1
|
Ghosh S, Tamilselvi S, Williams C, Jayaweera SW, Iashchishyn IA, Šulskis D, Gilthorpe JD, Olofsson A, Smirnovas V, Svedružić ŽM, Morozova-Roche LA. ApoE Isoforms Inhibit Amyloid Aggregation of Proinflammatory Protein S100A9. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2114. [PMID: 38396791 PMCID: PMC10889306 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that the calcium-binding and proinflammatory protein S100A9 is an important player in neuroinflammation-mediated Alzheimer's disease (AD). The amyloid co-aggregation of S100A9 with amyloid-β (Aβ) is an important hallmark of this pathology. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is also known to be one of the important genetic risk factors of AD. ApoE primarily exists in three isoforms, ApoE2 (Cys112/Cys158), ApoE3 (Cys112/Arg158), and ApoE4 (Arg112/Arg158). Even though the difference lies in just two amino acid residues, ApoE isoforms produce differential effects on the neuroinflammation and activation of the microglial state in AD. Here, we aim to understand the effect of the ApoE isoforms on the amyloid aggregation of S100A9. We found that both ApoE3 and ApoE4 suppress the aggregation of S100A9 in a concentration-dependent manner, even at sub-stoichiometric ratios compared to S100A9. These interactions lead to a reduction in the quantity and length of S100A9 fibrils. The inhibitory effect is more pronounced if ApoE isoforms are added in the lipid-free state versus lipidated ApoE. We found that, upon prolonged incubation, S100A9 and ApoE form low molecular weight complexes with stochiometric ratios of 1:1 and 2:1, which remain stable under SDS-gel conditions. These complexes self-assemble also under the native conditions; however, their interactions are transient, as revealed by glutaraldehyde cross-linking experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. MD simulation demonstrated that the lipid-binding C-terminal domain of ApoE and the second EF-hand calcium-binding motif of S100A9 are involved in these interactions. We found that amyloids of S100A9 are cytotoxic to neuroblastoma cells, and the presence of either ApoE isoforms does not change the level of their cytotoxicity. A significant inhibitory effect produced by both ApoE isoforms on S100A9 amyloid aggregation can modulate the amyloid-neuroinflammatory cascade in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shamasree Ghosh
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden; (S.G.); (S.T.); (I.A.I.)
| | - Shanmugam Tamilselvi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden; (S.G.); (S.T.); (I.A.I.)
| | - Chloe Williams
- Department of Medical and Translational Biology, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden; (C.W.); (J.D.G.)
| | - Sanduni W. Jayaweera
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden; (S.W.J.); (A.O.)
| | - Igor A. Iashchishyn
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden; (S.G.); (S.T.); (I.A.I.)
| | - Darius Šulskis
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (D.Š.); (V.S.)
| | - Jonathan D. Gilthorpe
- Department of Medical and Translational Biology, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden; (C.W.); (J.D.G.)
| | - Anders Olofsson
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden; (S.W.J.); (A.O.)
| | - Vytautas Smirnovas
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania; (D.Š.); (V.S.)
| | | | - Ludmilla A. Morozova-Roche
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden; (S.G.); (S.T.); (I.A.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Patel A, Chad JA, Chen JJ. Is adiposity associated with white matter microstructural health and intelligence differently in males and females? Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:1011-1023. [PMID: 36883598 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The role of vascular risk factors in age-related brain degeneration has long been the subject of intense study, but the role of obesity remains understudied. Given known sex differences in fat storage and usage, this study investigates sex differences in the association between adiposity and white matter microstructural integrity, an important early marker of brain degeneration. METHODS This study assesses the associations between adiposity (abdominal fat ratio and liver proton density fat fraction) and brain health (measures of intelligence and white matter microstructure using diffusion-tensor imaging [DTI]) in a group of UK Biobank participants. RESULTS This study finds that intelligence and DTI metrics are indeed associated with adiposity differently in males and females. These sex differences are distinct from those in the associations of DTI metrics with age and blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these findings suggest that there are inherent sex-driven differences in how brain health is associated with obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Patel
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jordan A Chad
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - J Jean Chen
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ge S, Shi Y, Zhu G, Li S, Cai Y, Ji P, Liu J, Guo W, Gong L, Lou M, Feng F, Wang Y, Zhai Y, Qu Y, Wang L. Molecular Pathological Markers Correlated With the Recurrence Patterns of Glioma. Front Oncol 2021; 10:565045. [PMID: 33585189 PMCID: PMC7873968 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.565045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Glioma is one of the most common tumors of the central nervous system, and many patients suffer from recurrence even after standard comprehensive treatment. However, little is known about the molecular markers that predict the recurrence patterns of glioma. This study aimed to demonstrate the correlations between molecular markers and glioma recurrence patterns, which included local/nonlocal recurrence and paraventricular/nonparaventricular recurrence. Methods Immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess the molecular markers of 88 glioma tissues following surgical resection. The recurrence patterns were divided into local recurrence, marginal recurrence, distant recurrence, multirecurrence, and subarachniod recurrence, with the last four recurrence patterns being collectively called nonlocal recurrence. According to whether the recurrence invaded ventricles, the nonlocal recurrence patterns were divided into paraventricular and nonparaventricular recurrence. Then, we compared the different recurrence patterns and their clinical characteristics, focusing on the expression of molecular markers. Results More patients in the nonlocal recurrence group received combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy than patients in the local recurrence group (p=0.019). Sex, age, extent of surgery, time to recurrence, tumor location, size, and WHO grade were not different in the defined groups (P>0.05). Recurrent tumor volume and WHO grade were significantly different between the paraventricular and nonparaventricular recurrence groups (p=0.046 and 0.033). The expression of Ki-67, P53, and PCNA in the nonlocal recurrence group was significantly higher than that in the local recurrence group (p=0.015, 0.009, and 0.037), while the expression of S-100 in the nonlocal recurrence group was significantly lower than that in the local recurrence group (p=0.015). Cox regression indicated hazard ratio (HR) for high expression level of PCNA associated with non-local recurrence was 3.43 (95% CI, 1.15, 10.24), and HR for high expression level of MGMT associated with paraventricular recurrence was 2.64 (95% CI, 1.15,6.08). Conclusions Ki-67, P53, PCNA, and MGMT might be important clinical markers for nonlocal recurrence and paraventricular recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunnan Ge
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yingwu Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Gang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Songlun Li
- Medical Department of Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yaning Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peigang Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinghui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Gong
- Department of Pathology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Miao Lou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fuqiang Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yulong Zhai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|