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Abdel Ghani SA, Shobier AH, El-Sayed AAM, Shreadah MA, Shabaka S. Quantifying microplastics pollution in the Red Sea and Gulfs of Suez and Aqaba: Insights from chemical analysis and pollution load assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:166031. [PMID: 37541508 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) constitute the majority of marine plastic litter. The pollution caused by MPs has been categorized as a gradual and persistent crisis, but little is known about its extent along the shores of the Red Sea, particularly on the Egyptian side. The Red Sea is a rapidly developing region and home to critical ecosystems with high levels of endemism. This study represents the first comprehensive survey investigating the extent of MP pollution along the Egyptian shores of the Red Sea, including the Gulf of Suez and Aqaba. Mean concentrations ranged from 23.3 ± 15.28 to 930.0 ± 181.9 MPs/kg DW. Out of 17 beaches surveyed, 12 had mean concentrations of <200 items/kg, indicating a low occurrence of MPs compared to the shores of the Mediterranean Coast of Egypt. The pollution load index varied from low to medium levels in most locations. Ras Mohamed, a marine protected area, showed high vulnerability to MP pollution. All the investigated particles were fragments of secondary MPs. The sources of pollution mainly come from maritime activities, including cargo shipping and intense recreational activities. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy identified four plastic polymers, with polyethylene and polypropylene being the most common. The surface morphology of plastic particles was examined using scanning electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. All the particles exhibited signs of degradation, which could generate countless plastic pieces with possible deleterious impacts. This work has highlighted the importance of conducting region-specific assessments of mismanaged plastic waste, focusing on the role of tourism and recreational navigation as contributors to plastic litter, to estimate plastic waste inputs into the waters of the Red Sea Coast of Egypt. Efforts are needed to develop strategic plans to reduce the disposal of plastic waste in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aida H Shobier
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Niof, Egypt
| | | | - M A Shreadah
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Niof, Egypt
| | - Soha Shabaka
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Niof, Egypt.
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Eissa AH, Abdel-Tawab AM, Hamed ESAE, El-Ablack FZ, Ayyad SEN. New Cytotoxic Monoalkyl Glycerol Ether from the Red Sea Soft Coral Nephthea mollis. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301208. [PMID: 37775474 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
A new monoalkyl glycerol ether, 3-(n-henicosyloxy)propane-1,2-diol (1), was isolated from the CH2 Cl2 /MeOH crude extract of the Red Sea soft coral Nephthea mollis. Additionally, three known related analogs were identified: chimyl alcohol (2), batyl alcohol (3), and 3-(icosyloxy)propane-1,2-diol (4). The chemical structure of 3-(n-henicosyloxy)propane-1,2-diol was determined using advanced spectroscopic analyses, including 1D, 2D Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Electron Ionization mass spectra (EI-MS), and High-Resolution Electron Spray Ionization mass spectra (HR-ESI-MS) analyses. Furthermore, the identification of chimyl alcohol, batyl alcohol and 3-(icosyloxy)propane-1,2-diol was achieved by studying their EI mass fragmentation analyses and comparing their mass data with those previously reported in the literature. The cytotoxic activity of the Nephthea mollis crude extract and 3-(n-henicosyloxy)propane-1,2-diol was evaluated against five human cancer cell lines: HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma), MCF-7 (breast carcinoma), NCI-1299 (lung carcinoma), HeLa (cervical cancer cell), and HT-29 (colon adenocarcinoma). Moreover, 3-(n-henicosyloxy)propane-1,2-diol revealed moderate cytotoxicity against the HeLa cell lines with an IC50 value of 24.1 μM, while showing inactivity against the remaining cell lines (IC50 >100 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H Eissa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta, 34517, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M Abdel-Tawab
- Marine Biotechnology and Natural Products Laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, 11516, Egypt
| | - El Sayed A E Hamed
- Invertebrate Aquaculture laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, 11516, Egypt
| | - Fawzia Z El-Ablack
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta, 34517, Egypt
| | - Seif-Eldin N Ayyad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta, 34517, Egypt
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Georges O, Fernández S, Martinez JL, Garcia-Vazquez E. DNA metabarcoding illustrates biological pollution threats of Red Sea - Dead Sea water conveyance to Dead Sea biodiversity. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 168:112451. [PMID: 33971452 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Dead Sea has a hypersaline environment where only extremophile species like Archaea, Bacteria, and fungi can survive. The Red Sea-Dead Sea Water Conveyance (RDSC) is constructing a pipeline of 180 km to import water from the Red Sea in the shrinking Dead Sea. Both seas exhibit highly different hydrographic features that determine their biodiversity. Using environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding and amplifying a fragment of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (COI) from water samples, we compared the communities of the Red Sea and the Dead Sea to understand the potential impact of the water conveyance project on biodiversity, following by an identification of potential biopollutants able to enter the Dead Sea for their small size. The results suggest a high likelihood of acquiring harmful algae into the Dead Sea. This study alerts about the real risk of losing the unique Dead Sea biota when the conveyance is actually undertaken.
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Red algae natural products for prevention of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced liver and kidney inflammation and injuries. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:227061. [PMID: 33245092 PMCID: PMC7812061 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20202022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The liver and kidney inflammation due to bacterial infection is one of the most common pathological problems leading to tissue damage or disease. In many liver and kidney disorders, which represent serious global health burden with a high economic cost, oxidative stress-related inflammation and apoptosis are important pathogenic components, finally resulting in acute liver and/or kidney failure. Erythropoietin and its analogues are well known to influence the interaction between apoptosis and inflammation in liver and kidney. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study is to investigate and clarify the effect of Gromphadorhina oblongata red algae on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced acute liver and kidney injury of mice with endotoxemia and associated molecular mechanism from inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress levels. RESULTS The current study cleared out that treatment of rats with the G. oblongata extract prior to LPS injection significantly lowered serum cytokines, including NF-κB, MPO and LPO, and improved liver apoptosis through suppressing protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway, and that may be due to antibacterial activity as well antioxidant capacity of G. oblongata extract. CONCLUSION The present study was cleared out the possibility of administration of G.oblongata red algae as a multi products source for biotechnological, medical, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications due to highly antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities even although more investigations are required for separating, purifying and characterizing these bioactive compounds.
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Nabil-Adam A, Shreadah MA. Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Lung and Liver Protective Activity of Galaxaura oblongata as Antagonistic Efficacy against LPS using Hematological Parameters and Immunohistochemistry as Biomarkers. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:148-165. [PMID: 33438570 DOI: 10.2174/1871525719666210112154800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the potential bioactivity and the ameliorative role of Galaxaura oblongata (G. oblongata) against LPS-induced toxicity by using hematological parameters. OBJECTIVE It is aimed also to examine its protective effect using the immunohistochemistry of liver and lungs as biomarkers in male BALB/C albino mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS The current study carried out using different in-vitro and in-vivo assays such as phytochemical, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory for in-vitro where the hematological and immunohistochemistry for lung and liver were investigated in vivo. RESULTS There are no previous studies were performed to investigate the in vivo and in vitro effects of the G. oblongata extracts as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory due to their rareness compared to other red algae. LPS treated mice revealed a significant decrease in total number of WBCs, RBCs, platelets, and HGB%, MPV, MCV and MCHC compared to the control group. On contrast, the HCT and MCHC were increased in the induction group which was treated with LPS compared to the control group. Furthermore, the immunohistochemistry results of the present study revealed the protective effect of G. oblongata compared to the induction group. G. oblongata can be used as protective marine natural products against the toxicity induced by LPS. CONCLUSION It exhibited a significant ameliorative role against the alterations in the hematological parameters and immunohistochemistry of liver and lungs, and helps to reduce as well as coordinate the acute inflammations caused by TNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Nabil-Adam
- Marine Biotechnology and Natural Products Lab (MBNP), National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria. Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Shreadah
- Marine Biotechnology and Natural Products Lab (MBNP), National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria. Egypt
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Shreadah MA, El Moneam NM, El-Assar SA, Nabil-Adam A. Metabolomics and Pharmacological Screening of Aspergillus versicolor Isolated from Hyrtios erectus Red Sea Sponge; Egypt. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573407215666191111122711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Aspergillus Versicolor is a marine-derived fungus isolated from Hyrtios Erectus
Red Sea sponge.
Methods:
The aim of this study was to carry out a pharmacological screening and investigation for the
in vitro biological activity (antioxidant, cholinergic, antidiabetic and anticancer) of Aspergillus Versicolor
crude extract’s active compounds by using different qualitative and quantitative methods.
Results:
The present study results showed that Aspergillus Versicolor crude extracts contain 0.6 mg
total phenolic/mg crude extract. Aspergillus Versicolor also showed a potent antioxidative capacity by
decreasing the oxidation of ABTS. The anticancer and inhibitory effects of Aspergillus Versicolor crude
extracts on PTK and SHKI were found to be 75.29 % and 80.76%; respectively. The AChE inhibitory
assay revealed that Aspergillus Versicolor extracts had an inhibitory percentage of 86.67%. Furthermore,
the anti-inflammatory activity using COX1, COX2, TNF, and IL6 was 77.32, 85.21 %, 59.83%,
and 56.15%; respectively. Additionally, the anti-viral effect using reverse transcriptase enzyme showed
high antiviral activity with 92.10 %.
Conclusion:
The current study confirmed that the Aspergillus versicolor crude extract and its active
constituents showed strong effects on diminishing the oxidative stress, neurodegenerative damage, antiinflammatory,
anti-cancer and anti-viral, suggesting their beneficial role as a promising fermented product
in the treatment of cancer, oxidative stress, Alzheimer's, anti-inflammatory and anti-viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Shreadah
- Marine Biotechnology and Natural products Lab (MBNP), National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nehad M.A. El Moneam
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samy A. El-Assar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Nabil-Adam
- Marine Biotechnology and Natural products Lab (MBNP), National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria, Egypt
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Nabil-Adam A, Shreadah MA, Abd El Moneam NM, El-Assar SA. Pesudomance sp. Bacteria Associated with Marine Sponge as a Promising and Sustainable Source of Bioactive Molecules. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2019; 20:964-984. [PMID: 31258072 DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190619092502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study was conducted to identify the bacterial strain associated with marine sponge Hyrtiosaff. erectus collected from the Red Sea coastal water and to assess the utilization of their secondary metabolites for human benefit as antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer, anti-viral, anticancer and anti-inflammatory agent. METHODS After biochemical identification of Pesudomance sp. bacterial strain, the total polyphenol contents, cytotoxic, antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer, anti-viral, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activity of the Pesudomance sp. ethyl acetate extract were investigated by applying different biochemical assays. Polyphenol contents were investigated using spectrophotometric techniques. Antioxidant activity was determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), and 2,2/-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) ABTS radical scavenging activity assays. The cytotoxic effects were investigated by using the human cancerous cell lines. RESULTS The anti-Alzheimer, anti-viral, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities were determined using ELISA. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of the Pesudomance sp. extract demonstrated the presence of a large and diverse group of substances such as alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, saponins, and tannins. The strong antioxidant activity of the Pesudomance sp. extract was mainly attributed to the protective role of polyphenols against reactive oxygen. It was also observed that Pesudomance sp. extract possessed significant anti-Alzheimer activity with 94% at 1 mg. The extract showed also high antiviral activity (90%) using reverse transcriptase enzymes inhibition assay. The examination of the anticancer activity by applying two experimental models, i.e., PTK and SHKI cleared out high significant percentages of 76.19 and 83.09 %; respectively. CONCLUSION The anti-inflammatory profiling using TNF, COX1, COX2, IL6 also revealed high antiinflammatory activity with different metabolic pathway of 62.70, 75.444, 79.27 and 54.15 %; respectively. The present study concluded that ethyl acetate extract of Pesudomance sp. possessed strong antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer, and anti-viral, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Further studies are required to purify the bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Nabil-Adam
- Marine Biotechnology and Natural products Lab (MBNP), National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Shreadah
- Marine Biotechnology and Natural products Lab (MBNP), National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nehad M Abd El Moneam
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samy A El-Assar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Abd El Moneam NM, Shreadah MA, El-Assar SA, De Voogd NJ, Nabil-Adam A. Hepatoprotective effect of Red Sea sponge extract against the toxicity of a real-life mixture of persistent organic pollutants. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2018.1441747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed A. Shreadah
- Marine Biotechnology and Natural products Lab (MBNP), National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samy A. El-Assar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nicole J. De Voogd
- Marine zoology Department, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Asmaa Nabil-Adam
- Marine Biotechnology and Natural products Lab (MBNP), National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries (NIOF), Alexandria, Egypt
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Isolation, Identification And Molecular Screening of Pseudomonas sp. Metabolic Pathways NRPs and PKS associated with the Red sea Sponge, Hyrtios aff. Erectus, Egypt. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.11.3.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Fahmy MA, Fattah LMA, Abdel-Halim AM, Aly-Eldeen MA, Abo-El-Khair EM, Ahdy HH, Ahdy HH, Hemeilly A, El-Soud AA, Shreadah MA. Evaluation of the Quality for the Egyptian Red Sea Coastal Waters during 2011-2013. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/jep.2016.712145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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