1
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Henion J, Hao C, Eikel D, Beck O, Stambeck P. An analytical approach for on-site analysis of breath samples for Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2024; 59:e4987. [PMID: 38108556 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Increased acceptance of cannabis containing the psychoactive component, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), raises concerns about the potential for impaired drivers and increased highway accidents. In contrast to the "breathalyzer" test, which is generally accepted for determining the alcohol level in a driver, there is no currently accepted roadside test for THC in a motorist. There is a need for an easily collectible biological sample from a potentially impaired driver coupled with an accurate on-site test to measure the presence and quantity of THC in a driver. A novel breath collection device is described, which includes three separate sample collectors for collecting identical A, B, and C breath samples from a subject. A simple one-step ethanol extraction of the "A" breath collector sample can be analyzed by UHPLC/selected ion monitoring (SIM) liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) to provide qualitative and quantitative determination of THC in breath sample in less than 4 min for samples collected up to 6 h after smoking a cannabis cigarette. SIM LC/MS bioanalyses employed d3-THC as the stable isotope internal standard fortified in negative control breath samples for quantitation including replicates of six calibrator standards and three quality control (QC) samples. Subsequent confirmation of the same breath sample in the B collectors was then confirmed by a reference lab by LC/MS/MS analysis. Fit-for-purpose bioanalytical validation consistent with pharmaceutical regulated bioanalyses produced pharmacokinetic (PK) curves for the two volunteer cannabis smokers. These results produced PK curves, which showed a rapid increase of THC in the breath of the subjects in the first hour followed by reduced THC levels in the later time points. A simpler single-point calibration curve procedure with calibrators and QC prepared in ethanol provided similar results. Limitations to this approach include the higher cost and operator skill sets for the instrumentation employed and the inability to actually determine driver impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Henion
- Advion Interchim Scientific, Ithaca, New York, USA
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | | | - Daniel Eikel
- Advion Interchim Scientific, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Olof Beck
- Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
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2
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Cafaro A, Conti M, Pigliasco F, Barco S, Bandettini R, Cangemi G. Biological Fluid Microsampling for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: A Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1962. [PMID: 37509602 PMCID: PMC10377272 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a specialized area of laboratory medicine which involves the measurement of drug concentrations in biological fluids with the aim of optimizing efficacy and reducing side effects, possibly modifying the drug dose to keep the plasma concentration within the therapeutic range. Plasma and/or whole blood, usually obtained by venipuncture, are the "gold standard" matrices for TDM. Microsampling, commonly used for newborn screening, could also be a convenient alternative to traditional sampling techniques for pharmacokinetics (PK) studies and TDM, helping to overcome practical problems and offering less invasive options to patients. Although technical limitations have hampered the use of microsampling in these fields, innovative techniques such as 3-D dried blood spheroids, volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS), dried plasma spots (DPS), and various microfluidic devices (MDS) can now offer reliable alternatives to traditional samples. The application of microsampling in routine clinical pharmacology is also hampered by the need for instrumentation capable of quantifying analytes in small volumes with sufficient sensitivity. The combination of microsampling with high-sensitivity analytical techniques, such as liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), is particularly effective in ensuring high accuracy and sensitivity from very small sample volumes. This manuscript provides a critical review of the currently available microsampling devices for both whole blood and other biological fluids, such as plasma, urine, breast milk, and saliva. The purpose is to provide useful information in the scientific community to laboratory personnel, clinicians, and researchers interested in implementing the use of microsampling in their routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cafaro
- Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Section, Central Laboratory of Analysis, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Conti
- Public Health Department, Imola Local Unit, Regione Emilia-Romagna Healthcare Service, 40026 Imola, Italy
| | - Federica Pigliasco
- Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Section, Central Laboratory of Analysis, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Barco
- Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Section, Central Laboratory of Analysis, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberto Bandettini
- Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Section, Central Laboratory of Analysis, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuliana Cangemi
- Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Section, Central Laboratory of Analysis, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy
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3
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Verougstraete N, Stove V, Verstraete AG, Stove CP. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Using Dried Blood Microsamples. Front Oncol 2022; 12:821807. [PMID: 35392223 PMCID: PMC8980857 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.821807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is not yet performed routinely in the standard care of oncology patients, although it offers a high potential to improve treatment outcome and minimize toxicity. TKIs are perfect candidates for TDM as they show a relatively small therapeutic window, a wide inter-patient variability in pharmacokinetics and a correlation between drug concentration and effect. Moreover, most of the available TKIs are susceptible to various drug-drug interactions and medication adherence can be checked by performing TDM. Plasma, obtained via traditional venous blood sampling, is the standard matrix for TDM of TKIs. However, the use of plasma poses some challenges related to sampling and stability. The use of dried blood microsamples can overcome these limitations. Collection of samples via finger-prick is minimally invasive and considered convenient and simple, enabling sampling by the patients themselves in their home-setting. The collection of small sample volumes is especially relevant for use in pediatric populations or in pharmacokinetic studies. Additionally, working with dried matrices improves compound stability, resulting in convenient and cost-effective transport and storage of the samples. In this review we focus on the different dried blood microsample-based methods that were used for the quantification of TKIs. Despite the many advantages associated with dried blood microsampling, quantitative analyses are also associated with some specific difficulties. Different methodological aspects of microsampling-based methods are discussed and applied to TDM of TKIs. We focus on sample preparation, analytics, internal standards, dilution of samples, external quality controls, dried blood spot specific validation parameters, stability and blood-to-plasma conversion methods. The various impacts of deviating hematocrit values on quantitative results are discussed in a separate section as this is a key issue and undoubtedly the most widely discussed issue in the analysis of dried blood microsamples. Lastly, the applicability and feasibility of performing TDM using microsamples in a real-life home-sampling context is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Verougstraete
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Veronique Stove
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alain G Verstraete
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christophe P Stove
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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4
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Delahaye L, Veenhof H, Koch BCP, Alffenaar JWC, Linden R, Stove C. Alternative Sampling Devices to Collect Dried Blood Microsamples: State-of-the-Art. Ther Drug Monit 2021; 43:310-321. [PMID: 33470777 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Dried blood spots (DBS) have been used in newborn screening programs for several years. More recently, there has been growing interest in using DBS as a home sampling tool for the quantitative determination of analytes. However, this presents challenges, mainly because of the well-known hematocrit effect and other DBS-specific parameters, including spotted volume and punch site, which could add to the method uncertainty. Therefore, new microsampling devices that quantitatively collect capillary dried blood are continuously being developed. In this review, we provided an overview of devices that are commercially available or under development that allow the quantitative (volumetric) collection of dried blood (-based) microsamples and are meant to be used for home or remote sampling. Considering the field of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), we examined different aspects that are important for a device to be implemented in clinical practice, including ease of patient use, technical performance, and ease of integration in the workflow of a clinical laboratory. Costs related to microsampling devices are briefly discussed, because this additionally plays an important role in the decision-making process. Although the added value of home sampling for TDM and the willingness of patients to perform home sampling have been demonstrated in some studies, real clinical implementation is progressing at a slower pace. More extensive evaluation of these newly developed devices, not only analytically but also clinically, is needed to demonstrate their real-life applicability, which is a prerequisite for their use in the field of TDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Delahaye
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Herman Veenhof
- University of Groningen, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Birgit C P Koch
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Willem C Alffenaar
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Department of Pharmacy, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
- Marie Bashir Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; and
| | - Rafael Linden
- Laboratory of Analytical Toxicology, Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil
| | - Christophe Stove
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
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5
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Al-aqbi ZT, Albukhaty S, Zarzoor AM, Sulaiman GM, Khalil KAA, Belali T, Soliman MTA. A Novel Microfluidic Device for Blood Plasma Filtration. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:336. [PMID: 33810143 PMCID: PMC8004888 DOI: 10.3390/mi12030336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of whole blood and some biological specimens, such as urine, saliva, and seminal fluid are limited in clinical laboratory analysis due to the interference of proteins with other small molecules in the matrix and blood cells with optical detection methods. Previously, we developed a microfluidic device featuring an electrokinetic size and mobility trap (SMT) for on-chip extract, concentrate, and separate small molecules from a biological sample like whole blood. The device was used to on-chip filtrate the whole blood from the blood cells and plasma proteins and then on-chip extract and separate the aminoglycoside antibiotic drugs within 3 min. Herein, a novel microfluidic device featuring a nano-junction similar to those reported in the previous work formed by dielectric breakdown was developed for on-chip filtration and out-chip collection of blood plasma with a high extraction yield of 62% within less than 5 min. The filtered plasma was analyzed using our previous device to show the ability of this new device to remove blood cells and plasma proteins. The filtration device shows a high yield of plasma allowing it to detect a low concentration of analytes from the whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaidon T. Al-aqbi
- College of Agriculture, University of Misan, Al-Amara, Misan 62001, Iraq
| | - Salim Albukhaty
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Misan, Maysan 62001, Iraq
| | | | - Ghassan M. Sulaiman
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq;
| | - Khalil A. A. Khalil
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, 255, Al Nakhil, Bisha 67714, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.A.K.); (T.B.); (M.T.A.S.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Hodeidah, Hodeidah 3114, Yemen
| | - Tareg Belali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, 255, Al Nakhil, Bisha 67714, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.A.K.); (T.B.); (M.T.A.S.)
| | - Mohamed T. A. Soliman
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, 255, Al Nakhil, Bisha 67714, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.A.K.); (T.B.); (M.T.A.S.)
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6
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Membranes made from nonsolvent-thermally induced phase separation (N-TIPS) for decellularization of blood in dry plasma spot (DPS) applications. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.116010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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7
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A review of recent advances in microsampling techniques of biological fluids for therapeutic drug monitoring. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1635:461731. [PMID: 33285415 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Conventional sampling of biological fluids often involves a bulk quantity of samples that are tedious to collect, deliver and process. Miniaturized sampling approaches have emerged as promising tools for sample collection due to numerous advantages such as minute sample size, patient friendliness and ease of shipment. This article reviews the applications and advances of microsampling techniques in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), covering the period January 2015 - August 2020. As whole blood is the gold standard sampling matrix for TDM, this article comprehensively highlights the most historical microsampling technique, the dried blood spot (DBS), and its development. Advanced developments of DBS, ranging from various automation DBS, paper spray mass spectrometry (PS-MS), 3D dried blood spheroids and volumetric absorptive paper disc (VAPD) and mini-disc (VAPDmini) are discussed. The volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) approach, which overcomes the hematocrit effect associated with the DBS sample, has been employed in recent TDM. The sample collection and sample preparation details in DBS and VAMS are outlined and summarized. This review also delineates the involvement of other biological fluids (plasma, urine, breast milk and saliva) and their miniaturized dried matrix forms in TDM. Specific features and challenges of each microsampling technique are identified and comparison studies are reviewed.
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8
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Verstraete J, Boffel L, Stove C. Dried blood microsample-assisted determination of vitamins: Recent developments and challenges. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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9
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Gao J, Low KHJ, Chen Y, Tai ES, Chung T, Drum CL. High recovery, point‐of‐collection plasma separation from blood using electrospun polyacrylonitrile membranes. AIChE J 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore
| | - Kwee Hiang Jackson Low
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore
| | - Yang Chen
- School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South University Changsha China
| | - E. Shyong Tai
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore
| | - Tai‐Shung Chung
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore
| | - Chester Lee Drum
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore
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10
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Menz BD, Stocker SL, Verougstraete N, Kocic D, Galettis P, Stove CP, Reuter SE. Barriers and opportunities for the clinical implementation of therapeutic drug monitoring in oncology. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 87:227-236. [PMID: 32430968 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There are few fields of medicine in which the individualisation of medicines is more important than in the area of oncology. Under-dosing can have significant ramifications due to the potential for therapeutic failure and cancer progression; by contrast, over-dosing may lead to severe treatment-limiting side effects, such as agranulocytosis and neutropenia. Both circumstances lead to poor patient prognosis and contribute to the high mortality rates still seen in oncology. The concept of dose individualisation tailors dosing for each individual patient to ensure optimal drug exposure and best clinical outcomes. While the value of this strategy is well recognised, it has seen little translation to clinical application. However, it is important to recognise that the clinical setting of oncology is unlike that for which therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is currently the cornerstone of therapy (e.g. antimicrobials). Whilst there is much to learn from these established TDM settings, the challenges presented in the treatment of cancer must be considered to ensure the implementation of TDM in clinical practice. Recent advancements in a range of scientific disciplines have the capacity to address the current system limitations and significantly enhance the use of anticancer medicines to improve patient health. This review examines opportunities presented by these innovative scientific methodologies, specifically sampling strategies, bioanalytics and dosing decision support, to enable optimal practice and facilitate the clinical implementation of TDM in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley D Menz
- SA Pharmacy, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sophie L Stocker
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nick Verougstraete
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Danijela Kocic
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Galettis
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Christophe P Stove
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stephanie E Reuter
- UniSA Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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11
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Official International Association for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology Guideline: Development and Validation of Dried Blood Spot-Based Methods for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. Ther Drug Monit 2020; 41:409-430. [PMID: 31268966 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dried blood spot (DBS) analysis has been introduced more and more into clinical practice to facilitate Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM). To assure the quality of bioanalytical methods, the design, development and validation needs to fit the intended use. Current validation requirements, described in guidelines for traditional matrices (blood, plasma, serum), do not cover all necessary aspects of method development, analytical- and clinical validation of DBS assays for TDM. Therefore, this guideline provides parameters required for the validation of quantitative determination of small molecule drugs in DBS using chromatographic methods, and to provide advice on how these can be assessed. In addition, guidance is given on the application of validated methods in a routine context. First, considerations for the method development stage are described covering sample collection procedure, type of filter paper and punch size, sample volume, drying and storage, internal standard incorporation, type of blood used, sample preparation and prevalidation. Second, common parameters regarding analytical validation are described in context of DBS analysis with the addition of DBS-specific parameters, such as volume-, volcano- and hematocrit effects. Third, clinical validation studies are described, including number of clinical samples and patients, comparison of DBS with venous blood, statistical methods and interpretation, spot quality, sampling procedure, duplicates, outliers, automated analysis methods and quality control programs. Lastly, cross-validation is discussed, covering changes made to existing sampling- and analysis methods. This guideline of the International Association of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology on the development, validation and evaluation of DBS-based methods for the purpose of TDM aims to contribute to high-quality micro sampling methods used in clinical practice.
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12
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Microsampling: considerations for its use in pharmaceutical drug discovery and development. Bioanalysis 2019; 11:1015-1038. [PMID: 31218897 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2019-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in the implementation of microsampling approaches for the quantitation of circulating concentrations of analytes in biological samples derived from nonclinical and clinical studies involved in drug development. This interest is partly due to the ethical advantages of taking smaller blood volumes, particularly for studies in rodents, children and the critically ill. In addition, these technologies facilitate sampling to be performed in previously intractable locations and occasions. Further, they enable the collection of samples for additional purposes (extra time points, biomarkers, sampling during a clinical event, etc). This article gives a comprehensive insight to the utilization of these approaches in drug discovery and development, and provides recommendations for best practice for nonclinical, clinical and bioanalytical aspects.
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13
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Kumar P, Agrawal P, Chatterjee K. Challenges and opportunities in blood flow through porous substrate: A design and interface perspective of dried blood spot. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 175:112772. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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14
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Hauser J, Lenk G, Ullah S, Beck O, Stemme G, Roxhed N. An Autonomous Microfluidic Device for Generating Volume-Defined Dried Plasma Spots. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7125-7130. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Janosch Hauser
- Department of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gabriel Lenk
- Department of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shahid Ullah
- Clinical Pharmacology, Karolinska University Hospital, 11486 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olof Beck
- Clinical Pharmacology, Karolinska University Hospital, 11486 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Göran Stemme
- Department of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niclas Roxhed
- Department of Micro and Nanosystems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10044 Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Avataneo V, D’Avolio A, Cusato J, Cantù M, De Nicolò A. LC-MS application for therapeutic drug monitoring in alternative matrices. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 166:40-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16
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Velghe S, Delahaye L, Stove CP. Is the hematocrit still an issue in quantitative dried blood spot analysis? J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 163:188-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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17
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Hauser J, Lenk G, Hansson J, Beck O, Stemme G, Roxhed N. High-Yield Passive Plasma Filtration from Human Finger Prick Blood. Anal Chem 2018; 90:13393-13399. [PMID: 30379058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Whole-blood microsampling provides many benefits such as remote, patient-centric, and minimally invasive sampling. However, blood plasma, and not whole blood, is the prevailing matrix in clinical laboratory investigations. The challenge with plasma microsampling is to extract plasma volumes large enough to reliably detect low-concentration analytes from a small finger prick sample. Here we introduce a passive plasma filtration device that provides a high extraction yield of 65%, filtering 18 μL of plasma from 50 μL of undiluted human whole blood (hematocrit 45%) within less than 10 min. The enabling design element is a wedge-shaped connection between the blood filter and the hydrophilic bottom surface of a capillary channel. Using finger prick and venous blood samples from more than 10 healthy volunteers, we examined the filtration kinetics of the device over a hematocrit range of 35-55% and showed that 73 ± 8% of the total protein content was successfully recovered after filtration. The presented plasma filtration device tackles a major challenge toward patient-centric blood microsampling by providing high-yield plasma filtration, potentially allowing reliable detection of low-concentration analytes from a blood microsample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janosch Hauser
- Department for Micro and Nanosystems , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , 10044 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Gabriel Lenk
- Department for Micro and Nanosystems , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , 10044 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Jonas Hansson
- Department for Micro and Nanosystems , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , 10044 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Olof Beck
- Department of Laboratory Medicine , Karolinska Institute , 14186 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Göran Stemme
- Department for Micro and Nanosystems , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , 10044 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Niclas Roxhed
- Department for Micro and Nanosystems , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , 10044 Stockholm , Sweden
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18
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The Use of Dried Blood Spots for the Quantification of Antihypertensive Drugs. Int J Anal Chem 2018; 2018:3235072. [PMID: 30154849 PMCID: PMC6093062 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3235072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension or high blood pressure is a harbinger of cardiovascular diseases. There are several classes of drugs used to treat hypertension. This review discusses the use of dried blood spots (DBSs) for the quantification by mass spectrometry (MS), tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), or, in some cases, by fluorescence detection methods the following antihypertensive medications: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ramipril, ramiprilat, captopril, and lisinopril); angiotensin II receptor antagonists (valsartan, irbesartan, losartan, and losartan carboxylic acid); calcium channel blockers (verapamil, amlodipine, nifedipine, pregabalin, and diltiazem); α blockers (guanfacine, doxazosin, and prazosin); β blockers (propranolol, bisoprolol, atenolol, and metoprolol); endothelin receptor antagonists (bosentan and ambrisentan); and statins (simvastatin, atorvastatin, and rosuvastatin).
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Capiau S, Wilk LS, De Kesel PMM, Aalders MCG, Stove CP. Correction for the Hematocrit Bias in Dried Blood Spot Analysis Using a Nondestructive, Single-Wavelength Reflectance-Based Hematocrit Prediction Method. Anal Chem 2018; 90:1795-1804. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Capiau
- Laboratory
of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemse-steenweg 460, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Leah S. Wilk
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter M. M. De Kesel
- Laboratory
of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemse-steenweg 460, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Maurice C. G. Aalders
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Christophe P. Stove
- Laboratory
of Toxicology, Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemse-steenweg 460, Ghent 9000, Belgium
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20
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Kok MG, Fillet M. Volumetric absorptive microsampling: Current advances and applications. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 147:288-296. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Nys G, Kok MG, Servais AC, Fillet M. Beyond dried blood spot: Current microsampling techniques in the context of biomedical applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Björkesten J, Enroth S, Shen Q, Wik L, Hougaard DM, Cohen AS, Sörensen L, Giedraitis V, Ingelsson M, Larsson A, Kamali-Moghaddam M, Landegren U. Stability of Proteins in Dried Blood Spot Biobanks. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017; 16:1286-1296. [PMID: 28501802 PMCID: PMC5500761 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra117.000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
An important motivation for the construction of biobanks is to discover biomarkers that identify diseases at early, potentially curable stages. This will require biobanks from large numbers of individuals, preferably sampled repeatedly, where the samples are collected and stored under conditions that preserve potential biomarkers. Dried blood samples are attractive for biobanking because of the ease and low cost of collection and storage. Here we have investigated their suitability for protein measurements. Ninety-two proteins with relevance for oncology were analyzed using multiplex proximity extension assays (PEA) in dried blood spots collected on paper and stored for up to 30 years at either +4 °C or -24 °C.Our main findings were that (1) the act of drying only slightly influenced detection of blood proteins (average correlation of 0.970), and in a reproducible manner (correlation of 0.999), (2) detection of some proteins was not significantly affected by storage over the full range of three decades (34 and 76% of the analyzed proteins at +4 °C and -24 °C, respectively), whereas levels of others decreased slowly during storage with half-lives in the range of 10 to 50 years, and (3) detectability of proteins was less affected in dried samples stored at -24 °C compared with at +4 °C, as the median protein abundance had decreased to 80 and 93% of starting levels after 10 years of storage at +4 °C or -24 °C, respectively. The results of our study are encouraging as they suggest an inexpensive means to collect large numbers of blood samples, even by the donors themselves, and to transport, and store biobanked samples as spots of whole blood dried on paper. Combined with emerging means to measure hundreds or thousands of protein, such biobanks could prove of great medical value by greatly enhancing discovery as well as routine analysis of blood biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Björkesten
- From the ‡Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefan Enroth
- From the ‡Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Qiujin Shen
- From the ‡Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lotta Wik
- From the ‡Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David M Hougaard
- §Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arieh S Cohen
- §Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lene Sörensen
- ¶Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- ‖Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- ‖Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Larsson
- **Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Masood Kamali-Moghaddam
- From the ‡Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf Landegren
- From the ‡Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden;
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Linder C, Wide K, Walander M, Beck O, Gustafsson LL, Pohanka A. Comparison between dried blood spot and plasma sampling for therapeutic drug monitoring of antiepileptic drugs in children with epilepsy: A step towards home sampling. Clin Biochem 2017; 50:418-424. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Bills BJ, Manicke NE. Development of a prototype blood fractionation cartridge for plasma analysis by paper spray mass spectrometry. CLINICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY (DEL MAR, CALIF.) 2016; 2:18-24. [PMID: 39192842 PMCID: PMC11322750 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinms.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Drug monitoring of biofluids is often time consuming and prohibitively expensive. Analysis of dried blood spots offers advantages, such as reduced sample volume, but depends on extensive sample preparation and the presence of a trained lab technician. Paper spray mass spectrometry allows rapid analysis of small molecules from blood spots with minimal sample preparation, however, plasma is often the preferred matrix for bioanalysis. Plasma spots can be analyzed by paper spray MS, but a centrifugation step to isolate the plasma is required. We demonstrate here the development of a paper spray cartridge containing a plasma fractionation membrane to perform automatic on-cartridge plasma fractionation from whole blood samples. Three commercially available blood fractionation membranes were evaluated based on: 1) accuracy of drug concentration determination in plasma, and 2) extent of cell lysis and/or penetration. The accuracy of drug concentration determination was quantitatively determined using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). While the fractionation membranes were capable of yielding plasma samples with low levels of cell lysis, the membranes did exhibit drug binding to varying degrees, as indicated by a decrease in the drug concentration relative to plasma obtained by centrifugation. Using the membrane exhibiting the lowest binding, we developed a composite paper spray cartridge incorporating the selected fractionation membrane. Quantitative analysis of the plasma samples by paper spray MS yielded results similar to those found with HPLC-MS, but without the need for offline extraction or chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J. Bills
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Nicholas E. Manicke
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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Ryona I, Henion J. A Book-Type Dried Plasma Spot Card for Automated Flow-Through Elution Coupled with Online SPE-LC-MS/MS Bioanalysis of Opioids and Stimulants in blood. Anal Chem 2016; 88:11229-11237. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Imelda Ryona
- Q2 Solutions, 19 Brown Road, Ithaca, New
York 14850, United States
| | - Jack Henion
- Q2 Solutions, 19 Brown Road, Ithaca, New
York 14850, United States
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Opening the toolbox of alternative sampling strategies in clinical routine: A key-role for (LC-)MS/MS. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Dorofaeff T, Bandini RM, Lipman J, Ballot DE, Roberts JA, Parker SL. Uncertainty in Antibiotic Dosing in Critically Ill Neonate and Pediatric Patients: Can Microsampling Provide the Answers? Clin Ther 2016; 38:1961-75. [PMID: 27544661 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2016.07.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE With a decreasing supply of antibiotics that are effective against the pathogens that cause sepsis, it is critical that we learn to use currently available antibiotics optimally. Pharmacokinetic studies provide an evidence base from which we can optimize antibiotic dosing. However, these studies are challenging in critically ill neonate and pediatric patients due to the small blood volumes and associated risks and burden to the patient from taking blood. We investigate whether microsampling, that is, obtaining a biologic sample of low volume (<50 μL), can improve opportunities to conduct pharmacokinetic studies. METHODS We performed a literature search to find relevant articles using the following search terms: sepsis, critically ill, severe infection, intensive care AND antibiotic, pharmacokinetic, p(a)ediatric, neonate. For microsampling, we performed a search using antibiotics AND dried blood spots OR dried plasma spots OR volumetric absorptive microsampling OR solid-phase microextraction OR capillary microsampling OR microsampling. Databases searched include Web of Knowledge, PubMed, and EMbase. FINDINGS Of the 32 antibiotic pharmacokinetic studies performed on critically ill neonate or pediatric patients in this review, most of the authors identified changes to the pharmacokinetic properties in their patient group and recommended either further investigations into this patient population or therapeutic drug monitoring to ensure antibiotic doses are suitable. There remain considerable gaps in knowledge regarding the pharmacokinetic properties of antibiotics in critically ill pediatric patients. Implementing microsampling in an antibiotic pharmacokinetic study is contingent on the properties of the antibiotic, the pathophysiology of the patient (and how this can affect the microsample), and the location of the patient. A validation of the sampling technique is required before implementation. IMPLICATIONS Current antibiotic regimens for critically ill neonate and pediatric patients are frequently suboptimal due to a poor understanding of altered pharmacokinetic properties. An assessment of the suitability of microsampling for pharmacokinetic studies in neonate and pediatric patients is recommended before wider use. The method of sampling, as well as the method of bioanalysis, also requires validation to ensure the data obtained reflect the true result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tavey Dorofaeff
- Burns, Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Paediatric Intensive Care, Lady Cilento Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rossella M Bandini
- School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Wits UQ Critical Care Infection Collaboration, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jeffrey Lipman
- Burns, Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Wits UQ Critical Care Infection Collaboration, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Faculty of Health, Brisbane, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Daynia E Ballot
- Wits UQ Critical Care Infection Collaboration, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jason A Roberts
- Burns, Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Pharmacy, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Brisbane, Australia; School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Suzanne L Parker
- Burns, Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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HRMS using a Q-Exactive series mass spectrometer for regulated quantitative bioanalysis: how, when, and why to implement. Bioanalysis 2016; 8:1709-21. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2016-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High-resolution MS (HRMS) has seen an uptake in use for discovery qual/quan workflows, however, its utilization in late discovery/development has been slow. Past reports comparing HRMS to triple quadrupole (QQQ) instrumentation to date have indicated that HRMS instruments are capable of producing data acceptable for regulated bioanalysis, however lack the sensitivity required for sub ng/ml LLOQ assays. Recent advances in HRMS instrumentation have closed the sensitivity gap with QQQ and have even provided improved selectivity and sensitivity over QQQ SRM assays. Herein, the authors will describe how, when, and why HRMS (specifically Q-Exactive series mass spectrometers) should be considered for implementation in regulated quantitative bioanalysis assays.
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Capiau S, Wilk LS, Aalders MCG, Stove CP. A Novel, Nondestructive, Dried Blood Spot-Based Hematocrit Prediction Method Using Noncontact Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2016; 88:6538-46. [PMID: 27206105 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dried blood spot (DBS) sampling is recognized as a valuable alternative sampling strategy both in research and in clinical routine. Although many advantages are associated with DBS sampling, its more widespread use is hampered by several issues, of which the hematocrit effect on DBS-based quantitation remains undoubtedly the most widely discussed one. Previously, we developed a method to derive the approximate hematocrit from a nonvolumetrically applied DBS based on its potassium content. Although this method yielded good results and was straightforward to perform, it was also destructive and required sample preparation. Therefore, we now developed a nondestructive method which allows to predict the hematocrit of a DBS based on its hemoglobin content, measured via noncontact diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The developed method was thoroughly validated. A linear calibration curve was established after log/log transformation. The bias, intraday and interday imprecision of quality controls at three hematocrit levels and at the lower and upper limit of quantitation (0.20 and 0.67, respectively) were less than 11%. In addition, the influence of storage and the volume spotted was evaluated, as well as DBS homogeneity. Application of the method to venous DBSs prepared from whole blood patient samples (n = 233) revealed a good correlation between the actual and the predicted hematocrit. Limits of agreement obtained after Bland and Altman analysis were -0.076 and +0.018. Incurred sample reanalysis demonstrated good method reproducibility. In conclusion, mere scanning of a DBS suffices to derive its approximate hematocrit, one of the most important variables in DBS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Capiau
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Leah S Wilk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maurice C G Aalders
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christophe P Stove
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University , Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Parker SL, Dorofaeff T, Lipman J, Ballot DE, Bandini RM, Wallis SC, Roberts JA. Is there a role for microsampling in antibiotic pharmacokinetic studies? Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016; 12:601-14. [PMID: 27087416 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2016.1178238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clinical pharmacokinetic studies of antibiotics can establish evidence-based dosing regimens that improve the likelihood of eradicating the pathogen at the site of infection, reduce the potential for selection of resistant pathogens, and minimize harm to the patient. Innovations in small volume sampling (< 50 μL) or 'microsampling' may result in less-invasive sample collection, self-sampling and dried storage. Microsampling may open up opportunities in patient groups where sampling is challenging. AREAS COVERED The challenges for implementation of microsampling to assure suitability of the results, include: acceptable study design, regulatory agency acceptance, and meeting bioanalytical validation requirements. This manuscript covers various microsampling methods, including dried blood/plasma spots, volumetric absorptive microsampling, capillary microsampling, plasma preparation technologies and solid-phase microextraction. EXPERT OPINION The available analytical technology is being underutilized due to a lack of bridging studies and validated bioanalytical methods. These deficiencies represent major impediments to the application of microsampling to antibiotic pharmacokinetic studies. A conceptual framework for the assessment of the suitability of microsampling in clinical pharmacokinetic studies of antibiotics is provided. This model establishes a 'contingency approach' with consideration of the antibiotic and the type and location of the patient, as well as the more prescriptive bioanalytical validation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne L Parker
- a Burns, Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Tavey Dorofaeff
- a Burns, Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia.,b Paediatric Intensive Care , Lady Cilento Children's Hospital , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Jeffrey Lipman
- a Burns, Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia.,c Department of Intensive Care Medicine , Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital , Brisbane , Australia.,d Faculty of Health , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Daynia E Ballot
- e Department of Paediatrics and Child Health , University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , South Africa.,f Wits UQ Critical Care Infection Collaboration , Johannesburg , South Africa
| | - Rossella M Bandini
- g School of Physiology , University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg , South Africa
| | - Steven C Wallis
- a Burns, Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Jason A Roberts
- a Burns, Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia.,c Department of Intensive Care Medicine , Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital , Brisbane , Australia.,h Department of Pharmacy , Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital , Brisbane , Australia.,i School of Pharmacy , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia
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