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Patra SK, Sinha N, Molla F, Sengupta A, Chakraborty S, Roy S, Ghosh S. In-vivo protein nitration facilitates Vibrio cholerae cell survival under anaerobic, nutrient deprived conditions. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 728:109358. [PMID: 35872323 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine nitration (PTN), a highly selective post translational modification, occurs in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells under nitrosative stress. However, its physiological function is not yet clear. Like many gut pathogens, Vibrio cholerae also faces nitrosative stress, which makes proteome more vulnerable to PTN. Here, we report for the first time in-vivo PTN in V. cholerae by immunoblotting and LC-ESI-MS/MS proteomic analysis. Our results indicated that in-vivo PTN in V. cholerae was culture media independent. Surprisingly, in-vivo PTN was reduced in V. cholerae proteome under anaerobic or hypoxic condition in a nutrient deprived state. Interestingly, intracellular nitrate content was more than the nitrite content in V. cholerae under anaerobic conditions. Additionally, biochemical measurement of GSH/GSSG ratio, activities of catalase and SOD, ROS and RNS imaging by confocal microscopy confirmed a relative intracellular oxidizing environment in V. cholerae under anaerobic conditions. This altered redox environment favors the oxidation of nitrite which may be generated from protein denitration enriching the intracellular nitrate pool. The cell survival of V. cholerae can finally be facilitated by nitrate reductase (NapA) utilizing that nitrate pool. Our cell viability study using wild type and ΔnapA strain of V. cholerae also supported the role of NapA mediated cell survival under nutrient deprived anaerobic conditions. In spite of having nitrate reductase (NapA), V. cholerae lacks any nitrite reductase (NiR). Hence, in-vivo nitration may provide an avenue for toxic nitrite storage and also may help in nitrosative stress tolerance mechanism preventing further unnecessary protein nitration in V. cholerae proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Kumar Patra
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Nilanjan Sinha
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Firoz Molla
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Ayantika Sengupta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhamoy Chakraborty
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Souvik Roy
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanjay Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
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Mishchenko L, Nazarov T, Dunich A, Mishchenko I, Ryshchakova O, Motsnyi I, Dashchenko A, Bezkrovna L, Fanin Y, Molodchenkova O, Smertenko A. Impact of Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus on Peroxisome Proliferation, Redox Reactions, and Resistance Responses in Wheat. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910218. [PMID: 34638559 PMCID: PMC8508189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although peroxisomes play an essential role in viral pathogenesis, and viruses are known to change peroxisome morphology, the role of genotype in the peroxisomal response to viruses remains poorly understood. Here, we analyzed the impact of wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) on the peroxisome proliferation in the context of pathogen response, redox homeostasis, and yield in two wheat cultivars, Patras and Pamir, in the field trials. We observed greater virus content and yield losses in Pamir than in Patras. Leaf chlorophyll and protein content measured at the beginning of flowering were also more sensitive to WSMV infection in Pamir. Patras responded to the WSMV infection by transcriptional up-regulation of the peroxisome fission genes PEROXIN 11C (PEX11C), DYNAMIN RELATED PROTEIN 5B (DRP5B), and FISSION1A (FIS1A), greater peroxisome abundance, and activation of pathogenesis-related proteins chitinase, and β-1,3-glucanase. Oppositely, in Pamir, WMSV infection suppressed transcription of peroxisome biogenesis genes and activity of chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase, and did not affect peroxisome abundance. Activity of ROS scavenging enzymes was higher in Patras than in Pamir. Thus, the impact of WMSV on peroxisome proliferation is genotype-specific and peroxisome abundance can be used as a proxy for the magnitude of plant immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidiya Mishchenko
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Educational and Scientific Center, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine;
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (O.M.); (A.S.); Tel.: +38-097-917-80-51 (L.M.); +38-067-557-73-20 (O.M.); +1-509-335-5795 (A.S.)
| | - Taras Nazarov
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 991641, USA;
| | - Alina Dunich
- Institute of Biology and Medicine, Educational and Scientific Center, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine;
| | - Ivan Mishchenko
- Faculty of Agricultural Management, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 15 Heroyiv Oborony, 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine; (I.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Olga Ryshchakova
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, National Center of Seed and Cultivar Investigation, Plant Breeding & Genetics Institute, 65036 Odessa, Ukraine; (O.R.); (I.M.); (L.B.); (Y.F.)
| | - Ivan Motsnyi
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, National Center of Seed and Cultivar Investigation, Plant Breeding & Genetics Institute, 65036 Odessa, Ukraine; (O.R.); (I.M.); (L.B.); (Y.F.)
| | - Anna Dashchenko
- Faculty of Agricultural Management, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 15 Heroyiv Oborony, 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine; (I.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Lidiya Bezkrovna
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, National Center of Seed and Cultivar Investigation, Plant Breeding & Genetics Institute, 65036 Odessa, Ukraine; (O.R.); (I.M.); (L.B.); (Y.F.)
| | - Yaroslav Fanin
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, National Center of Seed and Cultivar Investigation, Plant Breeding & Genetics Institute, 65036 Odessa, Ukraine; (O.R.); (I.M.); (L.B.); (Y.F.)
| | - Olga Molodchenkova
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, National Center of Seed and Cultivar Investigation, Plant Breeding & Genetics Institute, 65036 Odessa, Ukraine; (O.R.); (I.M.); (L.B.); (Y.F.)
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (O.M.); (A.S.); Tel.: +38-097-917-80-51 (L.M.); +38-067-557-73-20 (O.M.); +1-509-335-5795 (A.S.)
| | - Andrei Smertenko
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 991641, USA;
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (O.M.); (A.S.); Tel.: +38-097-917-80-51 (L.M.); +38-067-557-73-20 (O.M.); +1-509-335-5795 (A.S.)
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Cao N, Zhan B, Zhou X. Nitric Oxide as a Downstream Signaling Molecule in Brassinosteroid-Mediated Virus Susceptibility to Maize Chlorotic Mottle Virus in Maize. Viruses 2019; 11:v11040368. [PMID: 31013593 PMCID: PMC6521138 DOI: 10.3390/v11040368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) infection causes growth abnormalities in maize. Transcriptome sequencing was conducted to compare the global gene expression of MCMV-inoculated plants with that of mock-inoculated plants. Data analyses showed that brassinosteroid (BR)-associated genes were upregulated after MCMV infection. Exogenous 2,4-epibrassinolide (BL) or brassinazole (BRZ) applications indicated that BR pathway was involved in the susceptibility to MCMV infection. In addition, treatment of BL on maize induced the accumulation of nitric oxide (NO), and the changes of NO content played positive roles in the disease incidence of MCMV. Moreover, MCMV infection was delayed when the BL-treated plants were applied with NO scavenger, which suggested that BR induced the susceptibility of maize to MCMV infection in a NO-dependent manner. Further investigation showed the maize plants with knock-down of DWARF4 (ZmDWF4, a key gene of BR synthesis) and nitrate reductase (ZmNR, a key gene of NO synthesis) by virus-induced gene silencing displayed higher resistance to MCMV than control plants. Taken together, our results suggest that BR pathway promotes the susceptibility of maize to MCMV in a NO-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pest, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Binhui Zhan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pest, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xueping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pest, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Mwaba I, Rey MEC. Nitric oxide associated protein 1 is associated with chloroplast perturbation and disease symptoms in Nicotiana benthamiana infected with South African cassava mosaic virus. Virus Res 2017; 238:75-83. [PMID: 28577889 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide associated 1 (NOA1) in plants is a cyclic GTPase involved in protein translation in the chloroplast and has been indirectly linked to nitric oxide (NO) accumulation and response to biotic stress. The association between NOA1 and NO accumulation in Arabidopsis noa1 mutants has been linked to the inability of noa1 mutants to accumulate carbon reserves such as fumarate, leading to chloroplast dysfunction and a pale green leaf phenotype. To understand the role played by NOA1 in response to South African cassava mosaic virus infection in Nicotiana benthamiana, the expression of NbNOA1 and the accumulation of NO in leaf samples was compared between south african cassava mosaic (SACMV)-infected and mock-infected plants at 14 and 28 dpi. Real-time qPCR was used to measure SACMV viral load which increased significantly by 20% from 14 to 28 dpi as chlorosis and symptom severity progressed. At 14 and 28 dpi, NbNOA1 expression was significantly lower than mock inoculated plants (2-fold lower at 14 dpi, p-value=0.01 and 5-fold lower at 28, p-value=0.00). At 14 dpi, NO accumulation remained unchanged in infected leaf tissue compared to mock inoculated, while at 28 dpi, NO accumulation was 40% lower (p-value=0.01). At 28 dpi, the decrease in NbNOA1 expression and NO accumulation was accompanied by chloroplast dysfunction, evident from the significant reduction in chlorophylls a and b and carotenoids in SACMV-infected leaves. Furthermore, the expression of chloroplast translation factors (chloroplast RNA binding, chloroplast elongation factor G, translation elongation factor Tu, translation initiation factor 3-2, plastid-specific ribosomal protein 6 and plastid ribosome recycling factor) were found to be repressed in infected N. benthamiana. GC-MS analysis showed a decrease in fumarate and an increase in glucose in SACMV-infected N. benthamiana in comparison to mock samples suggesting a decrease in carbon stores. Collectively, these results provide evidence that in response to SACMV infection, a decrease in photopigments and carbon stores, accompanied by an increase in glucose and decrease in fumarate, leads to a decline in NbNOA1expression and NO levels. This is manifested by suppressed translation factors and disruption of chloroplast function, thereby contributing to chlorotic disease symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imanu Mwaba
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, 1, Jan Smuts Avenue, Braamfontein, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa
| | - Marie Emma Christine Rey
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, 1, Jan Smuts Avenue, Braamfontein, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa.
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Morkunas I, Formela M, Floryszak-Wieczorek J, Marczak Ł, Narożna D, Nowak W, Bednarski W. Cross-talk interactions of exogenous nitric oxide and sucrose modulates phenylpropanoid metabolism in yellow lupine embryo axes infected with Fusarium oxysporum. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 211:102-121. [PMID: 23987816 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine cross-talk of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) and sucrose in the mechanisms of synthesis and accumulation of isoflavonoids in embryo axes of Lupinus luteus L. cv. Juno. It was verified whether the interaction of these molecules can modulate the defense response of axes to infection and development of the pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lupini. Sucrose alone strongly stimulated a high level of genistein glucoside in axes pretreated with exogenous nitric oxide (SNP or GSNO) and non-pretreated axes. As a result of amplification of the signal coming from sucrose and GSNO, high isoflavonoids accumulation was observed (+Sn+GSNO). It needs to be stressed that infection in tissues pretreated with SNP/GSNO and cultured on the medium with sucrose (+Si+SNP/+Si+GSNO) very strongly enhances the accumulation of free isoflavone aglycones. In +Si+SNP axes phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity was high up to 72h. As early as at 12h in +Si+SNP axes an increase was recorded in gene expression level of the specific isoflavonoid synthesis pathway. At 24h in +Si+SNP axes a very high total antioxidant capacity dependent on the pool of fast antioxidants was noted. Post-infection generation of semiquinone radicals was lower in axes with a high level of sucrose than with a deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Morkunas
- Department of Plant Physiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, Poznań, Poland.
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Sarkar TS, Bhattacharjee A, Majumdar U, Roy A, Maiti D, Goswamy AM, Ghosh SK, Ghosh S. Biochemical characterization of compatible plant-viral interaction: a case study with a begomovirus-kenaf host-pathosystem. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2011; 6:501-509. [PMID: 21412047 PMCID: PMC3142377 DOI: 10.4161/psb.6.4.13912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Revised: 09/09/2010] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Yellow vein mosaic disease of mesta, a compatible plant virus interaction poses a serious threat to mesta cultivation in India. Plants respond to invasion by pathogens with multi component defense responses particularly in incompatible interaction. With the aim of understanding, a biochemical approach was attempted to study the cellular redox status in early stages of yellow vein mosaic virus infection associated with different age's plant of Hibiscus cannabinus. Comparative analysis of GSH and GSSG content in infected and control plant of different ages indicated that infected plants are under oxidative or nitrosative stress condition. A significant change was observed in Glutathione Reductase, Catalase and Ascorbate Peroxidase level in early stage of infection. We also showed microscopic evidence of nitrosylated thiols in infected leaves, stems and roots of H. cannabinus. Furthermore, we identified few defense related proteins in infected plant using MALDI TOF mass spectrometric analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Subhra Sarkar
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Calcutta; Kolkata, West Bengal India
| | | | - Uddalak Majumdar
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Calcutta; Kolkata, West Bengal India
| | - Anirban Roy
- Division of Crop Protection; Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres (CRIJAF); Kolkata, West Bengal India
| | - Debasis Maiti
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Calcutta; Kolkata, West Bengal India
| | | | - Subrata Kumar Ghosh
- Division of Crop Protection; Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres (CRIJAF); Kolkata, West Bengal India
| | - Sanjay Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Calcutta; Kolkata, West Bengal India
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