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Qian ZM, Li W, Guo Q. Lactoferrin/lactoferrin receptor: Neurodegenerative or neuroprotective in Parkinson's disease? Ageing Res Rev 2024; 101:102474. [PMID: 39197711 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf) is a multifunctional protein in the transferrin family. It is involved in many physiological functions, including the regulation of iron absorption and immune response. It also has antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antioxidant capabilities under pathophysiological conditions. The mammalian lactoferrin receptor (LfR) plays a key role in mediating multiple functions of Lf. Studies have shown that Lf/LfR is abnormally expressed in the brain of Parkinson's disease, and the excessive accumulation of iron in the brain caused by the overexpression of Lf and LfR is considered to be one of the initial causes of the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease. On the other hand, a number of recent studies have reported that Lf/LfR has a significant neuroprotective effect on Parkinson's disease. In other words, it seems paradoxical that Lf/LfR has both neurodegenerative and neuroprotective effects in Parkinson's disease. This article focuses on recent advances in the possible mechanisms of the neurodegenerative and neuroprotective effects of Lf/LfR in Parkinson's disease and discusses why Lf/LfR has a seemingly contradictory role in the development of Parkinson's disease. Based on the evidence obtained so far, we believed that Lf/LfR has a neuroprotective effect on Parkinson's disease, while as to whether the overexpressed Lf/LfR is the cause of the development of Parkinson's disease, the current evidence is insufficient and further investigation needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Ming Qian
- Shanghai 411 Hospital, China RongTong Medical Healthcare Group Co.Ltd. / 411 Hospital, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Translational and Precision Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qi Xiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Translational and Precision Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qi Xiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qian Guo
- Shanghai 411 Hospital, China RongTong Medical Healthcare Group Co.Ltd. / 411 Hospital, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Drug Delivery, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
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Xie JQ, Zhou X, Jia ZC, Su CF, Zhang Y, Fernie AR, Zhang J, Du ZY, Chen MX. Alternative Splicing, An Overlooked Defense Frontier of Plants with Respect to Bacterial Infection. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37916838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Disease represents a major problem in sustainable agricultural development. Plants interact closely with various microorganisms during their development and in response to the prevailing environment. In particular, pathogenic microorganisms can cause plant diseases, affecting the fertility, yield, and longevity of plants. During the long coevolution of plants and their pathogens, plants have evolved both molecular pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) signaling networks in order to regulate host cells in response to pathogen infestation. Additionally, in the postgenomic era, alternative splicing (AS) has become uncovered as one of the major drivers of proteome diversity, and abnormal RNA splicing is closely associated with bacterial infections. Currently, the complexity of host-bacteria interactions is a much studied area of research that has shown steady progress over the past decade. Although the development of high-throughput sequencing technologies and their application in transcriptomes have revolutionized our understanding of AS, many mechanisms related to host-bacteria interactions remain still unclear. To this end, this review summarizes the changes observed in AS during host-bacteria interactions and outlines potential therapeutics for bacterial diseases based on existing studies. In doing so, we hope to provide guidelines for plant disease management in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Qin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zi-Chang Jia
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chang-Feng Su
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Golm, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Golm, Germany
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Zhi-Yan Du
- Department of Molecular Biosciences & Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Mo-Xian Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Brajnik Z, Ogorevc J. Candidate genes for mastitis resistance in dairy cattle: a data integration approach. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:10. [PMID: 36759924 PMCID: PMC9912691 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00821-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation of the mammary tissue (mastitis) is one of the most detrimental health conditions in dairy ruminants and is considered the most economically important infectious disease of the dairy sector. Improving mastitis resistance is becoming an important goal in dairy ruminant breeding programmes. However, mastitis resistance is a complex trait and identification of mastitis-associated alleles in livestock is difficult. Currently, the only applicable approach to identify candidate loci for complex traits in large farm animals is to combine different information that supports the functionality of the identified genomic regions with respect to a complex trait. METHODS To identify the most promising candidate loci for mastitis resistance we integrated heterogeneous data from multiple sources and compiled the information into a comprehensive database of mastitis-associated candidate loci. Mastitis-associated candidate genes reported in association, expression, and mouse model studies were collected by searching the relevant literature and databases. The collected data were integrated into a single database, screened for overlaps, and used for gene set enrichment analysis. RESULTS The database contains candidate genes from association and expression studies and relevant transgenic mouse models. The 2448 collected candidate loci are evenly distributed across bovine chromosomes. Data integration and analysis revealed overlaps between different studies and/or with mastitis-associated QTL, revealing promising candidate genes for mastitis resistance. CONCLUSION Mastitis resistance is a complex trait influenced by numerous alleles. Based on the number of independent studies, we were able to prioritise candidate genes and propose a list of the 22 most promising. To our knowledge this is the most comprehensive database of mastitis associated candidate genes and could be helpful in selecting genes for functional validation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zala Brajnik
- grid.8954.00000 0001 0721 6013Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Groblje 3, Domzale, SI-1230 Slovenia
| | - Jernej Ogorevc
- Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Groblje 3, Domzale, SI-1230, Slovenia.
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Pham LD, Ba NV, Nam LQ, Tuan PV, Do DN. Association of Lactoferrin and Toll-like Receptor 2 Genotypes with Mastitis and Milk Components in Vietnamese Holstein Cattle. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9080379. [PMID: 35893772 PMCID: PMC9330855 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9080379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is one of the most widespread diseases in dairy cows and causes huge losses for the dairy industry. Molecular markers can be used for the quick diagnosis of mastitis infection, consequently reducing the loss caused by this disease. Lactoferrin (LTF) and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) have been suggested as candidate genes for mastitis; however, their associations with the mastitis incidence and milk components have not been reported in Vietnamese Holstein cows. This study examined the association of TLR2 and LTF polymorphisms with subclinical mastitis and milk components in the Holstein breed raised in Vietnam. Among 192 samples, we identified 44 mastitis-positive samples (22.92%). The mastitis significantly reduced the fat and lactose components in milk (p < 0.001) but increased the protein concentration in milk. A total of 94 (49%) and 98 (51%) cows had AA and AB genotypes for the LTF gene, respectively. No significant association was found between the LTF genotypes and the milk component traits or mastitis incidence (p > 0.05). The interaction between LTF and mastitis incidence was significantly associated with the protein percentage (p = 0.01). A total of 78, 76, and 38 cows had genotypes GG, GT, and TT for the TLR2 gene, respectively. TLR2 genotypes were not significantly associated with mastitis incidence (p > 0.05) but were significantly associated with pH value (p = 0.03). The interaction between TLR2 and mastitis incidence was significantly associated with the fat (p = 0.02) and protein percentage (p = 0.04). Further studies are required to confirm the roles of LTF and TFL2 in mastitis in the Holstein breed in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Doan Pham
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cell Technology, National Institute of Animal Sciences, Thuyphuong, Tuliem, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.V.B.); (L.Q.N.)
- Correspondence: (L.D.P.); (D.N.D.); Tel.: +84-4-2216-6147 (L.D.P.); +1-902-957-8589 ((D.N.D.)
| | - Nguyen Van Ba
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cell Technology, National Institute of Animal Sciences, Thuyphuong, Tuliem, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.V.B.); (L.Q.N.)
| | - Le Quang Nam
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cell Technology, National Institute of Animal Sciences, Thuyphuong, Tuliem, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (N.V.B.); (L.Q.N.)
| | - Phong Vuong Tuan
- Biodiversity Conservation and Tropical Diseases Research Institute, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | - Duy Ngoc Do
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
- Correspondence: (L.D.P.); (D.N.D.); Tel.: +84-4-2216-6147 (L.D.P.); +1-902-957-8589 ((D.N.D.)
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Gene expression adjustment of inflammatory mechanisms in dairy cow mammary gland parenchyma during host defense against staphylococci. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2022-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The aim of the study was to identify differences in the expression of splice variants of the PRMT2, LTF and C4A genes in the mammary glands of healthy dairy cows and those infected with staphylococci. An expression study was conducted on 38 Polish Holstein-Friesian dairy cows who were removed from the herd owing to subclinical and chronic mastitic or reproductive issues. Two days before slaughter, milk samples were taken for microbiological analysis and examined for the presence of bacteria. The mammary gland parenchyma samples with a predominance of secretory tissue were taken; these were divided into three groups according to the health status of the mammary gland: H (without pathogenic bacteria in milk), CoNS (with coagulase-negative staphylococci in milk), and CoPS (with coagulase-positive staphylococci in milk). Two of the investigated genes, LTF and C4A, demonstrated variants unequivocally expressed in infected tissue. Two LTF gene variants were found to be associated with cow health status, and with the type of bacteria causing mastitis (CoPS or CoNS). In addition, the expression of C4A isoforms differed with regard to mastitis etiology groups. The comprehensive evaluation of PRMT2 transcript suggested that the gene may also be involved in course of mastitis: two of four PRMT2 transcripts showed increased expression in the mammary gland of the CoPS group compared to controls. The obtained results are important for the knowledge on the etiology of bovine mastitis. The effects of the identified mastitis-relevant splice variants need to be further explored on the protein level to verify the suitability of splice variants and recognize their contribution towards the disease phenotypes and course.
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Lactoferrin as a Human Genome “Guardian”—An Overall Point of View. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095248. [PMID: 35563638 PMCID: PMC9105968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural abnormalities causing DNA modifications of the ethene and propanoadducts can lead to mutations and permanent damage to human genetic material. Such changes may cause premature aging and cell degeneration and death as well as severe impairment of tissue and organ function. This may lead to the development of various diseases, including cancer. In response to a damage, cells have developed defense mechanisms aimed at preventing disease and repairing damaged genetic material or diverting it into apoptosis. All of the mechanisms described above are part of the repertoire of action of Lactoferrin—an endogenous protein that contains iron in its structure, which gives it numerous antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and anticancer properties. The aim of the article is to synthetically present the new and innovative role of lactoferrin in the protection of human genetic material against internal and external damage, described by the modulation mechanisms of the cell cycle at all its levels and the mechanisms of its repair.
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Li YQ, Guo C. A Review on Lactoferrin and Central Nervous System Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071810. [PMID: 34359979 PMCID: PMC8307123 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are currently one of the major health issues around the world. Most CNS disorders are characterized by high oxidative stress levels and intense inflammatory responses in affected tissues. Lactoferrin (Lf), a multifunctional iron-binding glycoprotein, plays a significant role in anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, reactive oxygen species (ROS) modulator, antitumor immunity, and anti-apoptotic processes. Previous studies have shown that Lf is abnormally expressed in a variety of neurological diseases, especially neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, the promotion of neurodevelopment and neuroprotection by Lf has attracted widespread attention, and Lf could be exploited both as an active therapeutic agent and drug nanocarrier. However, our understanding of the roles of Lf proteins in the initiation or progression of CNS diseases is limited, especially the roles of Lf in regulating neurogenesis. This review highlights recent advances in the understanding of the major pharmacological effects of Lf in CNS diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cerebrovascular disease, developmental delays in children, and brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chuang Guo
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-24-8365-6109
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Wang XG, Ju ZH, Hou MH, Jiang Q, Yang CH, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Li RL, Wang CF, Zhong JF, Huang JM. Deciphering Transcriptome and Complex Alternative Splicing Transcripts in Mammary Gland Tissues from Cows Naturally Infected with Staphylococcus aureus Mastitis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159719. [PMID: 27459697 PMCID: PMC4961362 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) contributes to the complexity of the mammalian proteome and plays an important role in diseases, including infectious diseases. The differential AS patterns of these transcript sequences between the healthy (HS3A) and mastitic (HS8A) cows naturally infected by Staphylococcus aureus were compared to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying mastitis resistance and susceptibility. In this study, using the Illumina paired-end RNA sequencing method, 1352 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with higher than twofold changes were found in the HS3A and HS8A mammary gland tissues. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analyses revealed that the cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction pathway is the most significantly enriched pathway. Approximately 16k annotated unigenes were respectively identified in two libraries, based on the bovine Bos taurus UMD3.1 sequence assembly and search. A total of 52.62% and 51.24% annotated unigenes were alternatively spliced in term of exon skipping, intron retention, alternative 5′ splicing and alternative 3ʹ splicing. Additionally, 1,317 AS unigenes were HS3A-specific, whereas 1,093 AS unigenes were HS8A-specific. Some immune-related genes, such as ITGB6, MYD88, ADA, ACKR1, and TNFRSF1B, and their potential relationships with mastitis were highlighted. From Chromosome 2, 4, 6, 7, 10, 13, 14, 17, and 20, 3.66% (HS3A) and 5.4% (HS8A) novel transcripts, which harbor known quantitative trait locus associated with clinical mastitis, were identified. Many DEGs in the healthy and mastitic mammary glands are involved in immune, defense, and inflammation responses. These DEGs, which exhibit diverse and specific splicing patterns and events, can endow dairy cattle with the potential complex genetic resistance against mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Ge Wang
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Hua Ju
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Ming Hai Hou
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Jiang
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Chun Hong Yang
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Rong Ling Li
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Chang Fa Wang
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Ji Feng Zhong
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jin Ming Huang
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
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Ju Z, Wang C, Wang X, Yang C, Sun Y, Jiang Q, Wang F, Li M, Zhong J, Huang J. Role of an SNP in Alternative Splicing of Bovine NCF4 and Mastitis Susceptibility. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143705. [PMID: 26600390 PMCID: PMC4658021 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil cytosolic factor 4 (NCF4) is component of the nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate oxidase complex, a key factor in biochemical pathways and innate immune responses. In this study, splice variants and functional single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of NCF4 were identified to determine the variability and association of the gene with susceptibility to bovine mastitis characterized by inflammation. A novel splice variant, designated as NCF4-TV and characterized by the retention of a 48 bp sequence in intron 9, was detected in the mammary gland tissues of infected cows. The expression of the NCF4-reference main transcript in the mastitic mammary tissues was higher than that in normal tissues. A novel SNP, g.18174 A>G, was also found in the retained 48 bp region of intron 9. To determine whether NCF4-TV could be due to the g.18174 A>G mutation, we constructed two mini-gene expression vectors with the wild-type or mutant NCF4 g.18174 A>G fragment. The vectors were then transiently transfected into 293T cells, and alternative splicing of NCF4 was analyzed by reverse transcription-PCR and sequencing. Mini-gene splicing assay demonstrated that the aberrantly spliced NCF4-TV with 48 bp retained fragment in intron 9 could be due to g.18174 A>G, which was associated with milk somatic count score and increased risk of mastitis infection in cows. NCF4 expression was also regulated by alternative splicing. This study proposes that NCF4 splice variants generated by functional SNP are important risk factors for mastitis susceptibility in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Ju
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250131, China
- * E-mail: (ZJ); (JH)
| | - Changfa Wang
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250131, China
| | - Xiuge Wang
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250131, China
| | - Chunhong Yang
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250131, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250131, China
| | - Qiang Jiang
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250131, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250131, China
| | - Mengjiao Li
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250131, China
| | - Jifeng Zhong
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250131, China
| | - Jinming Huang
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250131, China
- * E-mail: (ZJ); (JH)
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Zhang Z, Wang X, Li R, Ju Z, Qi C, Zhang Y, Guo F, Luo G, Li Q, Wang C, Zhong J, Xu Y, Huang J. Genetic mutations potentially cause two novel NCF1 splice variants up-regulated in the mammary gland, blood and neutrophil of cows infected by Escherichia coli. Microbiol Res 2015; 174:24-32. [PMID: 25946326 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil cytosolic factor 1 (NCF1) plays a crucial role in host defense against microbial pathogens. In this study, we investigated the potential alternative splicing patterns, expression and splice-relevant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the bovine NCF1 gene to increase insights into its potential role against bovine mastitis caused by Escherichia coli infection. Using RT-PCR and clone sequencing methods, we found two novel splice variants designed as NCF1-TV1 (retained intron 6) and NCF1-TV2 (retained part of intron 8), respectively, encoding two putative truncated proteins (239AA and 283AA). Two splice variants were drastically up-regulated in the mastitis-infected cows' mammary tissues, blood and neutrophils compared with these of healthy cows using real-time RT-PCR. Genomic sequencing analysis identified four novel SNPs g.10112 G>A, g.10766 T>C, SNPs g.12085 G>A and g.12430 T>C at the ends of intron 6 and intron 8 of NCF1. ESE motif predicted that the SNP (g.10766 T>C) might affect the binding with splicing-related factors and subsequently caused the production of aberrant splice variant NCF1-TV1, which is one of the potential reasons that the functional SNP was associated with increased milk somatic cell score in cow. Our results would help in better understanding the NCF1 gene function in the process against pathogen infection, and the effect of splicing-related SNP on the production of aberrant splice variant and careful functional characterization in dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuge Wang
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 159 North of Industry Road, Jinan, Shandong 250131, People's Republic of China(1)
| | - Rongling Li
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 159 North of Industry Road, Jinan, Shandong 250131, People's Republic of China(1)
| | - Zhihua Ju
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 159 North of Industry Road, Jinan, Shandong 250131, People's Republic of China(1)
| | - Chao Qi
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 159 North of Industry Road, Jinan, Shandong 250131, People's Republic of China(1)
| | - Yan Zhang
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 159 North of Industry Road, Jinan, Shandong 250131, People's Republic of China(1)
| | - Fang Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Guojing Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuling Li
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 159 North of Industry Road, Jinan, Shandong 250131, People's Republic of China(1)
| | - Changfa Wang
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 159 North of Industry Road, Jinan, Shandong 250131, People's Republic of China(1)
| | - Jifeng Zhong
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 159 North of Industry Road, Jinan, Shandong 250131, People's Republic of China(1)
| | - Yinxue Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinming Huang
- Dairy Cattle Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 159 North of Industry Road, Jinan, Shandong 250131, People's Republic of China(1).
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