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Eberly HW, Sciscent BY, Lorenz FJ, Rettig EM, Goyal N. Current and Emerging Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Predictive Biomarkers in Head and Neck Cancer. Biomedicines 2024; 12:415. [PMID: 38398017 PMCID: PMC10886579 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNC) are a biologically diverse set of cancers that are responsible for over 660,000 new diagnoses each year. Current therapies for HNC require a comprehensive, multimodal approach encompassing resection, radiation therapy, and systemic therapy. With an increased understanding of the mechanisms behind HNC, there has been growing interest in more accurate prognostic indicators of disease, effective post-treatment surveillance, and individualized treatments. This chapter will highlight the commonly used and studied biomarkers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hänel W. Eberly
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (H.W.E.); (F.J.L.)
| | - Bao Y. Sciscent
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (H.W.E.); (F.J.L.)
| | - F. Jeffrey Lorenz
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (H.W.E.); (F.J.L.)
| | - Eleni M. Rettig
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02108, USA
| | - Neerav Goyal
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (H.W.E.); (F.J.L.)
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Xu L, Yang Y, Li Y, Lu Y, Gao C, Bian X, Liu Z, Sun Q. Characterizing the Pathogenicity and Immunogenicity of Simian Retrovirus Subtype 8 (SRV-8) Using SRV-8-Infected Cynomolgus Monkeys. Viruses 2023; 15:1538. [PMID: 37515223 PMCID: PMC10384433 DOI: 10.3390/v15071538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Simian retrovirus subtype 8 (SRV-8) infections have been reported in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) in China and America, but its pathogenicity and immunogenicity are rarely reported. In this work, the SRV-8-infected monkeys were identified from the monkeys with anemia, weight loss, and diarrhea. To clarify the impact of SRV-8 infection on cynomolgus monkeys, infected monkeys were divided into five groups according to disease progression. Hematoxylin (HE) staining and viral loads analysis showed that SRV-8 mainly persisted in the intestine and spleen, causing tissue damage. Additionally, the dynamic variations of blood routine indexes, innate and adaptive immunity, and the transcriptomic changes in peripheral blood cells were analyzed during SRV-8 infection. Compared to uninfected animals, red blood cells, hemoglobin, and white blood cells were reduced in SRV-8-infected monkeys. The percentage of immune cell populations was changed after SRV-8 infection. Furthermore, the number of hematopoietic stem cells decreased significantly during the early stages of SRV-8 infection, and returned to normal levels after antibody-mediated viral clearance. Finally, global transcriptomic analysis in PBMCs from SRV-8-infected monkeys revealed distinct gene expression profiles across different disease stages. In summary, SRV-8 infection can cause severe pathogenicity and immune disturbance in cynomolgus monkeys, and it might be responsible for fatal virus-associated immunosuppressive syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libing Xu
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yunpeng Yang
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yandong Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yong Lu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Changshan Gao
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xinyan Bian
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zongping Liu
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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Hasan Dagmura, Yigit S, Gumusay O, Nursal AF, Daldal E, Karakus N. eNOS and VEGF Variants Might Increase the Risk of Pancreatic Cancer. CYTOL GENET+ 2021. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452721020031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Li H, Zhou L, Ma J, Zhu Y, Fan J, Li N, Zheng Y, Sha T, Zhai Z, Ma B, Dai Z. Distribution and susceptibility of ERCC1/XPF gene polymorphisms in Han and Uygur women with breast cancer in Xinjiang, China. Cancer Med 2020; 9:9571-9580. [PMID: 33067872 PMCID: PMC7774751 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the roles of ERCC1/XPF gene polymorphisms in the occurrence of breast cancer in the Uygur and Han ethnic groups in Xinjiang, China. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected by TaqMan real‐time PCR. The rs11615 G>A and rs2276466 C>G variant frequencies were higher in Uygur patients with breast cancer than in Han patients, while the frequency of rs2298881 C>A was higher in Han patients. We found that rs2298881 C>A (CA vs. CC: OR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.20‐0.60; AA vs. CC: OR = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.04‐0.34; CA + AA vs. CC: OR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.18‐0.51; AA vs. CA + CC: OR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.08‐0.62; CA vs. AA + CC: OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.29‐0.82) was associated with a reduced breast cancer risk and rs3212986 C>A (AA vs. CC: OR = 4.80, 95% CI = 1.79‐15.29,; CA+AA vs. CC: OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.06‐2.77; AA vs. CA+CC: OR = 4.12, 95% CI =1.58‐12.89) and rs11615 G > A (AA vs. GG: OR = 3.49, 95% CI =1.54‐8.55; GA + AA vs. GG: OR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.21‐3.27; AA vs. GA+GG: OR = 2.87, 95% CI = 1.30‐6.85) were associated with an elevated breast cancer risk among Uygur individuals. In addition, Uygur patients with breast cancer with 2‐3 combined risk genotypes of ERCC1 had a higher risk than patients with 0‐1 risk genotypes (OR = 2.91; 95% CI = 1.54‐5.71, p = 0.001). However, we failed to detect a statistically significant association between ERCC1/XPF polymorphisms and breast cancer risk in five genetic models among Han individuals. Our results showed that ERCC1/XPF gene polymorphisms predispose Uygur individuals to breast cancer; this finding should be verified by further large‐scale analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Li
- Department of Breast Head and Neck Surgery, The 3rd Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Linghui Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Breast Head and Neck Surgery, The 3rd Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Yuyao Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingjing Fan
- Department of Breast Head and Neck Surgery, The 3rd Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tong Sha
- Department of Breast Head and Neck Surgery, The 3rd Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhen Zhai
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Binlin Ma
- Department of Breast Head and Neck Surgery, The 3rd Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Expression and Genetic Polymorphisms of ERCC1 in Chinese Han Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:1207809. [PMID: 33029487 PMCID: PMC7537678 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1207809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of the excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and the possible association of ERCC1 polymorphisms with susceptibility and response to chemotherapy of OSCC in a Chinese Han population. The expression of ERCC1 was determined by real-time PCR in eight patients. Four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs11615, rs3212948, rs3212961, and rs735482 of ERCC1 were genotyped in 113 OSCC patients and 184 healthy controls using a PCR restriction matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) assay. We found that a higher gene expression of ERCC1 was observed in tumor tissue as compared to pericarcinomatous tissue in OSCC patients. All genotypic and allelic frequencies of the tested ERCC1 polymorphisms were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The genotypic and allelic frequencies of rs11615, rs3212948, rs3212961, and rs735482 of ERCC1 were not different between OSCC patients and controls. No correlation was observed between ERCC1 polymorphisms and the response to chemotherapy. Our results show that ERCC1 is increased in the tumor tissue of OSCC patients. The investigated ERCC1 gene polymorphisms (rs11615, rs3212948, rs3212961, and rs735482) are not associated with the susceptibility and response to chemotherapy of OSCC in our investigated Chinese Han population.
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Dai P, Li J, Li W, Qin X, Wu X, Di W, Zhang Y. Genetic polymorphisms and pancreatic cancer risk: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16541. [PMID: 31393355 PMCID: PMC6708677 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Previous investigations yielded inconsistent results for the associations between pancreatic cancer (PC) risk and genetic polymorphisms. The study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies exploring association of some genetic polymorphisms and PC risk. METHODS We systematically searched on PubMed and Web of Science for association of genetic polymorphisms and PC risk published from 1969 to January 2019. We computed the multivariate odd ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), comparing different genetic types. RESULTS The present meta-analysis showed significant associations between deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair gene (X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) Arg399GIn and Arg194Trp, excision repair cross complementation 1 (ERCC1) rs11615 and rs3212986, ERCC2 rs13181) polymorphisms and PC risk. CONCLUSIONS Because of the limited sample size and ethnicity enrolled in the present meta-analysis, further larger scaled studies should be performed to demonstrate the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Dai
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University
| | - Weibin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Dayi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xueliang Qin
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University
| | - Xiaoyong Wu
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University
| | - Weidong Di
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University
| | - Yanzhong Zhang
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University
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Zhang Q, Zheng X, Li X, Sun D, Xue P, Zhang G, Xiao M, Cai Y, Jin C, Yang J, Wu S, Lu X. The polymorphisms of miRNA-binding site in MLH3 and ERCC1 were linked to the risk of colorectal cancer in a case-control study. Cancer Med 2018. [PMID: 29516665 PMCID: PMC5911615 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), as a malignant tumor of lower digestive tract, has been found to have an increasing morbidity and mortality in China. It was particularly important to find some earlier biomarkers to predict the risk and prognosis. In this study, several polymorphisms on 3′UTR of three DNA repair genes including MLH3 rs10862, ERCC1 rs3212986, ERCC1 rs735482, ERCC1 rs2336219, and OGG1 rs1052133 were chosen by bioinformatics exploration, and then, a case–control study of 200 CRC cases and controls was performed. Furthermore, a dual‐luciferase assay was also carried out to certify whether the candidate miRNA can regulate its target gene and the selected SNPs have a valid effect on the target miRNA. Finally, both of ERCC1 rs3212986 and MLH3 rs108621 were shown to be associated with the risk of CRC. Comparing with rs3212986 CC genotype, AA was at a higher risk (OR = 3.079, 95% CI: 1.192–7.952). For MLH3 rs108621, comparing with TT genotype, CC and TC were at a higher risk of CRC in male (OR = 5.171, 95% CI: 1.009–26.494; OR = 1.904, 95% CI: 1.049–3.455). Interestingly, an analysis combining both ERCC1 rs3212986 and MLH3 rs108621 also showed an increased risk of CRC. In addition, a dual‐luciferase assay showed that miR‐193a‐3p could regulate MLH3, and the polymorphism rs108621 could alter the miR‐193a‐3p binding to MLH3. Therefore, MLH3 rs108621 may be associated with the risk of CRC due to the effect of miR‐193a‐3p on MLH3, which reminded the possibility as potential susceptibility biomarkers to predict the risk of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianye Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Deyu Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology(6) (Digestive system cancer), Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ping Xue
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guopei Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingyang Xiao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Cai
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cuihong Jin
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinghua Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shengwen Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaobo Lu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Xu H, Li B. Effect of Interferon-γ Polymorphisms on Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Case-Control Study. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:4126-4131. [PMID: 28843049 PMCID: PMC5584821 DOI: 10.12659/msm.902822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This research aimed to explore the effects of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) polymorphisms and expression profile on susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in a Chinese population. Material/Methods Blood samples were collected from 89 AS patients and 106 healthy controls. IFN-γ polymorphisms were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing methods. The genotype distribution of polymorphism in the control group was detected by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated using the χ2 test to evaluate the association between AS susceptibility and IFN-γ polymorphisms. Moreover, serum IFN-γ level was measured by ELISA. Results rs1861493 and rs2430561 polymorphisms were conformed to be in HWE in genotypes distribution of the control group (P>0.05 for both). However, only TT genotype and T allele of rs2430561 presented significantly higher frequencies in AS patients than in healthy controls (P=0.04 and 0.03, respectively), indicating that they obviously increased the risk of AS in a Chinese population (OR=2.54, 95%CI=1.01–6.40; OR=1.60, 95%CI=1.04–2.46). In AS patients, serum IFN-γ level was higher than in controls, and its expression patterns showed significant association with genotypes of rs2430561. Conclusions IFN-γ rs2430561 polymorphism may contribute to the risk of AS through influencing IFN-γ expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Orthopaedic, The Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China (mainland)
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Wu Y, Lu ZP, Zhang JJ, Liu DF, Shi GD, Zhang C, Qin ZQ, Zhang JZ, He Y, Wu PF, Miao Y, Jiang KR. Association between ERCC2 Lys751Gln polymorphism and the risk of pancreatic cancer, especially among Asians: evidence from a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:50124-50132. [PMID: 28223548 PMCID: PMC5564835 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of Excision repair cross-complementing group 2 (ERCC2) gene are suspected to affect the risk of pancreatic cancer. Many studies have reported the association between ERCC2 Lys751Gln polymorphism (rs13181) and the susceptibility to pancreatic cancer, but the outcomes remained controversial. To comprehensively determine this association, we conducted a meta-analysis based on a total of eight studies. Evidence for this association was obtained from the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. In general, a significant association was found between ERCC2 rs13181 polymorphism and the susceptibility to pancreatic cancer in four genetic models [CC vs. AA: OR = 1.56, (95% CI: 1.28-1.90), P = 0.470; AC/CC vs. AA: OR=1.20, (95% CI: 1.06-1.36), P = 0.396; CC vs. AC/CC OR = 1.50; (95% CI: 1.24-1.81), P = 0.530; C vs. A: OR=1.22, (95%CI:1.11-1.34), P = 0.159]. Furthermore, stratified analyses by ethnicity indicated a significant association only in the Asian population. Our results indicate that the ERCC2 Lys751Gln polymorphism might be important in stimulating the development of pancreatic cancer, especially for Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wu
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Pancreas Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zi-Peng Lu
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Pancreas Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhang
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Pancreas Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong-Fang Liu
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Pancreas Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guo-Dong Shi
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Pancreas Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Songjiang Branch Hospital of Shanghai First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Qin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan He
- Pancreas Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Huai'an Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai'an Second People's Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Peng-Fei Wu
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Pancreas Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Miao
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Pancreas Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kui-Rong Jiang
- Pancreas Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Pancreas Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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