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Yi H, Duan H, Shi W, Liu Z, Liu Y. DEK overexpression is predictive of poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Arch Med Sci 2021; 17:135-141. [PMID: 33488866 PMCID: PMC7811301 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.84210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The DEK gene encodes a nuclear phosphoprotein which is involved in multiple cell metabolic processes, such as DNA damage repair, mRNA splicing, modifying chromatin structure and transcription regulation. DEK has been shown to be overexpressed in various solid human tumors and associated with patient prognosis. In this study, our aim was to investigate DEK protein expression and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters and prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). MATERIAL AND METHODS Tissue samples were collected from 120 routinely diagnosed ESCC patients who underwent surgical resection at the Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University in the period from June 2011 to May 2013. The expression of DEK was determined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS DEK protein was ubiquitously distributed in the nucleus of ESCC cells, and its positive rate (71.7%) was significantly higher in cancer samples than those of para-carcinoma (21.4%) or normal esophageal (13.9%) tissues (p < 0.001). Similarly, significantly more cells overexpressing DEK were found in ESCC tissues (57.5%) in comparison with para-carcinoma samples (11.4%) and normal esophageal mucosa (0%, p < 0.001). The DEK overexpression rate was significantly different between patients with different tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages and differentiation degrees (p < 0.001). ESCC cases with elevated DEK amounts showed reduced disease-free and 5-year survival rates compared with those expressing low DEK amounts (p < 0.001). DEK overexpression was also confirmed to independently predict prognosis in ESCC (HR = 4.121, 95% CI: 1.803-9.42, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS DEK expression is positively correlated with reduced survival in ESCC patients. DEK has potential to be an independent biomarker in predicting prognosis of ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huochun Yi
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hongbing Duan
- Department of Thoracic, Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wensheng Shi
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhengjin Liu
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yali Liu
- Department of Thoracic, Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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Yin GW, Xia XX, Song FJ, Huang YH. Expression of Wnt-1 and TSLC1 in condyloma acuminatum. Clin Exp Dermatol 2019; 44:620-624. [PMID: 30793382 DOI: 10.1111/ced.13862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite its high contagiousness, high recurrence rate and potential for malignant transformation, effective treatments for condyloma acuminatum (CA) have not yet been developed. Accordingly, it is necessary to clarify the mechanisms underlying CA development. AIM To investigate the expression and significance of the proteins Wnt-1 and TSLC1 in patients with CA and in normal foreskin controls. METHODS Wnt-1 and TSLC1 were assessed by immunohistochemistry in 45 patients with CA. RESULTS Positive expression rates of Wnt-1 and TSLC1 were 82.22% (37/45) and 37.78% (17/45), respectively, in CA tissues, and 29.17% (7/24) and 91.67% (22/24), respectively, in normal foreskin controls. Wnt-1 expression intensity in CA was markedly higher (positive to strongly positive) than that in normal controls (negative to weakly positive), whereas TSLC1 expression intensity ranged from weakly positive to positive in CA, and nearly strongly positive in the normal control group. The differences in the positive expression rate and expression intensity of Wnt-1 and TSLC1 between the two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). In addition, Wnt-1 and TSLC1 were negatively correlated. (r = -0.336, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of Wnt-1 and low expression of TSLC1 may be associated with the growth of CA. These findings may provide a basis for the development of therapies to prevent recurrence or malignant transformation of CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- G W Yin
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - X X Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - F J Song
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Y H Huang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Pan T, Hu X, Liu T, Xu Z, Wan N, Zhang Y, Li S. MiR-128-1-5p regulates tight junction induced by selenium deficiency via targeting cell adhesion molecule 1 in broilers vein endothelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:8802-8814. [PMID: 29904913 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Vein endothelial cells (VECs) constitute an important barrier for macromolecules and circulating cells from the blood to the tissues, stabilizing the colloid osmotic pressure of the blood, regulating the vascular tone, and rapidly changing the intercellular connection, and maintaining normal physiological function. Tight junction has been discovered as an important structural basis of intercellular connection and may play a key role in intercellular connection injuries or vascular diseases and selenium (Se) deficiency symptoms. Hence, we replicated the Se-deficient broilers model and detected the specific microRNA in response to Se-deficient vein by using quantitative real time-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. Also, we selected miR-128-1-5p based on differential expression in vein tissue and confirmed its target gene cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) by the dual luciferase reporter assay and qRT-PCR in VECs. We made the ectopic miR-128-1-5p expression for the purpose of validating its function on tight junction. The result showed that miR-128-1-5p and CADM1 were involved in the ZO-1-mediated tight junction, increased paracellular permeability, and arrested cell cycle. We presumed that miR-128-1-5p and Se deficiency might trigger tight junction. Interestingly, miR-128-1-5p inhibitor and fasudil in part hinder the destruction of the intercellular structure caused by Se deficiency. The miR-128-1-5p/CADM1/tight junction axis provides a new avenue toward understanding the mechanism of Se deficiency, revealing a novel regulation model of tight junction injury in vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingru Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xueyuan Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhe Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Na Wan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Shu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Prisco AR, Hoffmann BR, Kaczorowski CC, McDermott-Roe C, Stodola TJ, Exner EC, Greene AS. Tumor Necrosis Factor α Regulates Endothelial Progenitor Cell Migration via CADM1 and NF-kB. Stem Cells 2016; 34:1922-33. [PMID: 26867147 PMCID: PMC4931961 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Shortly after the discovery of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in 1997, many clinical trials were conducted using EPCs as a cellular based therapy with the goal of restoring damaged organ function by inducing growth of new blood vessels (angiogenesis). Results were disappointing, largely because the cellular and molecular mechanisms of EPC-induced angiogenesis were not clearly understood. Following injection, EPCs must migrate to the target tissue and engraft prior to induction of angiogenesis. In this study EPC migration was investigated in response to tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, to test the hypothesis that organ damage observed in ischemic diseases induces an inflammatory signal that is important for EPC homing. In this study, EPC migration and incorporation were modeled in vitro using a coculture assay where TNFα treated EPCs were tracked while migrating toward vessel-like structures. It was found that TNFα treatment of EPCs increased migration and incorporation into vessel-like structures. Using a combination of genomic and proteomic approaches, NF-kB mediated upregulation of CADM1 was identified as a mechanism of TNFα induced migration. Inhibition of NF-kB or CADM1 significantly decreased migration of EPCs in vitro suggesting a role for TNFα signaling in EPC homing during tissue repair. Stem Cells 2016;34:1922-1933.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R. Prisco
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Physiology, Milwaukee, WI
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Brian R. Hoffmann
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Milwaukee, WI
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Catherine C. Kaczorowski
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Memphis, TN
| | - Chris McDermott-Roe
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Physiology, Milwaukee, WI
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Timothy J. Stodola
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Physiology, Milwaukee, WI
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Eric C. Exner
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Physiology, Milwaukee, WI
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Andrew S. Greene
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Physiology, Milwaukee, WI
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Biotechnology and Bioengineering Center, Milwaukee, WI
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Yang H, Zhang QX, Pei DS, Xu F, Li Y, Yu RT. FK506-binding protein 5 inhibits proliferation and stimulates apoptosis of glioma cells. Arch Med Sci 2015; 11:1074-80. [PMID: 26528353 PMCID: PMC4624752 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2015.54864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION FK506-binding protein 5 (FKBP5) is reported to act as a scaffolding protein for Akt to promote the dephosphorylation of AKT Ser473 and suppress pancreatic cancer growth. However, other studies have shown that FKBP5 promotes tumor growth and chemoresistance through regulating NF-κB signaling in other cancers. In this study, we attempted to investigate the role and mechanism of action of FKBP5 in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis of glioma cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS The glioma U251 cell line was used as the model. Cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by annexin-V staining. Protein expression was detected by Western blot analysis. RESULTS FKBP5 overexpression inhibited the proliferation of U251 cells significantly (p < 0.05), and promoted the apoptosis of U251 cells significantly (p < 0.05). In addition, FKBP5 overexpression inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt at Ser743, decreased the level of Bcl-2, increased the level of Bax, and enhanced the cleavage of caspase-9 and caspase-3 (p < 0.05 compared to control). In contrast, FKBP5 knockdown enhanced the proliferation of U251 cells, increased the phosphorylation of Akt significantly (p < 0.05), increased the expression of Bcl-2 and decreased the expression of Bax, and decreased the cleavage of caspase-9 and caspase-3 significantly (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS FKBP5 plays the role of a tumor suppressor in glioma by inhibiting the activation of Akt and stimulating the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, and could be used as a new target for gene therapy of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qing-Xiu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Pei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou First People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ru-Tong Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
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Chen Y, Yang Y, Liu L, Wang S, Song H, Liu X. Tumor Suppressor in Lung Cancer-1 Is a Prognostic Predictor for the Recurrence and Progression of Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Urol Int 2015; 96:142-7. [PMID: 26894268 DOI: 10.1159/000438492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between the expression of tumor suppressor in lung cancer-1 (TSLC1) and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and evaluate the prognostic significance of TSLC1. METHODS TSLC1 expression in 241 specimens of NMIBC was examined by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between TSLC1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics was evaluated using the chi-square test. The prognostic significance of TSLC1 was analyzed by univariate, multivariate analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival curves. RESULTS The total negative rate of TSLC1 expression was 47.3% in NMIBC. Decreased expression of TSLC1 was correlated with a higher clinical stage, higher pathological grade, the number of tumors, lager tumor size, tumor recurrence and progression. TSLC1 expression was an independent risk factor for predicting tumor recurrence (p = 0.005) and progression (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Decreased expression of TSLC1 is correlated with the malignancy of NMIBC tissues and low TSLC1 expression may serve as a predictor for bladder cancer recurrence and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yegang Chen
- Department of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University and Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin, China
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Hypermethylation of the tumor-suppressor cell adhesion molecule 1 in human papillomavirus-transformed cervical carcinoma cells. Int J Oncol 2015; 46:2656-62. [PMID: 25845528 PMCID: PMC4441298 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modification at CpG islands located on the promoter regions of tumor-suppressor genes has been associated with tumor development in many human cancers. Our study showed that the cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) is downregulated in human papillomavirus (HPV)-infected cervical cancer cell lines via its hypermethylation and demethylation using 5-aza-2′-deoxycyticine (5-aza-dC) restored the expression of CADM1 protein. Overexpression of CADM1 inhibited cell proliferation. p53 was involved in the regulation of CADM1. Our results demonstrate that epigenetic alteration of CADM1 was more frequent in HPV-positive cervical cancers and that restoration of CADM1 expression may be a potential strategy for cervical cancer therapy.
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Liang QL, Chen GQ, Liu QL, Li ZY, Zhang XN, Zhou Y, Ou WT, Wang BR, Hu LR. Tumor suppressor TSLC1 inhibits growth, proliferation, invasiveness and angiogenesis in nude mice xenografted tumor of Eca109 cells. Int J Clin Exp Med 2014; 7:1507-1515. [PMID: 25035773 PMCID: PMC4100959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Tumor suppressor in lung cancer 1 (TSLC1) is a novel tumor suppressor gene whose inactivation is implicated in the occurrence, invasion, metastasis and prognosis of esophageal cancer. TSLC1 was studied by comparing the tumor formation of TSLC1 transfectant and control cells in nude mice. Compared with blank group and mock group, tumor size and infiltrating range of transfected group was less, differentiation of tumor tissue was slightly better, and differences of tumor angiogenesis was worse. There was no obvious difference between blank group and mock group. We have shown TSLC1 gene inhibited the growth proliferation, infiltration and angiogenesis of Eca109 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Lian Liang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical CollegeZhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical CollegeZhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Qiu-Long Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical CollegeZhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Zhou-Yu Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Xiang-Ning Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangdong Medical CollegeDongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical CollegeZhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Wen-Ting Ou
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical CollegeZhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Bi-Rong Wang
- Department of Chemotherapy, Cancer Center of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Li-Ren Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical CollegeZhanjiang, 524023, China
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Zwierzchowski TJ, Stasikowska-Kanicka O, Janus J, Konecki W, Danilewicz M, Fabiś J. Assessment of apoptosis, MMP-1, MMP-3, TIMP-2 expression and mechanical and biochemical properties of fresh rabbit's medial meniscus stored two weeks under tissue culture conditions. Arch Med Sci 2014; 10:167-73. [PMID: 24701230 PMCID: PMC3953971 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2014.40276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to assess apoptosis, the expression of MMP-1, MMP-3 and TIMP-2, as well as the mechanical and biochemical properties of fresh rabbit medial meniscus after 2 weeks stored under tissue culture conditions. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study material included 26 rabbit's medial menisci. Fourteen menisci were stored for 2 weeks under tissue culture conditions. Thirteen menisci were subjected to immunohistochemistry tests. Apoptosis (TUNEL method) and the expression of MMP-1 (collagenase-1), MMP-3 (stromelysin-2) and TIMP-2 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2) were estimated semiquantitatively. The remaining menisci were tested mechanically and biochemically. The mechanical properties were assessed by the degree of elasticity. Biochemical composition was based on the content analysis of water, total collagen and glycosaminoglycans. RESULTS As in the control group, the conducted study did not reveal any apoptosis in the stored menisci. The study group showed a slight expression of MMP-1 (0.27 ±0.19), MMP-3 (0.30 ±0.20) and TIMP-2 (0.33 ±0.20) - no statistically significant difference from controls. The degree of elasticity was 28.51 ±1.53 in the study group, and this did not statistically differ from the control group. No significant biochemical differences were identified in any other monitored parameter. CONCLUSIONS The conducted in vitro study did not show any negative influence of a 2-week storage period under tissue culture conditions on the apoptosis and expression of MMP-1, MMP-3 and TIMP-2 in rabbit fresh menisci, nor any impact on their mechanical and biochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz J. Zwierzchowski
- Orthopaedic Department, Arthroscopy and Sports Traumatology Clinic, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Jolanta Janus
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Konecki
- Department of Fibre Physics and Textile Metrology, Technical University of Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Jarosław Fabiś
- Orthopaedic Department, Arthroscopy and Sports Traumatology Clinic, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
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Liu D, Feng X, Wu X, Li Z, Wang W, Tao Y, Xia Y. Tumor suppressor in lung cancer 1 (TSLC1), a novel tumor suppressor gene, is implicated in the regulation of proliferation, invasion, cell cycle, apoptosis, and tumorigenicity in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2013; 34:3773-83. [PMID: 23812766 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-0961-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor in lung cancer 1 (TSLC1) is tightly implicated in a variety of biological processes and plays critical roles in tumor development and progression. However, the roles of TSLC1 in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) remain to be unraveled. Here, we reported the TSLC1 gene that was significantly downregulated in CSCC tissues and cells, and survival times of patients with TSLC1 at a low level were markedly lower than that at a high level (P = 0.0070). A stepwise investigation demonstrated that an elevated TSLC1 level evoked obvious proliferation and invasion inhibitions and arrested cell cycle at G0/G1 phase in A431 cells. Moreover, increase of caspase-3 activity mediated by elevated TSLC1 level induced cell apoptosis in A431 cells. Most notably, upregulation of TSLC1 expression reduced the numbers of colony formation and tumorigenicity. Collectively, our results presented herein suggest that TSLC1 as tumor suppressor may play prominent roles in development and progression of CSCC via regulation of different biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, No. 88, Health Road, Weihui, Henan, 453100, China
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