched-strain, the extracellular domain of Matrix 2 protein (M2e) is one of a potential broad-spectrum immunogen because it contains highly conserved sequences among influenza A viruses. In this study, M2e sequence was fused to H1N1 HA DNA (M2e-HA) and the immunogenicity and antiviral efficacy of this DNA vaccine was evaluated in response to challenge with a heterosubtypic H5N2 avian influenza virus. Compared to vaccination with HA or M2e DNA alone, vaccination with M2e-HA DNA or combination of M2e DNA and HA DNA (M2e DNA+HA DNA) induced a broad immunity without evidence of immune interference. In addition, HA-specific CD8(+) and M2e-specific T cell responses elicited by M2e-HA DNA vaccination were significantly higher than those of HA or M2e DNA vaccine alone, respectively. Following challenge with a heterosubtypic influenza virus infection, vaccination with M2e-HA DNA conferred complete protection against mortality. In combination, these results suggest that DNA vaccines expressing a fusion protein, M2e-HA, may provide an attractive approach for the development of broad-spectrum influenza vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Seok Park
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Division of Molecular and Life Sciences, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Influenza is responsible for the infection of approximately 20% of the population every season and for an annual death toll of approximately half a million people. The most effective means for controlling infection and thereby reducing morbidity and mortality is vaccination by injection with an inactivated vaccine, or by intranasal administration of a live-attenuated vaccine. Protection is not always optimal and there is a need for the development of new vaccines with improved efficacy and for the expansion of enrollment into vaccination programs. An overview of old and new vaccines is presented. Methods of monitoring immune responses such as hemagglutination-inhibition, ELISA and neutralization tests are evaluated for their accuracy in the assessment of current and new-generation vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichria Zakay-Rones
- Chanock Center of Virology, The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada (IMRIC), Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Park SH, Song MY, Nam HJ, Im SJ, Sung YC. Codelivery of IL-7 Augments Multigenic HCV DNA Vaccine-induced Antibody as well as Broad T Cell Responses in Cynomolgus Monkeys. Immune Netw 2010; 10:198-205. [PMID: 21286380 PMCID: PMC3026939 DOI: 10.4110/in.2010.10.6.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A crucial limitation of DNA vaccines is its weak immunogenicity, especially in terms of eliciting antibody responses in non-human primates or humans; therefore, it is essential to enhance immune responses to vaccination for the development of successful DNA vaccines for humans. Methods Here, we approached this issue by evaluating interleukin-7 (IL-7) as a genetic adjuvant in cynomolgus monkeys immunized with multigenic HCV DNA vaccine. Results Codelivery of human IL-7 (hIL-7)-encoding DNA appeared to increase DNA vaccine-induced antibody responses specific for HCV E2 protein, which plays a critical role in protecting from HCV infection. HCV-specific T cell responses were also significantly enhanced by codelivery of hIL-7 DNA. Interestingly, the augmentation of T cell responses by codelivery of hIL-7 DNA was shown to be due to the enhancement of both the breadth and magnitude of immune responses against dominant and subdominant epitopes. Conclusion Taken together, these findings suggest that the hIL-7-expressing plasmid serves as a promising vaccine adjuvant capable of eliciting enhanced vaccine-induced antibody and broad T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyung Park
- Division of Molecular and Life Science, Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, WCU, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Korea
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