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Benson VS, Hartl S, Barnes N, Galwey N, Van Dyke MK, Kwon N. Blood eosinophil counts in the general population and airways disease: a comprehensive review and meta-analysis. Eur Respir J 2022; 59:2004590. [PMID: 34172466 PMCID: PMC8756293 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.04590-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical context for using blood eosinophil (EOS) counts as treatment-response biomarkers in asthma and COPD requires better understanding of EOS distributions and ranges. We describe EOS distributions and ranges published in asthma, COPD, control (non-asthma/COPD) and general populations. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive literature review and meta-analysis of observational studies (January 2008 to November 2018) that included EOS counts in asthma, severe asthma, COPD, control and general populations. Excluded studies had total sample sizes <200, EOS as inclusion criterion, hospitalised population only and exclusively paediatric participants. RESULTS Overall, 91 eligible studies were identified, most had total-population-level data available: asthma (39 studies), severe asthma (12 studies), COPD (23 studies), control (seven studies) and general populations (14 studies); some articles reported data for multiple populations. Reported EOS distributions were right-skewed (seven studies). Reported median EOS counts ranged from 157-280 cells·µL-1 (asthma, 22 studies); 200-400 cells·µL-1 (severe asthma, eight studies); 150-183 cells·µL-1 (COPD, six studies); and 100-160 cells·µL-1 (controls, three studies); and 100-200 cells·µL-1 (general populations, six studies). The meta-analysis showed that observed variability was mostly between studies rather than within studies. Factors reportedly associated with higher blood EOS counts included current smoking, positive skin-prick test, elevated total IgE, comorbid allergic rhinitis, age ≤18 years, male sex, spirometric asthma/COPD diagnosis, metabolic syndrome and adiposity. CONCLUSION EOS distribution and range varied by study population, and were affected by clinical factors including age, smoking history and comorbidities, which, regardless of severity, should be considered during treatment decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria S Benson
- Epidemiology, Value Evidence and Outcomes (VEO), Global Medical R&D, GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, UK
| | - Sylvia Hartl
- Dept of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Health, Clinic Penzing, WiGev and Sigmund Freud University, Medical School, Vienna, Austria
| | - Neil Barnes
- Respiratory Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, UK
- William Harvey Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | | | - Melissa K Van Dyke
- Epidemiology, Value Evidence and Outcomes (VEO), Global Medical R&D, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, PA, USA
| | - Namhee Kwon
- Respiratory Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, UK
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Płóciennik ŁA, Zaucha J, Zaucha JM, Łukaszuk K, Jóźwicki M, Płóciennik M, Cięszczyk P. Detection of epistasis between ACTN3 and SNAP-25 with an insight towards gymnastic aptitude identification. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237808. [PMID: 32866209 PMCID: PMC7458280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we performed an analysis of the impact of performance enhancing polymorphisms (PEPs) on gymnastic aptitude while considering epistatic effects. Seven PEPs (rs1815739, rs8192678, rs4253778, rs6265, rs5443, rs1076560, rs362584) were considered in a case (gymnasts)-control (sedentary individuals) setting. The study sample comprised of two athletes' sets: 27 elite (aged 24.8 ± 2.1 years) and 46 sub-elite (aged 19.7 ± 2.4 years) sportsmen as well as a control group of 245 sedentary individuals (aged 22.5 ± 2.1 years). The DNA was derived from saliva and PEP alleles were determined by PCR, RT-PCR. Following Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction, logistic regression models were built. The synergistic effect for rs1815739 x rs362584 reached 5.43%. The rs1815739 x rs362584 epistatic regression model exhibited a good fit to the data (Chi-squared = 33.758, p ≈ 0) achieving a significant improvement in sportsmen identification over naïve guessing. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.715 (Z-score = 38.917, p ≈ 0). In contrast, the additive ACTN3 -SNAP-25 logistic regression model has been verified as non-significant. We demonstrate that a gene involved in the differentiation of muscle architecture-ACTN3 and a gene, which plays an important role in the nervous system-SNAP-25 interact. From the perspective originally established by the Berlin Academy of Science in 1751, the matter of communication between the brain and muscles via nerves adopts molecular manifestations. Further in-vitro investigations are required to explain the molecular details of the rs1815739 -rs362584 interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Andrzej Płóciennik
- Department of Physical Education, Academy of Physical Education and Sport in Gdansk, Gdansk, Pomorskie Voivodeship, Poland
- FitnessFitback, Pomorskie Voivodeship, Poland
| | - Jan Zaucha
- Department of Bioinformatics, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany
| | - Jan Maciej Zaucha
- Department of Haematology and Transplantation, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Pomorskie Voivodeship, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Łukaszuk
- Faculty of Health Sciences with Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Pomorskie Voivodeship, Poland
| | - Marek Jóźwicki
- Department of Architecture and Design, Academy of Fine Arts, Gdansk, Pomorskie Voivodeship, Poland
| | | | - Paweł Cięszczyk
- Department of Physical Education, Academy of Physical Education and Sport in Gdansk, Gdansk, Pomorskie Voivodeship, Poland
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Li X, Wang B, Huang M, Wang X. miR-30a-3p participates in the development of asthma by targeting CCR3. Open Med (Wars) 2020; 15:483-491. [PMID: 33313407 PMCID: PMC7706126 DOI: 10.1515/med-2020-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the role and relevant mechanism of miR-30a-3p action in asthma. The results of this study revealed that the expression levels of miR-30a-3p were significantly decreased in the peripheral blood of asthmatic patients. In addition, we found that the CC chemokine receptor (CCR3) was a target of miR-30a-3p. Subsequently, an asthma mouse model was established using ovalbumin (OVA). The results showed that the expression of miR-30a-3p and CCR3 was downregulated and upregulated, respectively, in the peripheral blood of asthmatic mice. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in asthmatic mouse serum demonstrated that miR-30a-3p mimic treatment significantly decreased the secretion of OVA-specific IgE, eotaxin-1, interleukin (IL)-5, and IL-4. These results suggested that miR-30a-3p inhibited CCR3 signaling pathway and relieved the inflammatory response against asthma in vivo. Eosinophils have also been implicated in the asthmatic inflammatory response. Therefore, the in vitro effects of miR-30a-3p on eosinophil activity were determined. Findings suggested that miR-30a-3p mimic significantly reduced eosinophil viability and migration and induced apoptosis. In addition, CCR3 and eotaxin-1 downregulation were observed. The aforementioned results were significantly reversed following CCR3 overexpression. This study suggested that miR-30a-3p was involved in asthma by regulating eosinophil activity and targeting CCR3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou 318020, P. R. China
| | - Binliang Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou 318020, P. R. China
| | - Mao Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou 318020, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou 318020, P. R. China
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Gil H, Bouldoires B, Bailly B, Meaux Ruault N, Humbert S, Magy-Bertrand N. [Eosinopenia in 2018]. Rev Med Interne 2018; 40:173-177. [PMID: 30501929 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Since 1893, eosinopenia is a biological test to help a diagnosis of bacterial infection. Several publications have confirmed this hypothesis, particularly in the intensive care, pneumology and pediatric units. The value of this marker has been identified in vascular cerebral diseases and coronary bypass. Its contribution seems as relevant as procalcitonin, without extra cost. The diagnostic performance of this test was reinforced by a composite score (CIBLE score) that may improve its value in daily routine. Finally, monitoring eosinopenia appears to be a reliable mortality marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Gil
- Service de médecine interne, CHU Jean-Minjoz, 25000 Besançon, France.
| | - B Bouldoires
- Service de médecine interne, CHU Jean-Minjoz, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - B Bailly
- Service de médecine interne, CHU Jean-Minjoz, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - N Meaux Ruault
- Service de médecine interne, CHU Jean-Minjoz, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - S Humbert
- Service de médecine interne, CHU Jean-Minjoz, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - N Magy-Bertrand
- Service de médecine interne, CHU Jean-Minjoz, 25000 Besançon, France
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Illicium verum Extract and Trans-Anethole Attenuate Ovalbumin-Induced Airway Inflammation via Enhancement of Foxp3 + Regulatory T Cells and Inhibition of Th2 Cytokines in Mice. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:7506808. [PMID: 29062168 PMCID: PMC5618762 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7506808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Illicium verum is used in traditional medicine to treat inflammation. The study investigates the effects of IVE and its component, trans-anethole (AET), on airway inflammation in ovalbumin- (OVA-) induced asthmatic mice. Asthma was induced in BALB/c mice by systemic sensitization to OVA, followed by intratracheal, intraperitoneal, and aerosol allergen challenges. IVE and AET were orally administered for four weeks. We investigated the effects of treatment on airway hyperresponsiveness, IgE production, pulmonary eosinophilic infiltration, immune cell phenotypes, Th2 cytokine production in bronchoalveolar lavage, Th1/Th2 cytokine production in splenocytes, forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3) expression, and lung histology. IVE and AET ameliorated OVA-driven airway hyperresponsiveness (p < 0.01), pulmonary eosinophilic infiltration (p < 0.05), mucus hypersecretion (p < 0.01), and IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and CCR3 production (p < 0.05), as well as IgE levels (p < 0.01). IVE and AET increased Foxp3 expression in lungs (p < 0.05). IVE and AET reduced IL-4 and increased IFN-γ production in the supernatant of splenocyte cultures (p < 0.05). Histological studies showed that IVE and AET inhibited eosinophilia and lymphocyte infiltration in lungs (p < 0.01). These results indicate that IVE and AET exert antiasthmatic effects through upregulation of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells and inhibition of Th2 cytokines, suggesting that IVE may be a potential therapeutic agent for allergic lung inflammation.
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Liu Y, Zhu X, Zhang H. Effects of chemokine receptor 3 gene silencing by RNA interference on eosinophils. Exp Ther Med 2016; 13:215-221. [PMID: 28123492 PMCID: PMC5245065 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to use RNA interference (RNAi) to silence chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3) and observe the effects on eosinophils (EOS) in mice with allergic rhinitis (AR). CCR3 small interfering RNA (siRNA) lentiviral vectors were transduced into purified EOS cells cultured in vitro. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot analyses were also used to detect the efficiency of silencing, and flow cytometry was used to detect the EOS apoptosis rates. Experimental mice were grouped for nasal administration, and the lentivirus was then dispensed to AR mice. RT-PCR and western blots were performed to detect the expression levels of CCR3 mRNA and protein in EOS extracted from bone marrow, peripheral blood and nasal mucosa. Furthermore, flow cytometry was performed to detect changes to CD34-positive (CD34+) cells in each group. The CCR3 siRNA lentiviral vector exhibited high efficiency in silencing CCR3 mRNA and protein expression, inhibited growth and promoted apoptosis of EOS. In addition, the expression of CCR3 mRNA and protein in the bone marrow, peripheral blood and nasal mucosa of mice in the CCR3 siRNA treatment group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), whereas the number of CD34+ cells in the CCR3 siRNA treatment group was not significantly different compared with that in the control group (P>0.05). CCR3 RNAi could effectively silence the expression of CCR3 mRNA and protein both in vitro and in vivo, thus promoting apoptosis of EOS and inhibiting its growth, migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehui Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Lee JH, Park CS. Gene - Gene Interactions Among MCP Genes Polymorphisms in Asthma. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2014; 6:333-40. [PMID: 24991457 PMCID: PMC4077960 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2014.6.4.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Monocyte chemoattractant proteins (MCPs) are important cytokines that involved in cellular activation and releasing of inflammatoy mediators by basophils and eosinophils in allergic disease. Some MCP gene variants implicate in asthma and monoclonal antibody for MCP-3 blocks allergic inflammations in the patients with asthma. Detection of interactions between gene and environment or between genes for complex disease such as asthma is important. We searched for an evidence of genetic effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MCP genes as well as gene - gene interactions involved in asthma. Methods Four hundreds asthmatics and four hundreds normal controls were enrolled. Asthma was defined as a positive bronchodilator response or positive methacholine provocation test with compatible clinical symptoms. Seven MCP gene SNPs (2 SNPs in MCP-1, 1 in MCP-2, and 4 in MCP-3) were included. Association analyses between SNP and asthma, and the tests for gene - gene interaction were performed. Results Strong linkage disequilibria were found among 7 MCP gene polymorphisms. There was no SNP that showed a significant association with asthma among 7 SNPs of 3 MCP genes. No haplotype was associated with asthma, either. The combination of MCP1-2518G>A, MCP2+46A>C, and MCP3+563C>T was the best predictive model for asthma as compared to the control in tests for gene - gene interaction. The MCP1-2518G>A and MCP2+46A>C was the second best predictive combination and this had the highest synergistic interaction effect on the subject's status than any other combination of polymorphisms. Complete linkages were not associated with the gene - gene interactions models. Conclusions MCP gene polymorphisms probably interact with each other; thus, these findings may help in developing a possible genetic marker to predict asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- June-Hyuk Lee
- Respiratory and Allergy Medicine, Interanl Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Choon-Sik Park
- Respiratory and Allergy Medicine, Interanl Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
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