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Gao J, Zhang L, Xue L, Cai W, Qin Z, Yang J, Liang Y, Wang L, Chen M, Ye Q, Li Y, Wang J, Wu S, Wu Q, Zhang J. Development of a High-Efficiency Immunomagnetic Enrichment Method for Detection of Human Norovirus via PAMAM Dendrimer/SA-Biotin Mediated Cascade-Amplification. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:673872. [PMID: 34354679 PMCID: PMC8329424 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.673872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human norovirus is a common cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide, and oysters have been found to be the main carriers for its spread. The lack of efficient pre-treatment methods has been a major bottleneck limiting the detection of viruses in oysters. In this study, we established a novel immunomagnetic enrichment method using polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer/SA-biotin-mediated cascade amplification for reverse transcriptase quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) detection. We compared the capture efficiency of traditional immunomagnetic enrichment, biotin-amplified immunomagnetic enrichment, and PAMAM dendrimer/SA-biotin-mediated cascade-amplification immunomagnetic enrichment. The optimal capture efficiency of the novel method was 44.26 ± 1.45%, which increased by 183.17% (P < 0.01) and 18.09% (P < 0.05) compared with the first two methods, respectively. Three methods were all applied in detecting norovirus in 44 retail oysters, the detection rate of the PAMAM dendrimer/SA-biotin-mediated method was 25.0%, which was higher than those of traditional IME (15.90%) and SA-biotin-amplified IME (18.80%) by 9.1 and 6.2%, respectively. In conclusion, the novel method can be applied for the rapid detection of norovirus in oysters, which can help reduce the cost and time of detection and improve detection rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junshan Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weicheng Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiale Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhui Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linping Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Kalčáková L, Tremlová B, Pospiech M, Hostovský M, Dordević D, Javůrková Z, Běhalová H, Bartlová M. Use of IHF-QD Microscopic Analysis for the Detection of Food Allergenic Components: Peanuts and Wheat Protein. Foods 2020; 9:foods9020239. [PMID: 32102221 PMCID: PMC7074483 DOI: 10.3390/foods9020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to analytically evaluate quantum dots in immunohistofluorescence (IHF-QD) microscopic imaging as detectors of food allergens—peanut and wheat. The experiment was designed as two in silico experiments or simulations: (a) models of pastry samples were prepared with the addition of allergenic components (peanut and wheat protein components) and without the addition of allergenic components, and (b) positive and negative commercial samples underwent food allergen detection. The samples from both simulations were tested by the ELISA and IHF-QD microscopic methods. The primary antibodies (secondary antibodies to a rabbit Fc fragment with labeled CdSe/ZnS QD) were labelled at 525, 585, and 655 nm emissions. The use of quantum dots (QDs) has expanded to many science areas and they are also finding use in food allergen detection, as shown in the study. The study indicated that differences between the ELISA and IHF-QD microscopic methods were not observable among experimentally produced pastry samples with and without allergenic components, although differences were observed among commercial samples. The important value of the study is certainly the differences found in the application of different QD conjugates (525, 585, and 655). The highest contrast was found in the application of 585 QD conjugates that can serve for the possible quantification of present food allergens—peanuts and wheat. The study clearly emphasized that QD can be used for the qualitative detection of food allergens and can represent a reliable analytical method for food allergen detection in different food matrixes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Kalčáková
- Department of Plant Origin Foodstuffs Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.K.); (M.P.); (D.D.); (Z.J.); (H.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Bohuslava Tremlová
- Department of Plant Origin Foodstuffs Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.K.); (M.P.); (D.D.); (Z.J.); (H.B.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Matej Pospiech
- Department of Plant Origin Foodstuffs Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.K.); (M.P.); (D.D.); (Z.J.); (H.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Martin Hostovský
- Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Dani Dordević
- Department of Plant Origin Foodstuffs Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.K.); (M.P.); (D.D.); (Z.J.); (H.B.); (M.B.)
- Department of Technology and Organization of Public Catering, South Ural State University, Lenin Prospect 76, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Zdeňka Javůrková
- Department of Plant Origin Foodstuffs Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.K.); (M.P.); (D.D.); (Z.J.); (H.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Hana Běhalová
- Department of Plant Origin Foodstuffs Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.K.); (M.P.); (D.D.); (Z.J.); (H.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Marie Bartlová
- Department of Plant Origin Foodstuffs Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.K.); (M.P.); (D.D.); (Z.J.); (H.B.); (M.B.)
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Ko SM, Cho SY, Oh MJ, Kwon J, Vaidya B, Kim D. Application of Concanavalin A-Linked Magnetic Beads for the Detection of Hepatitis A Virus. J Food Prot 2018; 81:1997-2002. [PMID: 30476442 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-18-218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Prompt and inexpensive detection of hepatitis A virus (HAV) is essential to control acute hepatitis outbreaks associated with the consumption of contaminated raw or minimally processed food. In this study, various carbohydrate-binding lectins, including concanavalin A (Con A), wheat germ agglutinin, and soybean agglutinin, were compared for their binding affinity to HAV. Con A, which showed significantly higher binding affinity than other lectins, was used to develop an alternative and affordable method to conventional antibody-linked immunomagnetic separation prior to detection of HAV using reverse transcriptase PCR. This method, Con A-linked immunomagnetic separation combined with reverse transcriptase PCR, can detect HAV at a dilution concentration of 10-4 of the virus stock (titer: 104 median tissue culture infective dose per mL), indicating that Con A could be a promising candidate for concentrating HAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Mu Ko
- 1 Department of Food Science and Technology and Foodborne Virus Research Center, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Se-Young Cho
- 2 Biological Disaster Analysis Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, South Korea
| | - Myung-Joo Oh
- 3 Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, South Korea
| | - Joseph Kwon
- 2 Biological Disaster Analysis Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, South Korea
| | - Bipin Vaidya
- 1 Department of Food Science and Technology and Foodborne Virus Research Center, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Duwoon Kim
- 1 Department of Food Science and Technology and Foodborne Virus Research Center, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
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Summa M, Maunula L. Rapid Detection of Human Norovirus in Frozen Raspberries. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL VIROLOGY 2018; 10:51-60. [PMID: 29019092 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-017-9321-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Raspberries have lately caused several human norovirus (HuNoV) outbreaks in Europe. In this study, we developed and evaluated for HuNoV reverse transcription (RT)-PCR detection in frozen raspberries extraction methods that have equal sensitivity but are less time-consuming than widely used methods based on polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation and chloroform-butanol purification. One method was applied to stored frozen raspberries linked to previous HuNoV outbreaks and berries on sale. In the virus elution-based Method 1, sparkling water eluted viruses most efficiently from the berries. Method 2, based on direct nucleic acid extraction with minor PEG supplement, yielded the highest number of positive findings (4 out of 9) at low virus concentration level of 100 genome copies HuNoV genogroup II per 25 g raspberries. Both methods showed approximately equal sensitivity to a method including PEG precipitation and chloroform-butanol purification. Two naturally contaminated berry samples linked to HuNoV outbreaks in 2006 and 2009 were still positive for HuNoV genogroup I, but all berry products purchased from a local store remained negative for HuNoV. In conclusion, this study presents two efficient and rapid methods which can be used in urgent HuNoV outbreak investigations, since the results of the virus analysis are available in a few hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maija Summa
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, PO Box 66, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Leena Maunula
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, PO Box 66, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
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Neethirajan S, Ahmed SR, Chand R, Buozis J, Nagy É. Recent Advances in Biosensor Development for Foodborne Virus Detection. Nanotheranostics 2017; 1:272-295. [PMID: 29071193 PMCID: PMC5646734 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.20301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks of foodborne diseases related to fresh produce have been increasing in North America and Europe. Viral foodborne pathogens are poorly understood, suffering from insufficient awareness and surveillance due to the limits on knowledge, availability, and costs of related technologies and devices. Current foodborne viruses are emphasized and newly emerging foodborne viruses are beginning to attract interest. To face current challenges regarding foodborne pathogens, a point-of-care (POC) concept has been introduced to food testing technology and device. POC device development involves technologies such as microfluidics, nanomaterials, biosensors and other advanced techniques. These advanced technologies, together with the challenges in developing foodborne virus detection assays and devices, are described and analysed in this critical review. Advanced technologies provide a path forward for foodborne virus detection, but more research and development will be needed to provide the level of manufacturing capacity required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Neethirajan
- BioNano Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Syed Rahin Ahmed
- BioNano Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Rohit Chand
- BioNano Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - John Buozis
- BioNano Laboratory, School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Éva Nagy
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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Poongavanam MV, Kisley L, Kourentzi K, Landes CF, Willson RC. Ensemble and single-molecule biophysical characterization of D17.4 DNA aptamer-IgE interactions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2015; 1864:154-64. [PMID: 26307469 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The IgE-binding DNA aptamer 17.4 is known to inhibit the interaction of IgE with the high-affinity IgE Fc receptor FcεRI. While this and other aptamers have been widely used and studied, there has been relatively little investigation of the kinetics and energetics of their interactions with their targets, by either single-molecule or ensemble methods. METHODS The dissociation kinetics of the D17.4/IgE complex and the effects of temperature and ionic strength were studied using fluorescence anisotropy and single-molecule spectroscopy, and activation parameters calculated. RESULTS The dissociation of D17.4/IgE complex showed a strong dependence on temperature and salt concentration. The koff of D17.4/IgE complex was calculated to be (2.92±0.18)×10(-3) s(-1) at 50 mM NaCl, and (1.44±0.02)×10(-2) s(-1) at 300 mM NaCl, both in 1 mM MgCl2 and 25°C. The dissociation activation energy for the D17.4/IgE complex, Ea, was 16.0±1.9 kcal mol(-1) at 50 mM NaCl and 1 mM MgCl2. Interestingly, we found that the C19A mutant of D17.4 with stabilized stem structure showed slower dissociation kinetics compared to D17.4. Single-molecule observations of surface-immobilized D17.4/IgE showed much faster dissociation kinetics, and heterogeneity not observable by ensemble techniques. CONCLUSIONS The increasing koff value with increasing salt concentration is attributed to the electrostatic interactions between D17.4/IgE. We found that both the changes in activation enthalpy and activation entropy are insignificant with increasing NaCl concentration. The slower dissociation of the mutant C19A/IgE complex is likely due to the enhanced stability of the aptamer. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The activation parameters obtained by applying transition state analysis to kinetic data can provide details on mechanisms of molecular recognition and have applications in drug design. Single-molecule dissociation kinetics showed greater kinetic complexity than was observed in the ensemble in-solution systems, potentially reflecting conformational heterogeneity of the aptamer. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Physiological Enzymology and Protein Functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lydia Kisley
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX77005-1827, USA
| | - Katerina Kourentzi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, TX 77204-4004, USA
| | - Christy F Landes
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX77005-1827, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA.
| | - Richard C Willson
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, TX 77204-5001, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, TX 77204-4004, USA; Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Departamento de Biotecnología e Ingeniería de Alimentos, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico.
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Hagström AEV, Garvey G, Paterson AS, Dhamane S, Adhikari M, Estes MK, Strych U, Kourentzi K, Atmar RL, Willson RC. Sensitive detection of norovirus using phage nanoparticle reporters in lateral-flow assay. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126571. [PMID: 25978622 PMCID: PMC4433186 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Noroviruses are recognized worldwide as the principal cause of acute, non-bacterial gastroenteritis, resulting in 19-21 million cases of disease every year in the United States. Noroviruses have a very low infectious dose, a short incubation period, high resistance to traditional disinfection techniques and multiple modes of transmission, making early, point-of-care detection essential for controlling the spread of the disease. The traditional diagnostic tools, electron microscopy, RT-PCR and ELISA require sophisticated and expensive instrumentation, and are considered too laborious and slow to be useful during severe outbreaks. In this paper we describe the development of a new, rapid and sensitive lateral-flow assay using labeled phage particles for the detection of the prototypical norovirus GI.1 (Norwalk), with a limit of detection of 107 virus-like particles per mL, one hundred-fold lower than a conventional gold nanoparticle lateral-flow assay using the same antibody pair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E. V. Hagström
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Gavin Garvey
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Andrew S. Paterson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sagar Dhamane
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Meena Adhikari
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Mary K. Estes
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ulrich Strych
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Katerina Kourentzi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Robert L. Atmar
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Richard C. Willson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Departamento de Biotecnología e Ingeniería de Alimentos, Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
- * E-mail:
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A rapid, sensitive and selective electrochemical biosensor with concanavalin A for the preemptive detection of norovirus. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 64:338-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Escudero-Abarca BI, Suh SH, Moore MD, Dwivedi HP, Jaykus LA. Selection, characterization and application of nucleic acid aptamers for the capture and detection of human norovirus strains. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106805. [PMID: 25192421 PMCID: PMC4156411 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Human noroviruses (HuNoV) are the leading cause of acute viral gastroenteritis and an important cause of foodborne disease. Despite their public health significance, routine detection of HuNoV in community settings, or food and environmental samples, is limited, and there is a need to develop alternative HuNoV diagnostic reagents to complement existing ones. The purpose of this study was to select and characterize single-stranded (ss)DNA aptamers with binding affinity to HuNoV. The utility of these aptamers was demonstrated in their use for capture and detection of HuNoV in outbreak-derived fecal samples and a representative food matrix. SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment) was used to isolate ssDNA aptamer sequences with broad reactivity to the prototype GII.2 HuNoV strain, Snow Mountain Virus (SMV). Four aptamer candidates (designated 19, 21, 25 and 26) were identified and screened for binding affinity to 14 different virus-like particles (VLPs) corresponding to various GI and GII HuNoV strains using an Enzyme-Linked Aptamer Sorbant Assay (ELASA). Collectively, aptamers 21 and 25 showed affinity to 13 of the 14 VLPs tested, with strongest binding to GII.2 (SMV) and GII.4 VLPs. Aptamer 25 was chosen for further study. Its binding affinity to SMV-VLPs was equivalent to that of a commercial antibody within a range of 1 to 5 µg/ml. Aptamer 25 also showed binding to representative HuNoV strains present in stool specimens obtained from naturally infected individuals. Lastly, an aptamer magnetic capture (AMC) method using aptamer 25 coupled with RT-qPCR was developed for recovery and detection of HuNoV in artificially contaminated lettuce. The capture efficiency of the AMC was 2.5-36% with an assay detection limit of 10 RNA copies per lettuce sample. These ssDNA aptamer candidates show promise as broadly reactive reagents for use in HuNoV capture and detection assays in various sample types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca I. Escudero-Abarca
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Soo Hwan Suh
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Matthew D. Moore
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Hari P. Dwivedi
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Lee-Ann Jaykus
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
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