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Chaiyawat P, Sangkhathat S, Chiangjong W, Wongtrakoongate P, Hongeng S, Pruksakorn D, Chutipongtanate S. Targeting pediatric solid tumors in the new era of RNA therapeutics. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 200:104406. [PMID: 38834094 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite substantial progress in pediatric cancer treatment, poor prognosis remained for patients with recurrent or metastatic disease, given the limitations of approved targeted treatments and immunotherapies. RNA therapeutics offer significant potential for addressing a broad spectrum of diseases, including cancer. Advances in manufacturing and delivery systems are paving the way for the rapid development of therapeutic RNAs for clinical applications. This review summarizes therapeutic RNA classifications and the mechanisms of action, highlighting their potential in manipulating major cancer-related pathways and biological effects. We also focus on the pre-clinical investigation of RNA molecules with efficient delivery systems for their therapeutic potential targeting pediatric solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parunya Chaiyawat
- Musculoskeletal Science and Translational Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Extracellular Vesicle Working Group, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Surasak Sangkhathat
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand; Extracellular Vesicle Working Group, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Wararat Chiangjong
- Pediatric Translational Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Extracellular Vesicle Working Group, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Patompon Wongtrakoongate
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Extracellular Vesicle Working Group, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ra-mathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Extracellular Vesicle Working Group, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Dumnoensun Pruksakorn
- Musculoskeletal Science and Translational Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Extracellular Vesicle Working Group, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
| | - Somchai Chutipongtanate
- Pediatric Translational Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ra-mathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; MILCH and Novel Therapeutics Lab, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Extracellular Vesicle Working Group, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
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Luo Y, Niu G, Yi H, Li Q, Wu Z, Wang J, Yang J, Li B, Peng Y, Liang Y, Wang W, Peng Z, Shuai X, Guo Y. Nanomedicine promotes ferroptosis to inhibit tumour proliferation in vivo. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101908. [PMID: 33674250 PMCID: PMC8113035 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
miR-101–3p may play a therapeutic role in various tumours. However, its anti-tumour mechanism remains unclear, and a definitive strategy to treat tumour cells in vivo is lacking. The objective of this study was to investigate the inhibitory mechanism of miR-101–3p on tumour cells and to develop relevant nanomedicines for in vivo therapy. The expression levels of miR-101–3p and its target protein TBLR1 in tumour tissues and cells were detected, and their relationship with ferroptosis was clarified. Furthermore, the efficacy of nanocarriers in achieving in vivo therapeutic gene delivery was evaluated. Nanomedicine was further developed, with the anti-proliferative in vivo therapeutic effect validated using a subcutaneous xenograft cancer model. The expression level of miR-101–3p negatively correlated with clinical tumour size and TNM stage. miR-101–3p restores ferroptosis in tumour cells by directly targeting TBLR1, which in turn promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation. We developed nanomedicine that can deliver miR-101–3p to tumour cells in vivo to achieve ferroptosis recovery, as well as to inhibit in vivo tumour proliferation. The miR-101–3p/TBLR1 axis plays an important role in tumour ferroptosis. Nanopharmaceuticals that increase miR-101–3p levels may be effective therapies to inhibit tumour proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Geriatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Gang Niu
- Department of General Surgery, Geriatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hui Yi
- Department of General Surgery, Geriatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qingling Li
- Department of General Surgery, Geriatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Internal Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Geriatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Geriatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of General Surgery, Geriatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yuan Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Geriatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Geriatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Internal Medicine, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Geriatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhenwei Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Geriatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Xintao Shuai
- Department of General Surgery, Geriatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Geriatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Li H, Wang J, Xu F, Wang L, Sun G, Wang J, Yang Y. By downregulating PBX3, miR-526b suppresses the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process in cervical cancer cells. Future Oncol 2019; 15:1577-1591. [PMID: 30859853 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2018-0575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Research on novel mutant genes may develop the treatment of cervical cancer (CC). The role of miRNA-526b in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CC was investigated. Methods: The role and the molecular mechanism of miRNA-526b in CC and its effect on EMT were analyzed in clinical specimens and oncology experiments. Results: miRNA-526b was proved to be decreased in CC and associated with malignant clinicopathological characters. The character of miRNA-526b in EMT was also inspected in CC cells and tumor models. miRNA-526b was found to be able to inhibit the EMT property of CC cells by directly targeting PBX3. Conclusion: miRNA-526b restoration may be deliberated as a new treatment strategy of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfang Li
- Department of Gynecology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou City, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Feixue Xu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou City, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Gaogao Sun
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou City, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Longhua District People's Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, 518109, PR China
| | - Yongxiu Yang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
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Kong Q, Han J, Deng H, Wu F, Guo S, Ye Z. miR-431-5p alters the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers by targeting UROC28 in hepatoma cells. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:6489-6503. [PMID: 30323624 PMCID: PMC6177384 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s173840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNA (miR)-431 plays an essential role in various human cancer types, particularly in the process of invasion. However, the function and mechanism of miR-431-5p in the invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain undefined. METHODS The expression levels of miR-431-5p and its potential target protein UROC28 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and tissues were detected, and the levels of EMT markers in vivo and in vitro were also detected. RESULTS MiR-431-5p was downregulated in HCC cell lines and tissues and associated with vascular invasion and tumor encapsulation. Furthermore, miR-431-5p was able to influence the epithelialto-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in HCCLM3 and HUH7 cells. Mechanistically, it was discovered that miR-431-5p repressed invasion by targeting UROC28. Furthermore, miR-431-5p influenced the EMT markers in HCCLM3 and HUH7 cells by downregulating UROC28 expression. Similarly, in vivo assays confirmed that miR-431-5p upregulation in HCC cells remarkably inhibited tumor proliferation and influenced the EMT markers. CONCLUSION The current study has demonstrated that the miR-431-5p/UROC28 axis acts possible influence on the EMT in HCC. Upregulation of miR-431-5p could be an original approach for inhibiting tumor invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglei Kong
- Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-San University, Guangzhou 510630, China,
| | - Jianhua Han
- Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-San University, Guangzhou 510630, China,
| | - Hong Deng
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-San University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Feilong Wu
- Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-San University, Guangzhou 510630, China,
| | - Shaozhong Guo
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-San University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zhiqiang Ye
- Department of Emergency, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-San University, Guangzhou 510630, China,
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Li R, Wang R, Zhai R, Dong Z. Targeted Inhibition of Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Signaling Pathway Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis of Laryngeal Carcinoma Cells in vitro. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 97:781-6. [DOI: 10.1177/030089161109700616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Aim and Objective Laryngeal carcinoma is one of the most aggressive cancers of the head and neck region. The survival rate of patients with laryngeal carcinoma is low due to its late metastases and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. It was reported that mTOR was involved in the growth and apoptosis of various cancer cells. The aim of this study was to detect the effects of mTOR inhibition by mTOR shRNA on the proliferation, apoptosis and invasive ability of Hep-2 human laryngeal carcinoma cells in vitro. Methods and Study Design mTOR shRNA was designed and transfected into Hep-2 human laryngeal carcinoma cells. Untreated cells and cells treated with control vector (non-targeted shRNA) were used as control. The proliferation and apoptosis of Hep-2 cells were detected by MTT and flow cytometry. A transwell assay was used to measure the invasive ability of Hep-2. The inhibition effects on the mTOR signaling pathway by mTOR shRNA were studied using RT-PCR and Western blot. Results Our results showed that the mRNA and protein expression of mTOR and Akt were high in laryngeal carcinoma cells and could be inhibited by mTOR shRNA. At the same time, low expression of PTEN mRNA and protein was observed in Hep-2 cells. The expression increased when the cells were transfected with mTOR shRNA. This showed that mTOR shRNA could inhibit the proliferation and invasive ability of Hep-2 cells. It also could induce the apoptosis of Hep-2 cells in vitro. Conclusions The mTOR signaling pathway plays an important role in the development of laryngeal carcinoma. The mTOR shRNA we designed in this experiment effectively inhibited the mTOR signaling pathway. It inhibited the proliferation and invasive ability of the studied laryngeal carcinoma cells and induced their apoptosis in vitro. mTOR might therefore be a useful target in the therapy of laryngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrui Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of JiaMuSi University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Riguang Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of JiaMuSi University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Raosheng Zhai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of JiaMuSi University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun
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Liu XZ, Li CJ, Wu SJ, Shi X, Zhao JN. Involvement of α5 integrin in survivin-mediated osteosarcoma metastasis. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2016; 9:478-83. [PMID: 27261858 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of survivin in osteosarcoma metastasis. METHODS Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to knockdown the expression of survivin and α5 integrin in the human osteosarcoma cell line MG63. Western blotting and immunostaining methods were used to assessed the effect of survivin knockdown on the expression of α5 integrin through flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy detection. Meanwhile, the invasion and migration of transfected cells in Transwell and wound healing assays were probed, and the growth situation of these cells transplanted into nude mice was monitored. RESULTS Knockdown of survivin expression could inhibit the invasion and migration of osteosarcoma MG64 cells in vitro and the expression of α5 integrin on osteosarcoma MG64 cell surface, suggesting that survivin can inhibit the invasion and migration of osteosarcoma cells through downregulation of α5 integrin. Anti-α5 integrin antibody could also markedly decrease the capability of invasion and migration of osteosarcoma MG64 cells. Additionally, knockdown of survivin expression could slow the growth of osteosarcoma MG63 cells transplanted into nude mice. CONCLUSIONS Survivin-directed anti-tumor strategies might be an effective method in the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Zhou Liu
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Cheng-Jun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Su-Jia Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Xin Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Jian-Ning Zhao
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China.
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Ma Y, Zhu B, Liu X, Yu H, Yong L, Liu X, Shao J, Liu Z. Inhibition of oleandrin on the proliferation show and invasion of osteosarcoma cells in vitro by suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2015; 34:115. [PMID: 26444270 PMCID: PMC4596494 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0232-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is a high-grade bone sarcoma with early metastasis potential, and the clinical chemotherapy drugs that are currently used for its treatment have some limitations. Recently, several studies have reported the selective antitumor effect of oleandrin on various tumor cells. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects and underlying mechanisms of oleandrin on OS cells. Methods The effect of oleandrin on the proliferation, morphology, and apoptosis of U2OS and SaOS-2 cells were analyzed in vitro. The activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was determined using a dual luciferase assay. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and western blot assays were performed to evaluate the mRNA and total protein expression of the downstream target genes. Changes of β-catenin in intracellular localization were also explored using a western blot after separating the nucleus and cytoplasm proteins. The MMP-2 and MMP-9 enzymatic activities were determined using gelatin zymography. Results Oleandrin significantly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of OS cells in vitro, and induced their apoptosis. After treatment with oleandrin, the TOP/FOP flash ratio in OS cells was noticeably decreased, which indicated that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was repressed. The expression of related Wnt target genes and total β-catenin was downregulated, and a reduced nuclear β-catenin level by oleandrin was observed as well. In addition, oleandrin suppressed the activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Conclusions Oleandrin, in vitro, exerted a strong antitumor effect on human OS cells by suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which interfered with the proliferation and invasion of OS cells, as well as induced cells apoptosis. Moreover, the expression and activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were downregulated by oleandrin, which contributed to the cells’ lower invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, North Garden Street No. 49, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, North Garden Street No. 49, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, North Garden Street No. 49, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huilei Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, North Garden Street No. 49, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei Yong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, North Garden Street No. 49, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, North Garden Street No. 49, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jia Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, North Garden Street No. 49, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhongjun Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, North Garden Street No. 49, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
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Liu Y, Teng Z, Wang Y, Gao P, Chen J. Prognostic Significance of Survivin Expression in Osteosarcoma Patients: A Meta-Analysis. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:2877-85. [PMID: 26408642 PMCID: PMC4588668 DOI: 10.12659/msm.894448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy and has poor prognosis. Survivin has been identified as an independent prognostic factor for a majority of cancers. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of survivin expression on the clinical outcome of osteosarcoma patients. Material/Methods Online electronic databases were searched for related articles published between 2000 and 2015. Odds ratio (OR) and risk ratio (RR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were employed to calculate the significance. Results Overall, a total of 20 relevant studies were selected, including 1030 patients. No significant heterogeneity was observed among included studies (P>0.01, I2<50%). Survivin was expressed in 68.6% of all cases. Our results show that survivin expression increased the 5-year overall survival (RR=0.48, 95% CI=0.32–0.71, P=0.0002) and rate of postoperative recurrence (RR=1.80, 95% CI=1.09–2.97, P=0.02). It was associated with the grade of osteosarcoma (Enneking clinical stage, IIb–III vs. I–IIa: OR=5.26, 95% CI=3.76–7.34, P<0.00001; Price’s grade, III vs. I+II: OR=2.04, 95% CI=1.16–3.61, P=0.01), metastasis, and soft tissue invasion of osteosarcoma (OR=6.25, 95% CI=3.74–10.45, P<0.00001; OR=6.15, 95% CI=3.74–10.11, P<0.00001). No relationship was found between survivin expression and sex, age, or tumor size in patients with osteosarcoma. Conclusions Our results suggest that survivin can function as a new diagnostic biomarker for osteosarcoma and be used as a reference index to determine pathology classification of osteosarcoma, providing new targets for gene therapy of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Zhaowei Teng
- Department of Orthopedics, The People's Hospital of Yuxi City, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yuxi, Yunan, China (mainland)
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Pengfei Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China (mainland)
| | - Junli Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, China (mainland)
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Minoda M, Kawamoto T, Ueha T, Kamata E, Morishita M, Harada R, Toda M, Onishi Y, Hara H, Kurosaka M, Akisue T. Antitumor effect of YM155, a novel small-molecule survivin suppressant, via mitochondrial apoptosis in human MFH/UPS. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:891-9. [PMID: 26166250 PMCID: PMC4532197 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis family, which is known to inhibit mitochondrial apoptosis. Survivin is highly expressed in cancers and plays an important role in cancer cell survival, and increased survivin expression is an unfavorable prognostic marker in cancer patients. YM155, a novel small-molecule survivin suppressant, selectively suppresses survivin expression, resulting in the induction of apoptosis in various malignancies. However, the roles of survivin in human malignant fibrous histiocytoma/undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (MFH/UPS) have not been studied. In the present study, we examined survivin expression in human musculoskeletal tumor tissues, and the effect of survivin inhibition by siRNA or YM155 on apoptotic activity in human MFH/UPS cell lines. In tumor tissues, mRNA expression of survivin was significantly higher in MFH/UPS samples than in benign schwannomas. Moreover, in vitro studies revealed that both survivin siRNA and YM155 suppressed survivin expression and inhibited MFH/UPS cell proliferation in a dose- and a time-dependent manner. Further, the numbers of apoptotic cells significantly increased with YM155 treatment. In vivo, tumor volume in YM155-treated groups was significantly reduced without significant bodyweight loss. Increased apoptotic activity along with decreased survivin expression was also observed in YM155-treated tumors. The findings in this study strongly suggest that survivin suppressants, including YM155, contribute to the suppression of human MFH/UPS cell growth via promoting mitochondrial apoptosis, and that survivin may be a potent therapeutic target for the novel treatment of human MFH/UPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Minoda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Teruya Kawamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ueha
- Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Etsuko Kamata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masayuki Morishita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Risa Harada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Toda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yasuo Onishi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hitomi Hara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kurosaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Akisue
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
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Yang M, Pan Y, Zhou Y. Depletion of ALX1 causes inhibition of migration and induction of apoptosis in human osteosarcoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:5965-70. [PMID: 25736924 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3271-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumor in children and young adults, and the molecular regulation of the invasion of osteosarcoma (OS) remains unknown. In this study, we found that increased expression of ALX1 was associated with the progression of osteosarcoma and that ALX1 protein levels were significantly elevated in matched distant metastases. High ALX1 levels also predict shorter overall survival of osteosarcoma patients. We investigated the therapeutic potential of targeting ALX1 expression using the technique of RNA silencing via short hairpin RNA (shRNA). Synthetic shRNA duplexes against ALX1 were introduced to downregulate the expression of ALX1 in a highly malignant osteosarcoma cell line, U2OS. The results obtained indicated that shRNA targeting of ALX1 could lead to an efficient and specific inhibition of endogenous ALX1 activity. Furthermore, we found that depletion of ALX1 caused a dramatic cell cycle arrest, followed by massive apoptotic cell death, and eventually resulted in a significant decrease in migration and invasion of the osteosarcoma cell line studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfu Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
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11
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Zhang L, Ye Y, Yang D, Lin J. Survivin and vascular endothelial growth factor are associated with spontaneous pulmonary metastasis of osteosarcoma: Development of an orthotopic mouse model. Oncol Lett 2014; 8:2577-2580. [PMID: 25360171 PMCID: PMC4214415 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The high rate of pulmonary metastases of osteosarcoma (OS) presents a therapeutic challenge in the field of orthopedics. Therefore, there is a marked requirement to establish a spontaneous pulmonary metastasis animal model of OS, within which potential antitumor agents may be evaluated for their ability to inhibit the growth and pulmonary metastasis of OS, as well as to identify potentially associated biomarkers of OS metastasis. In the present study, rodent OS cells (UMR106-01) were injected into the right tibia of athymic nude mice. The mice were sacrificed weekly by cervical dislocation at one to five weeks following inoculation. The orthotopic mice developed tumor masses in the right tibia one week following inoculation. At three weeks, multiple nodules were observed in the lungs. The expression of survivin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was analyzed in the tumors and lungs via immunohistochemistry. The positive expression of survivin and VEGF was identified in the local tumor and lung tissue of the orthotopic mice, however was not observed in the tissues of the healthy control mice. The orthotopic model established in the current study presents a valuable tool for the investigation of factors that promote or inhibit OS growth and/or metastasis. In addition, it was identified that survivin and VEGF may be significant in the lung metastasis of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- College of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Youyou Ye
- College of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Dejian Yang
- College of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Lin
- First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
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12
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Li Z, Li Y, Wang N, Yang L, Zhao W, Zeng X. Establishment and analysis of osteosarcoma cell sublines with different metastatic characteristics. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:8591-6. [PMID: 24863941 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2029-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to establish human osteosarcoma MG-63 cell sublines with different metastatic characteristics and provide good experimental models for mechanism study of osteosarcoma metastasis. Six cell sublines were screened and established by using the in vitro cloning technology. In vitro invasion experiments, cellular electrophoretic mobility determinations, cellular proliferation rate determinations, and soft agar clone formation assays were used to compare, analyze, and identify the metastatic characteristics of various cell sublines. The results indicated that the invasion capacity, cellular electrophoretic mobility, cell proliferation, and soft agar clone formation capacity of A2, A3, and A16 sublines were higher than those of A1, A6, and A20 sublines. There was no significant difference in various values determined among A2, A3, and A16, and among A1, A6, and A20 (P > 0.05), but there were significant differences in various values determined between the former three and the latter three (P < 0.05). In conclusion, MG-63 cell sublines with different metastatic characteristics can be established by combining several technologies and can contribute to further research on the mechanism of osteosarcoma metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Jilin University Basic Medical School, 126 Xinmin Avenue, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
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13
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Yao C, Wei JJ, Wang ZY, Ding HM, Li D, Yan SC, Yang YJ, Gu ZP. Perifosine induces cell apoptosis in human osteosarcoma cells: new implication for osteosarcoma therapy? Cell Biochem Biophys 2013; 65:217-27. [PMID: 23015227 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-012-9423-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Despite the advances of adjuvant chemotherapy and significant improvement of survival, the prognosis for patients with osteosarcoma is generally poor. The search for more effective anti-osteosarcoma agents is necessary and urgent. Here we report that perifosine induces cell apoptosis and growth inhibition in cultured human osteosarcoma cells. Perifosine blocks Akt/mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling, while promoting caspase-3, c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), and p53 activation. Further, perifosine inhibits survivin expression probably by disrupting its association with heat shock protein-90 (HSP-90). These signaling changes together were responsible for a marked increase of osteosarcoma cell apoptosis and growth inhibition. Finally, we found that a low dose of perifosine enhanced etoposide- or doxorubicin-induced anti-OS cells activity. The results together suggest that perifosine might be used as a novel and effective anti-osteosarcoma agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, BenQ Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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14
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Que XY, Li Y, Han Y, Li XZ. Effects of siRNA‑mediated Cdc2 silencing on MG63 cell proliferation and apoptosis. Mol Med Rep 2012; 7:466-70. [PMID: 23229085 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2012.1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA)‑induced inhibition of cyclin‑dependent kinase 2 (Cdc2) expression on osteosarcoma MG63 cell proliferation and apoptosis. An siRNA expression plasmid, psilencer 2.1‑U6/Cdc2, targeting the Cdc2 gene, and a control psilencer 2.1‑U6/Scramble plasmid were constructed and transfected into MG63 cells using liposomes. Cdc2 expression in the MG63 cells was investigated by western blot analysis and real‑time polymerase chain reaction. Cell morphology was also examined. The effects of psilencer 2.1‑U6/Cdc2 on MG63 cell proliferation and the cell cycle were detected via MTT and flow cytometry, respectively. Expression levels of apoptosis‑related molecules, B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2) and Bcl‑2‑associated X (Bax) were determined by western blot analysis. MG63 cells stably transfected with the psilencer 2.1‑U6/Cdc2 plasmid (MG63‑siRNA/Cdc2) and negative control cells, MG63‑siRNA/Scramble, were successfully obtained. The silencing efficiencies of the Cdc2‑expressing mRNA and protein in MG63‑siRNA/Cdc2 were 86 and 89% of that of the control MG63‑siRNA/Scramble cells, respectively. Interference of Cdc2 expression inhibited MG63 cell proliferation and was demonstrated to significantly increase and decrease cells in the G2/M and S phases, respectively. Cdc2 expression silencing had negligible effects on Bcl‑2 and Bax expression in MG63 cells. In conclusion, silencing of Cdc2 expression suppresses proliferation of osteosarcoma MG63 cells but has negligible effects on apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yong Que
- Department of Orthopedics, Renhe Hospital of Three Gorges University, Yichang 443001, P.R. China
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15
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Bone sarcomas: from biology to targeted therapies. Sarcoma 2012; 2012:301975. [PMID: 23226965 PMCID: PMC3514839 DOI: 10.1155/2012/301975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary malignant bone tumours, osteosarcomas, and Ewing sarcomas are rare diseases which occur mainly in adolescents and young adults. With the current therapies, some patients remain very difficult to treat, such as tumour with poor histological response to preoperative CT (or large initial tumour volume for Ewing sarcomas not operated), patients with multiple metastases at or those who relapsed. In order to develop new therapies against these rare tumours, we need to unveil the key driving factors and molecular abnormalities behind the malignant characteristics and to broaden our understanding of the phenomena sustaining the metastatic phenotype and treatment resistance in these tumours. In this paper, starting with the biology of these tumours, we will discuss potential therapeutic targets aimed at increasing local tumour control, limiting metastatic spread, and finally improving patient survival.
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Wang Q, Shu R, He H, Wang L, Ma Y, Zhu H, Wang Z, Wang S, Shen G, Lei P. Co-silencing of Birc5 (survivin) and Hspa5 (Grp78) induces apoptosis in hepatoma cells more efficiently than single gene interference. Int J Oncol 2012; 41:652-60. [PMID: 22581315 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2012.1471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Birc5 (previously known as survivin) is a cancer-specific protein. Due to the upregulation of its expression in various human malignancies and its key role in apoptosis, proliferation and angiogenesis, Birc5 has attracted attention as a target for anticancer therapies. In this study, when Birc5 was silenced in HepG2 cells, 29.7±3.3% cells underwent apoptosis as expected. It was found that the expression levels of glucose-regulated protein 78 (Hspa5, previously known as Grp78) was increased by almost 3-fold in Birc5-silenced HepG2 cells. Hspa5, a master regulator of the anti-apoptotic unfolded protein response signalling network, can also promote tumor proliferation, survival and metastasis. Hence, we hypothesized that the co-silencing of Birc5 and Hspa5 may exert a stronger apoptosis-inducing effect than single gene interference. To verify this, the expression levels of Birc5 and Hspa5 in human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues were determined. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of Birc5 and Hspa5 was elevated in 28 out of 31 samples. Additionally, plasmid-based siRNA against Birc5 and/or Hspa5 were constructed and transfected into the human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line, HepG2. Compared with the HepG2 cells, in which Birc5 or Hspa5 were silenced alone, only 44.2±3.4% of the co-silenced cells proliferated, and 40.3±3.7% co-silenced cells underwent apoptosis (p<0.05). Furthermore, tumor formation from inoculated subcutaneous co-silenced cells in nude mice was inhibited significantly. The current study suggests that Birc5 and Hspa5 could be important survival factors for hepatoma carcinoma cells and that the simultaneous knockdown of Birc5 and Hspa5 is more effective in inducing apoptosis in HepG2 cells than the knockdown of Birc5 or Hspa5 alone. The co-silencing of Birc5 and Hspa5 could be warranted for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Ortiz J, Chou LL. Calcium upregulated survivin expression and associated osteogenesis of normal human osteoblasts. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 100:1770-6. [PMID: 22488949 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Revised: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Survivin is an antiapoptotic protein expressed in all phases of the normal cell cycle but is at its highest level during the G2/M interphase. This protein has been recently identified in normal human osteoblasts and has raised questions about the regulation of its expression. This study intends to verify if survivin expression could be manipulated by external factors such as calcium ions. Normal human alveolar bone explants recovered from six healthy donors were cultured to 2nd passage. Cells were cultured with essential medium as a control and with medium containing supplemental calcium ions at a concentration of 30 parts per million as a study group. Vitamin D(3) was added to all culture groups at the 5th and 18th days to promote differentiation. Differentiation markers were confirmed by performing mineralization, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and osteocalcin assays at 7 and 21 days. Cell attachment was measured at 16 h and used as a reference for cell proliferation at 7 days and 21 days. Survivin levels were measured at 16 h, 7 and 21 days. Compared with the control group, the study group presented a significant increase of survivin expression at 16 h (p < 0.01), at 7 days (p < 0.01), and at 21 days (p < 0.05), a significant increase of cell proliferation, ALP activity and mineralization at 7 days (p < 0.05) and 21 days (p < 0.05), and a significant increase in osteocalcin expression only at 21 days (p < 0.01). This study demonstrated that survivin expression could be significantly upregulated by calcium-enhanced normal human osteoblast cultures, which might correlate to subsequent upregulation of cell proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Ortiz
- Department of Restorative Sciences/Orthodontics, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
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