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Obande-Ogbuinya NE, Aleke CO, Omaka-Amari LN, Ifeoma UMB, Anyigor-Ogah SC, Mong EU, Afoke EN, Nnaji TN, Nwankwo O, Okeke IM, Nnubia AO, Ibe UC, Ochiaka RE, Ngwakwe PC, Item O, Nwafor KA, Nweke IC, Obasi AF. Prevalence of Methamphetamine (Mkpurummiri) use in south east Nigeria: a community-based cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2436. [PMID: 39244542 PMCID: PMC11380340 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19921-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methamphetamine (MA) (Mkpurummiri) is seen as the most common, accessible and new drug of use/abuse in south east Nigeria. Despite the overwhelming evidence of the dire consequences of this drug to the users, there is lack of empirical research to determine its prevalence in this area where use is assumed to be common. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of MA use, characteristics of the users and the control measures. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional survey research design was conducted from May through November 2023 among adolescents/adults at the age bracket of 15-64 years in the five states of south east, Nigeria. Three hundred and seventy-one (371) respondents were recruited using purposive/convenience sampling methods. A semi structured questionnaire was the instrument used. Data were analyzed using percentage, bivariate and multivariate logistics regression statistics. The Prevalence of MA was determined using percentages whereas the factors that are associated with MA use were expressed using multivariate logistics regression statistics AORs and 95%CIs. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS The prevalence of Methamphetamine (Mkpurummiri) was (21.8%). The most common reason for MA use was depression (86.5%), the most common route of administration was inhalation (64.9%). The most common characteristic of MA (Mkpurummiri) user was aggressive/violent behaviour (94.1%).The control measures were self-control (92.2%), parental monitoring (85.7%), drug education (83.1%) and legal control (80.8%). The multivariate logistics regression statistics AOR shows that off-campus were 3 times (AOR = 0.298; CI = 0.12-0.73 P = 0.008), family house 4 times (AOR = 0.241; CI = 0.09-0.65; P = 0.005 ≤ 0.05 ) less likely than on-campus to predict MA use. Recently married were 3.25 times (aOR = 3.25; CI = 1.47-7.18), divorced 3.45 times (aOR = 3.45; CI = 1.23-9.58), polygamy 2.3 times (aOR = 2.3; CI = 1.08-4.90; P = 0.031 ≤ 0.05 ), tradition 4.44 times (aOR = 4.44; CI = 1.77-11.15; P = 0.001 ≤ 0.05 ) , more likely than others to use MA. CONCLUSIONS MA use prevalence was relatively high, and marital status, living arrangements, family type and religion were the predictors. These findings underscore the need for concerted effort among the relevant government agencies, community stakeholders, families, religious bodies and school authorities to designing MA use policy/laws with special focus on adopting the punitive measure used in checking cocaine users. This may help to arrest and prosecute the manufacturers, distributors and users of MA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lois Nnenna Omaka-Amari
- Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | | | - Stanley Chijioke Anyigor-Ogah
- Department of Family Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki AEFUTHA, Ebonyi State, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Emeka Usman Mong
- Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Eunice Nwafor Afoke
- Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Theresa Nwamaka Nnaji
- Department of Paediatrics, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki AEFUTHA, Ebonyi State, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Onyechi Nwankwo
- African Institutes for Health Policy and Health Systems Ebonyi State, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Ifeyinwa Maureen Okeke
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Anthonia Ogechukwu Nnubia
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Uzochukwu Chimdindu Ibe
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki AEFUTHA, Ebonyi State, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Raphael E Ochiaka
- Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Patricia C Ngwakwe
- Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - OkochaYusuf Item
- Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | | | - Idakari Chinedu Nweke
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki AEFUTHA, Ebonyi State, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Arinze Francis Obasi
- Department of Industrial Mathematics and Applied Statistics, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
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Essadi A, Aissaoui H, Yeznasni A, Lekfif A, Sebbar S, Atassi M, Abda N. Psychoactive substance use and associated factors among Mohammed first university students, Oujda, Morocco: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1961. [PMID: 39044213 PMCID: PMC11264429 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19507-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of psychoactive substances, including tobacco, alcohol, and others, remains a major public health problem. However, few studies have been conducted on Moroccan university students. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of substance use among students at Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco. METHODS We conducted this cross-sectional study with students enrolled at one of the Mohammed First University of Oujda's institutes as part of the 2021-202 academic year. We used a self-administered survey to collect data anonymously. We cleaned the data and then entered it into IBM SPSS Statistics 21 for analysis. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics as well as univariate and multivariate analysis. We considered a P value < 0.05 as the level of significance. RESULTS In this study, out of 500 students we asked to complete the survey, 478 responded; the response rate was 95.6%. The average age was 21.1 ± 3.0, and the M/F sex ratio was 0.97. The lifetime prevalence of psychoactive substance use among Oujda University students was 28.7%. The most commonly used substances were tobacco (24.1%), alcohol (15.9%), cannabis (13.4%), sedatives (6.9%), stimulants (5.2%), and cocaine (4.4%). Male sex, age > 20 years, self-financing, school failure (one year repeated or more), the practice of a leisure activity, the presence of a personal medical or psychiatric history, and the presence of a family medical history were all significantly associated with the use of psychoactive substances. CONCLUSION Our study revealed a significant prevalence of psychoactive substance use among university students in Oujda, highlighting the need for interventions at various levels. Further analytical studies are necessary to better understand the initiation and maintenance of psychoactive substance use and to identify all associated factors to enhance prevention strategies against substance use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Essadi
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Hanane Aissaoui
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Asmae Yeznasni
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Asmae Lekfif
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Sanae Sebbar
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Mariam Atassi
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Naima Abda
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
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Jelagat J, Budambula NLM, Ngari M, Budambula V. Polydrug Use among Students in a Public University in a Lower Middle-Income Country. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:8085588. [PMID: 37560202 PMCID: PMC10409583 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8085588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Recreational drug use among students in tertiary institutions remains a public health concern. Despite documentation of drug use in Kenyan universities, most of the studies are based on self-reported history which is prone to social desirability bias. It is in this context that we sought to establish lifetime and current drug use among university students. The study investigated self-reported and confirmed drug use. Using proportionate to size and snowball sampling methods, 380 respondents were enrolled from three university campuses. Actual drug use was confirmed qualitatively using a 6 panel plus alcohol saliva test kit. The study participants' median (IQR) age was 22 (20-23) years, and 262 (69%) were male; 328 (86%) were degree-level students, while 127 (33%) were in their fourth year and above. A total of 221 (58%) students reported a lifetime ever use of drugs, while 193 (51%) tested positive for at least one drug. Alcohol, tobacco products (cotinine), marijuana, and amphetamine or khat were the most preferred drugs. The usage was either solely, concurrently, or simultaneously. Having multiple sexual partners compared to students with no sexual partner (adjusted risk ratio (aRR) of 2.33 (95% CI 1.45, 3.76)) and residing in Mishomoroni and Kisauni (aRR 1.50 (95% CI 1.08, 2.09)) were associated with risk of testing positive for any drug. Having one (aRR of 1.54 (95% CI 1.05, 2.26)) and multiple sexual partners (aRR 2.03 (95% CI 1.27, 3.25) and residing in Mishomoroni and Kisauni (aRR 1.48 (95% CI 1.05, 2.08)) were associated with self-reported drug use. One out of two students was currently using drugs. Irrespective of the method used to record data, alcohol, tobacco products, marijuana, and amphetamine or khat were the most preferred drugs. The usage was solely, concurrently, or simultaneously. Future interventions should focus on continuing students, students' residences, and those who are sexually active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Jelagat
- Department of Environment and Health Sciences, Technical University of Mombasa, Kenya
| | | | - Moses Ngari
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya
- Department of Public Health, Pwani University, Kenya
| | - Valentine Budambula
- Department of Environment and Health Sciences, Technical University of Mombasa, Kenya
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Obadeji A, Kumolalo F, Adegoke B. Substance use trends among undergraduate students and its association with sociodemographics and self-esteem. TAIWANESE JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/tpsy.tpsy_5_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
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Babicki M, Piotrowski P, Mastalerz-Migas A. Assessment of Insomnia Symptoms, Quality of Life, Daytime Sleepiness, and Psychoactive Substance Use among Polish Students: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey for Years 2016–2021 before and during COVID-19 Pandemic. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11082106. [PMID: 35456199 PMCID: PMC9026410 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11082106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep disorders are a serious health problem worldwide, and insomnia is their most common manifestation. An increasing number of people have insomnia every year, young adults, especially. Due to the importance that sleep has in almost every aspect of our lives, the need to monitor disturbances in circadian rhythms has arisen. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of sleep disorders among Polish students, including their quality of life (QOL) and drug use patterns. The study also investigated associations between sleep, QoL, and drug use. The study was conducted in 2016–2021 based on the self-made sociodemographic questionnaire, as well as standardized psychometric tools: Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and Manchester Short Assessment of quality of life (MANSA). A total of 14,844 students participated in the study. The majority were women (80.7%), of which 3425 (23.1%) were medical students, with the most numerous representing medical and dental faculties, 1884 (57.2%). Before the COVID-19 pandemic, 52.1% of the surveys were collected; 54.1% of respondents had insomnia as indicated by the AIS scores, and 26.1% displayed sleepiness during the day. Female students, the first-year college students, more often suffered from sleep disorders. Drug use was widespread among Polish students, correlating with sleep assessment results and QoL. In conclusion, sleep disorders are a significant clinical problem among Polish students. Female and junior students’ years are more prone to sleep deprivation. Insufficient sleep can be associated with a lower QoL score and psychoactive substance use. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep are not conclusive, because there was decreasing quality for longer sleep durations. In order to analyze these associations, there is a need for further in-depth study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Babicki
- Department of Family Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-141 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.); (A.M.-M.)
| | - Patryk Piotrowski
- Section of Epidemiology and Social Psychiatry, Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
- Division of Consultation Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-784-16-52
| | - Agnieszka Mastalerz-Migas
- Department of Family Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-141 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.); (A.M.-M.)
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Tumwine JK. Editorial: Infectious diseases and NCDs persist despite concerted effort. Afr Health Sci 2021; 21:i-v. [PMID: 34795757 PMCID: PMC8568243 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v21i2.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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